data(mantel)

head(mantel)
attach(mantel)
fm <- lm(Y~X1+X2+X3)
step(lm(Y~X1+X2+X3),direction="backward")
step(lm(Y~1),scope=~X1+X2+X3,direction="forward")
n <- nrow(mantel)
s <- matrix(nrow=8,ncol=3)
Cp <- numeric(8)
aic <- numeric(8)
bic <- numeric(8)
for (k in 0:1) {
for (j in 0:1) {
for (i in 0:1) {
if (i==0) x1 <- rep(0,n) else x1 <- mantel[,2]
if (j==0) x2 <- rep(0,n) else x2 <- mantel[,3]
if (k==0) x3 <- rep(0,n) else x3 <- mantel[,4]
m <- lm(Y~1+x1+x2+x3)
#RSS <- sum(resid(m)^2)
#Cp[1+i+2*j+4*k] <- RSS/sigma^2+2*(1+i+j+k)-n
aic[1+i+2*j+4*k] <- extractAIC(m)[2]
bic[1+i+2*j+4*k] <- extractAIC(m, k = log(n))[2]
s[1+i+2*j+4*k,] <- as.logical(c(i,j,k))
}
}
}
dimnames(s) <- list(c("1","2","2","3","2","3","3","4"),c("X1","X2","X3"))
detach(mantel)
data.frame(s, aic, bic)
#9.5866131 9.2150658 9.2518654 -287.7493779 -0.3087485 1.5361276 1
.5317160 -285.7683851