DML Locks

Mi DML transaction phi p ng 2 locks:

Exclusive row lock l lock mc dng

Table lock (TM) lock mc bng bao gm row exclusive (RX) c quyn dng
hot ng trn bng c cha nhiu dng

iu ny ngn chn ngi khc kho bng (hoc c th thm, bt) trong khi nhng
thay i ang c thc hin. Ch ny cn c gi l subexclusive table lock

Row exclusive kho trn bng nhm ngn chn cu lnh DDL thay i siu d liu
t in gia giao dch khng cam kt. Bo ton tnh ton vn t in v c s
nht qun trong sut qu trnh giao dch.

ENQUEUE MECHANISM (c ch enqueue)

C ch enqueue theo di:

Phin i lock

Ch lock c yu cu
Th t trong cc phin c yu cu kho

Yu cu lock c i t ng, Ngay khi mt giao dch c kho, giao dch tip
theo s c tin hnh

C ch hng i theo di th t ni kho c yu cu v ch kho yu cu

Phin lock c th yu cu chuyn ch lock m khng cn phi xp xung v

tr cui cng ca hng i. V d 1 phin lock ch share lock trong bng c
th chuyn thnh exclusive lock nu khng c giao dch no ch exclusive
hoc share lock trong bng, ngay lp tc phin s c chuyn i t share qua
exclusive m khng cn phi i n khi hng i tip theo

Note: c 2 loi i trong ch enqueues: i m khng cn chia s quyn s hu

v i chia s quyn s hu, loi ny khng th chn tng level lock

Loi 2 c bit nh l converter, l loi m lun c tin hnh trc cc loi

khc v thi gian i t hn

LOCK CONFLICTS
Xung t kho thng xy ra nhng thng c th x l ch cn thi gian v c
ch hng i. Trong mt s trng hp him hoi, xung t kho c th yu cu s
can thip ca qun tr vin. V d trn slide, giao dch 2 khoas 1 hng lc 9:00:00
b qua cam kt, leaving the lock in place

Giao dch 1 c gng update ton b bng, yu cu lock ht dng lc 9:00:05. Giao
dch 1 b chn bi giao dch 2 cho n khi giao dch 2 c cam kt lc 16:30:01

Ngi dng mun tip tc giao dch 1 s phi lin lc cho qun tr vin c
gip v DBA s pht hin v gii quyt xung t ny

NGUYN NHN XUNG T

Thay i cha c cam kt

Giao dch ko di

Level lock cao khng cn thit

Nguyn nhn ph bin nht gy ra xung t l thay i khng c cam kt, tuy
nhin vn c th do 1 s nguyn nhn nh sau:
 - Giao dch ko di: Nhiu ng s dng thc hin s lng ln v hng lot cc
thay i. Nhng cng vic ny thng d kin thi gian ngn nhng trong
mt s trng hp chng khng th kt thc hoc tn nhiu thi gian hn.
Xung t c th xy ra khi giao dch v thay i hng lot ny diaanx ra
cng mt lc.
- Level lock cao khng cn thit: khng phi tt c database u h tr lock
hng, mt vi database ch c th lock trang hoc bng. Lp trnh vin pht
trin ng dng s dng chung cho nhiu database khc nhau v thng vit
app vi level lock cao.

PHT HIN XUNG T KHO

Chn Blocking sessions t Performance menu

Chn session ID ni vi view information v locking session

Dng Blocking sessions page enterprise manager cloud control xc nh v tr

xung t. Xung t s xut hin theo thc bc trn mn hnh vi nhng phin c
kho ln u v di l nhng phin i kho.

Cho mi phin lin quan n xung t, bn c th t username, ID, v s th t

cho nhng phin ang i. Ko xung SQL ID xem cu lnh SQL thc t ang
c thc hin v yu cu ca mi session
The Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) cng c th t ng pht
hin xung t v hng dn bn nhng lock cha hon thnh.

GII QUYT XUNG T (LOCK CONFLICTS)

gii quyt xung t:

Hon thnh lock phin hoc v li trng thi ban u

Chm dt lock trong trng hp khn cp

gii quyt xung t, phin ang lock phi c gii phng, cch tt nht l lin
h vi ng dng v yu cu giao dch hon thnh

Trong trng hp khn cp, c th bo qun tr vin chm dt qu trnh lock, v

nh rng phin s b xo b, v tt c cc cng vic giao dch gn nht s
mt. Ngi dng s hu session s phi ng nhp li v lm li cc thao tc
khi session b hu

Ngi dng c session b hu s nhn c li trong ln tip theo:

GII QUYT XUNG T BNG SQL

Cc cu lnh SQL c th dng xc nh blocking session v xo n

Thao tc phin cng c th c thc hin bng cch pht hnh cu lnh SQL.
Giao din V $ SESSION cha thng tin chi tit v tt c cc phin kt ni. Gi tr
trong BLOCKING_SESSION l ID phin ca phin ang chn. Nu bn truy vn
SID v SERIAL # (ni SID khp vi ID phin chn), bn c thng tin cn thit
thc hin thao tc KILL SESSION.

Lu : Trnh qun l ti nguyn c s d liu c th c s dng t ng ng

xut cc phin chn ngi khc v khng hot ng.

Deadlocks l mt v d c bit ca mt cuc xung t kha. Deadlocks ny sinh

khi hai hoc nhiu phin ch i d liu b kha bi ngi kia. Bi v mi ngi
phi ch ngi khc, khng th hon thnh giao dch ca h gii quyt xung
t.

C s d liu Oracle t ng pht hin deadlocks v kt thc bng cch thng bo

mt li. Phn ng thch hp i vi li l cam kt hoc quay tr li, s pht
hnh bt k kha no khc trong phin phin khc c th tip tc giao dch
ca n.

Trong v d trong trang trnh by, giao dch 1 phi cam kt hoc quay tr li p
ng li deadlock pht hin. Nu n cam kt, n phi gi li bn cp nht th hai
hon thnh giao dch ca n. Nu n thc hin mt rollback, n phi gi li c
hai cu hon thnh giao dch ca n.