The propeller must have many blades to develop a high starting torque, which is

needed to start the piston pump. Generally, windmills begin working when the
wind speeds exceed 7 mph.
Solar energy is used mainly for pumping water for livestock or for home use.It is
seldom used for irrigation because of the amount of water needed for crops.
However, solar pumps are economically feasible for irrigation that uses very low
heads or has very low lifting requirements, such as drip irrigation, which uses less
water than other types. Solar pumps work by converting solar radiation into
electricity through the use of photocells made of silicon, usually called
photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cells are enclosed in a glass frame, which
makes up the solar module. Sometimes an array of solar modules is needed to
produce enough energy for the pump. The modules are mounted on a frame in an
assembly called a photovoltaic (PV) array. The PV array is connected to a
controller and then with an electrical power cable to the motor/pump subsystem
in a well (Fig.2). Submersible pumps usually use a direct current (DC) motor.
Motors that use alternate current (AC) must have a DC-to-AC inverter. DC motors
are recommended because using an inverter costs more, and power is lost in the
DCto-AC conversion.

The most common DC motors work at a nominal voltage of 24, 36 and 48

volts, which can perform at 32, 42, and 64 volts. A problem with DC motors in
the past has been that they needed carbon brushes, which wore out and needed
regular replacement. New, maintenance-free DC motors have recently been
developed that use an electronic circuitry to perform the same function as the
brushes. Today, most submersible pumps use brushless DC motors or AC motors
with an inverter.
Gne enerjisi ounlukla hayvanclk iin veya ev kullanm iin su
pompalamak iin kullanlr. Bitkiler iin gerekli su miktar nedeniyle
sulama iin nadiren kullanlr. Bununla birlikte, ok dk kafalar
kullanan veya dier trlere gre daha az su kullanan damla sulama gibi
ok dk kaldrma gereksinimleri olan sulama iin gne enerjisi
pompalar ekonomik olarak uygundur. Gne enerjisi pompalar,
genellikle fotovoltaik hcreler olarak adlandrlan, silisyumdan yaplm
fotosellerin kullanlmasyla gne radyasyonunu elektrie dntrerek
alr. Fotovoltaik hcreler gne modln oluturan cam bir
ereveye yerletirilir. Bazen pompa iin yeterli enerji retmek iin bir
dizi gne modl gerekir. Modller, bir fotovoltaik (PV) dizi olarak
adlandrlan bir dzenekte bir ereveye monte edilir. PV dizisi bir
denetleyiciye, daha sonra bir kuyudaki motor / pompa alt sistemine bir
elektrik kablosuyla balanr (ekil 2). Dalg pompalar genellikle bir
doru akm (DC) motor kullanrlar. Alternatif akm (AC) kullanan
motorlarda bir DC-AC dntrc bulunmaldr. DC motorlar nerilir
nk bir invertr kullanmak daha fazla maliyetlidir ve DCto-AC
dnmnde g kaybolur.

En yaygn DC motorlar nominal voltaj 24, 36 ve 48'de alr

Volt, 32, 42 ve 64 volt deerinde performans gsterebilir. DC motorlarda
bir sorun
Gemi karbon fralarna ihtiya duyduklarn, bunlar giyip tkettiini
Dzenli deitirme. Yakn zamanda, fralarla ayn ilevi gerekletirmek
iin bir elektronik devre kullanan yeni, bakm gerektirmeyen DC
motorlar gelitirildi. Gnmzde, ou dalg pompa, frasz DC
motorlar veya inverterli AC motorlar kullanmaktadr.
The main advantage of using renewable energy is that there is no
energy cost to pump the wa t e r.

Both solar and wind energy systems use pumps to lift the water from
underground to a storage tank. To estimate the size of the pump to
meet your needs, you must consider several factors:
The amount of water needed each day
The pumping capacity, or the number of gallons per hour the pump
must be able to lift
The amount of horsepower required to lift
that amount of water
To calculate your pumping needs, first estimate how much water will be
used each day and how far the water must be lifted from underground
(the depth of the well). Table 2 offers guidelines for estimating the
water requirements for people and livestock. To estimate the total
water requirements per day, multiply the number of people or animals
by the amount of water they are expected toconsume each day
Hem gne enerjisi hem de rzgar enerjisi sistemleri, suyun yeraltndan bir
depolama tankna tanmas iin pompalar kullanr. htiyalarnz karlamak iin
pompann boyutunu tahmin etmek iin birka faktr gz nne almalsnz:
Her gn ihtiya duyulan su miktar
Pompalama kapasitesi veya pompann kaldrmas gereken saatte galon says
Kaldrmak iin gereken beygir gc miktar
Bu su miktar
Pompalama ihtiyalarnz hesaplamak iin ncelikle her gn ne kadar su
kullanlacan ve suyun yeraltndan (kuyunun derinlii) ne kadar kaldrlmas
gerektiini tahmin ediniz. Tablo 2, insanlar ve hayvanlar iin su gereksinimlerini
tahmin etmek iin klavuzlar sunmaktadr. Her gn toplam su gereksinimlerini
tahmin etmek iin, kii veya hayvan saysn her gn kullanmay bekledii su
miktaryla arpn
Next you need to figure the amount of horsepower the pump will need
to have. To estimate the horsepower needed, first convert the pumping
capacity from gallons per hour to gallons per minute.
Sonra pompann sahip olmas gereken beygir gc miktarn anlamanz gerekir.
Gerekli beygir gcn tahmin etmek iin nce pompalama kapasitesini saat
bana galon cinsinden dakikada galonlara evirin.

When buying a windmill, you will need to know the lift and daily water
requirements. Use the formulas above to determine the horsepower
your pump needs to have.The primary components of a windmill are the
blades, the tower and engine, pump rod, the drop pipe (usually 2-inch
galvanized pipe), sucker rod (wood pole, steel rod or fiberglass) and the
piston pump (see Fig. 1). If there are tall trees in the area, you may
need or want a taller tower to raise the fan blades above the trees and
into the wind. However, windmills are usually no more than 35 feet tall;
otherwise, the towers become very expensive. A windmills pumping
output is affected by three factors: wind speed, wheel or blade
diameter, and the diameter of the cylinder (Table 3).
Wind speed has an important effect on the pumping output. In fact, the
power available from the wind is proportional to the cube of the wind
speed. This means that when the wind speed doubles, the power
increases eight times. Most windmills do not operate at wind speeds of
less than 7 mph or more than 30 mph, as the
mill can be damaged by high winds.

Bir yel deirmeni alrken, asansr ve gnlk su gereksinimlerini bilmeniz

gerekecektir. Pompanzn sahip olmas gereken beygir gcn belirlemek iin
yukardaki formlleri kullann. Bir yel deirmeninin ana bileenleri baklar, kule
ve motor, pompa ubuu, damla boru (genellikle 2 in galvanizli boru), emici
ubuk (ahap kutup, elik ubuk veya fiberglas) ve pistonlu pompa (baknz ekil
1). Blgede uzun boylu aalar varsa, fan baklarn aalarn stnde ve
rzgara ykseltmek iin daha uzun bir kuleye ihtiyacnz olabilir veya
isteyebilirsiniz. Bununla birlikte, yeldeirmenler genelde 35 metreden uzun
deildir; Aksi takdirde, kuleler ok pahal hale gelir. Bir rzgar deirminin pompa
k faktrden etkilenir: rzgar hz, tekerlek veya bak ap ve silindirin ap
(Tablo 3).
Rzgar hz pompalama kts zerinde nemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Aslnda rzgarn
gc rzgar hznn kp ile orantldr. Bu, rzgar hz ikiye katlandnda, g
sekiz kat artt anlamna gelir. ou yeldeirmeni, 7 mil / saat veya 30 mil /
saatten daha fazla rzgar hznda almaz;
Deirmen yksek rzgarlardan zarar grebilir.

The most common type of wind pumping system is completely

mechanical. A typical wind water pumping system includes: a wind
rotor, a tower, a mechanical pump, mechanical linkage, a full water
source, and piping to deliver the pumped water. Also there is some form
of water storage as well as wind water pump. For example, a large
water tank, pond, or reservoirs may be used for water storage,
depending on the application.
Rzgar pompa sisteminin en yaygn tipi tamamen mekaniktir. Tipik bir rzgar
suyu pompa sistemi unlar ierir: Rzgar trbini, bir kule, bir mekanik pompa,
mekanik balant, bir tam su kayna ve pompalanan suyu iletmek iin borular.
Ayrca rzgar suyu pompasnn yan sra bir miktar su depolamas da vardr.
rnein, uygulamaya bal olarak su depolamas iin byk bir su deposu, havuz
veya rezervuar kullanlabilir.

Windmills can be used to pump water, aerate dugouts, and generate electricity.
There are two types of wind powered water pumps. The traditional reciprocating
pump has the windmill situated directly over the water source. It offers the best
pumping capacities, but requires periodic maintenance and part replacement.
Compressed air pumping systems are now the most commonly used because of
their lower cost. This type of windmill pump compresses air which in turn,
activates a pump located in the water. Water enters the pump until the floating
valve rises to close the inlet opening, at which time the compressed air displaces
water out of the pump and up to the trough. The air exhausted aerates the water
source so that good water quality is maintained.
Because wind is a variable energy source, windmill pumping systems require
sufficient water storage to maintain a constant supply of water during calm
periods.

Yel deirmenleri su pompalamak, az boluklarn havalandrmak ve elektrik

retmek iin kullanlabilir. ki tr rzgar enerjisi ile alan su pompas vardr.
Geleneksel pistonlu pompa, dorudan su kaynann zerinde bulunan
yeldeirmenine sahiptir. En iyi pompalama kapasitesini sunar ancak periyodik
bakm ve parann deitirilmesini gerektirir.
Basnl hava pompalama sistemleri imdi daha dk maliyetleri nedeniyle en
ok kullanlan sistemdir. Bu tr yel deirmeni pompas hava sktracak ve suyun
iinde bulunan bir pompay da aktive edecektir. Su, kayan valf ykseldike giri
deliini kapatana kadar pompaya girer, bu srada sktrlm hava suyunu
pompadan darya ve olua kadar yer deitirir. Yorulan hava iyi su kalitesinin
korunmas iin su kaynan havalandrr.
Rzgar deiken bir enerji kayna olduu iin, yel deirmeni pompa sistemleri,
sakin periyotlarda sabit bir su temini salamak iin yeterli miktarda su
depolamas gerektirir.