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    GRADE 12

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    5 views11 pages

    Chapter 10

    Uploaded by

    lina 84
    GRADE 12

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 11
    a 27,13,2¢ Hence, the required unit vector is 5#+5 +3 *- 5-2 +]-26, find the unit vector in the 127 +6] -12k ee icresces ts (i 28-5 = 2G +7 +28 = Haj ak! 356 Unit vector in the direction of 21-0 _ tab i © [2a-3| hae aera eae pli. (Q3. Find a unit vector in the direction of P@, where P and Qhave ) and Q,3,2) (2=8)k Sea 6k Sol. Given coordinates are P 2 PO= 3-574 + Unitvector in the direction of FQ = rl _ciieajaot_-2i+3j— a n+9 +36 a Seamer ise Be Hence, the required unit vector is 2 (-: 24 + 3) — 6h). 7 Q4. If Gand B are the position vectors of A and B respectively, fn fh atin wet pt poe” LDA proces at BC=15BA. BC = 15BA = Meis-2 A 2 SEEDS 3-52 = 26-25 = 3-36 = 2% = 39-3b42b = 2 = 34-b appish. z names Hence, the required vecoris ¢ = S2=?, Q5. Using vectors, find the value of i such that the points (10,3), (1, -1, 3) and (5, 3) are collinear. Vector ALcESRA Hl 357 368 _NCERT Exewevar Prosuems Martemarics-XIl Sol. Let the given points are A(k, -10, 3), B(1,—1,3) and C(3,5,3) AB = (1-Ki+(-1+10)j +8-3)k Vaan +(3-3)k = 27 +67 +08 F = FBS = JO =2V0 +6 +10)j + (8-3)k = (3—RYF +15] + » [AC] = J@— 6? +05) = 6— mF +205 IfA, Band C are collinear, then. (x8 «8c =| (aw? +81 + JO = (8-H +205 ‘Squaring both sides, we have (arora an] - en y = (1-W? + 814404200 Am? +81 = B-K? +225 3 142 -2k41214 2000 fis 2 = 94K ~ 6k +235 > 122-2k + 2VM0 Ji? —2k+82 = 234—6k Dividing by 2, we get = 61-k+ 00 JP - 2k + 82 oe (N40 fk? - 2k +82 = VW JP 2k +82 =56-2k=3 2/0 fi? — 2k +82 = 55-26 be Vi0 Jk? — 2k +82 =28-k (Dividing by. Squaring both sides, we get 10(E° 2k + 82) = 784+ 12-56 =117-3k = 117-61-3k+k = 10K ~ 20k + 620 = 784 + 256k => 10P— 20k + 56k + 820-784 = 0 SP +36b+36=0 = B+ de+4=0 = (k42R=0 6. Sol. Sol. = k+280 > ka-2 Hence, the required value is k=-2 ‘A vector F is inclined at equal angles to the three axes, Ifthe magnitude of 7 is 2V3 units, find F. Since, the vector * makes equal angles with the axes, their direction cosines should be same ot I=m=n ‘We know that 1 a=. =. bitoni ener . Avector 7 Tes magnitude Idand diction raos 2,3 and = -6. Find the direction cosines and components of 7, given that F ‘makes an acute angle with x-axis. Let @,bandé be three vectors such that 7=2k,b=3k and F=-6k IE], mand mare the direction cosines of vector 7, then joka k i147 m= © 23k and) n= ii We know that ? +m? +1? =1 9K oR Ring Oi SE =i 49 "196 * 49 2 wo (AAO +6 oy gst ios = Pan iT b k=22 and 12 4-2 75 3k _3x2_3 3k -3x2_-6 ey Fa a Siping stag, pa af234 338% Fag (2 753 us: 4G pe 74) VecToRALGEaRA I 359 Find a vector of magnitude 6 which is 43k. Hence, the required vector is -2 (Q9. Find the angle between the vectors Gol. Let @=2i-j+kandb=3)+4j-k and let @ be the angle between @ and b. ab _@-j+0-@844j-A) cosO* Tall] | a+ie1- Or ler onda et ed © V6 26 23-Vis 239 siggrawal ~ bxato+bxe-0 a = —@xb)+bxE=0 Bxt=axb According to figure, we have Area of parallelogram ABCD is, = axb=bxe=txa, (QU. Find the sine of the angle between the vectors a= 31 +} +28 and b= 2? = (EF GTE = Sis? = JeAxS -85 ll = a? +0)? +@)? = or Te4 = vie |i] = Jor + C2 +? = fete = v= laxd|_ a. Vit 26 sin@= 2 r * Ver" 2a 7 Hence, sino= Fe : Q12..If A, B, C, D are the points with position vectors 7 2i-j+3k, 21-38, 3f-2)-+é, respectively, find the projection of ABalong CD. 144416 21 Siar Hence, the required projection = JT. Q13. Using vectors, find the area of the triangle ABC with vertices ACL 2,3), B@,-1, 4) and C(4, 5,=1). Sol. Given that A(1, 2, 3), B(2,-1, 4) and C(4, 5, -1) 362. Ml NCERT Exeupcar Prostems Marenarics-XIl AB =(2-1)i + (1-2) +(4-3)k ro AC=(4 (-1-3)k =37 +3j7-46 ‘Area of AABC = Z|ABxAC|~1]1 fH 2 a 7B 3-4 = 7la2-3)-j-4-3) +3 +9)) = Api+7j+sil = erate - 3 TFA eT = 3 Va7t Hence, the required area is a (Q14. Using vectors, prove that the parallelogram on the same base and between the same parallels, are equal in area, Sol. Let ABCD and ABFE be two parallelograms on the same base ‘AB and between same parallel lines AB and DF. F Pree Q15. Prove that in any triangle ABC, cosA = be? Where 4,, Care the magnitudes of the sides opposite to the vertices Vector Aicesra ml 363 A,B, Crespectively. ‘ Sol. Here, in the given figure, the XS components of care ccos A ‘ andesin A. 2 | CD = b=ccek N. IRAHDG } ks Ax Ee Deja emsA— FA = = (b—ccosAY+(csin AP = @ = BYE cost A—2e cos A+ 2 sin? A = as H peo ta ‘A)=2be cos A = —2becosA => 2becosA=P+2—@ Q16. If a,b and determine the vertices of a triangle, show that fibxevexa+axd] gives the vector area of the triangle. Hence deduce the condition that the three points a, andé are collinear. Also, find the unit vector normal to the plane of the triangle. Sol. Since, #, and? are the vertices of AABC P KB = 6-4,BC=7-5 and AC =-a 4. Area of AABC = 3|ABxAC| Lie. x B a a| laxb+5xz+exal =0 which is the condition of collinearity of @, b and. 364M NCERT Exevecar Prosiews Matieuarics—XIl Let fi be the unit vector normal to the plane of the AABC 4 ABXAC [aBxac] axbsbxtvexa = eo laxb+bxe+2xal Q17. Show at erat earns diagonals are given find the area of the snare ros dager 2i-j+kandi +3) - Sol. Let ABCD be a parallelogram such that, AB = p,AD=9=BC ++ by law of triangle, we get 1sb-9) = (24) Subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. () we get 2 xg = LG +5)x@ Hx A xd —axb+bxa—-FxB) = deaxisixa x x 1m S68 bei =te xB 40x5) = 3.2@xB) = So, the area ofthe parallelogram ABCD = peas Now area of parallelogram whose diagonals are 2i—j+h 3 ai —j+hxG+3j-h i ne VecroR ALcEsRA Sl 365 +OP LCP -}. [BOD = 4G sq. units Hene the required areas + Jes ‘units, (On comparing the like terms, we get 7G =0 gral and args Now fora =3 Ot Jeb Gite +o -3 and (of) we get 6,426, =3 peeeeet ‘Adding 3c =2 2 qn? G-m20 = G-250 366 NCERT Exeme.ar Prostens Mariewarics—XIl (-2-1)+£6+| = 1-2? + 334-78 3 i xt=b Hence, = ite ~e)-jley 4+ He, 4) =F -F (io) 2 an5 Now — g-e=-1 => Begent [OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTI Exercises from 19 to 33 (McQ). Q19. The vector in the direction of the vector: 72] +26 that has ‘magnitude 9 is +2 fF afeat F_apaak 2 fieara Hence, the correct option is (c) 20, The position vector of the point whi. (vi) Points 21 —3b and a+6 in the ratio3: 1is 34-26 yy 7a-8b a Si / (a by a @ = @ =o Bee @® | Sol. The given rs are 27-36 and @ +b and the ratio is 3:1. 2 The vector of the required point c which divides | the join of iven vectors @ and bis OS Vector ALceaRA mm 967 = 2424320 _ 1: @a-3b) +345) _ 29-35 + 34430 a is Zeina AOS: 2! 341 4 2 Hence, the correct option is (i) = ata Q24. The value of A for which the vectors 31-6]+é and 2/—4j+ak Hi ashen optioiol, ? are. ee is Q21. The vector having initial and tefminal points as (2, 5, 0) and w2 Bs a 2 (3,7, 4), respectively is a 3 23 9.2 5 (@) -7+12j+48 () Si+2j-4k Sol. Let @ = 3-6) +k (© -Si+2)+4k @ i+jrk | b= 2-ajank Sol. Let A and B be two points whose coordinates are given as Since the given vectors are parallel, ». Angle between them is 0° BE Dedede ® AB ~ (-3-29 +(7-5)j +(4-O = BB = ~5i +2) 4k Hence, the correct option is(@). (022, The angle between two vectors di and B with magnitudes 3 and 4 respectively and @-5 =2V3 is so #6 - [Al|6|cos0 = (3i-6)-+i)-(@i—4j +ak) = [ai 6) flat —4j + af] 642440 = 043641 4416407 30+ = 46. 20407 = % x Sn Squaring both sides, we get ence Ge Mig OOS ee eae Sol. Here, given that |al= v3, ||=4anda-b = 23 = 900 +22 + 60R = 920 +4632 2 From scalar product, we know that 3 92—a6n2+ 60h. +900.900 <0 it = 4522+ 60-20 = 0 = 92 —12.+4=0 : a @A-2P = 0 : = = Sh-2=0 7 he? 7 E el ‘Hence, the correct option is (b). - Alternate method: Sse aed eh Uta elias 2 21+ +k and Let = ai taj tak and 5 = bi +b] +bye 5 =1+2] +3k are orthogonal i ae @o 1 © 3 5. po Bae Sail” Gives hdt'@ 2280993 Rana BATH OPS aR Bev isn agp iy po? ose tere Cu eeel 3 ak Tag a5 =0 Hence, the correct option is (a). 25. The vectors from origin to the points A and B are Vector ALGESRA Bl 369 = (i+ +h-G+2]+38 = 968 M NCERT Exewevar Prostens Matuemarics~Xil, @=2f-3]+2k and 5=27+37+k respectively, then the area of AOAB is equal to oz. a|=10,|6|=2 anaa-5=12, then value of |x| is © 30 4B Bw) ND SS dima ne eeane Sol. Let O be the origin i Sol. Given that |] = 10, and a-5=12 x OK = 21-3] +28 4-5 = lallélcose and OB = 2i+aj+k < = 12=10-2- cos 1217.3. a staan ono «2 ae - % eel 5. sin 9 = fi cos?0 revcaeie=pane8| = sin@ = j/1- = sine= p-2 aed re ee ne Now axl = [i Jeno = Hest ea} «ani = ; 99? + (2)? +02)" i 5 [air 414d = 3 909 = 10-2. $a16 “Baninte caret @,. (026. For any vector @, the value of (xi)? + (ax j)? +(ax hy is ‘Hence, the correc options (4). @r @ 3a (Q 4a? (@) 2a 028. Pits veitbed di 4]4 287495 -£ and af —] +28 ave coplanar Sol. Let Ge ai +azj task aes 2 @MA=0 OAK Ww AeH1 B mapa dra Sol. Let fen feet Now, Gxt = (qf taj +ask)x? b= isaj- |x t b= 2f- Cyae ym a If, and? are coplanar, then 10 0 i a 4x2) =0 =0)—jO~a) + 0-93) = ag) ag aA 43 Sor a aa Byatt inky Soak + oF @xIP = (gj -agh)- (aj —egh) 2 12 =i=0 Similarly Gxip = abe 7 ree fa xb? sat +d pan Y-1+2)+2¢-1-21) =0 : PA An2- GMP Gx PP Gk? = Gah ah +08 tah +h om ara tr pare = (03 + 3 +03) =207 s +n 0a yeo ‘Hence, the correct option is (d). 0 - A=-2 or B-2-2=0 ERT Exeuptar Prostevs MatHewarics-XIl 370 m NCI Vector ALGESRA Bl 374 = . 2 > as ee or 2=12V3 Hence, the correct option is ()- 029. If 5,2 are unit vectors such that @+5+2=0, then the value of @-b+b-c +é- the correct option is 4and=352S2, then Hence, the correct option is (b). 933. The number of vectors of vectors #=27+]+2% and length perpendicular to the +his (@ one —(H) two (@) three (@) infinite Sol. The number of vectors of unit length perpendicular to vectors Hand Bis (et) B= £@xb) So, there willbe two vectors of unit length Perpendicular to vectors fi and 5 Hence, the correct option is (H). Fillin the blanks in each of the Exercises from 34 to 40. Q34. The vector +5 bisects the angle between the non-collinear vectors # and & if_____ Sol. Ifvector 7 +i bisects the angle between non-collinear vectors @ and 5 then the angle between 7+ and @ is equal to the angle between ii +b and b. @@+i) _4-@+b) So, cos = iallesal” Tae + 2G + Hence, the correct option is (). Q30. The projection vector of @ on b 0 (ia) © er Sol. The projection vector of on 5 Hence, the correct option is (0) Q31. If @, 5,7 are three vectors such that @+5+2=0 and |a|=2] 5, then the value of #-5+5-2+2- @-9 @ 38 @+b+2)-@+b+e=0-0 =0 lated bea csb-as|of +5-c+e-a+2-6 +/ef 0 ie ja? [op +lel 20-6 +25-2-+28-a 0 From eq, ()) and eq. (if) we get, 372 H NCERT Exewerar Prosems MatHenarics-Xll Vector Auceara M373 Now since faeda is parallel to 7 ict Die k-th, may % become null vector and seen itil not be al id Hence, the requized filler i a5. ath 24 B pale When. «a= 11) and keh. Q35. If 7-#=0,7-b=OandF-2=0 for some non-zero vector F, ‘Hence, the required value of ke Guy Q38. The value of the expression JaxéP Sol. fax al' +@-5F = (alfB|sin then the value of @-(6 x@) is______. Sol. IfF is anon-zero vector, then a, 5 and @ can be in the same plane. Since angles between @, and ¢ are zero ie. 00 a-Gx2)=0 alue is 0. 2] +2k and 6=—i—26 are the adjacent sides ofa paralelogram. Teacuteanglebetweenitsdiagonas 036. er Sol. ja|=4, then |6| is equal to 2 O24 F Hence the value of required filler is =, Hence, the value of the filler is 3. i 40. TF a is Net ep (37. The values of for which |ki|<[a] and oda jo parol MN cauate OOO then FED +G-HE 4 holds true are . Sol. Let Sol. Given that [Ja] <|a]and ki +17 is parallel to @ ES 2 [eal <|a] = |e||a|

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