ScienceWorld bah te al eae easy Name: PREDICT, READ, EXPLAIN Use this skills sheet fo study the article “Taking the Plunge" (p. 8). PREDICT 1. Read the article's headline andthe eubhoading (sentence immediately below it). What isthe topo ofthe article? 2. What aro two questions you have about this topio? READ 3. Road th introductory section on p. 8. How do you thnk Winter Prosapio would feel before climbing int a rtt onthe waterslide? Support your answer with evidence from the text 4, Describe how a person's potential energy and kinetic energy change as they climb to the top of the waterslide and then speed down it on a raft. EXPLAIN '5. What is one factor waterslide designers must keep in mind to create a safe ride? 8. what are two areas of science that waterslide designers must understand? What knowledge about these areas do they need? Explain how they use this knowledge to design rides. Peimission granted by Science World to reproduce for classroom ute only, 2014 by Scholastic Ine. ay 5, 2014sisheEMorié Name: WHAT A RUSH! In "Taking the Plunge" (p. &), you learned about a watorslde so extreme it's called Verrtickt, which means “insane” in German. Why do people enjoy these terrifying rides” Read this passage to discover why scary situations can give you a positive surge of energy. Then answer the questions that follow. ENERGY BOOST You've probably felt it A burst of energy while riding an extreme roller coaster or another ‘amusement park ride. That rush is the body's natural response to a threatening situation, When your brain perceives danger, it prepares your body for a fight-or-llight response. A region of your brain called the hypothalamus sends a signal to the adrenal glands on your kidneys. That causes ‘the glands to ramp up production of a stress hormone called adrenaline. This chemical, also called epinephrine, travels through the bloodstream and signals different ‘organs to go into overdrive. Your breathing rate increases and your heart pumps harder. Epinephrine algo provokes the body to start burning more sugar and fat to be used as fuel, All of these processes give your body a surge of energy so that you can better fight to protect yourself or run away. Any real or imagined situation that your brain senses as stresstul or seary—from a starling noise to a tough biology exam-—can trigger an adrenaline rush. QUESTIONS 1. The __ produce(s)_. 4, Use context clues to determine the BEST @® heart; adrenaline definition for the word provokes. @ adrenal glands; epinephrine ® stows © kicnoys; epinephrine © provenis © hypothalamus; adrenaline © causes © protects 2. Which of the following processes occurs first in an adrenaline rush? 5. Many people enjoy the feeling of an adrenaline @ The body ramps up production of adrenaline. rush and seek out situations that will rigger one. Is ® Your heat rat increases. there any danger in being a “thrill seeker"? Explain © Your body begins to burn more sugar and fat your answer, © The hypothalamus sends a signal othe adrenal glands 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? @ only true dangers can trigger an adrenaline rush. © fin adrenaline rush prepares your body to fight orrun away © A roller coaster ride may give you an adrenaline rush. © fam adronaline rush is a natural process inthe body Permission granted by Science Werld to reproduce for esssroom use only. £2018 by Seholaee Ine, may 5, 2014sisi Name: CHLORINE CLEAN In "Taking the Plunge" (p. 6), you learned about an extreme new slide ata wator park in Kansas, As a all public poco, workers at Schliterbahn, the Kansas Cty water park, need to keep the waterin the rides clean and sate or swimmers Read this passage to learn how the element chiorine keeps swimming pools eparklng. Then use complete sontenees to ance, the questions that follow. KEEPING THE WATER SPARKLING '¥ you walk toward a public pool, you'll probably recognize the telltale smell of chlorine before you see the shimmering water. But why is this element, a toric yellow-green gas in its pure form, poured into ‘swimming poole? Water is @ prime spot for bacteria to grow. If @ pool were filled with untreatod water, disease ‘causing microorganisms from people and the environment could grow out of control. Most residential ‘and public pools are kept free of dangerous bacteria with liquid solutions or powders that contain chiorine—a highly reactive element. In the water, the chlorine forms several different molecules, including hypochlorous acid (HOC!) and negatively charged hypochlorite ions (CIO-), These molecules break through the celll walls of bacteria and destroy the structures inside. Athough pure chlorine is extremely hazardous, the low levels used in poole are safe. Water suppliers often use the element to kill disease-causing bacteria in drinking water too. Sill, you shouldn't drink pool water, as i tends to have higher concentrations of chlorine that can irritate your body, QUESTIONS 1, What is the purpose of this passage? 4, How does chlorine kill bacteria? 2. What are two characteristics of chlorine described in 5. Chlorine solutions are designed to be mixed into the the tox? massive amounts of water in @ pool. Why do you think people who treat pool water should be careful when handling these ‘materials? 3. Why is pool water treated with chemicals? Permission granted by Scionco World to reproduce for class100m use on 2014 by Senolastic ne ay 5, 2016ScienceWorid WATER DRAIN? In “Taking the Plunge" (p. 8), you learned about an extreme new waterslide at a Kansas Cily water park. Some people are ‘concerned that the slippery slides and giant poole at these parks may be a waste of water. Many parts ofthe United States ‘experience frequent droughts because of shortages of fresh water. ‘But are water parks really a drain on an area's freshweter supply? Use the information below to compare a typical water ppark’s annual water usage with how much would be consumed if the land were used for other purposes. Then answer the questions that follow. Land Uso Estimated Amount of Wator (on an 11-2cre plot) ate tee ‘Consumed per Year ‘Atorth ital ling of rides, some water is lost from evaporation, eplashing ou of the rides, and maintenance procestes, Water Maier en parks have fitration systems to treat and reuse water: Water is used in areas auch a aetaurante and bathrooms. 8 milion galone ‘Water ie weed to irigete tho gress onthe Gott Course course, Waters used in areas such as 26 million gallons restaurants and bathrooms, “The average household uses 127,400 gallons cof water per year. Typical, 80 homes coule fiton an 1T-acre plot of land (a pot of land Households consume water in mary ways, ‘Similar in size to many waterparks), such as watering lawns, fushing tot, and a running sinks, showere, dishwashers, and | Whats the total water uso for an 11-acra ‘washing machines. residential area? GRAPH IT Use a septrate sheet of paper to create a bar graph showing the amount of annual water use for each type of land use. Don't forget to label the »- and y-axes, and give your graph a tie ANALYZE IT 4, What are three ways water is lost each year in a water 1. Which typo of land use utilizes the most water? park? 5. Explain the following quote based on the information in the chart: “There is a difference between having water and ‘consuming water.” 2. For an 11-acre plot of land, how much more water would be used by a residential neighborhood than by a water park? 3. Use the information in the chart to estimate how much water would be consumed by residential use on a 22-acre plot of land, MAY 5, 2014