3/7/2017

Hc phn:

SN VECNI KEO DN

Lch s pht trin cht kt dnh

C s l thuyt v cht kt dnh

Cc loi cht kt dnh tiu biu

Cc phng php x l b mt

Cng ngh kt dnh v cc yu t nh hng

kt dnh

Cc tnh cht c l ca sn v lp ph

Kim tra cht kt dnh

1
 3/7/2017

Nm Vt liu

1814 - Keo dn t xng ng vt ( c bng sng ch)

1872 - Cc loi keo c sn xut trong nc (isinglass)
1874 - Keo c u tin M
1875 - Keo mng ph g pht trin trong thng mi
1909 - Cht kt dnh thc vt t bt sn (F.G.Perkins)
1912 - Nha dn g phenolic (Baekeland-Thurlow)
1915 - Cht kt dnh g t nha albumin (Cng ty Haskelite)
1917 - Keo casein dng trong lp rp my bay
1920-1930 - S pht trin ca cht kt dnh celluose ester v nha alkyd
1927 - Cao su vng ha trong cht kt dnh (Cng ty Fischer-Goodrich)
1928 - Cht kt dnh cloropren (Cng ty McDonald-BB Chemical)
1928-1930 - Cht kt dnh t u tng (Cng ty I.F.Laucks)
1930 - Cht kt dnh nha urea - formaldehyde

2
 3/7/2017

Nm Vt liu

1930-1935 - Bng dnh nhy p c bit: nn cao su (Cng ty khai thc m Drew
Minnesota & Mfg)
1935 - Cht kt dnh nha phenolic trn phim (Cng ty Resinous Products &
Chemical)
1939 - Cht kt dnh poly (vinyl acetate) (Cng ty ha cht Carbide & Carbon)
1940 - Cht kt dnh cao su
1941 - Cht kt dnh nha melamine - formaldehyde ( Tng cng ty American
Cyanamid) v Redux de Bruyne (Cng ty Aero Research).
1942 - Cht kt dnh vng kim loi (Cng ty Saunders-Chrysler)
1943 - Cht kt dnh Resorcinol-formaldehyde (Cng ty sn xut Penn.Coal)
1944 - Cht kt dnh lin kt kim loi (Havens, Tng cng ty Consolidated Vultee-
Aircraft)
1945 - Cht kt dnh nha furane (Delmonte, Plastics Inst) V Pliobond (Cng ty
Goodyear Tire and Rubber)

Hnh 1.1: Khong nhit lm vic ti a ca cc cht kt dnh v nm ra i

3
 3/7/2017

2.1 L thuyt c hc

2.2 L thuyt in

2.3 L thuyt hp ph

2.4 L thuyt khuch tn

2.5 L thuyt khc

3 loi b mt khng ng u

a) Thm t tt b) Thm t km

S lin kt c hc gia
2 b mt

4
 3/7/2017

in tch xut hin = f(t) theo h thc:

Q = Q1 (1 1n/b )
Q1 l i lng in tch cui
n l s v tr tip xc ca cc vt th
b l thng s ca in tch, ph thuc vo thnh
phn polymer v i lng in tch ban u, i
lng ny rt nhy ngay c vi nhng thay i thnh
phn ha hc ca mu cng khng ng k hay thay
i trng thi b mt
S ph lp in tch kp khi tch mng
polymer ra khi vt liu

Lp in tch kp trn nn kim loi

bm dnh l kt qu ca s tip xc gia 2 b mt vt liu

Cc lc bm dnh l lin kt ha tr th cp hay lc Van der
Waal
Thuyt hp ph cng cho thy rng cc lc bm dnh ca hai
vt liu khng phi l i ng

5
 3/7/2017

S khuch tn a) cht kt dnh b) phn t cht nn

3.1. Cht kt dnh protein

3.2. Cht kt dnh v keo ng vt

Cht
kt dnh 3.3. Cht kt dnh nha nhit rn
tiu biu
3.4. Cht kt dnh polymer vinyl

3.5. Cht kt dnh cao su

6
 3/7/2017

3. Cc loi cht kt dnh tiu biu

3.1. Cht kt dnh protein

L cht kt dnh
lu i nht
Kh nng chng
chu vi iu kin
ngoi cnh rt thp
Ch yu dng
trong cng nghip
ch to giy, ng
dng ni tht

3. Cc loi cht kt dnh tiu biu

3.2. Cht kt dnh v keo ng vt

L loi keo lu i nht.

ng dng trong ni
tht v v kh, nhc c
Tnh cht vt l v ha
hc ph thuc vo nguyn
liu v phng php x l.
L mt loi keo thn
thin vi mi trng

7
 3/7/2017

3. Cc loi cht kt dnh tiu biu

3.4. Cht kt dnh nha nhit rn

3.3.1. Cht kt dnh nha phenolic

3.3.2. Cht kt dnh

ure- formaldehyde

3.3.3. Cht kt dnh

melamine- formaldehyde

3.3.4. Cht kt dnh polyester

khng bo ha

3.3.5. Cht kt dnh polyurethane

3. Cc loi cht kt dnh tiu biu

3.4. Cht kt dnh polymer vinyl
L nhng cht kt
dnh m polymer nn c
gc vinyl
Polyvinylester,
polyvinylacetate,
polyviny1alcohol,
polyvinylclorua
C nhiu ng dng
ch yu lm cht kt
dnh nh tng, keo
dnh nhy p

8
 3/7/2017

3. Cc loi cht kt dnh tiu biu

3.5. Cht kt dnh cao su

Thnh phn gm cht

n hi, nha dnh hay
cht bin i vi cng
dng to lin kt dnh.
C kh nng chu
nhit tt, tnh cht c l
tt
C thm cc thnh
phn n tng dnh

4. Cc phng php x l b mt

Cc phng php x l

X l vt l X l ha hc X l bng sn lt

-Tin x l -Sn lt
X l X l
X l X l anode Autophoretic
phng lp ph
plasma mi mn - Tin x l - Sn lt
Corona bin i
cathode chng n mn

9
 3/7/2017

Lm sch v x l b mt

Phng php s dng cht kt dnh

Bi cht kt dnh, c nh, sy kh,

ng cng

- Lm sch b mt (ch ra, phun ct)

- X l b mt bng phng php vt l
(ch nhm, plasma, bn corona)
- X l b mt bng phng php ha
hc (in ha, nhng bn acid hoc
baz)
- X l bng phng php sn lt

10
 3/7/2017

Immersion (Dip) Coating

Air Knife Coating

11
 3/7/2017

Gravure Coating

Curtain Coating

12
 3/7/2017

Knife-Over-Roll Coating
"Gap Coating"
Slot Die (Slot, Extrusion) Coating

13
 3/7/2017

Metering Rod
(Meyer Rod) Coating

Reverse Roll Coating

14
 3/7/2017

Kt dnh

iu kin kt Bn cht
dnh Polymer

- Khi lng phn t

- B mt vt liu - iu kin hnh thnh
- m, hi m mng keo
- Sc cng b mt - co v ng sut ni
- Hnh dng vt liu - Nhit v thi gian
- Nhit ng rn
- Kh nng chng oxi -p sut
ha v UV - Chiu dy mng keo
- nh hng ph gia

15
3/7/2017

16
 3/7/2017

Cc phng
php

o tnh cht
o ro
Th nghim sau cng (h
o bn ko
ng hng tnh
cht)

Phng Phng
Phng Phng
php cng php dao
php con lc php tr
hng trong ng cng
dao ng khng siu
dao ng bc khng
xon t do. m
cng bc cng hng

17
 3/7/2017

o mm do

cng theo vt lm

K thut
kim tra tnh cht o cng cng lc p
c l mng sn
& lp ph cng try xc

o va p

18
3/7/2017

19
 3/7/2017

Bt k chuyn ng vi m t ngt trong lp ph, v d nh

vt nt hnh thnh v pht trin, c th lm tng pht x m
thanh. Khi vt nt lan ra, nng lng bin dng c pht ra
bng hai hnh thc: nng lng nhit v nng lng m thanh

20
 3/7/2017

Kt dnh t to l kt dnh ca cc
vt th ng loi. Kt dnh t to
v thc cht l trng hp c bit
ca hai hin tng khc nhau: kt
dnh ngoi v kt dnh ni.

Kt
dnh t
to
Kt dnh ngoi
Kt dnh ni l
gy nn do cc
kt dnh ca cc
lc lin kt ca bn phn t, nguyn
cc phn t, kt dnh t trong th tch
nguyn t, nhm
ca mt vt th
hot ng ha
Kt dnh Kt dnh (nha, cao su).
hc khc nhau
ngoi ni Kt dnh gy nn
nm b mt
do cc lin kt
tip xc ca cc
ha hc.
vt th.

Cc dng ph hoi ca h thng nhiu pha (vt th A + vt th

B + cht kt dnh C): a/ kt dnh ngoi b/ kt dnh t to c/ kt
dnh ni d/ kt dnh hn hp

21
 3/7/2017

Kim tra cht kt

dnh

Cht kt dnh nh
mt hp cht ring Hiu qu kt dnh
l gia 2 b mt

Kim tra ko
Kim tra bc
cng lp kt Kim tra trt
tch lp kt
dnh lp kt dnh
dnh

Tnh bt la v nhit bt chy

Hm lng rn

Tnh cht lu bin

Cht kt dnh Tui th v phm vi nhit bo qun

nh mt hp
cht ring l
Phn loi theo sc khe v mi trng

Nhit chuyn ha thy tinh

C tnh: bn ko, modul, ng sut, bin dng

im ha mm

22
 3/7/2017

Phn tch nhit (DSC, TGA)

Phn tch ph hng ngoi (ATR, DRIFT, PAS)

Phn tch ph Raman

Phng php Phn tch ph electron cho ha hc (ESCA)

kim tra, phn tich
kt dnh Phn tch ph khi lng

Ph quang electron tia X (XPS)

Knh hin vi qut in t (SEM)

Cc phng php khc

Hiu qu kt dnh
gia 2 b mt

Kim tra ko
Kim tra bc
cng lp kt
Kim tra trt tch lp kt
dnh
lp kt dnh dnh

23
3/7/2017

24
3/7/2017

25