tis zero 11 Three Dimensional eB Geometry 41.3 EXERCISE, 1 (SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Qu. Sol. a Sol. Find the position vector of a point A in space such that OA is Inclined 460" to OX and at 4 to OY ana [OAl= 10 units Let o.= 60°, B= 45° and the angle inclined to OZ axis be y ‘We know that cos? 0+ cos? B+ costy= 1 => cos? 60° + cos? 45° + cos?y = 1 EA gh teas Lig gga, = eG) retest = gepterrs 3 eta dye Sah > preety et = cotys today ee a a cosy= $3 = cosy= 5 (Rejecting cos y= -4, since y<90") qrotiopcn(lgy 19, be de, don te = (OAI(Si + i+ 5k) = 10( ai +spi +5! OK = [Oi (3+ pitti) (i+ i+ th) = 514 5V3j+5k Hence, the position vector of A is (5! + 5v2j +58). Find the vector equation of the line which is parallel to the vector 3/-2]+6k and which passes through the point (1,-2.3). ‘We know that the equation of line is F = a+b Here, f= 7-2} +38 and 6 = 37-2} +6% Equation of lineis'? = (7-2) +38) +A@3?-2) +68) Sool yj +28) = @-2} +30 +A! -2) +68) (xi + yj +28) —@— 2] +38) = 467-2] +68) (x=) +(y +2) + (@-3)k = MBF -2) +68) Hence, the required equation is (x-Di + (y +29] +(z 3k = MGI - 27 +68) 3mTQs. Sol. Show that the lines ad - a and 245151» intersect. Ale, find thei point of intersection, ‘The given equations are 2 3 4 5 pe | y-2_2-3_ Let a aan “=2A+1,y=3h+2andz=44+3 and o4 gale y 5 e.x=Sut4 y= 2u+landz=p IF the two lines intersect each other at one point, then 2A+1=5u+4 = 2-5p=3 Sh42= +1 = SA-Bn=-1 and 44+3=" > AA-p--3 Solving eqns. () and (ii) we get 2-5u=3 [multiply by 3) Sh=21==1 [multiply by 2) 36h -1n = 9 oh ay = = Poshact Now putting the value of i. and jin eq, (i) then AC1)-¢ 73, ~4+1=-3 —3 = ~3 (satisfied) + Coordinates of the point of intersection are x~5CI)+4=-544—0-1 y=2C1)+1=-2412-1 ze-1 Hence, the given lines intersect each other at (— 1, -1, —1). Alternately: If two lines intersect each other at 4 point, then the shortest distance between For this we will use SD = 378 G_NCERT Exewevar Proatens Mateuanics—Xll Gk+A2i+j+28) and w(6i +3) +28, Q4. Find the angle betwe = < ou JRE fer9ed BJ 3.7 72 (8) on ew Hence, the required angle is cos '( 5 Q5. Prove that the line through A(0,~1,~ 1) and B(4, 5, 1) intersects the line through C@, 9, 4) and D¢ Sol. Given points are CG, 9;4) and D¢ Cartesian form of equation AB is 220 Cyt 241 ox ytd 24d 4-0 88R1G TEE ANS 6 SVI2 7 y and its vector form is 7 = (-j—)+A(4l +6] +28) Similarly, equation of CD is x-3y=9 2-4 and its vector form is # Now here = ~j- ‘THREE Dimension, Geowerry 379Hence, the required equation of plane is Bi x6,] = tao)? +(-14)* + 22)? xty+22=19. or 7(+]+28) =19. 4 a Q8. Find the equation of a plane which is at a distance 3V5 units (100+ 196 F484 = W780 from origin and the normal fo which is equally inclined to (i + 10} + 5h) (107 - 14] + 228) coordinate axis. BPE Eee. Sol. Since, the normal to the plane is equally inclined to the axes +. cos 0-= cos B= cosy t Seer Ao = cos? o.+ cos? a+ cos? a = 1 E 780 1 Hence; the two lines intersect each other. *. profiad =e -eosel Q6. Prove that the lines x= py-+q, z=ry+sandx=p'y+q, = 008 & = cos = cos y= =r y+8 are perpendicular, if pp! +17’ +1=0 B aad So,thenormalis N= Lise} tk - Sol. Given that: septa yt >, the normal is Bit gite rn vay eciGane= < Equation of the plane the equation becomes: a = 221 LE" in which ratios area; Asse lee P r (Ze jek % Bo Similarly xepytd = yo = ee = 33 vy gifdvaluentg int and zeryts yet! = ($i pi!) “38 the equation becomes B 7p les thbhe ae ie ares P i+ yj + 2h) a +f +k) = SVB Fat EF ynichaeysbyalel aise. Be+j+h oe sig ee at a Bas = xtytz- N88 = xtysz=9 rece peppers icone ‘Hence, the required equation of plane isx+y+z=9. mae eT (9, IF the line drawn from the point (= 2,~1, ~3) meets a plane Hance, poo indiana 8 oksab neath eh find the equation of the Q7. Find the equation of a plane w! sependicularly AT Sg the line joining the points AQ, 3 Fight angles. ea} pieces se eee ge bese Sol. Given that A(2, 3, 4) and B(4, 5, tt . : Equation of plane passing through one point (* is 2 Coordinates of mid-point Care (224,34, 42) 3,49 Jy a) tee) 0 ‘Now direction ratios of the normal to the plane a ae ae -0 = direction ratios of AB gee ea Bane?) = x—2y +62-27=0 = 3x—2y+62=27 Equation of the plane is x Hence, the required equation is 3x - 2y +62 =27. He Lay SH) Fee a = 0! Q10. Find the equation of the plane passing through the points = +2(y-4) + 4(2—6) = 0 @,1,0),8, -2, -2)and @,1,7). ss 6+2y-8+42-24=0 Sol. the equation of the plane passing through the points = Det 2ytdz=38 > x+y +22=19 (ye Yue Z1)- Cha Yor 2) and (Yo 25) 18 380 Bl NCERT Exenecar Prosieus Marienarics-XIl Tones Demunenan(Geoneray, M38Sol. em yh 2% fs Bon BH] =0 Pema yaa 34 e-2 y-1 2-0 xo2 y-1 =|3-2 -2-1 -2-0/-05] 1. -3 3-2 1-1 7-0 1 0 = af 27H yaa Auk -4 0 07 h7**n. 3 &-2)C-21)=y-17 +2) +28) = 0 = =21(x-2)- Hy 1) +32 = 0 = =21x+42~9y +9432 = 0 > ~2x-9y+32+51=0=9 7x +3y—2-17 80 Hence, the required equation is 7x + 3y—z~17=0, Find the equations of two lines through the origin which x73 _y-3_z zx Asa Tat at angles of F each. Any point on the given line y is intersect the line =a Loa xe NHB yersd and z= Letitbe the coordinates ofP «. Direction ratios of OP ws are (24+3~0), %+3-0) and (L~0) = 2443,0+3,0, But the direction ratios of the line PQ are 2, 1, 1 Ay + byby + C40 a BRHO4A43ED, 2 V6.4 494120 94 OL EN? ve ORD CRED 2" Jaz eieie Vee eons 362 NCERT Exeweiar Pros.ens MaTHeMarics-XIl Qn. (2K +3) 32K+3) 6 ~ ie =3- 2 VM +3043 eee 3he3 2h+3 > qs = P5438 = 243 eras = P4BAHS = 42 94122, (Squaring both sides) = SR+N+6=0 = +SAH2=0 = Q+DA+2)=0 f ha-12--2 <: Direction ratios are [2(- 1) +3,-1+3,—l] ie, 1,2,—1 when A=~1and [-2)+3,-2+3,-2] ie,—1,1,—2 when h=-2. Hence, the required equations are j 1 Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines are given by the equations + m-+n=0 and P+ m?—n?=0 ‘The given equations are l+men=0 i) P+nP—n=0 From equation () n=— (1+ Putting the value of n in eq, (i) we get P+ne+[-(+my] =0 => P+m?—P— m2 2m = 0 = =2im= 0 = Jin = O=9 (-m~n)nt= Of I=—m=n] = (n+ nym = 0 > m= 0 orm=—n = 1=0orl=-n -. Direction cosines of the two lines are Q=n,n and -n,0,1 = 0,-1,1 and -1,0,1 wos iRi+Bcisoi+o | oy 1 [yr sae ear x2 2 : 0-5 Hence, the required angle is =. Ifa variable line in two adjacent postions has direction cosines |, m, wand 1+ 8), m+ Sm, n+ 6n, show that the small angle 80 between the two p is given by 86¢= 89 + d+ n°, Given that , m, and | +8), m+ 8m, 1 + 81, are the direction, cosines of a variable line in two positions ‘ Pentti =1 A) ‘THRee Duvensionat GeoweTrY = 383and (+802 + (m+ 8m) (n+ n= 1 a Bee DLN Si Om 2+ 52+ DnB =1 S Gent s+ 2(L81 + m.B+ nbn) = 1 B14 G+ Br? + 52) +2081 mbm + 1.81) =1 181+ mdm + n= —5(6P + Bu? +B) Let and be heunit et alngaine with cosines = = = = cos =1-F(62 + Bn? +8 aie 0530 = 5" +? +5 eo2sin? 2» Las on? +80") apa chee Dat a, 2 Pisverysmallso, 60) 2462 50 _ 30 = 4(8) = BP B+ an = (602 =8F + bn? + bn? Hence proved. Q14. Os the origin and A is (a,b, ¢). Find the direction cosines of the line OA and the equation of plane through Aat right angle toOA. Sol. We have A(a, b, c) and O(0, 0, 0) « direction ratios of OA = a~0,b-0,c~0 abc «direction cosines of line OA a Mae ‘Now direction ratios ofthe normal to the plane are 2 Equation of the plane passing through the point a(x a) +b(y—b) + c(2—c) = 0 384 NCERT Exewevar Proateus Martemarics-XIl = ax-a+by-B+e2-2=0 artbyscr=@4 be Hence, the required equation is ax + by + cz = a+ B+ <2 Q15. Two systems of rectangular axis have the same ori plane cuts them at distances a,b, ¢ and a,b, ¢ res from the origin, prove that at S gets. z Sol. Let OX, OY, OZ and or, oy, oz be two rectangular systems ++ Equations of two planes are xy Ze and = Bede i GrSe1 and Se Fe Far (i) Length of perpendicular from origin to plane 5 —8) to the 16. Find the foot of, a the point F ez line Sete 7 Also, find the perpendicular distance from the given point to the line, j 4a 1 Sol, Given that: “5* = 2-1 js the equation of ine ae ee ie ase or ae +. Coordinates of any point Q on the line are xa=2h+4, y= 6hand2=—3h+1 THREE DimeNsionaL GzoweTRy 385and the given point is PQ, 3,—8) Direction ratios of PO are ~ 24+ 4-2, 64-3,-3A+1+8 ie, -2h+2, 64-3, ~3h49 and the D’ratios of the given line are ~2, 6, -3. So, the equation of the line passing through ( Whose d'ratios are equal to the d'ratios of the nor normal to the IFPQ Line as then ~2(-22.+2) + 6(61—3) -3(-34+9)= 0 21) YFE> ae. tA peo) 3 Bh9)-0 pelea 2st 272. 22 492-49=0 => A=1 a a3 + Any pointiin the plane is 21+1, 2143, auea Ss «=. The foot of the perpendicular is 2(1) + 4, 6(1), —3(1) +1 5 ie, 2,6,-2 Now, distance PQ = (2~2)" (8-6)? +(-8 +2) = 9 ¥36 = VB =3V5 Hence, the required coordinates of the foot of perpendicula are 2, 6, -2 and the required distance is 3V5 units. Q17. Find the distance of a point (2, 4,~1) from the line 2S o¥nte sce 1 Byrd, Sol. The given equation of line is EB 2 UE8 8 4 and any point PQ, 4, Let Qbe any point on the given line «. Coordinates of Q are x= 4-5, y= 44-3, 2=—9+6 ‘ratios of PQ are 4-5-2, 44-3—4,-9A+641 ie, A=7,4h—7,-9247 and the d’ratios of the line are 1, 4,-9 Tf PQ 1 line then 1Q.=7) +44A—7)—9(-9h+7)=0 2-7 +16) -28+811-63=0 Since the point lie in the plane, then 2@A+1) -2(-21+8) +4¢a.42)45-0 94h +2441—341604845-0 S2+2=90 .ae-d the coordinates of the point in the plane are 1 1),3 1 5 2f-2)41, -2f-2),3 i ( 2 - EG 2) ae (3) neared Hence, the foot of the perpendicular is (o3.0) and the 2 required length = lao +(2-3) +(2-07 Bs i = f1FT44 = V6 units Q19. Find the equations of the line passing through the, pois G0, ) and parallel tthe planes ¥+ 2y 20 and Sy -e ae Sol. Given point is (3; 0, 1) and the equation of planes are x2y=0 3y-2=0 and 4g Ae eOl ee Sioet Equation of any line | passi h,0, 1) i So, the coordinates of Qare 1-5,4%1-3,-9*1+6 ad pad, et my be weapon ie,-4,1,-3 ff aaons tice + Ab pce eae Gajem aM Direction ratios of the normal to plane () and plane (i are : : (12,0) and (0,3, ~1) = (eo +3" +2) = feroed = 9-7 Since the lit arallel to both the planes, v S La+2b+0.0=0) = a+2b+0c=0 Hence, the required distance is 7 units. Q18. Find the length and foot of perpendicular from the poi and 0a43b-1e=0 => 0.0+3b—c=0 a =b ic ( 2) to the plane 2x —2y +42 +5=0. So! ONT aa . a(i3 | 28-2, b=h,ca3h ti = int 1, =] Sol. Given plane is 2x — 2y + 42 + 5=O and given poi tis (13 So, the equation of line is Drratios of the normal to the plane are 2, -2, 4 22 wesc ~H A OR | 386 mI NCERT Excupcar Prostems MatHenaTics-Xil Thee Divesional Geoueray 387 iqHence, the required equation is <0 — 36) =P a hae a) a “i = 243 +36] 472k Be eae eee ass 2. Shortest distance, $0 = |[@2= ih x) (30 + yf + @—DR = M=2i4 +38) zi Ea (Q20.. Find the equation of the plane through the points (2, pitas ate aa and (- 1,3, 4), and perpendicular to the plane —2y + ad Sol. Equation of the plane passing through two points (x, and (ty YJ 22) with its normal’ d’ratios is ax —x) +h) +2-2))=0 oh If the plane is passing through the given points (2, 1, ~ 1) a 1.3.4) then : ‘a(t — x) +8 =n) + ee—2) = 0 = a-1-2)+b8-1)+e4+1) =0 = =30+2h-+5e = 0 atl Since the required plane is perpendicular to the given plat -2y +4210, then | oar + (86)? + (72)? 168 + 1368 — 360 ./576-* 1296+ 5184] [168 +1008) | 1176 _ | 7056 |" 34 = Aunts Hence, the required distance is 14 units. (22. Find the equation of the plane which is perpendicular to the plane 5x +3y +62+8=0.and which contains the line of intersection Of the planes x+2y+32—4=Oand 2x-+y—2+5=0. Sol. The given planes are te Spied 10 lil Py: Ser 3y+ 624850 Ph: x+2y+32—4=0 peel gh 2 By) 2eryoze5=0 “Bei s-56—2* Exuation ofthe plane passing through tein of intersection a= 18), b= 17h, c= 4h oe ‘ ‘Hence, the required plane is (e+ 2y 432-4) +AQr+y—z45)=0 (LHD + (2+ Ny + B=Az—-4 454-0 fi) Plane (i) is perpendicular to P,, then 5(L+2A) +3(2+ A) +6(3-A) = 0. 5+10A4+6+3A+18-64=0 7429=0 ‘ a2 29) 29 29 =29) wl ole Fhe P fo -P)- [ 7 Jp l2-F|y+[s+2]e-445(—2) -0 15,1530, 5 ape Fue Bea 29 = 1Br~ 15y+502-28-145-0 => ~15x—15y+502-173=0 =» SIx-+15y-502+173-0 Q23, The plane ax + by = 0 is rotated about its line of intersection E with planez=0 through an angle a. Prove that the equation of tek the plane in its: ion is - tal gat 5 PI new positions ax +by + (a? +0? tana) z=0. Sol. Given planes are: 18A(x -2) + 17My-1) 4M +1) = 0 = 18x-36+17y-17 442+ 4=0 = 18x + 17y + 42-49 = 0 (Q21. Find the shortest distance betweeh the lines given by F = (B43A),—(9-+162)) +(10 + 70)k and 7 = 15i-+297+5h + (31 +8)~5k). Sol. Given equations oflines are I F = (8 +3A)i -(9+162)j + (10+ 7k and F = 1514297 +5k+ (Gi +8) — 5k) Equation ()) can be re-written as 9j+10k+A(3F—16) +7) 9] 410k and = 157 +29] +5k = = 388 Ml NCERT Exeupcar Probtens Matewanics-XIl ‘Three Divensiona: Geonerry 389actby=0 a Goll Given plates are: 20) oi 3])-6 =0 ~6= Equation of any plane passing through the line of intersection obi as ‘ x ion a us of plane (and (i) is ~j-4h) = ey nae Pie ea = Sages eee sli) Eig ben ‘passing through the line of intersection i) is Dividing both sides by Ja? +b° +K, we get jj (x+3y—6)+KGx—y—42) =0 li) a b = k oye : Os Si + Ga ards 87 9 xt y em endicular distan righ [ertse lene re les ee a i rence «Direction cosine ofthe normal to the plane are q “Varn ele cap) a b , : 36 Veer ee [eee fear ak > T+ 649+ ok Tom? ~ + Sataring both sides) and the direction cosines of the plane (?) are 3 a Bit = Been > 26R +10-36 ae +10 lat ea fa + = 2612-26 ees Since, «is the angle between the planes () and (ii), we get Putting the value of kin eq, (ii) we get, 0+ b.D+KO (4 3y—6)# Gx~y~42) =0 005 0 = aT x +3y-6+3x-y—4z=Oand x+3y6-Sx4 y #420 Free Be jt enero Prec Hence, the required equations are: +. Mao ae 7 4e+2y—42~6= 0 and —2r+4y +42 ~6=0. \ es. t i . Show that the points (7—7+3%) and a7+}+8) are equi- ea eb distant from the plane 7.(5'+2j-78)+9=0 and lies on tO" Peer Eres opposite side of it. by +P +R cost an B+ Sol. Given points are P(i~j+3%) and Q(3i +3) +3k) and the = a cos? a+ P cos? + F cos? =a? + plane 7.(51 +2] -7%)+9=0 2 Heo asa ey eee Perpendicular distance of Pj +3) from the plane 2) eee reba-ses = Elena ee ees ake tle +e? tana 2 Putting the vale of k in eq. i) we get ax + by £ (a? +0 tan a) =O whichis the required equati reg eerie stant oF OLE lot pine! d 3]4+38). (642) 78) +9 Hence proved. Pyne. | (Q24, Find the equation of the plane through the intersection the planes. 7.7 +3})-6=0 and 7,(3/~}-48)=0, wh perpendicular distance from origin is unity. 390 M NCERT Exevevar Prostems Maraemanics-Xill “i “pss ‘Thee Diwensionat Geoverry mi 391 aHence, the two points are equidistant from the given plane. Opposite sign shows that they lie on either side of the plane. BB =3i—j +k and CD=-3i +2) +48 are two vectors. The position vectors of the points A and C are 6i +7) +4h and 9} +2k, respectively. Find the position vector of a point P ‘on the line AB and a point Q on the line CD such that PQ is perpendicular to AB and CD both. Q26. Al and CD = -3' +2] 44k So, equation of any line passing Sas C and parallel to Wis F = (9428) +n: Any point Qon CD = (-3H,—9+2p, 2+4}1) d’ratios of PQ are (+3643 7— 24 9-24 4+ 2-2-4) Xora 3 A= 2y) +12 +A—4u)=0 = 18 +9h+9u-16-+A+2+242—4n =0 = +744 00 (i) PQ is also 1 to eq, (ii), then =3(6 + 3A + 3p) + 2(16—A-2u) +42 +2 —4y) = 0 =~ 18-94-91 +32—2A— 4 +8 + 4h— Lop =0 = =7h= 291422 = 0 = TA+291-2=0 Solving eq. (iti) and (0) we get Now using = 1 in e Th+29-22=0 = A=-1 .. Position vector of P = [6 + (-1),7+1,4-1]=(,8, and position vector of Q=|[- 3(1),-9 +2(0),2+4( ‘Hence, the position vectors of P= 37+8)+3k and Q=—: 392 Bl NCERT Exenpcar Prostews Martewarics-Xil 3i-7] +6 (Q27. Show that the straight lines whose direction cosines are given by 21+2m—n=0 and m+ nl +n =0 are at right angles. Gee ab zine + nl+Im=0 Eninating ‘m from eq, () and (i) we get, Sol. [from ()] u a 2 Sree n-2r=o 5) nb 2nt=nl=2P <0 = > > nn +21) =1(n #21) =0 (n-N(n#2)=0 n2-21 and n=1 =>) 1,-2,-2and2,-1,2 IF the two lines are perpendicular to each other then 1@)-2-1)-2*2-0 242-420 are the direction cosiries of hree mutually perpen ines, prove that the line whose direction cosines are proportional to ly + Ip + ly, m, +m, * My 1m, +n, + ny makes equal angles with them. Sol. Let 4,5, andd are such that ‘THREE Dimensional Geomerry M393+ (my +m, + )] + (my +p ba) Since the given d'cosines are mutually perpendicular then my, +m = 0 Ialy+ mgs + ty = 0 ly + mm + ns = 0 Leto, Band ybe theangles between Zand d, i andd, @ and ly + Ly) + m, (mm + m, + Mig) + ny(m1, + ry +3) stim mgm, + myng 4 nf mm + ms + (gly t mgm + yt) + (Ly mm, + yn) + Igly + mym, +m + mam +n + gt = G+ md +03) + Uylt myrg + m,n) + (Ll,+myni+ mn) =1+0+0=1 + mg +s) + nln, ++ 13) ++ mgs +B yr, + nay 48 15 5) + (ils mits yrs) + (yt mgmt, +t) =140+0-1 +..€08=.c0s B= cos'y=1 => a= B= y which is the required result Mf OBJECTIVETYPE QUESTIONS Choose the correct answer from the given four options in each of the Exercises from 29 to 36. Q29. Distance of the point (o, B, 7) from y-axis is @B ltl @ Jee +y? Sol. The given poin v Any point on y-axis = (0, B, 0) s+ Required distance = (a0)? + (BB)? +(y—0* oleae Hence, the correct option is (@). 994 NCERT Exewecar Prosteus MaTieancs-XiIl Q30. If the direction cosines of a line are k, k, k, then (a) k>0. (bt) O bea Hence, the correct option sadn QSL The distance of the plane +3i-$)-1 from the origin is fj (a1 (7 O= 7 Sol. Given that: Fi+3j-$6) 91 So, the distance of the given plane from the origin is (@ None of these Hence, the correct option is (a). (Q32. The sine of the angle between the straight line E22 y-3_ 2-4 3 cata 10 es 3 Dyt2=5 d'ratios of the line are 3, 4, 5 and d'ratios of the normal to the plane are 2, -2, 1 3(2) + 4(-2) +50) an D+16+25., Hence, the correct option is (2). Q33. The reflection of the point (a, 8,7) in the xy-plane is (@) (08,0) = Q34, The area of the qua ABCD, where A(0,4,1), B(2,3-1), C(4,5,0) and D(2,6,2) is al to THREE Divensional. Geomerry 395-- angle between plane and line is 2(1) = 0) + 6(0) sin@= Lips Caste Er 9+36 7 Hence, the correct option is (c) Filin the blanks in each of the Exercises from 37 to 41. Q37. A plane passes through the points (2, 0,0), (0,3, 0) and (0, 0,4) ‘The equation of plane is Sol. Given points are (2, 0,0), (0,3, 0) and (0,0, So, the intercepts cut by the ‘on the axes are 2,3, 4 Equation of the plane (intercept form) is c, ol “oan 34) :. Area of parallelogram ABCD ~ |AB x AD| Pe of parallelo }CD = [AB x AD} PRES BME Ye ja i otata =p -1 -daici+y-je+aeiaea) = sf-6j rot irda pe Aan ce jeerzen a 23 4 Q38. The direction cosines of vector (2/ +2) —#) are . = ? +(-6)* = 3 = 81 =9: uits_ [oF = CO + OF + FF SEFIE = VAT =9 oq un Be ae Hence;the correct option is (a). Q35. The locus represented by xy +yz™0is (@) A pair of perpendicular lines A pair of parallel lines direction ratios of 7 are 2, 2,— ny ape Soythe direction oxinesare A, ae eat A pair of parallel planes s 22, Zz A pair of perpendicular planes 22-1 Boll. Given that, syeia 4 Hence, the direction cosinesof the given vector are 2, 2,1. (+2) = 5_y+4_2-6 a Saat Q39. The vector equation of theline “57 =4=" === 8 i, y=0 or x+z-0 Here y= is one plane andx +2=0is another plane. So, itisa pair of perpendicular planes. Hence, the correct option is (a). Q36. The plane 2x ~ 3y + 62 — 11 =0 makes an angle sin” (a) with svaxis, The value of a.is equal to 7 = Sol. The given equation is ExoS ytd 2-6 ABN TIES: Ec ~ 47 +6K) and § = (31-47) 42h) Equation of the line is 7 =7+bA ‘Hence, the vector tion of the given lis A 2 3 @ 2 © 2 OF Ms 7 = (6-4) +68) +0@i +7] +28) Sol. Direction Sea normal to rr, ete Lh eee OD are 2,~3,6 Direction ratios of x-axis are 1, 0; 0 Sol. Given the points (3, 4,7) and (1, ~1, 6) 396 BI NCERT Exeuptar Prostens Marienanics-Xil ‘Three Dimensional GeoverrY | 397Here @ = 37+4]-7% and 5 Equation ofthe line is 7 = =H4Ab- By + ali gta lt 5 the plane #.(91 = 4 “Beso ean } ‘Ph Ef ae 2 a Sol. Equation of line is 7 =(5'-j-48+221-7+8) and the equation of the plane is 7 9 * 6.26 a 9 a = sin = 5755 which is false. Hence, the given statement is ‘false’ QUS. The angle between the planes 7.(2/-3/+é)=1 and =4is oo '(3). Sol, The given planes are F.(2i — 3] + 8)=1 and 7, Here, 5, = 27-3] +f and 6 xty-z=2 Hence! the Cartesian equation of the plane is.x+y—z=2. State True or False for the statements in each of the Exercises from 42 to, Qa, Tibnaih gece nope ts the plane 2 +274 Se 6 = RH He Sol. Given plane is x +2y+3z-6=0 Vector normal to the plane ii =: fecah atu Hence, the given statement i (cS ase, Q43. The intercepts Tadsby ue pee ee @ = cos (&) which is false. coordinate axes are — 24, 3 Hence, the given statement is ‘false’. Sol. Equation of the plane is 2x ~ -3y+52+4=0 Qt6. The line 7 = 2-3] —k-+ (i —j-+2k) lies in the plane = ben Bys52=—4 1-(i+J- 4220 Ss sicsatce} Sol. Direction ratios of the line (7 —j +28) zy Direction ratios ofthe normal tothe plane are Gaj-h -2) 4/3 = j-8 =3-1-250 So, the required intercepts are —2, © and —4 Biel isagh shu de href oetg Hence, the given statement is ‘true’. 5 QU4. The angle between the lin: ~j-4b+0 2 -7+R and ~3j-& Ifline lies in the plane then 998 Bl NCERT Exewecar Prostens MarHewancs—XIl Three Divensional Geowetry i 399(2i-37-§.3i+7-H+2=0 63414240 So, the line does not lie in the plane. Hence, the given statement is ‘false’. xo5 ytd (47. The vector equation ofthe line ~F> i — 4] + 6F-+ GE +7] +28). Sol. The Cartesian form of the equation is 25 ytd 26 oe eer oy Here x, =5, yy) =~ 4, 2,7 6,a=3,b=7,0=2 So, the vector equation is # = (Si ~ 4] + 6h) + A(3i +7] + 2k) Hence, the given statement is ‘true Q48. Theequation ofaline, whichis parallelto 2 +7 +3k andwhich <5 4 passes through the point (6,—2, 4)is ~> we 2 Sol. Here, %=5, y,=-2,2,°4;2=2,0=1,c We know that the equation of line i = x ‘Hence, the given statement is (Q49, Ifthe foot of the perpendicular drawn fro1 theorigintoapl is (5,-3, ~2), then the equation of plane: Sol. The given equation of the plane is 7.(5i - 3) If the foot ofthe perpendicular to this, ee is 6-3, 72) ie 51-37-26 then (51-3) - 28) (67 3] - 2%) =38 = 254944 =38 38 = 38 (satisfied) ‘Hence, the given statement is ‘true’. 400 Sl NCERT Exewe.ar Prostens MarHewarics-XIl