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I l
+ I2
In acidic solutions DCIP is red, but if ascorbic acid is present, it will be reduced
to a colorless substance. The solution will remain colorless as more DCIP is
added until all of the ascorbic acid has reacted. As soon as the next drop of
DCIP solution is added at the solution will be light red, due to the excess DCIP
and the end point of the titration has been reached.
Need standardization of the 2, 6-Dichloroindophenol solution once a day
with a solution of ascorbic acid with a known concentration
Prinsip analisis
Ox: vitamin Cred vitamin Cox + 2 e +
2 H+ (1)
Red: DCPox + 2 e + 2 H+ DCPred (2)
Overall: vitamin Cred + DCPox vitamin
Cox + DCPred (3)
Calculation for Reduced Vitamin C
F V
mg Ascorbic Acid/g = (A-B) x x
E X
CH3 CH3
H3C CH3
OH
Retinol
CH3
b - Carotene and Retinol
CH 3
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
H3 C
CH 3
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
CH 3
Oxidation
CH 3 CH 3 O
H3 C CH 3
C H
CH 3 Retainal
- 2H
CH 3 CH 3
H3 C CH 3
CH 2 OH
CH 3 Retinol (Vitamin A)
Vitamin A Activity Determnination in Foods
HPLC
Vitamin A
Pyrimidine Thiazole
H3C N NH2 S CH2CH2OH Mono-, pyro-,
N N or triphosphate.
CH2 CH3
Protein
K 3Fe(CN) 6
Oxidation
N N
CH2 CH3
measure the absorbance at 435 nm
THIOCHROME (Fluorescent)
Thiamin Determination in Flour
1. 5 g flour
2. 75 ml 0.1 N HCl
3. Make volume to 100 ml
4. Digest at 100oC for 30 min
5. Centrifuge and filter
Thiamine
Riboflavin
3
Niacin Thiamin
Inject 4
1
Flavinmononucleotide(FMN)
CH2 OH
Flavoadeninedinucleotide (FAD)
HOCH Flavoprotein
HOCH
HOCH
HCH
CH 3
N N O
8 9 1
7 2
6 10 3
5 4
CH 3 N
O
6,7 Dimethyl-9-D-1-Ribitylisoalloxazine
Sample Preparation
O O
C OH C NH2
N N
Ribose Ribose
Nicotinamideadeninedincleotide (NAD)
Niacin Determination
1. Digestion and Hydrolysis
Autoclave
Sample + Ca(OH) 2 2 Hours
1 O
O
C OH + CNBr C OH REARRANGEMENT
REARRANGED
RING IS OPENED DERIVATIVE
N N
Br CN
2
O
RERRANGED +
H2 N S OH
DERIVATIVE
O
O
C-OH O
R-N-CH=CH-CH=C-CH=N S OH
O
Niacine Standard Plot
mg Niacin