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Trang ny dnh cho cc b vi iu khin. Ti lm quen vi h MCS-51 (qua AT89C51) u tin, sau l AVR (tuy nhin
cha c kt qu ng k g). Hin nay ti ang s dng PIC trong hu ht cc thit k c s dng vi iu khin.
Nhng thng tin a ra y c ti tin l ng, nhng ti khng m bo rng mi thng tin l chnh xc 100%. Nu bn
pht hin c ch no cha ng, xin hy lin h vi ti qua: namqn (at) yahoo (dot) com. Nu bn nhn thy trang web ny
c ch, mong bn ch ph bin lin kt n trang ny ch khng sao chp ni dung ca trang ny n ni khc. Xin chn
thnh cm n s gip ca bn!
H vi iu khin MCS-51
H vi iu khin AVR cp nht 27/02/2007
H vi iu khin PIC v dsPIC cp nht 10/3/2010
Source code cho lp hc PIC
MCS-51
Hin nay ti t dng cc vi iu khin thuc h MCS-51 trong cc thit k, tuy nhin ti vn cp nht thng tin v h vi iu
khin ny, v MCS-51 vn ang l chun cng nghip.
Trc ht, ti s gii thiu s qua v h vi iu khin MCS-51, sau ti s gii thiu cc chip ca cc hng khc nhau, cc
phn mm v thit k phn cng m ti su tm c trn net.
H vi iu khin MCS-51 c hng Intel gii thiu vo nm 1980, vi cc thnh vin u tin bao gm: 8031 (khng c
ROM ni), 8051 (c ROM ni) v 8751 (c EPROM ni). Cc chc nng bao gm: ngun n 5V, 4 kB (EP)ROM
chng trnh (tr 8031), 128 byte RAM d liu, 4 bank thanh ghi, khng gian a ch chng trnh v d liu 64 kB, chu k
my gm 12 xung clock, 32 chn I/O t chc thnh 4 port (8031 ch c 16 chn), cng ni tip nhiu ch , 2 b m/
nh thi (timer/counter) 16-bit, s hc nh phn v thp nhn, b nhn/chia phn cng, v mt s chc nng khc. (Tham
kho t ti liu AP-69: An Introduction to the Intel MCS-51 Single-Chip Microcomputer Family, ca hng Intel). Ch : 1
kB = 1 kilobyte = 1024 byte.
Hng Intel sau a ra phin bn ci tin cho cc chip 8x51/8031, l cc chip 8xC52/80C32, vi dung lng ROM
ni v RAM d liu gp i (tt nhin 80C32 vn khng c ROM ni), ngha l 8 kB (EP)ROM chng trnh v 256 byte
RAM d liu. Tuy nhin, kin trc ca chip vn khng thay i, do vy 8xC52 vn thuc v h MCS-51. (Tham kho t ti
liu 8xC52/54/58 CHMOS Single-Chip Microcontroller, ca hng Intel).
Nhiu hng sn xut linh kin bn dn a ra cc chip tng thch vi h MCS-51, vi mt s ci tin nht nh. Di
y l danh sch cc nh sn xut chip tng thch MCS-51 (m ti bit), cng vi cc sn phm tng ng (mt s sn
phm l core dng cho cc h FPGA):
Di y l cc thng tin lin quan n cc phn mm v thit k phn cng cho h MCS-51. Bn hy theo cc lin kt
a ra c c phin bn mi nht.
Easy Downloader v4-phn mm trn PC giao tip vi cc mch np cho x051 v 89C5x ca Atmel, download ti
http://www.kmitl.ac.th.
SPI Flash Programmer v3.7-phn mm trn PC (ca Asim Khan) giao tip vi mch np SPI cho dng 89S (v
AVR) ca Atmel, cng do Asim Khan thit k, download ti http://www.kmitl.ac.th.
FLIP (FLexible In-system Programmer)-phn mm trn PC ca hng Atmel, dng np cho cc chip Flash C51
ca Atmel (ti khng r nhng chip no c h tr), download ti http://www.atmel.com.
FLIP 3 (FLexible In-system Programmer 3)-phn mm trn PC ca hng Atmel, dng np cho cc chip
AT90USB ca Atmel, download ti http://www.atmel.com.
AT89ISP-phn mm trn PC ca hng Atmel, dng np cho cc chip 89S/LP ca Atmel, download ti
http://www.atmel.com.
MTK-Microcontroller Tool Kit-phn mm trn PC ca Dallas np cho cc chip DS89C4x0, thng qua
bootloader c trong chip, download ti http://www.maxim-ic.com.
WSD-Windows Serial Downloader-phn mm trn PC ca Analog Devices np cho cc chip ADuC8xx, thng
qua bootloader c trong chip, download ti http://www.analog.com.
Reads51-mt IDE vi trnh bin dch C (tng thch vi SmallC), trnh hp dch, b m phng cho h MCS-51.
Phin bn min ph c th download ti http://www.rigelcorp.com.
EC++-mt IDE vi trnh bin dch C (tng thch vi sdcc), trnh hp dch, b m phng cho h MCS-51. Phin bn
min ph c gii hn 8 kB m lnh, download ti http://www.ceibo.com.
uC/51-mt IDE vi trnh bin dch C, trnh hp dch. Phin bn min ph c gii hn 8 kB m lnh, download ti
http://www.wickenhaeuser.de.
Easy Downloader v1.x, 2.x, 3.0-mch np cho x051 v 89C5x ca Atmel, giao tip vi phn mm Easy Downloader
ni trn, download ti http://www.kmitl.ac.th.
Mch np SPI ca Asim Khan cho dng 89S (v h AVR) ca Atmel, xem ti http://www.kmitl.ac.th.
Vi FLIP, FLIP 3, v AT89ISP, bn hy c ti liu hng dn ca phn mm thc hin cc phn cng tng
thch
Thit k phn cng tng thch vi MTK ca Dallas c th xem ti http://www.maxim-ic.com.
Tham kho s ca mt Evaluation Board cho ADuC8xx thc hin phn cng tng thch vi WSD ca Analog
Devices
AVR
Hin nay ti khng s dng cc chip AVR, do ch cung cp cc cng c (phn mm v thit k phn cng) m ti su
tm c vo thi gian trc. Ti cung cp lin kt n trang gc vi mong mun l bn s c c phin bn mi nht.
SPI Flash Programmer v3.7-phn mm trn PC (ca Asim Khan) giao tip vi mch np SPI cho h AVR (v
dng 89S) ca Atmel, cng do Asim Khan thit k, download ti http://www.kmitl.ac.th.
PonyProg-phn mm trn PC (ca Lanconelli) giao tip vi mt s mch np (SI-Prog, AVRISP-STK200/300)
cho h AVR, download ti http://www.lancos.com.
AVR Studio-mt IDE vi trnh hp dch, b m phng cho h AVR. Hon ton min ph v download ti
http://www.atmel.com.
ICCAVR-mt IDE vi trnh bin dch C, trnh hp dch cho h AVR. Phin bn (demo) min ph c y tnh nng
trong 45 ngy, sau gii hn 4 kB m lnh, download ti http://www.imagecraft.com.
CodeVisionAVR-mt IDE vi trnh bin dch C, trnh hp dch, tng thch vi AVR Studio. Phin bn min ph gii
hn 2 kB m lnh, download ti http://www.hpinfotech.ro.
WinAVR-mt b cng c m ngun m cho h AVR, vi trnh bin dch C, phn mm np chip, b g ri, v cc
cng c khc. Hon ton min ph v download ti http://sourceforge.net.
VMLAB-gii thiu mt khi nim mi, virtual prototyping IDE, tm dch l mi trng pht trin th nghim o. Phn
mm ny kt hp vi WinAVR s cung cp cho ngi dng mt h pht trin Visual dnh cho AVR. Hon ton min
ph v download ti http://www.amctools.com. Ti cha tng dng th phn mm ny.
Mch np SPI ca Asim Khan cho h AVR (v dng 89S) ca Atmel, xem ti http://www.kmitl.ac.th
Mch np SI-Prog ca Lanconelli v AVRISP (STK200/300) cho h AVR ca Atmel, xem ti
http://www.lancos.com.
PIC v dsPIC
Hu ht cc mch vi iu khin ca ti hin nay dng PIC v dsPIC. Ti ang tham gia din n PIC Vietnam, ti ti
trao i kinh nghim s dng PIC v dsPIC vi nhng ngi dng khc. Ti dng phn ny ca trang web h thng ha
cc kin thc v PIC v dsPIC, cng nh cung cp cc thng tin v phn mm v thit k phn cng m ti su tm c
trn net.
C bn v PIC
PIC ni chung l h vi iu khin 8-bit/16-bit, da trn kin trc Harvard sa i, vi tp lnh rt gn (do vy PIC thuc
loi RISC). PIC c sn xut t dng c bn nh PIC10 hay PIC12, qua dng cp thp PIC16, cho n dng cp cao
PIC18. Hin nay hng Microchip c cc h vi iu khin 16-bit, gm PIC24H v PIC24F. Hng Microchip cng va
gii thiu vo thng 11 nm 2007 h vi iu khin 32-bit, PIC32MX, da trn li MIPS32 M4K.
C bn v dsPIC
Ch xt ring phn vi iu khin, dsPIC ging nh PIC24, l cc vi iu khin 16-bit, da trn kin trc Harvard sa i,
vi tp lnh rt gn (nh vy dsPIC v PIC24 cng thuc loi RISC). dsPIC hin nay gm c hai dng: dsPIC30F v
dsPIC33F.
WinPic Programmer-phn mm np chng trnh cho mi loi PIC, k c dsPIC, do Wolfgang Buescher,
DL4YHF vit. Phn mm min ph ny cho php ty bin phn cng (h tr cc mch np qua cng ni tip v song
song), v b sung chip c h tr thng qua tp tin cu hnh. Phin bn mi nht ca phn mm c th download ti
http://people.freenet.de/dl4yhf/.
WinPic800-phn mm np chng trnh cho mi loi PIC, k c dsPIC, do Sisco Benach Font vit. Phn mm
min ph ny cho php ty bin phn cng (h tr cc mch np qua cng ni tip, song song, v USB), t ng
nhn din chip cn np, v c tc rt nhanh. Phin bn mi nht ca phn mm c th download ti
http://www.winpic800.com.
PICPgm Develop. Programmer-phn mm np chng trnh cho PIC12F n PIC18F, do Christian Stadler vit.
Phn mm min ph ny cho php ty bin phn cng (h tr cc mch np qua cng ni tip, song song, v USB),
v t ng nhn din chip cn np. Phin bn mi nht ca phn mm c th download ti
http://www.members.aon.at/electronics/. Xem gii thiu v mch np PICPgm USB Programmer di y.
OshonSoft Parallel Port Programmer-phn mm np chng trnh cho PIC16F v PIC18F, do Vladimir Soso
vit. Phn mm min ph ny gm 2 chng trnh nh vit ring cho PIC16F v PIC18F, cho php ty bin phn
cng (qua cng song song). Ring bn dnh cho PIC18F cho php b sung chip c h tr thng qua tp tin cu
hnh. Phin bn mi nht ca phn mm c th download ti http://www.oshonsoft.com.
melabs Programmer-phn mm np chng trnh cho mi loi PIC, k c dsPIC, ca hng melabs. Phn mm ny
c pht trin dng chung vi cc mch np ca hng melabs, thng l cc mch np c smart chip v cn
firmware. Nhng may mn l phn mm ny li h tr mt mch np n gin tng thch vi mch np Tait classic,
giao tip qua cng song song. Phn mm ny khng phi min ph, nhng bn c th download bn th nghim beta
min ph ti http://www.melabs.com.
EPIC Win-phn mm np chng trnh cho PIC16 v PIC18, ca hng melabs. Phn mm ny tng t nh
melabs Programmer, c thit k dng ring cho cc mch np ca melabs, nhng cng h tr mch np tng
thch Tait classic qua cng song song. Phn mm ny khng phi min ph, nhng bn c th download bn th
nghim beta min ph ti http://www.melabs.com.
Cc phn mm ca sprut-h tr vic np chng trnh cho tt c cc PIC v dsPIC30F dng b nh flash. Cc phn
mm min ph ny giao tip vi cc mch np qua cng song song. FlashOver12 dng cho cc chip c li 12-bit (hin
h tr 10 chip), PBrennerNG dng cho cc chip c li 14-bit (hin h tr 58 chip), P18 dng cho cc chip 18F 16-
bit (hin h tr 88 chip), v dsProg dng cho cc chip dsPIC30F (hin h tr 28 chip). Phin bn mi nht ca cc
phn mm c th download ti http://www.sprut.de. Trang web vit bng ting c, nhng ti tin l bn c th tm
c cc phn mm cn thit. May mn l cc phn mm c giao din ting Anh.
US-Burn-phn mm ca sprut dng vi mch np Brenner8/Brenner9 (c gii thiu di y), thng qua giao tip
USB. Hin nay danh sch chip c h tr c 356 loi khc nhau, t PIC10F n dsPIC33F. Theo kt qu th
nghim mi ca ti, hin nay cc dng PIC cp thp, tm trung, cp cao, v dsPIC u c h tr. Tc ca gii
php ny l kh nhanh, vi phn mm kh nhiu tnh nng. Phin bn mi nht c th download ti
http://www.sprut.de.
PICkit 2 Programmer-phn mm ca Microchip dng vi mch np/debug PICkit 2, thng qua giao tip USB. H tr
hu nh ton b cc chip flash ca Microchip, t PIC10F n PIC32. Tc ca gii php ny l nhanh, vi phn
mm c cc tnh nng c bn (ring phn thng tin cu hnh th ch hin th). Phin bn mi nht c th download
ti http://www.microchip.com.
MPLAB IDE-mt IDE vi trnh hp dch, b m phng. Hon ton min ph v download ti
http://www.microchip.com. V hng Microchip thng xuyn cp nht trang web, ti s khng a ra lin kt c th
y. Bn hy theo lin kt ca MPLAB IDE n trang thng tin ca n, trong s c lin kt download.
CC5X-trnh bin dch C cho PIC tm trung ci tin, tm trung v c bn, ca hng BKND, tng thch vi MPLAB
IDE. Phin bn min ph mi c gii hn 32 kword (32768 word) b nh chng trnh (tc l khng gii hn v
khng gian chng trnh, v ngay c PIC tm trung ci tin cng ch c ti a 32 kword b nh chng trnh),
download ti http://www.bknd.com.
CC8E-trnh bin dch C cho PIC cao cp (PIC18), ca hng BKND, tng thch vi MPLAB IDE. Phin bn min
ph mi c gii hn 128 kword (131072 word) b nh chng trnh (tc l khng gii hn v khng gian chng
trnh, v n thi im hin ti th PIC18 vi b nh chng trnh ln nht cng ch c 64 kword b nh chng
trnh), download ti http://www.bknd.com.
HI-TECH C PRO for the PIC10/PIC12/PIC16-trnh bin dch C cho PIC tm trung v c bn, ca hng HI-TECH,
tng thch vi MPLAB IDE v HI-TIDE. Phin bn min ph (Lite mode) gii hn kh nng ti u m, download ti
http://www.htsoft.com.
MPLAB C18 SE-trnh bin dch C cho PIC cp cao, tng thch vi MPLAB IDE. Phin bn min ph y tnh
nng trong 60 ngy, sau gii hn kh nng ti u m, download ti http://www.microchip.com. Bn hy theo lin
kt ca Development Tools, ri n MPLAB C18 Compiler.
HI-TECH C PRO for the PIC18-trnh bin dch C cho PIC cp cao, ca hng HI-TECH, tng thch vi MPLAB
IDE v HI-TIDE. Phin bn min ph (Lite mode) gii hn kh nng ti u m, download ti http://www.htsoft.com.
Ti cha tng dng trnh bin dch ny.
MPLAB C30 SE-trnh bin dch C cho dsPIC v PIC24, tng thch vi MPLAB IDE. Phin bn min ph y
tnh nng trong 60 ngy, sau gii hn kh nng ti u m, download ti http://www.microchip.com. Bn hy theo
lin kt ca Development Tools, ri n MPLAB C30 Compiler.
MPLAB C32 SE-trnh bin dch C cho PIC32, tng thch vi MPLAB IDE. Phin bn min ph y tnh nng
trong 60 ngy, sau gii hn kh nng ti u m, download ti http://www.microchip.com.
HI-TECH C PRO for the PIC32-trnh bin dch C cho PIC32, ca hng HI-TECH, tng thch vi MPLAB IDE v
HI-TIDE. Phin bn min ph (Lite mode) gii hn kh nng ti u m, download ti http://www.htsoft.com. Ti cha
tng dng trnh bin dch ny.
JDM-mch np rt n gin cho nhiu dng PIC, giao tip vi my tnh qua cng ni tip, c rt nhiu phn mm
h tr. Mch nguyn l c th xem ti http://www.jdm.homepage.dk
JDM Mod-mch np da trn SI-Prog v tng thch JDM, giao tip vi my tnh qua cng ni tip, do ti thit k
(nhm khc phc vn in p thp ca cc cng ni tip trong cc my laptop). Mch nguyn l c th thy hnh
1.
Schaer+ Mod-mch np da trn Schaer+, giao tip vi my tnh qua cng song song, do ti sa i, c a s
phn mm h tr (v thc cht tng thch vi mch np Tait classic). Mch nguyn l c th thy hnh 2.
PICPgm USB-mch np do Christian Stadler thit k, ch s dng mt vi mch FT245BL (hay FT245BM) v mt
mch logic 7414. Tc gi mong mun gii quyt trit bi ton "con g v qu trng" ( c c mt mch np,
cn np chng trnh cho mt vi iu khin s c dng trong ... mch np ). Kt qu th nghim ca ti cho
thy tc ca mch np vn cn thp, c bit l tc c d liu t chip. Tuy nhin, nhng ai quan tm c th
tm thy s mch ti http://www.members.aon.at/electronics/.
Brenner8-mch np do sprut thit k, dng vi phn mm US-Burn gii thiu trn. Mch c tc kh cao, h
tr 207 loi PIC v dsPIC. Mch np ny s dng PIC18F2550 v mt s linh kin ri, trong in cm dng
trong mch nng p c th hi kh tm ti Vit Nam. Cn ch l mch phi c calib trc khi gn chip cn np
vo, nu khng bn c th lm hng chip. Chng trnh trn host PC v firmware cho PIC18F2550 l hon ton
min ph (ng gi chung trong mt tp tin nn), c th download ti http://www.sprut.de.
Brenner9-mch np do sprut thit k, dng vi phn mm US-Burn gii thiu trn. Mch c tc kh cao, h
tr 143 loi PIC v dsPIC in p thp (danh nh l 3.3 V). Mch np ny s dng PIC18F2550 v mt s linh
kin ri. Cn ch l mch phi c calib trc khi gn chip cn np vo, nu khng bn c th lm hng chip.
Chng trnh trn host PC v firmware cho PIC18F2550 l hon ton min ph (ng gi chung trong mt tp tin
nn), c th download ti http://www.sprut.de.
Ch thch: S-Schaer+, J-JDM, P-PICPgm USB, B-Brenner8, PK-PICkit 2. Cc c k hiu '-' ngha l t hp phn cng
v phn mm khng h tr chip tng ng hay cha c th nghim.