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2016 Vol.2 No.

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KINU +
2016 Vol.2 No.1

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: 2-02361 (97.4.23)
: 2016 2 29
: (137-756) 217
: 02-2023-8000
: http://www.kinu.or.kr

, 2016
,
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C o n te n ts

| _v

| _vii


4 _02


1 _35
, ,
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2 _51
Is the American Century Over?, Joseph. S. Nye Jr.
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3 _63
The Politics of Authoritarian Rule, Milan W. Svolik
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| , 2
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4

2016.01.15.(), 15:00~18:00
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1
, ,
|

2
Is the American Century Over?, Joseph. S. Nye Jr.
|

3
The Politics of Authoritarian Rule, Milan W. Svolik
|


- , ,

1976
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% ,
.

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64% .
23% .
77%

_ | 35
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36 | KINU + 2016

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? (Sendhil mullainathan)
(Eldar Shafir) (: Scarcity-Why having too little
means so much)
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38 | KINU + 2016
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40 | KINU + 2016
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_ | 41
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_ | 47

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48 | KINU + 2016

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2016. 2.10)

http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2015/01/30/0200000000AKR2015013
0169600002.HTML?input=1195m

_ | 49


- Joseph. S. Nye Jr. Is the American Century Over?

1 12 .
,
, , ,

.

,
(White House 2016).


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, ,

_ | 51
.

,
.
(progressive pragmatism)
. ,

(offshore balancer)
.
,

.

(Joseph S. Nye Jr.) <Is the American


Century Over?>(2015)
,
.

(G.W. Bush) (retrenchment)
,
.

,
,
(diffusion)
.
,
, multi-partner world

52 | KINU + 2016
. ,
,
,
.


,
(Nye) .
,

.

(liberal
internationalism), (neoconservatism),
,
(grand strategy) .
(self-determination),
(Sitaraman, 2014).
,
. ,

, (intervention)
(restraint) .


, (morality)

_ | 53

.
.
,
,
.
, ,
(retrenchment)
.

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1
(reluctant realist) (OHanron, 2012).

.

,
. Huntington(1988) Fallows(2010)
2
. 2
(God) (Founders) ,
2
. 1957
, 1960
(multipolarity) , 1980

54 | KINU + 2016

.
.

,

.
. ,
(purchasing power parity) , .
(TPP) (RCEP)

.
.

.


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,
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(grand strategy)
.
.

. 2
(internationalist) , Sestanovich(2014)
(maximalist) (retrenchment)
.

_ | 55
(multilateral retrenchment)

.
, ,
(pivot) .
(peace through strength) ,
,
(American exceptionalism) .

(Streich and Marrar, 2014).
1
,

.


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.

,

56 | KINU + 2016
(ethnocentrism)
.
,

,
.
,
.

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,

. , 2008

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_ | 57

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(entropy)

58 | KINU + 2016
. ,
,
.

,
.

(domination) (leadership)
,
multi-partner world
.

. ,

.

1
.

,

.
,
,
.
(overstretch)
.

_ | 59
.
(Smeltz, Daalder and Kafura, 2014),

.
, , ,
.
(polarization)
,

.

.
2016
,
.

60 | KINU + 2016

Fallows, James. How America can Rise Again. The Atlantic, January/
February 2010.

Huntington, Samuel P. The U.S. Decline or Renewal? Foreign Affairs


Vol. 62, No. 2. 1988/89.

Nye Jr. Joseph S., Is the American Century Over? Malden: Polity Press,
2015.

O Hanron, Michael. President Obama: Reluctant Realist. Brookings Up


Front. March 16, 2012.
__________________. Bending History: Barack Obama s Foreign Policy.
Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2012.

Sestanovich, Stephen. Maximalist. New York: Knopf, 2014.

Sitaraman, Ganesh. Progressive Pragmatism, The American Interests.


Vol. 9. No. 5. 2014.

Smeltz, Dina, Ivo Daalder, and Craig Kafura. Foreign Policy in the Age of
Retrenchment. Chicago: Chicago Council on Global Affairs. 2014
Streich. Gregory W. and Khalil Marrar. President Obama and American
Exceptionalism: Is the United States an Indispensable Nation in a
Multipolar World? In The Global Obama: Crossroad of Leadership in
the 21st Century, edited by Dinesh Shama and Uwe P. Gielen. New
York: Routledge, 2014.

White House. Remarks of President Barack Obama-State of the Union


Address as Delivered. The White House Office of the Press
Secretary. January 13, 2016.

_ | 61


- The Politics of Authoritarian Rule, Milan W. Svolik

(Milan W. Svolik) 2012


(The Politics of Authoritarian Rule) .
, ,
,
(allies) , .
,
.

3 . (Arendt 1951),
(Fredrich Brzezinski 1965) .
, (Croissant,
Wurster 2013, 2). (Linz) .
, ,

_ | 63
(Linz 1975, 2000; Linz Cehabi 1998),
. (Guillermo
A. O' Donnell)

(O' Donnell 1979).
(Kllner,
Kailitz 2013, 2).

. (Samuel P.
Huntington) 1974 15 30
3
(, 2011, 4550). 3
. ,
.

1990 15 .
(Croissant, Wurster 2013, 2).

(Diamond 2008) 1980
. 2015 51(26%)
26 36% (Freedom House 2015, 8).

(large-N)
. (Babara Geddes)
3 ,
.
(Kllner, Kailitz 2013, 2).
(Carothers 2002), (Ottaway 2003),
(Levitsky Way 2002, 2010), (Diamond 2002;

64 | KINU + 2016
Schedler 2006), (Svolik 2008)
(Merkel 2010, 18). .

,
(Kllner, Kailitz 2013, 2).

.
?,
?,
?, (PRI)
? .

2 . ,
. .
( ), .
.
. , (Adam Przeworski)
2 .
2 ,
(Przeworski
et al. 2000; Boix 2003; Cheibub et al. 2010).

2
. ,
. ,
. 2

_ | 65
2 .
, (authoritarian control) .

. .
, .
, (authoritarian
power-sharing) .
, .
, .

2
.

.

.

1946~2008 316 , ,
, .
303 ( ) 205(68%), 32
(11%), 30(10%), 20(7%), 16
(5%) .
, , .

.

66 | KINU + 2016
.

2 . ,
,


. , , ,

.


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, (Gandhi 2008) ,
(Magaloni, Kricheli 2010)
.
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3 ,
3 .



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2 . ,
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_ | 67
( PRI ) . ,
. (personalism,
)
.
.

3 ,
. .
, ,
.

. ,
,
. .
.

.

.
, 3
1946~2008 .
, , , 4 .
, , ,
.
.
,
.

68 | KINU + 2016
.

3 4 . 3
.
.
.
, .
.
,
.
,
, .


(contested autocracy) (established autocracy)
.
.
.
.
, ,
. ,
, .

4 .
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, ,
.

,

_ | 69
.

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5 6 .
.
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. .
.

70 | KINU + 2016
.
.

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,
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_ | 71
.

2 .
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. (sunk investment)
.

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.


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.
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, .


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, , 3
.
, ,
,
.

72 | KINU + 2016

, , . 3 : 20 .
: , 2011.

Aghekyan, Elen et. al, Freedom in the World 2015. Freedom House, 2015.

Croissant, Aurel, Stefan Wurster. Performance and Persistence of


Autocracies in Comparison: Introducing Issues and Perspectives.
Contemporary Politics. Vol. 19, No. 1. 2013.
Geddes, Barbara. Paradigms and Sand Castles: Theory Building and Research
Design in Comparative Politics. Ann Arbor, MI: University of
Michigan Press, 2003.

_______________. What Do We Know about Democratization after Twenty


Years? Annual Review of Political Science 2, 1999

Kllner, Patrick, Steffen Kailitz. Comparing Autocracies: Theoretical Issues


and Empirical Analyses. Democratization. Vol. 20, No. 1, 2013.

Linz, Juan J., H. E. Chehabi. Sultanistic Regimes. Baltimore, MD: Johns


Hopkins University Press, 1998.

Merkel, Wolfgang. Are Dictatorships Returning? Revisiting the Democratic


Rollback Hypothesis. Contemporary Politics, Vol. 16, No. 1. 2010.

Przeworski, Adam, et al, Democracy and Development; Political Institutions


and Well-Being in the World, 1950-1990. New York: Cambridge
University Press, 2000.

Svolik, Milan W., The Politics of Authoritarian Rule. Cambridge: Cambridge


University Press, 2012.

_ | 73
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2016 Vol.2 No.1


2016 Vol.2 No.1
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