3 i a Matrices 3.3 EXERCISE SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS z Q1. Ifa matrix has 28 elements, what are the possible orders it can have? What ifithas 13 elements? Sol. The possible orders that a matrix having 28 elements are (28 x1, 1x28, 2x 14, 14x 2, 4x7, 7x4). The possible orders ‘of a matrix having 13 elements are (1 x 13, 13 x1). mioglenes% Q2. Inthe matrix A=|2 V3 x*-y|, write: <1 O38, aiees () The order of the matrix A (ii) The number of elements Write elements ayy yyy ‘The order of the given matrix Ais 3x3 ‘The number of elements in matrix A=3 x3=9 «y= the elements of # row and j* column. 30, fgg = X2—Y, sy = 0, My = 1. Q3. Construct ay, matrix where = 29 @O m= Sol, Let ae a Sol. (i) ay =} 2+ 33] fx 2 = 2) 2 (1-22)? 9 (@ Given that 4, (2x0? 2 (2-2x1)2 2 Bava) 2 @=2x27_, 2 a> 1 es jap= zits fn =O; 0n= 19 Hence, the matrixA=|2 2 or2. 48 m= L2X1432)—4 nga 2x24 3x2|=2 |. Construct a 3 x 2 matrix whose elements are given by y= sin jx. My Me |. Let A= |My 31 830 bya Given that = o* sin jx sin: ay = esin 2x yy = & sin x yg = sin 2 ay, = e* sin x f= & sin 2x @sinx ef sin 2x Hence, the matrix 4 =}¢*sinx e%* sin 2x esinx e sin 2x . Find the values of a and bif A=B, where acer 96] galtat2 F +2 [3 an 8B -Sb. |. Given that A=B 8-6) | 8 sb Equating the corresponding elements, we get a+4=20+2, 3b-12+2 and W-Sb=-6 = Ma-a=2, 3420, 546-0 eae sa a= P3b+2=0 2) Px5b46=0 = R-M-b+2-0, P=3b-2+6=0 => Wb-2)-1(b-2)-0, | = bb-3)-26-3) = 0. > 1-2-0, |= 2-3-0 a be12]> b=2,3 ‘but here 2 is common. Hence, the value of a= 2.and b= 2, Matrices = 49Qs. If possible, find the sum of the matrices A and B, where fe ae plea “Bz, BoB ab 6 Sol. The order of matrix A=2x2 and the order of matrix B= 2x3 ‘Addition of matrices is only possible when they have same order. So, A+B is not possible. tengo -[: 1 3] oe r-[? 1 apm 2-3, ON X+¥ (i) 2X-3Y (iii) A matrix Z such that X+Y + Z is a zero matrix, Sol. Given that x=[2 0-72] ana y-[2 ) See NS 2 a hm ewe a | ae a 301 -1),(2 1-7 Ci xr = ah 2 a “342 der -1-17" [8 2"-2 “|547 -242 -a+4]"| 0 1 gee pekiy fond a @ ax-sr= af 2 4G 2 “| “|ex5 -2x2 -2x3) [3x7 3x2 3x4) 6 2-2) [6 3 -3 -[ -4 “le 6 al 6-6 2-3 -243] [0 = 1 thst -4-6 2g altLa -10 | (ii) X#Y+Z=0 3 1 -I][2 1-1] fa 6 c]_foo 0 on i “2 hy 2 Fl ef -[ 0 al veel 3+2+a 1+1+b -1-1+e] [0 0 0 = ies -24240 De-[ 0 sl Sta 24b -24c]_[0 0 0 a lacus e aelals 0 al 50 Bl NCERT Exewevar Proatems Maresarics-XIl Equating the corresponding elements, we get 5+a=0 > am-5, 24-0 = bx-2, -24c20 9 c=2 12+d=0 = d=-12, e=0, 1+f=0 > fe-1 3 “5-22 ence, thematic 2-[ 7) ; =f Q8. Find non-zero es ‘0f x satisfying the matrix equation: [3 Je Ae »[@ + 24 lt ob (10) 6x, Sol. The given equation can be written as 2x? 2x [if 10x] _ [x2 +16) 48 ax |" [8 bx 20) Ix 2 2 - ie +16 12x |-F +16 | 3r48 48x] [200 12x Equating the corresponding elements we get Te" 48, 3x48 20, s+ 8r = 12 xe Bag gr=20-8-2, = Petr beo ae need = aPaden xeoxed Hence, the non-zero values of x is 4. . walt Jee ( oh show that (A+B) (A-B)#A?-B? Sol. Given that A =| ft ac c QO ag 0-0 141 acer] de? a-1 1-0) 7 “Plo 4 ——_T,__—— Mamices 510 O}fo 2 0+0 0+0 00 casas fe apps eke & Now RHS. = A?-B = AA-B-B 0 1]f0 1] fo -1yo -1 “falabh abd O+1 O+1) [0-1 0+0 “be Tables <2] valle alcite ea)-[r 3] Hae, i TE 3] Hence, (A+B). (A=B) # A? ~B? QUO. Find the value of x if | =o eae : 3 il: 2 13 2//1 Sol. Given that [1 x al: 5 ‘Eke 153 2)[x fhe fz 52 15°32 => [142x415 34+5x+3 sed u [ox+16 5x46 salle 2)-0 x => [2x +16+10x+12+ a2 dx] = 0; =p32+ 16x +28=0 mo 24 Ldx+2x+28=0; > x(x +14) #2(x + 14)=0 = (c+2)(e+14)=0; x+2=0 or xt+14=0 x=-2> or x=-14 Hace, the vaindg of oie 2and-14. QU1. Show that A= [3 3] sates neequntion A?—34~ 71-0 | 2 ‘52. NCERT Exenptar Prostes Marnenarics-Xll and hence find A“, Sol. Given Al: '5- 38 iven that [3 38 APR ALA =f 3][ 5 3) 2f25-3 15-6] [2 9 -1 -2}[-1 -2)"|-542-344]"[-3 1 -3A-71=0 bl vale Ib bo - Gos 4 22-15-7 9-9-0 00 = [+3+3-0 14627 = al a We are given A?-3A—71=O. om AA[AR-3A-71] = AIO, [Pre-multiplying both sides by A] =) AQA-A-3A7-A-7A71-0 [A“0=0] = TA-3I-7A41=0 = A-3I-7A7 =0 = e631-A 1 te Lr = Ate etal - aft ys 2 =a"to Asa. -2, alas 3 o 3) (a -2 Sines 0-3] 1 f-2 -3 —7[0+1'3¥2|"—7] 1 5 2, -3)] ee Hence, A a a 3 (Q12. Find the matrix A satisfying the matrix equation: 21),(-3 2]_f1o 3 2/"L 5 -3|"[o-1. Marrices B53oT ~3c+5d+4=1 = -3c+5d=-3 sa. ut ae il amd fibineg! 8) © the 4x1 +20~6x1-34 = 0; 9 4+2e—6~3d=0 27 ab] [-3. 2 1 0 -24+2c-3d=0 => 2c~3d=2 (8) 3 2hole theal 5 Sheol Ube Soran (7) and (8) we get, (es ive [Pe 1] F ‘I | sriligealy, 5 Re tang im s = 9d = 3a+2 36+2d) aL 5 -3byo LO Ube ‘Adding d= 0 60 -3c+10b+5d 4a-+2c~6b— 1 0 Putting the value of d in eq. (8) we get, > | -99-6c+15b+10d 6a+ 4c -9b— 6a. 1 | 2c-3x0=2 =» 2=2—>c=1 Equating the corresponding elements, we get, | Hane, alt di = 60~3¢ +10 +5 = 1 @ Pte el Ba 6c 15h +104 = 0 =) 4] [-48 4 Aa 2c— 66-34 = 0 -@) QU3. Finda, if/1]A=]-1 201 6a + 4c—9b ~ 6d = 1 @) % alt 43/623 Multiplying eq, (1) by 2 and subtracting eq. 2), we get, A ne yen 4 48 4 on = de + 15b + 18d = 0 Sol. Orderof|1] is31and orderof|-1 2 1} is3x3.So, the oo ey a © 9, 3. -3 6 3, . oitsdasbine lB) order of matrix A must be 1x3. Now, multiplying eq, (3) by 2.and subtracting eq. (4), we ‘get LetA=[a b chy, 8a + w 12h - 6d/= 0 £ 484 60 + af — 9b ~ 1) [eb chyg-[-1.2 1 ooo & | 3 atte a tab a sx3 20-3b==1 (6) ‘4a 4b 4c] [-4.8 4 Solving eq. (5) and (6) i, | = ab cl=/-121 mal | oa a> ac] [-3 6 3 2x(-3a+5b=2) = -6a+10b= 4 Equating the corresponding elements to get the values of a,b 3x(Qa-3b=-1) = Ga 9) = 33 andc Adding b= 1 4a=-4, 4b = 8, 4e=4 Putting the value of b in eq. (6), we get, a=-1 aba? neal 2-3x1=-1 Hence matsix A= [1 24) > M-Be-1 = Wr9-1) > Ban? a ant re nt -2 \ Now, puting the values of «and b in equations (1) and (3) Qid fA=}1 dana B=|> 2 4, then verity (BA)? # BAP. 61-3 #101454 =1 20 = -6-3c+10+5d =1 54 NCERT Exewevar Proatens Maraewancs-XIl Marpices 55,By 2349 = and A=] i 1 Sol. Here, B i 3 a | } 2) Olena 64144-84140 1-7) | + 9 BAR| aeo¥8 -442+0]R-12 8S las —2 4 1 =7][11. -7 | LHS. (BART CA GMS la3.<2ll13 =2 Wa1-91 =7 +14) 30-63 = [ras-26 -91+4 |" [117-87 [i 1 i] i} a Al RHS. B= B-B= fr . 1.2 4hel [1 2 abs Here, number of columns of first i, 3 is not equal to the number of rows of second matrix iz, 2. So, B? is not possible. Similarly, A? is also not possible. } Hence, (BA)? BA? Q1S. If possible, find BA. oy ey ‘where se iF 1 4 3 [i g il 2 Sol. BA-|2 3 i i il: . A= 1 aft 2 Abas get de> o4a 9 6 12 443296 4412) 2] 78 46 242 144 248), ba i z a1 Now AB=]; 9 23 2 Ae 1 he 84242 24344 29 Aeded 14648 yp 5h, 56 NCERT Exewp.ar Pros.ews Martemarics—Xil BA= ack stelasgawul® © Hence, wa=|7 8 t6fandap=[ > 0 45 10 16. Show by an exaimple that for Az O and B+0, AB=O. Sol. Let A= [a “yen B= {i 1 ae-( ill a) 1-1, 11,Lf0 0 Ed aoe sath a} elt 11 ne: Phe 240 . Ae QU7. Given i 9 dé va Joven 2 8]. 1s(ABy'=B’A? (3 39 6 ee 54] | 24840 cals 2 a Sol. Here A=[2 4 ‘he-| ve oN 341846) 12+72418]" [27,102 10 a LHS. (AB)'= 3 8 Now B= aN e AS on oe u = cen RHS. BA = cen“[esa2+0 12+72+18|" Hence, LHS.= RHS. on edasgatay ey alesan Sol. Given that: ef [3 ws Botha = [FPBbLal-° =[a]-Ll ‘Comparing the corresponding elements of both sides, we get, 2+8+0 341846] [10 27 40 102. | =LHS, 243-8200 = 2x +3y =8 xr5y-1=0 = x+5y=11 Multiplying eq. (1) by 1 and eq. (2) by 2, and then on subtracting, we get, a+ 3y = 8 2x + 10y = 2 CO Ty 2-14 yn2. i Putting y =2 in eq, (2) we get, x+5x2=11 sx410=11 x=11-10-1 Hidde vale St hd y ae i 2 repectvey. Q19. 1FX and Y are 2x2 matrices, then solve the following matrix ‘equations for X and Y. mene rots Sol. Given that: axeav=[? i (1) 202 ax+2¥=|y 5 2) Multiplying eq, (1) by 3 and eq, (2) by 2, we get, 58H _NCERT Exewptar Prostews Marewancs-Xil 23 69 apes] a -see-[5 3] © 22 404 aecemeal 2 2] = oeor=[S 8 (On subtracting eq, (4) from eq. (3) we get 6+4 9- wf ovo) . i a Be v-[; 1 [10° 10. mae Now, putting the value of Y in equation (1) we get, ale al: [bol 6 3}_ [2.3 2 3] [6 5 «i ax[f ae [f al rr a(t as 6 2-6 3-3 4 0 = 2a lite jel m[3 PA af-4 0 fo ~ hea ss mont Soe 3 Q20. If A=[3 5],B=[7 3], then find a non-zero matrix C such that AC=BC. Sol. Given that A=[3 5],,,/B=[7 3],,. Let =. teh. ac=B Shalsl., Bas 58] vce hag), Pe 2 AC = BC (Given) = [3a+5B] = [70+38] > 3a.+ 5B = 7o.+ 3B Maraices ml 593a~7a = 38-58 —da=-28 asi > s B2 So, let = K and B = 2K, Kis some real number. He trix C: i ea ete. nee matte |] or [oe ax * (Q21. Give an example of matrices A, Band C such that AB = AC, ‘where A is non-zero matrix, but B C. 1.0 1% 1, 2 wa va ae[ Slane! Monaco? 3] 1 07/12 ‘14+0 240] [1 2 0-[p alte ol*4*oxe ocala 1 07f1 2 1+0 240) [1 2 rela alt 2l-[ot0 sale a] Hence, AB = AC for matrix A is non-zero and B#C. on wae[_! tafe Sjowce[3,§ verify: () (ABJC=A(BC) (i) AB+C)=AB+AC aie 10 Sol. Gwen tat a[ i} “f ajc [- = al ( Tovverity: (AB)C= ABO) pe | 122 3]Lp 246) a28]Lp Bors ao [Peal ets oe elon in LHS. _[ 8-37 1 0]_[8+5 040) p13 0 (BIC) —10f]-10]7|-1410 o+0]"[9 0 ae- [2 If 1 O}_f2-3.9+07_/-1 0 [3 -all-1-0]"[+4'o40]7| 7 0. 1 2-10] persia o#07_ pis 0 -2 aj 7 0) [247 040)" 19 0 60 mM NCERT Exenptar Prostens Matiewstics-XIl LHS. = RHS. $0, (AB)C = A(BO) (i) To verify: A(B+C)= AB+AC LHS. B+C = Oo z xa 0 0 PQ=|0 yb 0|=OP 0.0 ze Qing aceaiel 340)_ [ “Baas [ x00 20 0 — 023, If P=|0 y- OJandQ=|0' b 0], prove that oo € 10 71) 0}7 Marrices @ 61Sol. Given that: P= Sor Sow 04040 OFyb+0 0+040 0+0+0 04040 0+0+z0 xa 0 0 PQ=|0 yb 0 0 0.2. x0 Now oy 00 0 0 one nos 0+0+0 O+yb+0 0+0+0 O+0+0 04040 0+0+2c oo 0» 0 0 0 2 Hence, PQ=QP. 0 Qr4. Iff2 1 3]/-1 1 o1 xa+0+0 0+0+0 rc 1 ol=a find A. oh 20 =f 1 Sol. Given that: [2 1 3]}-11 0 o1 1 -1 0 -1 f tus. [21 3},,[-1 10 0) Jo OL Teal Use 62 NCERT Exempuar Prostews Marewanics—XIl tl [-2-14+0 04143 s0-ah.] eal e £3+0-tha=l4he Hence, matrix A= [-4] O25. IF A=[2 40-5 - leac=[ 2 a} Sol. Given that: A=[2 1], B= 53 LHS. w-o-[3 h 5-1 “lee 455 AB+C)= 2 als i il i =[8+9 10+7 1048}, A(B+C)= [17 17 18] 53 4 Rus AB-P thale 7 |, , =[10+8 6+7 8+6],,,=[18 13 14),, 12.7 ert thol to aL, = [-241 440 242), ,=[-1 4 4, AB+AC = [18 13 14],,,4[-1 4 4], = [18-1 1344 1444). AB+AC = [17 17 18] LHS. =RHS. Hence, A(B + C) = (AB + AC) is verified. leg Marrices 6326. If A is 3x3 unit matrix, 10 <1 Sol. Given that A=|2 1 3 o1 1 AAA 10 -1]f1 0 -1 . sj24 sll2 1 3 01 afotet 14040 040-1 -140-1] fa -1, -2 = [24240 OF143 -2434+3]-|4 4 4 04240 O+1+1 O+341) [2 2 4 1-1 -2] fio -1 LHS. AtAs|4 4 4[ 2103 aa’, alr to's, 4 141-140 -2-1] [2 -1 - s|442 441 443/-l6 5 240. 241 441) [2 3 [i 0 -1][(2 0 -1) (1 0 0 RHS. A(AtD=|2 1 3|[/2.1 3]+]0 1 0 a1 alo. 1) lo o1 10-1720 -1) =|2 1 3/2 2 3) o1 aor 2 24040 040-1 -140-2] [2 -1 44240 04243 -24346/-|6 5 °7 04240 04241 04342] [2 3 5 LHS.= RHS. AZ4+A= A(A+D, Hence verified. 64 & NCERT Exewear Prostens Marewatios—XIl 10 2 1 09] then verify that A?+ A= A(A +0, where I ad 3 7 5, 43-4 £9) @ (AY=A (i) (ABY =B‘A (iii) (KAY = (ka) 40 0-12 Sol. Given that: A =| F, meal 3 aj ef 3 oe Aly (oe jal f2 ay=|-1 03 [i ‘f al: =A 2 4h eg) Hence, (A’Y'=A oth? ap ((4r 0 cus, ap=[y 73 iy) Jt 312 6 2 _fO-1+4 0-3412 Say 08 16+3-8 049-24]. [11 -15},,, 3 is 9-5). : 2 Aho 0-3+12 0+9-24), LHS.=RHS, Hence, (ABY = B’A’ is verified. earns 68.Pa 0 (i) LHS. manalt : l-{a 3k 0 4k (cay=|-k 3k 2k RHS. wnat a Hence, LHS.=RHS. (AY = (kA\) is verified. a} efi? O28. If A=|4 1|,B=|6 4], then verify that: sie] [7/3 @ GALEN ZA (i) (A-By =A’-B 52) Sol. Given that: 4 = i i and B=|6 4 7 () To verify that: bathe 20'+B Loy (1.2 LHS.2A+By=|2/4 1]+/6 { + 5 6) \7 3 241 =| 846 10+7 1243. a 4 6 ‘ ly 2 5), i 7Io-1 6|*| i 3 2 8 10) [1 6 7 42 n|*/2 43 241 8+6 1047 442 244 1243 -k i] op [9 fo a i 3 =k-1 3[=|-k 3k 3 2-4) [2k -4k ye 6 10 12, re lia [eae as ‘1 lst is 15 6 6 15 66 B_NCERT Exeu.ar Prostens Martewarics-XIl Hence, LHS.=RHS. (A+B) = 2A’ +B’is verified. (i) To verify that: (A~BY'=A’—B’ | 12) (1 2yf LHS(A-B)’=]/4 1 ]l6 4 5 6, 73, . Show that A’A and AA’ are both symmetric matrices for any matrix A. Let =. = P=A'A P= (AAy pote. P=AVA Pep Fence, A‘Ais a symmetric matrix. | Now,Let — Q= AA’ = y= aay gaya’ = Q=AA’ = g=Q Hence, A A’ is also a symmetric matrix. Let A and B be square matrices of the order 3 x 3. Is (AB)?= ‘A282? Give reasons. Given that A and B are the matrices of the order 3 x 3. (AB) = AB- AB =AA.BB ace (ab) = 2B? [(ABy = BAY = (AY=A) Ss Sol. Hence, Matrices 67Q31. Show that if A and B are square matrices such that AB = BA then (A+B)'=A?+2AB +B? Sol. To prove that (A+BY'=A?+2AB +B? LHS. (A+B)?=(A+B)-(A+B) fs At=A-A] = A2+AB+AB+B? [AB=BA] = A?+2AB+B? RHS. sale wun 12 40 2 cra ta aa[? H]ae[t Qpcal? Sfncana 5-2 Show that: (@) A¥@+OQ=(A+B)+C () AGC) = (AB)C (© @*+D)B = 0B +bB (@) CA) =aC 0A, () @AyT= aT () AB)E=BTAT (i) (A-B)C=AC-BC (@ (A-B)F=aT— BT © (ANT=A Sol. (a) To prove that: A+ (B+C)=(A+B)+C LHS. A+@+0)={_ i AC (1 JI [a shit 52] “LEE 3] ie a r 4 RHS.(A+B)+C (3 3) )-(f Mt 4] “Ly He salt a] “bat ‘aera Ee Hence, LHS.=RHS. A+(B+C) = (A+B) +C Hence proved. 68 & NCERT Exeue.ar Prosuens Mariewamics-Xil (®) To prove that: A(BC) = (AB)C. wees OG) _[ 1 2][8+0 o+07 1 278 0 -1 3]/2+5 0-10 “Li al =i] _ [8414 0-20) [22-20 sen 0. fs al RHS. (AB)C= IC “i: alt 2] 442 0410 0 “(ee ovis]: 2 6 17/2 ‘Ls 4] 12410 0-20] [22 -20 ~[aess Gea oa] Hence, LHS. = RHS. A(BC) = (AB)C Hence proved. (©) To prove that: (a+ 6)B = 0B +B Here, a=4 and b=-2 LHS. (a+bB= (4- alt sl at sk E a me ee ELLIE ald esata (a+)B = aB + bB Hence proved. (@) To prove that: a(C-A) = aC—aA, wae de) 3] cr bsenesel Hee Hed Marries ml 69oy paz RHS. «C-—aA= i ok 4 Al 8 of 4 8 fale 0- 8-4 8) [4 -8 444 -8-12]"|8 -20 Hence, LHS. = RHS. a(C-A) = nC - a Hence proved. 1) To prove that: (ANT= A 1 2F 1-1 [SATs o EBS [ei A i a1 raft ft 2]. way -[; 31 [i 3): RHS. Hence, (AT)T= A. (f) To prove that: (6A)! = bAT au 12) _[-2 -4f _[-2 2 LHS. @Ay' [ala a peee (tae LA2F ald FoeT poof (2 RHS. vate alt 3] =; aE 4 Hence, LHS.=RHS. (GAY! = bAT Hence proved. (@) To prove that: (AB)T = BTAT 1, 2)/4 oy Bye mason 3) 442 04107 [6 10 [6 -1 -4+3 0+15| ~|-1 15] “[10, 15 RES. mall I . i 1-1) f4+2 -443] 76 -1 -[ E 3]"[o+10 o+15}" [10 15. Hence, LHS. =RHS. (AB)' = BTAT Hence proved. 70 NCERT Exeruar Prosues Mariewancs-Xil (ti) To prove that: (A~B)C=AC-BC 12) (4.oyp2. 0 ts amen (0 SIE] Lf 1-4 2-072 0 -1-1 3-s|}1 -2 2 ai “I -6+2 024 = ~[-a-2) o+4]7 ita o 0 marco IE HEE | _[ 242 0-4]. [840 0+0 © [+243 0-6]7[2+5 0-10 _f4 4g i ‘| 1 -6}"|7 -10 [4-8 tule iI 1-7 -6+10]"|-6 4 Hence, LHS. = RHS. (A-B)C = AC-BC (0 To prove that: (A-B)T= A? BT 1 2) (4 oy xs aor [(22)-(¢ 9] _f ia we ales | -1-1 3-5] “[-2 -2] “| 2 -2 127 y4of fa -1)_f4 1 vas corel TT HEY _pi-4 rye] iE a 2-0 3-5|"| 2 -2 Hence, LHS.-RHS. (A-By" = AT_BT Hence proved. Maraces 71[cosa sing 033. IFA [as St] tenshow tat aa] SRA sin 24. cos2g Sol. Given that ani [ore #1 asing 005g ‘g. foosa sing] [ cosq sing AAA Ling oa ~sing =i coat tha gE | eee hg ea ang * [sing cosq—cosqsing sin? q+cos*q _. [ s0824 sin2q] | cos? A~sin® A= cos 2A. =sin2q cos2q] | 2sin Acos A=sin 2A Hence proved. ft asl? 2] B=[°, “lands? =-1, then show that QM A=]? )|-B=| > gfandz?=—1 ow (A+B) = AP BE 0 -x 01 sat crete A-[? “onan? 4] LHS. (A+B)P=(A+B)-(A+B) -ff -*).(0 NII -*) 90 8 [63-6 SHE OC 040 —x=1] [0+0 -x+1 a ioeuree ered oO -x+i)f[ 0 -x41 as ten 0] _forcren@tn 040 [ o+0 ore zltsa 0 Deno wa 72 NCERT Excue.ag Prostens MarrewaticsXIl Putx?=-1 (given) RHS. “(o's ak [o 2] AM+B? = AVA+B-B Ell oh alo e( a i 040 [Te Te a[-7 41 O40 I" 0400-3741 0 241 0 ce ° 2 aga} | 0 “jal 7 7 (A+B? = A? +B? 041-1 Q35. Verify that A?=Iwhen A=|4 -3 4], 3-3 4 oo1 ot Sol. Given that: A=|4 -3 4 3-3 4 0 1-170 1-1 LHS. At-A-A=|4 -3 4]/4 -3 4 3-3 4|[3 -3 4 044-3 0-343 044-4 =Jo-12+12 449-12 -4-12416 0-12412 349-12 -3-12+16 Hence, A?= lis verified. Marices B7336. Se 2 Sol. 74 @ Prove by Mathematical Induction that (A’}" = (A"), where ne N for any square matrix A. |. To prove that (A’)"= (Ary Let P(n): (A’)= (A Step 1: Putn=1,P():A’=A' whichis true forn=1 (From step 2) = (aky ‘The given statement is true for P(K+1) whenever it is true for P(K), where K ¢ N. . Find inverse, by elementary row operations (if possible), of RHS. the following matrices. of] (Let 1 -3 26 lal = 1x7-(-5)x3=7415=2220 So, Ais invertible, Let AIA 13] fo -5 A-[ Hi ROR +R, - Papo, ° 51 RoOZR is) f2 0 aa [° -|s 214 lnm, R, 9 R,-3Ry 78 10a B - EEE 2 2. NCERT Exeevan Prostens Matiemarics-XIl 4 n=3 412/22 2 alte So ase Ba | 35 : DZ ? 1 3)a]7 = Hens, inves | reals | ; Sey (i Let A lee IAl = 1x6~(-8) (-2)-6-6=0 IAI = 050A isnot invertible. a | isnot possible. Hence, inverse of [st 2 id the values of 938. IF Ese sulle & | then Bin lues of x ys 2 and w. wy 4 |_[8 w Sol. Given hat |, styl | Equating the corresponding elements, ay=8,w=42+6-0 = 2=-6,x+y~6 Now, solving x+y =6 and xy=8 ‘From eqn. ( yn6-x Putting the value of y in eqn. (i) we get, x(6-x)=8 > 6x-37=8 => -6r+8=-0 = 2 -4r-2x+8=0 = x(x 4)-2(r-4)=0 > (x4) (x-2)=0 “x= 4,2 From eqn. (ii, y=2,4. Hence, x=40r2, y=2or 4, z=—6 and w=4, oo. a-[ jenae-[7 2), finda matric € such that 3A+5B + 2C is a mull matrix. Sol. Order of matrices A and B is 22. ‘+ Order of matrix C must be 22. Marries ml 75fab Let e-[8 ‘] ot ee ee I “a ab aes wp [248420 1545425 21+35+2¢ 36+40+2¢ [48428 20426) fo 0 56+2¢ 76+24|~|0 0. Equating the corresponding elements, we get, 4842060 = 20=-48 = a=-24 20+2b=0 = 2=-20 = b=-10 56+20=0 = 2c=-56 = c==28 76+2d=0 => 2d=-76 = d=-38 24 =10 fw ee 40. ta} ah then find A? ~5A~141. Hence, find A. Sol. Given that: a-[2 3] 3. -5]f 3 -5 ~42l|-4 2 _[ 9420. -15-10)_ [29-25 -12-8 2044 | |-20- 24 29-25 3-5] )f1 0 A2-5A~ tar = a Is wee 3 S42 Se J 29-25) [ 15-25] [14 0” 20 24] "[-20, 10) [0 14 76 @ NCERT Exeuuar Prostes Mariewanics-Xil AAA» a -25 3B 24 29-29 -25+25) [0.0 =20+20 24-24|"|0 0 Hence, A?-5A-141=0) ‘Now, multiplying both sides by A, we get, A2.A-5A.A- MIA = OA =) AS=5A7- UA =0 => Ad SATA ate hic Ae og ltt M5 ~125) 7 42--70 : pi le 2 145442 125-70] [ 187 - 195 a Re 120+28, ste al 187 ol oe Hence, A’ [se ial Q41. Find the values of a,b, ¢ and d if ft of * 9p 4 ate ec dj~|-1 2d)"|e+d 3 J ab] fa 6)f 4. ase wa commas fH] flo 8 3a 3b asd 64a4b 3c 3d)” |-14e+d 2443 Equating the corresponding elements, we get, Banat =3a-a=4 0 a4 Bb=6+a+b => 3b-b-a=6 = %-a=6 VNU Be=-1+ed = 3é—c—d=—1 5 2c-d=-1 and3d=2d+3 = 3d-24=3 =9d=3 Now 2e—d=-1 Maraces ml 77= WeoBH-1 Sy 2e=3-1 = 2H? el s.a=2,b=4,c~1andd=3, (42. Find the matrix A such that asi -1 -8 -10 1 ofAs| 1-2 -5 -30 4 9 2 15 2-1 ms ci. a4 Sle ae He sen 34 1-8 -10 1-2 -5]is3x3 9 2 15 ~. Order of matrix A must be 2.3 abe LetA= Pier 2-1 gy fol 8-10 So, 1 oll J] 2-2 def. -3 4 9 2 15 M-d %h-e 2-f] [-1 -8 -10 a+0 +0 eto) =] 1-2 = -Ba+4d -3b+4e —ac+4f] | 9 2215. Equating the corresponding elements, we get, Qa-d=-landa=1 = 2x1-d=-1 >d=2+15d=3 2b—e=—Band b=—2= 2-2)—e= -8 -4-e=-8 send 2c~f=-1and e=-5=9 2-5) ~f=-10=-10-f+—10 =f-0 a=1,b=-2,c=-5,d=3,e=4andfe0 1-2 75 Hence, ae lp sare 1 2 a oa wac{! 2} nuance 78 Mi NCERT Exeupvar Prosues Mariewanics-XIl v2 Sol. Given that: a-[f ‘| woaac[? 2] 2)ofite 242) 79 « Ta ale to [444 841] 18 9. Meoae= [2 “Vea! Zler|t © 2 8 9f*7]a a]*7]o 1 -[? 41,f2 4].[7 9 8 9}*ls 2|*|o 7 94247 44440) [18 8 ~ |[g+8+0 94247 le sa] 3 fis 8 vince A200 [I cos sin ot re Qe EAH ee cong,|) and Act =A find value of a. Sol. Here, A cosa sin ‘| Given that: sby A [eAatay ft OP af cose sinar]fcos a —sin o 01) |+sina cosa || sina cosa. 10 cosa+sin?a sin acosa + sinecosa: me [3 ‘]- -sinacosa+cosasina —sin?a+cos*a 1 0] _f1 0 = ea oa} lo Hence, itis true for all values of a. oa 8 5. oem i b e| isa skew symmetric matrix, find the ¢ 10 values of a, b and c, Mareces ml 79)oa 3 ng oF cl Sol. Let A=|2 b -1/A’=|@ b 1 cl 0 3-1 0, For skew symmetric mattix, A’=— A. 0 2c] foa 3 a 6 1)=-|2 b.-1 3-10} |e1 0, 0 26¢ 0-2 -3 = ab if=|-2 -b 1 3-10} [-c -1 0, ‘Equating the corresponding elements, we get a=-2,b=-b + Wr0 = b=Oande=-3 Hence, a=- 2, b=0 and c=—3. cos sinx 46. were =| Sy) en show tat PE)PY)=Pee+y)=PY)PA) Sol. Given that: sinx cos x =) [Replacing x by 3 sinx]] cosy. siny oeel-any au _f cosreosy-sinxsiny * peerrear —sin xsiny+cosxcosy, cos (x+y) sin (x+y) Soci casi = Party) Now cosy siny][ cosy. sinx roneey= [Se y el ~sinx S13} cosxcosy-sinxsiny — sin xeosy +cosxsiny ~cosxsiny—cosysinx ~sin xsiny+cosxcosy 80 ml NCERT Excurvar Prostens Mariemanics-XIl Sees | -[ cos (x+y) eee ~sin(x+y) cos(x+y) = Piety) Hence, P(a)-P(y) = P(r +y) = Ply).P(x). Q47, If A is a square matrix such that A? = A, show that (ray =7A4T. Sol. To show that: (I+ A)*=7A +1 LHS. (+A)=P+A?+3FA +314? 31+ A2A+3IA+3IA2 ST+AASSIASIA [rv At=A] S14 A +3IA+31A : SIFA+3IA+314, [eat=A] SI+A+3A43A 37A+1 RHS, LHS.=RHS. Hence, Proved. 048, If A and B are square matrices of the same order and B is a skew symmetric matrix, show that A’BA is askew symmetric. Sol. Given that Bis a skew symmetric matrix «. B’=—B P= ABA Let = [(ABy =B’A)] So Hence, A’BA is a skew symmetric matrix. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Q49, IfAB=BA fot any two square matrices, proveby mathematical induction that (AB) = A"B", Sol. Let P(n) : (AB)"=A"B" Step 1: Putn=1," P(1):AB=AB (ne) Step 2: Putn=k, P(k):(ABY'=A'BY (Letitbe true for any ke N) Step 3: Put n=k+1, P(e +1): (AB) = Ale tpee? LHS. (AB)? = (AB)“AB = A'BLAB =atiBtel RHS. LHS. =RHS. Hence, if P(n) is true for P(t) then itis true for P(e +1). [from Step 2] Maraices B84050. Finds, y2itA~|2 74 3] saisies A”= An, nye 0, 2y Sol. Given that: A= yrz and A’=A7? xy Pre-multiplying both sides by A we eo AA= Aa? > AA’sT 0 zy zo x x) fioo =|x y -z|l2y y -y/=|0 10 xy eile -z 2) loo 1 a fosayt—at Payher ataytaa|= On2ytes? Paytiz at aytas? ‘Equating the corresponding elements, we get, ap+2=1 ay-2 a0 Adding (i) and (ii) we get, 6pniaypa Lays tte From egn.(), we get gperet i” 2.2 L =4(%) teeta Fee on a2e1-Ze} nig aepuiey Henn ‘Adding (i) and (i) we get, MS ee eee mee ae Hence.x= te, y= tp andz= 2. 82 M__NCERT Exewrvar Proatems MarHemanics-XIl Q51. If possible, using elementary row transformation, find the inverse ofthe following matrices. 2-13] @f2 3-3 200 -1 O)-5 “3 i] @J-1 -2 2 51 0 =3 | alls al a) tr, O13 2-13 Sol. (()Here,A=|~5 3. 1]forelementary row transformation Paes we put AsIA 2-13] [100 =3 3 1[-]o 1 ola -3 2:3]: |0°0 1 RORt 2-1 3]_f100 -3 2 4[7]1 7 ola =3 73) loo 1 ROKK 2-1 3)_[1 00 -3 2 aft} a 1ola oo -a] [1-11 ROR +R, 14h 7] 1 fod |t 0 -32 4/-[ 1 10a oo =a) [2-14 R,R,-3R, 1 Pe eee | Po! 0 -1 -17/=|-5 -2 ola 0 0 mA Skil R, OR, +Ryand Ry¥-1.R, -1 0 +10] .f-3 -1 0 g -1-17)"|-5 -2 oa aayRy PR, +10Rand R, +R, +17R, Put = -1 0 0] [7 9 -w Anda 0 -1 of =/12 15 -17/a 20-1) flo 0 ola ee De 51 0/-|0 1 ola o1 3] jooa R,9-1Rand R, 9-1. ais Qintty 100] [-7 -9 10 1 2 291 ESrat ato o 1 of=|-12 -15 a7|a 5 1 0}-|0 1 0]a 9 OL te 9 Mey xg Io foUPONa! -7 -9 0 R,OR,-5R, Hence, Ate |-12 715 17 1-1 3 3-10 4 [2 0 6 15)-|-15, 6 ola sh od fa 0 01 An|-1 -2 2 Ry > Ry-5R, aed i, ai a3 3-1 0 ss ee of sft ea a 2 ogeegy anyone [: z le ae } een a) gtd ie qed 0 1 0/7|-15 6 -5|a R)9R,-2Rand Ry > Ry +R, oo 3] |e -6 6 0 1-1) [10 -2 Bas 2 Ruth 2 SE 7 10-3] _f- = UE a Patel 01 0/"|-15 6 —5/a 2 Apo—a] Loy 0 |. 00 3 5-6 6 ROR IR, ‘ Ry > 4R, ee Meh 0-1 af=fo1 aja 10-3] _[-2 5-5 1-1-1] [po 4 01 o}|-15 6 “sla First row on LELS, contains all zeros, so the inverse of thie oye ue PE= sit given matrix A does not exist. RR +3Ry Fence, matrix A has no inverse. 100 Ss laea ay 0 fer 0 10/-|-15 6 -5]A (ii) Here, A-|51 0 aun il aa 01 3 84 NCERT Exewptar Proa.ews Martemarics-Xil Maraices 85FEL jot 0 1 ag 3/2, 0 =i, 3/2 Hence, Ate|-15 6 -5 =|-1 0 wJ--| 1 0 -12}--a 5-2 2 3/2 -1/2 0 3/2 2 «0 14 = Ww wo teats} f Jomeemtnemmems ES [Guytere 4 192, Awl? 2 52) [O° 1-3/2 a skew symmetric matrix, 2 -1 32|+|-1 0 12 Sol. We know that any square matrix can. be expressed as 5/2 3/2 2 3/2 -1/2 0 the sun of epanette and skew symmetric matrix i.e An gIAT ATH dA- Al. apa dasa and Q= HA Al ‘a 8 1) a Fae A-at izes 2T 2 4612, a te 24+2 341 1+4 1 4645 wifi Soles) a asi 142 242) “[8 3 4 wa So 2 2 52] [0 1 -3/2 A=|2 -1 32/4/-1 0 12 3/2 -Y2 0 5/2 3/2 2 2) ats 1 (OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTION: =|2 -1 32 Choose the correct answer from 5/2 3/2 2 Exercises 53 to 67. oo4 2) gee 053. The matrixP=|0 4 0 isa p-|2 -1 32|-P 400 5/2 3/2 2 (@) square matrix () diagonal matrix AsP'=P_ :.Pisasymmetricmatrix, (© unit matrix (@ None Tee A ood Now Q= 514-4’) Sol, Given thatA=|0 4 0 400 9S By) nef Bi dod wat Nasecdot2is)3 —1- 2 ‘Here number of columns and the number of rows are equal 2 TEL coz 02, ie, 3.S0, Aisa square matrix. Hence, the correct option is (a). 2-2 3-1 1-4)] ff 9 2-3 Q54, Total number of possible matrices of order 3 x 3 with each = Afi-s -a41 2e1|)-5]/-2 0 2 entry 2or Ois 2Ala-1 1-2 2-2 5-1 0, @9 on @s @ 52 Sol. Total number of possible matrices of order 3 * 3 with each 86° m NCERT Exeme.at Prostens MarHeMarics-XI_/—— fA Matrices 87entry 0 or 2=29=2°=512, Hence, the correct option is (d). ax+y 4x]_[7 7y-13 i ala acl bat ten evalu of and ys (@) x-3,y-1 @) x=2,y=3 © x2yn4 @ 273,93 r Qety 4x] _[7 7y-13 - Geena yal [ “tse | Equating the corresponding elements, we get, 3 Sol sys7-4=3 “( cot (nx) ao) il *La() we 956. If A= then AB is equal to @i wo our @ i v az [sm teen) tan-*(2) Sol. Given that: A= —| by sin™(2) cot (nx) * ~cos teen) toi(2) and B- 4 . Pi " son(2) = tana) x | NCERT Exemtar Prostems MatHemarics—XII sfens aL ime <6) awn =~) 2)-sie(Z) corny + tem) 1 mea agak vysin”tateos"!x => = tee tant x+cot'x== Fl eh] to) Lay “ge 2[0 1 2 Hence, the correct option is (). Q57. If A and B are two matrices of the order 3 x m and 3 x n, cctively and m =n, then the order of matrix (5A — 2B) is x3 3x3 (man (Ben Sol. As we know that the addition and subtraction of two matrices is only possible when they have same order. It is also given thatm =n. Order of (5A —2B) is 3« n Hence, the correct option is (A). 58. walt a then A?8 equal to of of ek) ebs or sa creat a= [0 0 11/0 1) _fo+1 0+0)_f1 0 Fo Aye = E ies [i alt H ss “all ls | ‘Hence, the correct option is (). 8. Iematric A~[opp,y where j= Tit Matrices 89then A?is equal to 28-8 @t MA @o (@) None of these -! Sol. Given that: oy Sol. Let A a . Let a 0 5 -8 tabu Ae|-5 0 -12 ay =0 82 0 mrt 0-5 8 somes = Ae] 5 0 12/=-A ane -8 -12 0 af Hl A’=-A, so Aisa skew symmetric matrix. Peo Hence, the correct option is (c). ‘0 1170 1) [o+2 0+0 Q62. If Ais a matrix of order m * 1 and B is a matrix such that AB’ Now ataa.ax| I oe vale [; i and B’Aare both defined, then order of Bis + yOlEE £0 01. @ mxm = @)nxn (nem @) men Hence, the correct option is (a) Sol. Order of matrix A= m x1 100 Let order of matrix B be KP ‘i . Order of matrix B’=P x eee E on IFAD’ is defined then the order of AB" is m«K ifn =P Oates IFB’A is defined then order of B’A is P x n when K=m (a) Identity matrix (b) symmetric matrix Now, ce tee (0) skew symmetricmatrix _(d) none of these der of B= KP 9 Oh ne Hence, the correct option is (). ol Let an oe Q63. IFA and B are matrices of same order, then (AB’ —BA’)is a O04 (@) skew symmetric matrix (b) null matrix z= +) symmetric matrix (@) unit matrix t i001 Sol. Let P=(AB’-BA’) A=lo 2 02a oo4 A’=A, so Aisa symmetric matrix, Hence, the correct option is (). 0 -5.8 Q61. Thematrix! 5 0 12/ isa -8 -2 0 (@) diagonal matrix (©) symmetric matrix ¢ (©) skew symmetric matrix (@) scalar matrix @A Q) I-A (I+A 3A Maries 91 90 Mi NCERT Exeupvar Proates Mariewancs-XIlSol. (A-1)?+(A+1)°-7A = A? P-3A%+3AP+A3+ 243A 4+3AP-7A 249+ 6AP—-7A = 28.884 6AL-7A = 2Al+6AI-7A [=] = 8AI-7A=8A-7A =A Hence, the correct option is (a). 65. For any two matrices A and B, we have (@ AB=BA (9 AB=O (@) None of the above Sol. We know that for any two matrices A and B, we may have AB=BA, AB#BA and AB=0, but it isnot always true. Hence, the correct option is (d). ration C, > C,—2C,, in the Q66. On using elementary column: following matrix equation 1-3) 71-1 EF a-[o “of eine as 1-173 -5 of el Ge 4] 1-8) fi -1 of He aE 1-5 2 [: Hl 1-8) p1 -1 2 ar Sol. Given that: E “at raft | Using C, > C;-2C,, we get 1 -8)_f1 -1773 -5 bd-G ib | Hence, the correct option is (). 67. On using elementary row operation R, -> R, ~ 3R, in the following matrix equation 92 NCERT Exevevar Prostens Maremarics-XIl Sol. Fill in the Blanks in Each of the 268... -[0 slit fh ame if i i nt i Using elementary row transformation R, +R -3Ry Gall ky] Hence, the correct option. vw matrix is both symmetric and skew symmetric matrix. ood 00 00 . Sol. Null matrix ie. [ Jef 0 is both symmetric and 269. Sol. 000 skew symmetric matrix. Sum of two skew symmetric matrices is always .. matrix. Let A and B be any two matrices + For skew symmetric matrices Aa-A’ B--B’ salting (and (if) we get A+B=-A’-B = A+B =-(A’+B'), 50 A+ Bis skew symmetric matrix. Hence, the sum of two skew symmetric matrices is always skew symmetric matrix. Maraices 93Q70. The negative of a matrix is obtained by multiplying it by Hence, negative of a matrix is obtained by multiplying it by-1. Q71. The protuct of any matrix by the scalar matrix. Sol. Let Abe any matrix 0.A=A.0-0 Hence, the product of any matrix by the scalar 0is the null matrix. Q72. A matrix which is not a square matrix is called a ... matrix. Sol. A matrix which is not a square matrix is called a rectangular matrix. 73. Matrix multiplicati Sol. Matrix multi over addition. re over addition. Let A, B (A+B)C=AC + BC Q74. IF Ais a symmetric matrix, then A?is a... Sol. Let A bea symmetric matrix AWA (ay = (A'p=a> Hence, if A is a symmetric matrix, then A® is a symmetric matrix, Q75. IFAis a skew symmetric matrix, then A?is a... Sol. If Ais a skew symmetric matrix, o Ae Hence, A? is a symmetric matrix. 76, IfAandB matrices of the same order then (is any scalar quantity) Sol. A =MA-BY=K(A’—B’) 94 B_NCERT Exewe.ar Prostens MarienanicsXil Q7. IEA is a skew symmetric, then kA 8. sensu o» (kis any, scalar) Sol. If Aisa skew symmetric matrix Ana (KAY = RA’ =A) =k Hence, KA is a skew symmetric matrix. Q78. IFA and B are symmetric matrices, then ={AB~BA) =? Hence, (AB—BA) i askew eymmetric matix (i) Let [+ (AY = KAT [+ A’=Aand B’=B] =-(QBA-AB) Hence, (BA ~ 2AB) is neither a symmetric nor a skew symmetric matrix. Ops. EAs n symmetric mati then BAB is (+ (AB) =BAy : A'=Aand (B’’ = B] So, Pisa symmetric matrix Hence, B’AB is a symmetric matrix. (Q80. IFA and B are symmetric matrices of same order, then AB is,P=BA [v A’ Aand B’=B) -P ‘Hence, AB is symmetric if and only if AB= BA. Q81. In applying one or more row operations while finding A“ by elementary row operations, we obtain all zeros in one or more, then A” Sol. A* does not ‘we apply one or more row operations while finding A” by elementary row operations, obtain all zeroes in one or more rows. State (Exercises 82 to 101) which of the following statements are True or False (82. A matrix denotes a number. Sol. False. A matrix isan array of elements, numbers or functions having rows and columns. 083. Matrices of any order can be added. Sol. False. ‘The matrices having same order can only be added. (Q84. Two matrices are equal if they have same number of rows and ‘same number of columns. Sol. False. ‘The two matrices are said to be equal if their corresponding, elements are same. (Q85. Matrices of different orders can not be subtracted. Sol. True. For addition and subtraction, the order of the two matrices should be same. 86. Matrix addition is associative as well as commutative. Sol. True. IA, B and C are the matrices of addition then A+(B+C)=(A+B)+C AtB=B+A Q87. Matrix multiplication is commutative. Sol. False. Since AB + BA if AB and BA are well defined. (88. A square matrix where every element is unity is called an identity matrix. Sol. False. (associative) (commutative) 96 i NCERT Exeue.an Prostens Marrewarics-Xil Since, in identity matrix all the elements of principal diagonal are unity rest are zero. 10.0 eg. A=lo.1 0]=1, 001 (Q89. If A and B are two square matrices of the same order, then AtB=B+A. Sol. True. If A and B are square matrices then their addition is commutative iz, A+B=B+A. Q90. IFA and B are two matrices of the same order, then A~ B= BUA. Sol. False. Since subtraction of any two matrices of the same order is not commutative ie, A~B#B-A. Q91, If matrix AB=O, then A =O or B=0 or both A and B are null matrices. Sol. False. Since for any two non-zero matrices A and B, we may get =0. 92. ‘Transpose of a column matrix is a column matrix. Sol. False. ‘Transpose of a column matrix is a row matrix. eg, A= (i A= [2 3°5],5 5 1 Q93. If A and B are two square matrices of the same order, then AB=BA. Sol. False For two square matrices A and B, ABBA is not always true (294, If each of the three matrices ofthe same order are symmetric, then their sum is a symmetric matrix. Sol. ‘True. Let A, Band Ce three matrices ofthe same order. Given that A’=A, B’=B and C’=C Tet 5 So, A+B +Cis also a symmetric matrix. Q95. If A and B are any two matrices of the same order, then (ABy=A'B. Marrices = 97Sol. False. Since (AB)'=B’A’. (96. If (AB)’ ~ B‘A’, where A and B are not square matrices, then number of rows in A is equal to number of columns in Band number of columns in A is equal to number of rows in B. Sol. True. Let A= [dylan and B= [gly ng AB is defined when n =P er ‘Order of AB = m xq = Order of (AB) = qxm ‘Order of B’ is q* p and order of A’ is nm +. BYA’is defined when P =x and the order of BYA’ is q * m Hence, order of (AB)'= Order of B'A’ ie, q* m. (Q97. IFA, Band Care square matrices of same order, then AB= AC always implies that B=C. Sol. False. “fi 0} , fo 0 00 ueta-[5 o)2-[2 olaer[3 Hi apf OT? eye ° 0 olf2 of@[o o ace ft O]f0 o_o 0 0 offs 4f-|o 0. Here AB=AC=0 but BC. (Q98. AA’ is always a symmetric matrix of any matrix A. Sol. True. Let [(ABY = B’A] So, P is symmetric matrix. ‘Hence, AA’ is always a symmetric matrix, hi 23 aso. 1a=(> > ~*) anaB=|4 | thenABandBAaredefined 142 ae and equal. Sol. False 98 @ NCERT Exewevar Proatens Mariemarics-XiIl 2 (9381/8x8 aBe li 4 2 (lt 5 ed _[4+12-2 6415-1] fia 20" 2416+4 342042] " [22 25 BA is also defined. 23 BA=|4 5 [i i 4] 2 44+3 6412 -24+6] [7 18 £ =/845 12420 -4410)=|13 32 6 441 644 -242] 15 10 0 So ABs BA- Q100. If Aisa skew symmetric matrix, then A” is a symmetric matrix. Sol. True. (y= ay, = EAP [e A'=-ap =a So, Ais a symmetric matrix. Q101. (ABy*=A™B' where Aand Bare invertiblematrices satisfying sor, somutotive propery with respective to multiplication IfAand B are invertible matrices ofthe same order way? [- AB=BA] But 54 [Given] : @ayt= Bat So Att = BAT + Aand B satisfy commutative property w.rt. multiplication. aoa Mareices ml 99)