Do An Tot Nghiep Thiet Ke He Thong Dieu Khien Thiet Bi Dien Trong Gia Dinh Qua Ethernet Va Sms

VnDoc - Ti ti liu, vn bn php lut,
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Thit k h thng iu khin thit b in trong gia nh qua Ethernet v SMS GVHD: TS. V Vn H
MC LC
LI NI U.......................................................................................................3
CHNG 1: DN NHP.....................................................................................4
1.1 t vn ....................................................................................................4
1.2 ngha ca ti.........................................................................................5
1.3 Gii hn ti nghin cu...........................................................................6
1.4 Mc tiu nghin cu....................................................................................7
1.5 Kt qu nghin cu ca ti......................................................................8
1.6 S TNG QUAN CA H THNG...................................................9
CHNG 2: ETHERNET V H GIAO THC TCP/IP.................................12
2.1 Tng quan v Ethernet...............................................................................12
2.1.1 Cu trc khung tin Ethernet................................................................12
2.1.2 Cu trc a ch Ethernet.....................................................................12
2.1.3 Cc loi khung Ethernet......................................................................13
2.1.3.1 Khung unicast..............................................................................13
2.1.3.2 Khung broadcast..........................................................................13
2.1.3.3 Khung multicast...........................................................................14
2.1.4 Truy nhp bus s dng phng php CSMA/CD...............................14
Nguyn tc lm vic phng php CSMA/CD:......................................14
2.2 H giao thc TCP/IP..................................................................................15
2.2.1 Tng ng Dng (Application Layer)..................................................15
2.2.2 Tng Giao Vn (Transport Layer).......................................................17
2.2.3 Tng Internet (Internet Layer).............................................................22
2.2.4 Lp giao tip mng.............................................................................27
2.3 Microchip TCP/IP Stack...........................................................................28
2.3.1 Cu trc ca Microchip TCP/IP Stack................................................28
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2.3.2 Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack...............................................................29

CHNG 3: TNG QUAN V TIN SMS, MODULE SIM900 V
ATCOMAND.......................................................................................................31
3.1 Tng quan v tin nhn SMS.......................................................................31
3.2 Gii thiu Module SIM900........................................................................31
3.2.1 Tng quan v Module SIM900...........................................................31
3.2.2 Kho st s chn............................................................................32
3.2.3 Kt ni gia Module SIM900 v vi iu khin..................................32
3.3 Kho st tp lnh AT..................................................................................33
CHNG 4: THIT K V THI CNG...........................................................35
4.1 Phn tch yu cu iu khin......................................................................35
4.2 Tng quan chng trnh chnh...................................................................37
4.3 Thit k v thi cng Webserver..................................................................38
4.3.1 Thit k giao din web........................................................................38
4.3.2 Gim st trn Web...............................................................................38
4.3.3 iu khin trn Web............................................................................41
4.3.4 Phng php truyn d liu................................................................43
Sau khi hon tt thit lp cc bin trong web,ta tin hnh to file nh ca
web lu tr vo ROM bng phn mm MPFS2 i cng b TCP/IP
Stack ca Microchip.................................................................................45
4.4 Thit k v thi cng Module SIM900........................................................47
4.4.1 Gii thut nhn tin nhn v thc thi iu khin:.................................47
4.4.2 S nguyn l kt ni Module SIM900...........................................50
4.5 Thit k phn cng mch chnh.................................................................51
Chng 5: KT LUN........................................................................................55
5.1 Kt lun......................................................................................................55
5.2 Hng pht trin ti..............................................................................56
TI LIU THAM KHO....................................................................................58
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LI NI U
Ngy nay, vi nhng ng dng ca khoa hc k thut tin tin, th gii ca

chng ta v ang ngy mt thay i, vn minh v hin i hn. V khi nim
v ngi nh thng minh ra i. Mt ngi nh thng l mt gii php iu
khin tch hp cho cc cn h cao cp, tch hp cc thit b in t, nghe nhn,
truyn thng thnh mt h thng hon chnh v thng nht.
Nhn thc c tm thc tin ca ngi nh thng minh l c s chng

em chn ti n tt nghip Thit k h thng iu khin thit b in trong
gia nh qua Ethernet v SMS. Trong sut thi gian hon thnh n, chng
em tm hiu v vi iu khin, cc ch truyn thng, cm bin o, c cu
chp hnh, cch kt ni mng Ethernet, iu khin qua tin nhn SMS, ng thi
tm hiu v cc ch tiu ca mt ngi nh thng minh.
Di s hng dn, ch bo nhit tnh ca thy V Vn H cng vi s

c gng n lc ca cc thnh vin trong nhm, chng em hon thnh n
ng thi hn cho php. Tuy nhin do thi gian hn ch, cng nh lng kin
thc rt ln nn chng em khng th trnh khi nhiu thiu xt. V vy chng
em rt mong s nhn c nhiu kin nh gi, gp ca thy c gio v cc
bn sinh vin chng em c th pht trin v hon thin thm ti ny.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!
Nhm sinh vin thc hin
1. Nguyn Tt Nam
2. o Cu Long
3. Mai Trung Chnh

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CHNG 1: DN NHP
1.1 t vn
Ngy nay cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca cc ngnh khoa hc k
thut, cng ngh k thut in t m trong l k thut t ng iu khin
ng vai tr quan trng trong mi lnh vc khoa hc k thut, qun l, cng
nghip, cung cp thng tin ... Do l mt sinh vin chuyn ngnh iu khin
t ng chng ta phi bit nm bt v vn dng n mt cch c hiu qu nhm
gp phn vo s pht trin nn khoa hc k thut th gii ni chung v trong s
pht trin k thut in t ni ring. Bn cnh cn l s thc y s pht
trin ca nn kinh t nc nh.
Nh chng ta cng bit, gn nh cc thit b t ng trong nh my,

trong i sng ca cc gia nh ngy nay u hot ng c lp vi nhau, mi
thit b c mt quy trnh s dng khc nhau tu thuc vo s thit lp, ci t
ca ngi s dng. Chng cha c mt s lin kt no vi nhau v mt d liu.
Nhng i vi h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua mng Ethernet v tin
nhn SMS th li khc. y, cc thit b iu khin t ng c kt ni vi
nhau thnh mt h thng hon chnh qua mt mt thit b trung tm v c th
giao tip vi nhau v mt d liu.
in hnh ca mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua

mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS gm c cc thit b n gin nh bng n, qut
my, l si n cc thit b tinh vi, phc tp nh tivi, my git, h thng bo
ng N hot ng nh mt ngi nh thng minh. Ngha l tt c cc thit b
ny c th giao tip vi nhau v mt d liu thng qua mt u no trung tm.
u no trung tm y c th l mt my vi tnh hon chnh hoc c th l mt
b x l c lp trnh sn tt c cc chng trnh iu khin. Bnh thng,
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cc thit b trong ngi nh ny c th c iu khin t xa thng qua mng

Ethernet hoc tin nhn SMS ca ch nh. Chng hn nh vic tt qut, n in
khi ngi ch nh qun cha tt trc khi ra khi nh. Hay ch vi mt tin
nhn SMS, ngi ch nh c th bt my iu ha lm mt phng trc khi
v nh trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Bn cnh n cng gi thng bo
cho ngi iu khin bit nhit trong phng hin ti l bao nhiu, ng thi
pht tn hiu cnh bo khi nhit phng vt qu gii hn cho php. Ngoi ra,
h thng cn mang tnh bo mt. Ngha l ch c nhng s in thoi c ci
t trc v bit ng mt khu th mi c th iu khin c h thng.
T nhng yu cu thc t, nhng i hi ngy cng cao ca cuc sng,

cng vi s hp tc, pht trin mnh m ca mng di ng nn chng em
chn ti " iu khin thit b in trong nh thng qua mng Ethernet v tin
nhn SMS " p ng c nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi v gp phn
vo s tin b, vn minh, hin i ca nc nh.
Vi ti trn nhm ti thc hin vic iu khin t xa theo ba

hng hng chnh:
iu khin thit b qua Ethernet vi giao thc TCP/IP. Ngi dng ng

nhp vo Website v thc hin iu khin thit b qua giao din Web.
iu khin thit b qua tin nhn SMS t nhng s in thoi c cho

php. Thit b s nhn tin nhn SMS theo cu trc cho trc. Phn tch
yu cu iu khin v thc hin iu khin thit b.
o v thng bo nhit trong phng, pht tn hiu cnh bo nu nhit

trong phng tng cao vt qu gii hn cho php.
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1.2 ngha ca ti
Ngy nay cng vi s tin b ca khoa hc k thut, cc thit b in t ra
i ngy cng nhiu v chng loi cng nh tnh nng s dng. Bn cnh nhu
cu s dng cc thit b mt cch t ng ngy cng cao, con ngi ngy cng
mun c nhiu thit b gii tr cng nh cc thit b sinh hot vi k thut v
cng ngh ngy cng cao. C th Vit nam cha pht trin mnh m trong lnh
ny nhng hin nay trn th gii, nht l cc quc gia thuc Chu u hay M
th m hnh ngi nh t ng c iu khin t xa pht trin rt mnh m.
T nhng nhu cu thc t , nhm em mun a mt phn nhng k

thut hin i ca th gii p dng vo iu kin thc t trong nc c th to
ra mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua mng Ethernet v
tin nhn SMS nhm p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi. ti ly c
s l mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b. Vic s dng mng
Ethernet v tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b c thun li l tit kim chi ph,
mang tnh cnh tranh v c ng cao. Ngoi ra, sn phm ca ti ny c tnh
m, c th p dng cho nhiu i tng khc nhau trong dn dng cng nh
trong cng nghip.
1.3 Gii hn ti nghin cu

thc thi mt h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua mng
Ethernet v tin nhn SMS p dng cho mt ngi nh hon chnh nh ni trn l
rt phc tp v rt tn km. p ng vic iu khin ton b cc thit b ny
i hi phi c mt lng thi gian, kin thc nht nh. Bn cnh cn l vn
ti chnh. Vi lng thi gian v kin thc c hn, trong ti ny nhm em
thc hin ch thc thi mt phn ca h thng hon chnh . l iu khin
ng m n, ngoi ra cn c chc nng bo ng khi nhit trong phng tng
cao qu nhit cho php.
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Vi nhng g trnh by trn, nhm em tin hnh nghin cu, kho

st v thc hin v d kin t c cc mc tiu t ra nh sau:
- Thit lp mt Website v thc hin iu khin cc thit b qua giao din

Web, sau khi thc hin lnh iu khin trng thi ca thit b on/off c
th hin ngay trn giao din Web.
- iu khin cc thit b trong nh bng tin nhn SMS. Sau khi thc hin
lnh iu khin xong, t ng gi tin nhn li cho ngi dng bit thc
hin thnh cng.
- Gi tin nhn thng bo trng thi ca cc thit b v nhit trong phng

hin ti l bao nhiu.
- Ngoi ra, h thng cn c chc nng t ng pht tn hiu cnh bo qua

chung v tin nhn khi nhit trong phng tng cao vt qu gii hn
cho php.
1.4 Mc tiu nghin cu

- n c nghin cu v thc hin vi mc ch p dng nhng kin
thc c hc trong nh trng thit k, to ra mt h thng iu
khin t ng t xa qua mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS.
- Nghin cu v to mt giao din Websever thc hin iu khin qua

mng Ethernet vi chun giao tip TCP/IP.
- Tm hiu v h thng in thoi di ng GSM hin nay. Nghin cu v s

dng cc module GSM/GPRS ph bin hin nay. Module nhm thc hin
nghin cu v s dng l module SIM900 ca hng SIMCom.
- Nghin cu v s dng chip vi iu khin PIC ca Mircochip. Chip m

nhm tin hnh nghin cu v s dng l chip PIC18F8722.
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1.5 Kt qu nghin cu ca ti
Vi nhng mc tiu v k hoch ra, cng vi s n lc nghin cu,
tm ti ca cc thnh vin trong nhm thc hin ti, nhm thc hin t
c nhng kt qu nht nh sau:
Thit k thnh cng mch iu khin giao tip qua mng Ethernet v tin
nhn SMS vi cc tnh nng:
+ Giao tip thnh cng vi mng Ethernet qua chun truyn thng TCP/IP,
thc hin quan st trng thi v ra lnh iu khin thit b qua giao din
Webserver.
+ Giao tip thnh cng vi module SIM900, nhn v gi tin nhn thnh
cng, thc hin iu khin thit b qua tin nhn SMS.
+ Cnh bo ti ngi dng v pht tn hiu ra chung khi nhit phng

tng cao vt qu gii hn cho php.
+ Ngoi ra, mch iu khin c thit k sn sng cho vic tch hp thm
cc ngoi vi trong tng lai.
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1.6 S TNG QUAN CA H THNG

S tng quan ca h thng:
Hnh 1.1 S tng quan h thng
D ang rt xa ngi nh, ngi s dng c th dng my tnh c kt

ni vi mng Internet hoc cc thit b nh in thoi, my tnh bng c h tr
tin nhn SMS gi tn hiu ti b iu khin tc ng ln cc thit b in
trong gia nh. iu ny rt thut tin khi bn thng xuyn phi ra khi nh v
mun cp nht trng thi v iu khin hot ng ca cc thit b in trong ngi
nh.
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S khi ca b iu khin:
Hnh 1.2 S
khi ca
b iu khin
Chc nng
tng khi:
Khi
giao
tip SMS:
Gm Module SIM900, c chc nng gi nhn tin nhn SMS cho vic iu
khin cc thit b. Module SIM900 c kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F8722,
c nhim v nhn SMS gi ti vi iu khin v gi SMS ti ngi s dng khi
c yu cu.
Khi giao tip ETHERNET:
Gm ENC26JC0 c kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F8722 truyn nhn

tn hiu qua giao thc SPI. Khi ny c nhim v nhn lnh iu khin qua
Webserver vi giao thc TCP/IP. Vi iu khin nhn lnh, thc thi xong v gi
tr li kt qu.
Khi vi iu khin PIC18F8722
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Khi trung tm trong vic x l v iu khin. Vi iu khin nhn tn hiu

t khi giao tip SMS, khi giao tip Ethernet v cm bin, sau a ra tn
hiu iu khin ng thi hin th ln LCD.
Khi cm bin nhit
Cm bin c s dng l DS18B20 c nhim v o nhit v gi tn

hiu ti vi iu khin. Khi nhit o c ln hn gi tr cho php th vi iu
khin pht tn hiu cnh bo.
Khi hin th LCD
Gm TEXT LCD 16x2, c nhim v hin th cc thng tin c lin quan ti

vic iu khin, gip cho giao din gia ngi dng v thit b trc quan hn.
Khi cng sut
Khi ny bao gm 4 BJT C1815 c nhim v khuch i in p kch

cho relay. Khi cng sut vi dng thp, p ng ti tiu t cng sut dn dng
nh bng n.
Khi ngun
To ngun vi hai mc in p 5V cp cho vi iu khin v 3V3 cp cho

ENC26JC0. Ngoi ra module SIM900 c cp ngun vi in p 4V.
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CHNG 2: ETHERNET
V H GIAO THC TCP/IP
2.1 Tng quan v Ethernet

2.1.1 Cu trc khung tin Ethernet
Cc chun Ethernet u hot ng tng Data Link trong m hnh 7 lp

OSI v th n v d liu m cc trm trao i vi nhau l cc khung (frame).
Cu trc khung Ethernet nh sau:
Bng 2.1: Cu trc khung MAC theo IEEE 802.3/ Ethernet
M u SFD a ch a ch di D liu PAD FCS

5555H (D5H)
ch ngun kiu
gi
7byte 1 byte 2/6 byte 2/6 byte 2 byte 46-1500 byte 4 byte
- Preamble (m u): trng ny nh du s xut hin ca khung bit, n lun
mang gi tr 10101010. T nhm bit ny, pha nhn c th to ra xung ng h
10 Mhz.
- SFD (start frame delimiter): trng ny mi thc s xc nh s bt u ca 1
khung. N lun mang gi tr 10101011.
- Cc trng Destination v Source: mang a ch vt l ca cc trm nhn v
gi khung, xc nh khung c gi t u v s c gi ti u.
- LEN: gi tr ca trng ni ln ln ca phn d liu m khung mang theo.
- FCS mang CRC (cyclic redundancy checksum): pha gi s tnh ton trng
ny trc khi truyn khung. Pha nhn tnh ton li CRC ny theo cch tng
t. Nu hai kt qu trng nhau, khung c xem l nhn ng, ngc li
khung coi nh l li v b loi b.
2.1.2 Cu trc a ch Ethernet
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Mi giao tip mng Ethernet c nh danh duy nht bi 48 bit a ch (6

octet). y l a ch c n nh khi sn xut thit b, gi l a ch MAC
(Media Access Control Address ). a ch MAC c biu din bi cc ch s
hexa ( h c s 16 ). V d:00:60:97:8F:4F:86 hoc 00-60-97-8F-4F-86.Khun
dng a ch MAC c chia lm 2 phn:
- 3 octet u xc nh hng sn xut, chu s qun l ca t chc IEEE.

- 3 octet sau do nh sn xut n nh.
Kt hp ta l c mt a ch MAC duy nht cho mt giao tip mng

Ethernet. a ch MAC c s dng lm a ch ngun v a ch ch trong
khung Ethernet.
2.1.3 Cc loi khung Ethernet
2.1.3.1 Khung unicast
Khung ny c truyn ti mt trm xc nh. Tt c cc trm trong phn

on mng trn s u nhn c khung ny nhng:
- Ch c trm 2 thy a ch MAC ch ca khung trng vi a ch MAC

ca giao tip mng ca mnh nn tip tc x l cc thng tin khc trong khung.
- Cc trm khc sau khi so snh a ch s b qua khng tip tc x l
khung na.
2.1.3.2 Khung broadcast
Cc khung broadcast c a ch MAC ch l FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF. Khi

nhn c cc khung ny, mc d khng trng vi a ch MAC ca giao tip
mng ca mnh nhng cc trm u phi nhn khung v tip tc x l.
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2.1.3.3 Khung multicast
Trm ngun gi khung ti mt s trm nht nh ch khng phi l tt c.

a ch MAC ch ca khung l a ch c bit m ch cc trm trong cng
nhm mi chp nhn cc khung gi ti a ch ny.
2.1.4 Truy nhp bus s dng phng php CSMA/CD
Hnh 2.1: Minh ha phng php CSMA/CD
Nguyn tc lm vic phng php CSMA/CD:
Theo phng php CSMA/CD, mi trm u c quyn truy nhp bus m khng
cn mt s kim sot no. Phng php c tin hnh nh sau:
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- Mi trm u phi t nghe ng dn (carrier sense), nu ng dn ri

(khng c tn hiu ) th mi c pht.
- Do vic lan truyn tn hiu cn mt thi gian no , nn vn c kh nng
hai trm cng pht tn hiu ln ng dn. Chnh v vy, trong khi pht th mi
trm vn phi nghe ng dn so snh tn hiu pht i vi tn hiu nhn c
xem c xy ra xung t hay khng (collision detection).
- Trong trng hp xy ra xung t, mi trm u phi hy b bc in ca
mnh, ch mt thi gian ngu nhin v th gi li.
2.2 H giao thc TCP/IP

TCP/IP l vit tt ca Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
(Giao thc iu Khin Truyn Thng /Giao thc Internet).Cc tng trong m
hnh ny l:
- Tng ng Dng (Application Layer).
- Tng Giao Vn (Transport Layer).
- Tng Lin Mng (Internet Layer).
- Tng Giao Tip Mng (Network Interface Layer).
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Hnh 2.2: Cu trc h giao thc TCP/IP
2.2.1 Tng ng Dng (Application Layer)

Gm nhiu giao thc cung cp cho cc ng dng ngi dng. c s
dng nh dng v trao i thng tin ngi dng v h thng. Mt s giao
thc thng dng trong tng ny l: HTTP, FTP, SMTP,Trong phm vi n,
chng ta s dng giao thc HTTP m c th l xy dng mt Webserver nhng
vo h thng.
HTTP l giao thc truyn ti siu vn bn (HyperText Transfer Protocol).
HTTP xc nh cch cc thng ip c nh dng v truyn ti ra sao v hot
ng ca Webserver v cc trnh duyt Web.Trong m hnh ca HTTP,
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Webserver ng thi cng l TCPServer, m sn port mc nh dnh cho dch v

HTTP l TCP80 ( ch listen), sn sng i yu cu kt ni t cc client. Cc
client s khi to kt ni TCP thng qua port ny, sau khi Webserver chp nhn
kt ni, client s gi mt bn tin HTTP (HTTP message) gi l HTTP request ti
server trn kt ni TCP va thit lp. Server s tr li li bng mt bn tin HTTP
khc l HTTP response. Bn tin ny s cha ni dung trang Web yu cu (c
vit bng ngn ng HTML). Nh vy giao thc HTTP s da c bn trn cc
bn tin HTTP, gm 2 loi l HTTP request v HTTP response.
Gi s ta truy nhp vo a ch IP ca webserver l 192.168.1.10 qua trnh duyt:
Lc , my tnh ca chng ta s gi i mt bn tin request ca giao thc

HTTP l HTTP Get thng qua giao thc TCP (vi cng TCP c qui
nh cho giao thc HTTP l 80) n a ch webserver trn.
Webserver, y chnh l vi iu khin ca chng ta nhn c bn tin
ny (khi i qua ht cc lp giao thc ethernet, IP, TCP ri mi n
HTTP). Ti y vi iu khin s c v phn tch bn tin HTTP request
ny bit my tnh ang yu cu ti ni dung trang web no.
Sau vi iu khin s ly ni dung trang web ny (c son tho theo
ngn ng HTML) cha trn trn ROM, n cng c th thm vo trang
web mt s thng tin (v d c gi tr t cc sensor cm bin nhit
v a vo trong trang web), v gi ton b ni dung trang web thng qua
giao thc TCP tr li cho my tnh. Nu ni dung trang web ln n c th
c gi i trn rt nhiu gi tin, v mi gi tin ch cha ti a 1460 byte
d liu.
My tnh nhn ni dung trang web v trnh duyt s hin th ln cho chng
ta thy. iu khin thit b kt ti h thng t xa qua web, trn trang
web ta c th thit k mt nt nhn chng hn. Khi ta nhn nt ny trn
trnh duyt, my tnh s gi i mt bn tin HTTP na l HTTP Get. Vi
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iu khin s nhn bn tin HTTP post ny, phn tch d liu cha trong
c p ng tng ng (bt tt bng n) sau n s gi tr li ln na
ni dung trang web cp nht nhng thay i va ri.Trnh duyt s cp
nht ni dung ny ln v ta s thy c tc ng ca thao tc iu khin.
2.2.2 Tng Giao Vn (Transport Layer)

Nhim v ca tng l thit lp phin truyn thng gia cc my tnh v
quy nh cch truyn d liu. Hai giao thc chnh trong tng ny gm UDP
(User Datagram Protocol) v TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). Do UDP
cung cp cc knh truyn thng phi kt ni nn n khng m bo truyn d liu
mt cch tin cy nn trong phm vi n chng ta s dng thc TCP.Ngc li
vi UDP, TCP cung cp cc knh truyn thng hng kt ni v m bo truyn
d liu 1 cch tin cy. TCP thng truyn cc gi tin c kch thc ln v yu
cu pha nhn xc nhn v cc gi tin nhn.
Cu trc gi TCP:
Hnh 2.3: Cu trc gi TCP

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Ch thch:
- S port ch v s port ngun: phn bit cc tin trnh ng dng ang xy

ra trong my tnh
- Cc s sequence v Acknowledgement: s sequence phn bit cc segment
khc nhau trong mt dng d liu, cc s Acknowledgement dng trong c
ch xc nhn
- Vng Data offset: chiu di ca Header tnh theo n v 32 bit
Mt s c (flags):
.URG (Urgent): thit lp 1 khi c d liu quan trng cn truyn ngay.

.ACK: cho bit c s xc nhn nm trong vng Acknowledgement
. PSH (Push): c thit lp trong trng hp d liu nn c giao tc
thi
.RST (Reset): ch th mt li sai v hy b phin lm vic
. SYN (Synchronize): trong cc bn tin khi to khi thit lp mt kt ni
truyn d liu
. FIN (Finish): dng ng 1 phin lm vic
- Vng Window: ch ra s lng khng gian b m kh dng nhn d liu

- Vng Checksum: vng kim tra sai cho c segment
- Vng Urgent Pointer: ch ra chiu di ca d liu urgent
- Vng Options: xc nh kch thc cc i ca 1 segment
C th hn, vai tr ca TCP trong chng giao thc TCP gm 3 chc nng
chnh: iu khin lung, kim sot li v bo nhn.
- iu khin lung: iu phi tc v kch thc lung d liu m bo

pha nhn kh nng nhn v x l lung d liu.
- Kim sot li: m bo cc gi tin n ng v .
- Bo nhn: khi nhn c d liu v khng c li, pha nhn phi bo li vi
pha gi bit.
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thc hin c cc chc nng , mt qu trnh truyn d liu qua giao

thc TCP (m ta gi l phin truyn thng session) gm c 3 giai on: Thit
lp kt ni, truyn d liu v gii phng kt ni.
c th gim st cht ch trng thi v mi s kin xy ra trong mt kt
ni TCP, trng thi ca mt kt ni TCP c chuyn i tun theo mt lu
trng thi nh sau:
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22
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Hnh 2.4: Lu trng thi kt ni TCP

Gii thch:
- TCP l giao thc hng kt ni, dng client server. Tc l trong mt phin
truyn thng th s c mt pha ng vai tr client, pha cn li, lc no cng
trng thi ch i cc client thit lp kt ni ti chnh l server.
- V d khi ta truy cp web, th my tnh ca ta l client, my ch cha trang web
chnh l server vi iu khin, lc no cng trng thi i cc my tnh client
kt ni n (v phi c kh nng thit lp ng thi nhiu kt ni, v c th c
nhiu client kt ni ti cng lc).
- Trong lu trn, p dng cho c client v server. C client v server u bt
u bng trng thi Close. Client s thit lp kt ni theo con ng Active
Open (n ch ng thit lp kt ni). Server s thit lp kt ni theo con ng
Passive Open (th ng, v n i client bt u m)
Qu trnh chuyn trng thi:
- C hai bt u bng trng thi close, khng c kt ni no tn ti.
- Khi Server m mt port TCP i client thit lp kt ni, n chuyn sang
trng thi Listen.
- Khi client gi i bn tin SYN, n chuyn sang trng thi SYN sent.
- Lc ny khi server nhn c bn tin SYN t client v gi p li 1 bn tin
SYN, n chuyn sang trng thi SYN Received.
- Lc ny client gi li bn tin xc nhn ACK (bc 3 trong v d), n chuyn
sang trng thi thit lp kt ni Established.
- Server nhn c bn tin ACK trn ca client, n cng chuyn sang trng thi
Established.
- Sau hai bn tin hnh truyn d liu, trng thi c hai u l Established.
- Mt trong hai pha truyn xong d liu, n y th vai tr hai bn l nh nhau,
ta gi s client truyn xong d liu trc, n s gi bn tin FIN, v chuyn sang
trng thi FIN wait 1.
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biu mu min ph
- Pha server nhn c bn tin ny, gi xc nhn ACK, v chuyn sang trng
thi Close wait.
- Khi client nhn c xc nhn t server (nhn c bn tin ACK trn) th n
chuyn sang trng thi FIN wait 2.
- n lc ny server vn c th tip tc gi d liu v client vn tip tc nhn (v
ch c client bo l gi xong d liu).
- n khi no server cng gi ht d liu, n s gi i bn tin FIN, cho bit n
cng gi xong d liu v chuyn sang trng thi LAST ACK.
- Khi client nhn c bn tin FIN trn t server, n gi xc nhn (ACK) v
chuyn sang trng thi Time wait, sau ch 1 khong thi gian Timeout v
ng kt ni, quay li trng thi Close.
- Khi server nhn c n cng chuyn t Last ACK sang Close (khng cn
i Timeout)
2.2.3 Tng Internet (Internet Layer)

Nm bn trn tng truy nhp mng. Tng ny c chc nng gn a ch, ng gi
v nh tuyn (Route) d liu. 4 giao thc quan trng nht trong tng ny gm:
- IP (Internet Protocol): C chc nng gn a ch cho d liu trc khi
truyn v nh tuyn chng ti ch.
- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol): C chc nng bin dch a ch IP ca
my ch thnh a ch MAC.
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): C chc nng thng bo li
trong trng hp truyn d liu b hng.
- IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol): C chc nng iu khin
truyn a hng (Multicast) .
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- Cu trc ca gi IP:
Hnh 2.5: Cu trc gi tin IP

ngha:
- Version (c chiu di 4 bit): cho bit phin bn ca giao thc, i vi

trng hp ca chng ta, giao thc l IP version 4, trng ny s lun c
gi tr l 4 (0100).
- Header Length (4 bit): cho bit chiu di ca header IP, tnh theo n v 4
byte (32 bit).
- TOS (8 bit): Type of Service.
- Total Length (16 bit): 16 bit tng chiu di ca gi IP gm c phn header.
- Identification (16 bit): dng nhn din cc phn on ca gi IP.
- Flags:
. Bit u tinkhng s dng.
. Bit 2: DF (Dont Fragment) = 1 c ngha l khng phn on gi ny.

. Bit 3: MF (More Fragment) = 0 => y l phn on cui cng.
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- Fragmented offset (13 bit): di (n v 8 byte) tnh t im bt u ca

Header ti im bt u ca phn on
- TTL (Time to Live) (8 bit): thi gian tn ti trn mng hoc s chng trn
mng m gi i qua trc khi b hy b.
- Protocol (8 bit): nhn din Protocol trn lp IP.
- Header checksum (16 bit): sa sai cho phn Header.
- Cc vng a ch ngun, a ch ch: a ch IP 32 bit.
- Option: cc ty chn dng cho vic kim tra: Loose source routing, Strict
source routing, Record route v Timestamp.
- Padding: Gm cc s zero c thm vo sao cho chiu di ca vng
Header l bi s ca 32 bit.
Cch thc m d liu c gi qua giao thc IP c tin hnh nh sau:
- Khi nhn c mt segment d liu (t giao thc lp trn l TCP) cn gi

n ch no , a ch ch ny phi c xc nh bng a ch IP (tc
l a ch mng hay a ch lun l). Lp giao thc IP s gn thm vo u
segment d liu mt header IP to thnh gi IP hon chnh. Trong
header IP ny c cha 2 thng tin quan trng, l a ch host gi
(source IP address) v a ch host nhn (destination IP address). a ch
source ng nhin l a ch ca bn thn n, cn a ch ch phi c
cung cp cho lp IP khi mun gi d liu qua giao thc ny.
- Gi tin IP ny sau c chuyn n lp giao thc ethernet thm
phn header ethernet vo v gi i.
Nhng giao thc ethernet li gi cc khung d liu i da vo mt loi a

ch khc l a ch MAC (hay cn gi l a ch vt l). Ti sao li cn n 2 a
ch nh vy? L do l a ch vt l ch c gi tr trong phm vi mng LAN, n
s khng th gip xc nh v tr host bn ngoi phm vi mng LAN. Khi gi
d liu ra ngoi mng LAN, cc router s chuyn d liu i da v a ch IP.
Nh vy trong phn a ch MAC ngun v a ch MAC ch trong header ca
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khung ethernet, ta s in cc a ch no? i vi a ch MAC ngun, ng

nhin ta s in a ch MAC ca chnh ENC28J60 c xc lp. Nhng cn
a ch MAC ch, s c 2 trng hp xy ra:
- Nu host ch nm trong cng 1 mng LAN vi chng ta, ta s in a

ch MAC ch l a ch tng ng ca host ch. Frame d liu s c
gi thng n ch.
- Nu host ch nm bn ngoi mng LAN, r rng ta khng th gi d liu
trc tip n host ch m phi thng qua gateway, khi a ch MAC
ch phi l a ch gateway.
Vn cn mt vn na m ta phi gii quyt. l trong c hai trng

hp trn, d l cn gi cho gateway hay thng n host ch, th n y, ta mi
ch bit a ch IP ca host ch (hay ca gateway) m khng bit a ch MAC
tng ng. Vy ny sinh mt vn l lm sao bit c a ch MAC ca mt
host khi bit a ch IP?
n y, chnh l pht sinh vai tr ca giao thc phn gii a ch (APR
Address Resolution Protocol). Vai tr ca giao thc ny l tm ra a ch MAC
khi bit a ch IP ca 1 host.
Cu trc gi ARP:
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biu mu min ph
Hnh 2.6:
Cu trc gi
tin ARP
ngha:
Hardw
are
type (2
bytes):
cho
bit
loi a
ch
phn cng, i vi a ch MAC ca giao thc ethernet th gi tr ny c
qui nh l "0x0001".
Protocol type (2 bytes): cho bit loi a ch giao thc lp trn, i vi a
ch IP, gi tr ny c qui nh l 0x0800.
HLEN (1 byte): cho bit chiu di ca a ch vt l (a ch MAC).
PLEN (1 byte): cho bit chiu di ca a ch giao thc (a ch IP).
Operation (2 bytes): cho bit hot ng ang thc hin trong gi tin ny
(request hay reply).
Sender H/W (hardware address, 6 bytes): a ch vt l ca pha gi.
Sender IP (4 bytes): a ch IP ca pha gi.
Target H/W (6 bytes): a ch vt l ca pha nhn, nu cha bit th s l
cha ton 0.
Target IP (4 bytes): a ch IP ca pha nhn.
Cch thc m d liu c gi qua giao thc ARP c tin hnh nh sau:
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- Khi giao thc IP a xung yu cu tm ch MAC ca host c IP l a.b.c.d

th n phi tr li ngay a ch MAC ca a ch trn dng
XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX.
- Cch thc ARP ly thng tin gii quyt vn trn l: giao thc ARP duy
tr mt bng gi l ARP cache gm hai ct, mt ct ghi a ch IP, mt ct
ghi a ch MAC tng ng vi a ch IP . Mi khi c hi bi giao
thc IP, n s tra bng ny tm cu tr li. Khi c hi v mt a ch
IP a.b.c.d no m khng c sn trong bng ARP cache, n s lp tc
tm trong mng LAN phn t c a ch IP l a.b.c.d bng cch gi yu
cu ti cc phn t trong mng LAN. Cc phn t ny u nhn c yu
cu v phn t no c IP a.b.c.d s tr li li a ch MAC ca n l
XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX. Vy giao thc ARP s lp tc thm cp a ch
IP a.b.c.d v a ch MAC XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX vo trong bng ARP
cache v tr li li cho giao thc IP.
2.2.4 Lp giao tip mng

Tng giao tip mng lin quan ti vic trao i d liu gia hai trm thit
b trong cng mt mng. Giao thc c s dng trong phm vi n l giao
thc Ethernet. Phn cng c s dng chip giao tip Ethernet ENC28J60 giao
tip qua chun SPI ( Serial Pheripheral Interface ).
Trong chng giao thc TCP/IP, giao thc Ethernet ng vai tr lp truy
nhp v truyn dn. Vic gi v nhn d liu lp Ethernet c thc hin da
vo a ch vt l hay cn gi l a ch MAC. Trong mi khung Ethernet u
cha 2 a ch MAC: mt a ch ca host gi v mt a ch ca host nhn. Khi
lp Ethernet nhn c mt khung d liu, trc ht n s kim tra a ch host
nhn xem c phi l a ch ca n khng (tc l gi cho n), nu ng n s
nhn khung ny v chuyn n lp IP. Ngoi ra cn c 1 trng hp na lp
Ethernet s nhn khung l nu a ch host nhn l a ch broadcast (tc l gi
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biu mu min ph
cho tt c mi my trong mng LAN), trong trng hp ny frame s c nhn

v x l.Ngoi vic kim tra a ch, trong khng Ethernet cn c 1 trng cha
m kim tra li gip pht hin nhng li xy ra trong qu trnh truyn, cc khung
b xc nh l c li s b b qua.
Trong mch ca chng ta, vic kim tra li v kim tra a c thc hin
t ng bi IC ENC28J60, do ta khng cn lp trnh cho cc chc nng ny.
Mi khi nhn c mt khung trn ng truyn, ENC28J60 s kim tra li xem
c sai st khng, tip n s i chiu a ch host nhn vi a ch c
cu hnh cho n (trong cc thanh ghi a ch MAC: MAADR0-5).
2.3 Microchip TCP/IP Stack

2.3.1 Cu trc ca Microchip TCP/IP Stack
TCP/IP Stack l b th vinv mt s cng c phn mm ca Microchip

h tr vit phn mm cho h thng nhng s dng vi iu khin ca
hng.Th vin xy dng hu ht cc hm giao tip gia cc lp cng nh h
tr xy dng mt Webserver nhng.
TCP/IP cng c cc Module s dng cho lp ng dng nh: HTTP cho
Web, SMTP cho gi v nhn Email, SNMP cho giao thc trng thi v iu
khin. Telnet cho iu khin t xa, TFTP.
Hnh 2.7: Cu trc

ca Stack
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Hnh 2.8: So snh cu trc TCP/IP tham kho v cu trc Stack ca Microchip
Ngoi nhng module chnh ging nh cu trc TCP/IP tham kho th

Microchip a thm vo Stack 2 module mi l StackTask v ARPTask.
StackTask qun l s vn hnh v tt c cc module ca Stack. Trong khi ,
ARPTask qun l cc dch v ca lp ARP ( Address Resolution Protocol).
2.3.2 Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack
Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack l cc nhim v s c chia thnh cc tc

v ( y l TCP, UDP, Ping,). Tt c hot ng ca TCP/IP s c mt
ng h chung qun l theo Time Split. Tc l c mt Timer h thng (Timer1),
c mi khong thi gian ngn s ngt (gi l mt TICK), khi b ngt, h thng s
treo li, ng cnh ca tt c cc tc v c b lp lch li ra, xem xt tc v no
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c chy theo kiu chia s thi gian (v khng c mc u tin cho tc v). Sau
cho php tc v chim quyn thc thi ca CPU. n TICK tip theo, h
thng li treo li, v li li ng cnh ra, c tip tc nh vy mi.
Vi c ch hot ng ny, vi iu khin c coi nh mt lc c th va
thc hin TCP, va thc hin UDP, Ping,va c th l Server v Client cng
mt lc.
V vy, PIC nu c thit lp ch TCP Server/Client s hot ng
ng thi c hai hot ng ny. Server lng nghe kt ni t Client no trn
mng. Cn Client th gi lnh m cng kt ni ti mt Server no cng trn
mng, m ta c th xc lp c.
V vy, hot ng ca cc tc v l c lp vi nhau, khng chu nh
hng ln nhau.
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CHNG 3: TNG QUAN V TIN SMS,

MODULE SIM900 V ATCOMAND
3.1 Tng quan v tin nhn SMS
SMS l t vit tt ca Short Message Service. l mt cng ngh cho
php gi v nhn cc tn nhn gia cc in thoi vi nhau. D liu c th c
lu gi bi mt tin nhn SMS l rt gii hn. Mt tin nhn SMS c th cha ti
a l 140 byte (1120 bit) d liu. V vy, mt tin nhn SMS ch c th cha :
+ 160 k t nu nh m ha k t 7 bit c s dng.

+ 70 k t nu nh m ha k t 16 bit Unicode UCS2 c s dng.
Tin nhn SMS dng text h tr nhiu ngn ng khc nhau. N c th hot
ng tt vi nhiu ngn ng m c h tr m Unicode, bao gm c Arabic,
Trung Quc, Nht bn v Hn Quc.
3.2 Gii thiu Module SIM900

3.2.1 Tng quan v Module SIM900
Hnh 3.2
Module
Sim900
Sim900 l mt module GSM/GPRS cc k nh gn, c thit k cho th

trng ton cu. Sim900 hot ng c 4 bng tn GSM 850MHz, EGSM
900MHz, DCS 1800MHz v PCS 1900MHz nh l mt loi thit b u cui vi
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mt Chip x l n nhn y sc mnh, tng cng cc tnh nng quan trng

da trn nn vi x l ARM926EJ-S, kch thc nh gn (24x24 mm), p ng
nhng yu cu v khng gian trong cc ng dng M2M.
3.2.2 Kho st s chn
Hnh 3.3 S chn ca Module Sim900
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3.2.3 Kt ni gia Module SIM900 v vi iu khin
Hnh 3.4 Kt ni
gia Breakout
SIM900 v Vi iu
khin
Chn TXD ca SIM900 c kt ni vi chn RXD ca vi iu khin, v

ngc li chn RXD ca SIM900 kt ni ti chn TXD ca vi iu khin, ng
thi chn GND ca SIM900 v vi iu khin c ni chung vi nhau. Chn
PWU l chn kch hot cho Module SIM900 c ni vi chn RB0 ca vi iu
khin.
3.3 Kho st tp lnh AT

C rt nhiu lnh AT cho Moulde SIM900, xong trong phn ny ta ch tp trung
m t cc lnh AT v SMS.
1. Lnh xa tin nhn
AT+CMGD=<index> <cr>
<index>: v tr ngn nh lu tin nhn
Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v:
Ok
Nu lnh khng thc hin c th tr v dng:
+CMS ERROR <err>
2. Lnh chn nh dng tin nhn

AT+CMGF=[<mode>]
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biu mu min ph
<mode> 0 PDU mode

1 TEXT mode
3. Lnh lit k tin nhn t vng nh u tin
AT+CMGL=<stat>[,<mode>]
<mode> 0 Bnh thng
1 Khng chuyn trng thi ca tin nhn
4. Lnh c tin nhn:
AT+CMGR=<index>[,mode] <cr>
<index> : s nguyn, l v tr ngn nh cha tin nhn cn c
<mode> : 0 dng d liu PDU
1 dng d liu kiu text
Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v
OK
Nu lnh b li th tr v di dng:
+CMS ERROR: <err>
5. Lnh gi tin nhn SMS:
AT+CMGS
Khi gi tin nhn di dng text:
(+CMGF=1):
+CMGS=<da>[,<toda>]<CR> text is entered <ctrl-Z/ESC>
Lnh c thc hin thnh cng thi d liu tr v:
Dng text : +CMGS: <mr>
OK
Lnh b li : +CMS ERROR: <err>
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biu mu min ph
CHNG 4: THIT K V THI CNG

4.1 Phn tch yu cu iu khin
Trong mt gia nh thng thng ngy nay, TV, h thng nghe nhn, my
tnh, n chiu sng, rm ca v in thoi di ng, ngy cng tr nn d s
dng v a nng hn, nhng mi thit b hot ng c lp vi cc b iu khin
dng ring. iu ny c ngha l c rt nhiu b iu khin, nt chnh lm cho
cuc sng thm phc tp.
Vi ngha mt ngi nh thng minh, cc thit b ni trn s c tch

hp trong mt h thng ng nht, cung cp cc chc nng ca tng loi thit b
nhng c iu khin tp trung t b iu khin trung tm. Nh vy, cc thit
b thng minh ri rc trc y gi y l cc thnh phn cu thnh nn mt
h thng thng minh.
Phn tch cc thit b in cn iu khin trong mt gia nh thng thng,

ta nhn thy cc thit b in trong gia nh ch yu l cc bin logic, ch c 2
trng thi tt hoc m v d nh qut, iu ha, tivi, bng n Song bn cnh
cng c mt s bin c dng s nguyn, s thc nh nhit phng, mc
nc trong b, m ca rm ca Vi nhng bin kiu logic, ta ch cn xc
nh trng thi ca thit b v yu cu iu khin bt hoc m thit b khi c
yu cu. Cn vi nhng bin kiu s nguyn, s thc nh nhit , mc nc
trong b th ta cn c cm bin o xc nh c gi tr ca bin thi
im hin ti. V d, mun h thng t ng bt iu ha khi nhit phng
cao th ta cn ta cn c mt cm bin nhit xc nh nhit phng ti thi
im hin ti. Nu nhit phng cao hn mt gi tr ta nh trc th h thng
s t ng iu khin bt iu ha ln, v khi nhit h thp gi tr ta nh
trc th h thng s iu khin tt iu ha i.
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Yu cu iu khin c t ra i vi h thng l ngi dng c th s

dng my tnh c ni mng, hoc in thoi, my tnh bng c tnh nng nhn tin
SMS a ra yu cu iu khin t xa. B iu khin nhn lnh, x l ri sau
a ra tn hiu iu khin thch hp, sau khi iu khin xong th thng bo
ngc li cho ngi s dng bit thc hin thnh cng cng nh thng bo
trng thi ca thit b hin thi.
Nh thng minh l mt ti m vi rt nhiu cc ng dng, cc tin ch

c th p dng nhm phc v nhu cu ngy cng nng cao ca con ngi. Chnh
v vy m gii hn trong n tt nghip chng em khng th gii quyt c
ht cc bi ton trn thc t. Trc mt, chng em s thi cng mt b iu khin
c kh nng giao tip truyn thng qua mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS, t
ngi s dng c th a ra yu cu iu khin ng hoc m mt s thit b
in t xa, ngoi ra b iu khin cn c kh nng nhn tn hiu t cm bin
nhit v thng bo cho ngi s dng bit thng tin v nhit trong phng.
V hng i trong tng lai, chng em s m rng v pht trin thm

nhiu module, nng cao kh nng giao tip ca thit b hn na, tng tnh tng
tc vi ngi s dng cng nh tng an ton cho ngi nh thng minh.
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4.2 Tng quan chng trnh chnh

Gii thut tng quan chng trnh chnh
Hnh 4.1 Tng quan chng trnh

chnh
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M t gii thut:
Bc u tin khai bo cc bin s dng trong chng trnh v khi to

gi tr ca bin, khai bo cc ngt c s dng trong chng trnh, sau khi
to cc gi tr thanh ghi cu hnh cho vi iu khin. Tip theo, khi to v cu
hnh cho Module. Khi to cho khi Ethernet. Cui cng l i vo chng trnh
chnh, i tin nhn, c tn hiu v t cm bin, cng nh tn hiu iu khin t
Websever v a ra tn hiu iu khin thch hp
4.3 Thit k v thi cng Webserver

4.3.1 Thit k giao din web
Ta c dng mt s cng c nh MicrosoftOffice Publisher trong b
Microsoft Office hay Adobe Dreamweaver, to mt webserver vi giao
din n gin nh sau:
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biu mu min ph
Hnh 4.2 Giao din Webserver
4.3.2 Gim st trn Web

Nhim v t ra l lm th no bit c trng thi cc bin h thng
v kim tra cc trng thi ny thng xuyn trn webserver?
lm iu ny chng ta a ra khi nim bin ng (dynamic variable) .

Bin ng cho php webserver ly d liu t h thng nh l gi tr ly t mt
cm bin hay d liu trn mt vng nh v d liu ny s c hin th trn giao
din ngi dng (trnh duyt web). Sau y, chng ta s i vo mt v d c th
l a gi tr nhit o c t cm bin nhit ln trnh duyt.
Hnh 4.3 T cm bin nht ln trnh duyt
Bin ng c to ra bng cch chn bin cn gim st vo gia cp du

~ (ng) trong code HTML ca trang web. Khi module HTTP2 webserver bt
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gp bin ny n s x l hm triu tp (callback function). Hm ny c x

l trong code C ca ng dng.
Chng hn,chng ta mun bit nhit phng gi tr ny c th hin

qua bin nhietdo trong code cua webserver. a bin nhietdothnh bin
ng,ta cn thc hin hai bc.
Th nht,a bin ny vo gia cp du ng ~
Th hai, l thc hin hm HTTPPrint_nhietdo() trong file code

CustomHTTPApp.c ca chng trnh. Khi x l,hm ny s t d liu ln gi
tin (socket) truyn i. HTTP server hot ng trn mt vng m c kch
thc nht nh. Khi hm HTTPPrint_nhietdo() c gi,server s m bo t
nht 16 byte trng trong vng m. Nu gi tr bin ng nhietdonh hn vng
d liu m server dnh ra ny th n s c x l ngay lp tc. Ngc li,khi
kch thc bin ln hn vng trn th hm trn s kim tra vng hin gi
trng bao nhiu v a ra kt qu hm c x l hay cha thng qua bin
curHTTP.callbackPosition.
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V kt qu thu c trn trnh duyt:
Hnh 4.4 Kt qu nhit phng trn trnh duyt
4.3.3 iu khin trn Web

Cng vic tip theo l lm cch no iu khin thit b thng qua trnh
duyt?
Trc ht chng ta tm hiu v th <form> , cch c n trong HTML

code v so snh s khc nhau gia hai phng php truyn tin l phng php
GET v POST. Cui cng l i vo mt phng php c th m c dng trong
n ny l phng php GET.
Web forms cho php webserver nhn d liu t ngi dng thng qua
mng. D liu ny c th dng iu khin mt u ra hoc mt vng nh ca
h thng. Chng ta s ly mt v d l vi iu khin nhn lnh On/Off t trang
web v iu khin trng thi ca mt bng n tng ng.
43
biu mu min ph
Hnh 4.5 Vi iu khin nhn lnh t Web v iu khin
Ging nh bt k phn no trong HTML,web forms c th nhn ra thng

qua cp th <form></form>. Trong cp th ny s c cc th <input> vi cc
kiu tng tc ngi dng (nt bm,dng check,)
44
biu mu min ph
Khi cc bin ny a ti server th chng c m ha thnh mt chui

cc cp tn/gi tr, mi trng c phn cch nhau bng k t & v gia tn
v gi tr phn cch nhau bng k t =.
4.3.4 Phng php truyn d liu

C hai phng php c dng truyn d liu l phng php GET v
phngphp POST.Phng php GET t d liu ngay sau URL (VD:
/form.htm?lights=on&brightness=50). Trong nn tng PIC th y l phng
php x l d liu d nht bi n c lu vo vng nh ng thi. Tuy
nhin, di ca tn bin,gi tr,k t b gii hn bi kch thc ca vng m l
100 byte. Trong khi phng php POST khng gii hn kch thc ca d
liu,tuy nhin phng thc truyn ca n phc tp hn. Do phm vi ca n
vi t ngoi vi nn vic s dng phng php GET c cho l ti u.
Mi d liu c truyn qua phng php GET s t ng c gii m

v t vo mt mng nh curHTTP.data mt cch ng thi. Do ,vic tm
kim cc tham s rt n gin v hiu qu.
Khi thc hin truyn d liu, hm HTTPExecuteGet() c gi. Cng

ging nh vic gi hm cc bin ng,hm ny c ngi dng thc hin v
nh ngha trong CustomHTTPApp.c.
45
biu mu min ph
Kt
qu
thu
c vi v d trn:
Hnh 4.5 Kt qu truyn d liu
46
biu mu min ph
Sau khi hon tt thit lp cc bin trong web,ta tin hnh to file nh ca web
lu tr vo ROM bng phn mm MPFS2 i cng b TCP/IP Stack ca
Microchip.
- Phn mm ny c cung cp bi Microchip, cc trang web c gi li

thnh mt nh dng v lu tr trong b nh chng trnh flash ni hoc b nh
ngoi. Chng trnh ny s tm cc bin ng trong cc trang web v t ng
cp nht cc bin ny trong file HTTPPrint.h.
- Nu b nh ngoi c s dng, phn mm MPFS2 s to ra mt file BIN

v c th ti trc tip ln mch. Cn nu d liu c lu trong b nh chng
trnh flash th phn mm MPFS2 s to ra mt file ui .c v c chn vo
project.
- Khi cc bin ng c thm vo hoc b i, phn mm MPFS2 s cp

nht cho file HTTPPrint.h. Sau ta phi dch li project m bo cc bin
mi c thm vo project.
47
biu mu min ph
Hnh 4.6 Phn mm MPFS2
48
biu mu min ph
4.4 Thit k v thi cng Module SIM900

Module SIM900 hot ng nh mt chic in thoi thng thng, c kh
nng gi v nhn tin nhn SMS. Module SIM900 v vi iu khin giao tip qua
truyn thng EUART. Vi iu khin s gi lnh AT cho Module SIM900 thng
qua truyn thng EUART vi cc thng s c thit lp nh sau:
Baudrate: 9600pbs
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop bits: 1
Flow control: None
//**************Code tham khao****Focs=10Mhz**********
TXSTA1=0X20;
RCSTA1=0X90;
SPBRG=15;
//******************************************************
Ngi s dng gi tin nhn vi c php c nh trc, Module SIM900

nhn tin nhn ri truyn cho vi iu khin. Vi iu khin s phn tch ni dung
tin nhn, sau a ra tn hiu iu khin ng hoc m thit b.
49
biu mu min ph
4.4.1 Gii thut nhn tin nhn v thc thi iu khin:
Hnh 4.7 Gii thut nhn

tin nhn v thc thi iu
khin
M t gi thut:
Bt u, vi iu
khin trng thi ch tin
nhn mi. Khi c tin
nhn mi ti Module
SIM900, vi iu khin
lu ni dung tin nhn
ny vo b m. Tip
theo vi iu khin kim
tra s in thoi gi tin
nhn, nu s in thoi
sai th ra lnh xa tin
nhn, khi to li b
m v quay li trng
50
biu mu min ph
thi ch. Nu s in thoi ng vi iu khin tip tc kim tra mt khu v c

php lnh.
Nu mt khu hoc c php lnh sai th vi iu khin gi tn hiu ti

Module SIM900 gi SMS cho ngi dng bo li, ng thi xa tin nhn, khi
to li b m v quay li trng thi ch.
Nu mt khu v c php ng, th vi iu khin thc hin lnh theo yu

cu trong tin nhn SMS. Khi thc hin lnh xong th vi iu khin gi tn hiu
ti Module SIM900 gi SMS ti ngi dng bo hiu lnh c thc hin,
sau xa tin nhn, khi to li b m v quay li trng thi ch.
4.4.2 S nguyn l kt ni Module SIM900
51
biu mu min ph
Hnh 4.8 S
nguyn
l kt ni
Module
SIM900
Module SIM900 c cp ngun vi in p 4V, c p ng dng ti a

ln ti 2A. Chn PWR c kch ln mc cao trong khng 1s tt hoc bt
module. Cc chn TXD, RXD, GND c ni tng ng vi cc chn RXD,
TXD, GND ca vi iu khin.
52
biu mu min ph
4.5 Thit k phn cng mch chnh

Ngun cung cp:
D13
DIODE
7805 7805
J1 D1
2 1
VI VO
1
GND
DIODE
SIL-156-02 C1 C2
200u
47u
2
LM1117
LM1117
3 2 VEN
VI VO
GND
C16 C17
1
10u 10u
53
biu mu min ph
Hnh 4.9 S nguyn l ngun cung cp cho ton mch
- Dng IC n p:
+ LM7805: n nh in p lm vic cho PIC18F8722.
+ LM1117: n nh in p 3.3V cho IC ENC28J60 v RJ45.
- Dng cc t ha c gi tr khc nhau lc in p ra.

- Dng n led hin tr trng thi ca ngun.
- Dng nt bm ng hoc m ngun cung cp.
54
PIC18F8722
biu mu min ph
42 26
RJ7/UB
Thit k h thng iu khin thit b in trong gia nh qua Ethernet v SMS AVSS
GVHD: TS. V Vn H
RJ7 41 25
RJ6/LB AVDD
RJ6 40
RJ5/CE
RJ5 39
RJ4/BA0
RJ4 59
RJ3/WRH
RJ3 60
RJ2/WRL
RJ2 61
RJ1/OE
RJ1 62 63
RJ0/ALE RD7/PSP7/AD7/SS2
RJ0 64
RD6/PSP6/AD6/SCK2/SCL2
19 65
RH7/AN15/P1B RD5/PSP5/AD5/SDI2/SDA2
RH7 20 66
RH6/AN14/P1C RD4/PSP4/AD4/SDO2
RH6 21 67
RH5/AN13/P3B RD3/PSP3/AD3
RH5 22 68
RH4/AN12/P3C RD2/PSP2/AD2
RH4 2 69
RH3/A19 RD1/PSP1/AD1
RH3 1 72
RH2/A18 RD0/PSP0/AD0
RH2 80
RH1/A17
RH1 79 38
RH0/A16 RC7/RX1/DT1
RH0 37
RC6/TX1/CK1
MCLR 9 46
RG5/MCLR/VPP RC5/SDO
RG5 10 45
RG4/CCP5/P1D RC4/SDI/SDA
RG4 8 44
RG3/CCP4/P3D RC3/SCK/SCL
RG3 7 43
RG2/RX2/DT2 RC2/ECCP1/P1A
RG2 6 35
RG1/TX2/CK2 RC1/T1OSI/ECCP2A/P2A
RG1 5 36
RG0/CCP3/P3A RC0/T1OSO/T13CKI
RG0
13 khin PIC18F8722
Khi vi iu 47
RF7/SS RB7/KBI3/PGD
RF7 14 52
RF6/AN11/C1IN- RB6/KBI2/PGC
RF6 15 53
RF5/AN10/CVREF/C1IN+ RB5/KBI1/PGM
RF5 16 54
RF4/AN9/C2IN- RB4/KBI0
RF4 17 55
RF3/AN8/C2IN+ RB3/INT3/ECCP2B/P2A'
RF3 18 56
RF2/AN7/C1OUT RB2/INT2
RF2 23 57
RF1/AN6/C2OUT RB1/INT1
RF1 24 58
RF0/AN5 RB0/INT0
RF0
73 55 49
RE7/ECCP2C/AD15/P2A' RA7/OSC1/CLKI
RE7 74 50
RE6/AD14/P1B' RA6/OSC2/CLKO
RE6 75 33
RE5/AD13/P1C' RA5/AN4/LVDIN
biu mu min ph
R5 R33
10K 10k
BU1
R8
1 2
MCLR
RESET 470
C4
BU2 100n
RA5
R34
470
PORTD PORTB
RD0 1 2 RD1 RB0 1 2
RD2 3 4 RD3 RB2 3 4
RD4 5 6 RD5 RB4 5 6
RD6 7 8 RD7 RB6 7 8
VCC 9 10 GND VCC 9 10
10056845-110LF
Hnh 4.10 Khi vi iu khin 10056845-110LF
56
biu mu min ph JUMP_74125
JUMP_74125
R7
74HC125 RC3
1
74HC125 100
R2
RC5
RC4 3 2
100
R11
RB3
100
1
RB5
Khi giao tip mng: R4
A1
1k
Hnh 4.11 Khi giao tip mng R6
- Dng ENC28J60 kt ni mng Ethernet, tnA2
s thc anh 25Mhz.
- Dng 74HC125 kt ni gia ENC28J60 v vi iu khin
1k
PIC18F822.
- Dng u mng RJ45 HR911102
Khi ROM:
57
biu mu min ph
BUZ1
R3 BUZZE
J4
2
10k
2 RF2 R13 Q1
1 25LC256
1 NPN
10k 6
CONN-H2 RC3 5
SCK
RC5 SI
RC4
2
SO
R14
WP
3
3
1 10k 7
RA3 CS HOLD
25LC256
C5
LCD
0.1
6622
J2
MCLR 1
VEXT 2
1
VSS 3 Hnh 4.12 Khi ROM
RB7 4
RB6 5 -Khi
Dng Room 25LC256, vi dung lng 256KB lu tr Webserver
1
cm bin nhit , chung, hin th LCD, mch np

RV1
CHAN NAP
Hnh 4.13 Khi cm bin, chung, hin th, mch np 2
- Dng cm bin o nhit DS18B20.
3
10k58
biu mu min ph
- Dng chung cnh bo

- Dng Text LCD16x2 hin th
Chng 5: KT LUN
5.1 Kt lun
Qua thi gian nghin cu, thi cng n c bn c hon thnh.
Bng s n lc c gng ca bn thn mi c nhn v s phn chia, phi hp
cng vic hp l, cht ch, nhp nhng gia mi thnh vin ca nhm, bn cnh
cn l s hng dn nhit tnh, tn tm ca thy V Vn H, n ny
c hon thnh ng thi gian nh nh v t c yu cu t ra l
thit k v thi cng h thng iu khin thit b in t xa qua mng Ethernet v
tin nhn SMS. Trong qu trnh thc hin ti, chng em thu c nhng kt
qu nht nh nh sau:
- Mch in vi cc module trn mch c thit k, thi cng hon chnh

v c th nghim nhiu ln v hot ng n nh trong thc t.
- Xy dng c m hnh ng dng iu khin cc thit b v h thng

bo ng khi nhit tng cao.
H thng iu khin thit b in trong nh t xa thng qua mng Ethernet

v tin nhn SMS c thc hin nh trong ti l mt h thng vi cc chc
nng t c nh sau:
59
biu mu min ph
1. H thng c th iu khin c thit b in t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS:

- Sau khi gi tin nhn th vi ni dng tin nhn , b x l s thc thi
qu trnh x l, sau l iu khin thit b mt cch t ng.
- Tin nhn c gi i t ngi iu khin iu khin thit b in v
ngi iu khin cng nhn c tin nhn tr ngc li vi ni dng tin
nhn l thc thi lnh iu khin thnh cng hay cha.
- H thng c kh nng c bo v tt, ngha l ngi s dng phi bit
lnh iu khin v mt khu (password) th mi ng nhp c vo h
thng i vi s dng tin nhn SMS.
2. H thng ca th iu khin c thit b in t xa thng qua mng Ethernet
- Ngi dng c th dng my tnh ng nhp vo Webserver v thc thi
iu khin thit b ngay trn giao in Web.
- Trng thi ca thit b c cp nht ngay trn giao din Web.
3. H thng c tnh nng cnh bo khi nhit cao
- Khi cm bin o nhit DS18B20 c kt ni ti vi iu khin cho
bit nhit phng.
- C chc nng bo ng v gi tn nhn ti ngi dng khi nhit tng
cao qu gii hn cho php.
thc hin c cc chc nng nu trn, nhm em tm hiu, nghin

cu cc vn c lin quan ti ti nh : truyn thng UART, truyn thng
SPI, giao thc TCP/IP, vi iu khin PIC18F8722, ENC28J60, mng Ethernet,
Module Sim900, b lnh AT Command dnh cho Module, v cc vn khc
lin quan ti ti.
Cui cng, theo nhn nh ch quan ca nhm em th n c hon

thnh ng thi gian cho php v trnh by kh y cc mng kin thc
lin quan, cc vn lin qua ti ti. Song do nhng iu kin khch quan,
ti ny ch thc hin mt phn nh i vi vic iu khin. l iu khin 4
thit b cng sut v cnh bo khi nhit cao.
60
biu mu min ph
5.2 Hng pht trin ti

Do thi gian thc hin ti c hn v lng kin thc c nhn mi thnh
vin ca nhm l nht nh nn ti thc hin xong ch p ng c mt phn
nh ca mt h thng hon chnh. V vy, ti ny thm phong ph hn,
mang nhiu tnh thc t hn na, c kh nng ng dng cao hn th chng em
xut a thm vo nhng yu cu nh sau:
S dng thm nhiu loi cm bin khc, chng hn nh cm bin m

khng kh o m khng kh, h thng bo chy t ng, ng
dng vo ti. Nh th ngi dng c th hnh dung ra c ton b
khng gian trong ngi nh.
Thm khi bn phm, thi gian thc ngi dng c th trc tip chnh
nh li cc thng s ca h thng sao cho ph hp v c th hn gi
tt/bt thit b theo mun.
M rng iu khin c nhiu hn na cc thit b.
Phn cng cho mi module cn c tch ri nhm d dng cho vic
chnh sa, thay i.
Hy vng vi nhng hng pht trin nu trn cng vi nhng tng, gp

khc ca cc thy c gio, cc bn c s pht trin hn na ti ny, khc
phc nhng hn ch, tn ti ca ti, lm cho ti tr nn phong ph hn,
mang tnh ng dng cao hn vo trong thc t cuc sng, phc v cho nhng li
ch ca con ngi trong tng lai.
61
biu mu min ph
TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Hong Minh Sn, Mng Truyn Thng Cng Nghip, NXB Khoa Hc V
K Thut, 2006
[2] Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Rolin D.McKinlay, Danny Causey, PIC

Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, Courier Kendallville, Inc, 2008
[3] Mt S Trang Web Tham Kho:
www.picvietnam.com
www.4tech.com.vn
www.dientuvietnam.net
www.microchip.com
www.eprojects.ljcv.net
62

Do An Tot Nghiep Thiet Ke He Thong Dieu Khien Thiet Bi Dien Trong Gia Dinh Qua Ethernet Va Sms

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VnDoc - Ti ti liu, vn bn php lut,

2.3.2 Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack...............................................................29

Ngy nay, vi nhng ng dng ca khoa hc k thut tin tin, th gii ca

Nhn thc c tm thc tin ca ngi nh thng minh l c s chng

Di s hng dn, ch bo nhit tnh ca thy V Vn H cng vi s

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!

Nhm sinh vin thc hin

3. Mai Trung Chnh

Nh chng ta cng bit, gn nh cc thit b t ng trong nh my,

in hnh ca mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua

cc thit b trong ngi nh ny c th c iu khin t xa thng qua mng

T nhng yu cu thc t, nhng i hi ngy cng cao ca cuc sng,

Vi ti trn nhm ti thc hin vic iu khin t xa theo ba

iu khin thit b qua Ethernet vi giao thc TCP/IP. Ngi dng ng

iu khin thit b qua tin nhn SMS t nhng s in thoi c cho

o v thng bo nhit trong phng, pht tn hiu cnh bo nu nhit

T nhng nhu cu thc t , nhm em mun a mt phn nhng k

1.3 Gii hn ti nghin cu

Vi nhng g trnh by trn, nhm em tin hnh nghin cu, kho

- Thit lp mt Website v thc hin iu khin cc thit b qua giao din

- Gi tin nhn thng bo trng thi ca cc thit b v nhit trong phng

- Ngoi ra, h thng cn c chc nng t ng pht tn hiu cnh bo qua

1.4 Mc tiu nghin cu

- Nghin cu v to mt giao din Websever thc hin iu khin qua

- Tm hiu v h thng in thoi di ng GSM hin nay. Nghin cu v s

- Nghin cu v s dng chip vi iu khin PIC ca Mircochip. Chip m

+ Cnh bo ti ngi dng v pht tn hiu ra chung khi nhit phng

1.6 S TNG QUAN CA H THNG

Hnh 1.1 S tng quan h thng

D ang rt xa ngi nh, ngi s dng c th dng my tnh c kt

Khi giao tip ETHERNET:

Gm ENC26JC0 c kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F8722 truyn nhn

Khi vi iu khin PIC18F8722

Khi trung tm trong vic x l v iu khin. Vi iu khin nhn tn hiu

Khi cm bin nhit

Cm bin c s dng l DS18B20 c nhim v o nhit v gi tn

Khi hin th LCD

Gm TEXT LCD 16x2, c nhim v hin th cc thng tin c lin quan ti

Khi cng sut

Khi ny bao gm 4 BJT C1815 c nhim v khuch i in p kch

To ngun vi hai mc in p 5V cp cho vi iu khin v 3V3 cp cho

2.1 Tng quan v Ethernet

Cc chun Ethernet u hot ng tng Data Link trong m hnh 7 lp

M u SFD a ch a ch di D liu PAD FCS

2.1.2 Cu trc a ch Ethernet

Mi giao tip mng Ethernet c nh danh duy nht bi 48 bit a ch (6

- 3 octet u xc nh hng sn xut, chu s qun l ca t chc IEEE.

Kt hp ta l c mt a ch MAC duy nht cho mt giao tip mng

2.1.3 Cc loi khung Ethernet

2.1.3.1 Khung unicast

Khung ny c truyn ti mt trm xc nh. Tt c cc trm trong phn

- Ch c trm 2 thy a ch MAC ch ca khung trng vi a ch MAC

2.1.3.2 Khung broadcast

Cc khung broadcast c a ch MAC ch l FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF. Khi

2.1.3.3 Khung multicast

Trm ngun gi khung ti mt s trm nht nh ch khng phi l tt c.

2.1.4 Truy nhp bus s dng phng php CSMA/CD

Hnh 2.1: Minh ha phng php CSMA/CD

Nguyn tc lm vic phng php CSMA/CD:

- Mi trm u phi t nghe ng dn (carrier sense), nu ng dn ri

2.2 H giao thc TCP/IP

Hnh 2.2: Cu trc h giao thc TCP/IP

2.2.1 Tng ng Dng (Application Layer)