Monday, March 13, 2017 LSBIOC 341 Dr. Karen Bame Chapter 12 — Carbohydrate Metabolism I. Questions to Ask when studying metabolism Il. Introduction to carbohydrate metabolism A. _ importance of carbohydrate metabolism B. overview of glucose metabolism Ill. Glycolysis A. overview B. reactions C. energetics For Wednesday, March 15: Chapter 12: Carbohydrate metabolism Pages 380 - 388\> Poll Questions, March 40, 2017 Question1: Each step in a pathway is catalyzed by a distinct enzyme. Yes No Question 2: Shown below is a hypothetical metabolic pathway. Which enzyme is likely to be the regulated enzyme in the conversion of Ato G? a. enzyme 2 ate peg top tee peg b. enzyme 6 1? c. enzyme 4 H d. enzyme 3 te e. enzyme 1 I 44 JQuestions to ask when studying metabolic pathways ue What is the overall goal or purpose of the pathway? Gly colyso Is it an anabolic or catabolic pathway? What does this mean in terms of energy? Is ATP used or produced? Is NADH used or produced? Where does the pathway occur inside the cell? Where does the pathway occur in the body? What are the principal substrates and products of the pathway? Are there other possible substrates? Do intermediates of the pathway participate in other pathways? : Dite > TAG Syn wileovabu, — Fylcr CWA hs What types of reactions occur in the pathway? On-ve | Serenrctm | phosphate 9p frunsle What steps in the pathway are regulated? How are they regulated? am Under what conditions in the cell/organ/body will the pathway be turned on or off? cous —p Eber [MuscleCarbohydrate Metabolism * glucose is an important fuel source in all cells Rec Drain ~ Qrefera qlror— * glucose, or molecules derived from glucose are biosynthetic precursors Amo aude — pyledtes £ Duchy eds Metabolic Pathways of Glucose Gyogen (& Ghoogencisis uo Giycogenesis y SE: panos ant Peto arte : = ober Boars away ae oo yo yor Gluconeogenesis Gycolysis tt oN ra ye Lactate Faty a0 Corie ac oycle Electron wransport system 8:3: @Overview of Glycolysis glucose + 2 NAD* + 2 ADP + 2 Pi > 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATF ATP oe Scans Be * one 6-carbon glucose is degraded to two molecules of 3- carbon pyruvate ole. onli oxved KN - Corvrdr- (eve gussphey et * ten-step pathway that occurs in two eee Sree: phases Fig. 12.2 © energy investment prime” Ns \-S™ Guecore Ptesphn|oe Clenied (a Vad | o ene jeneration ea t a ree Me Ee \ pay 3¢ ae > 3c py ter pees seed =? NADA (27 ar —— 2p yr 2 2xKP (4) * can occur in the presence (aerobic) or absence (anaerobic) of oxygen (O2) ne — Lopopeniaior. (oon heat ee olGlycolysis reactions 2 byw = prvstene “y, fhe Fig. 12.4 elute oe ENERGY INVESTMENT PHASE, vec i eo BND, soz nes ob amen Rea Fecenentnan yer FS, Ohne oc, Ae Merckens yal vor ee Fee Son @ Jaqwo mam 0-0 308) ee AG moved be i i e Cremer) wy Cys-SA thoeskee ee Reaction 10: pyruvate kinase et 29% o ~ ° Found on page 380 es Be gels phy mie u 0>P-o ce Hewde o Ag= baKes)Glycolysis recap Occurs in the cytoplasm a, Energy investment phase * reactions 1 to 5~~_-—~ * invest energy of 2 ATP * cleave 6-carbon sugar-into two 3-carbon sugars * has “rate-determining” step of the pathway = -7r_\ Energy generation phase * reactions 6 to10 —7* 1 oxidation-reduction reaction that produces 1 NADH per glyceraldehyde-3-P _>* 2 substrate-phosphorylation reactions that produce 2 ATP per glyceraldehyde-3-P — * two G3P converted to two pyruvate for a total of 2 NADH and 4 ATP net reaction: glucose + 2 NAD* + 2 ADP + 2 P; > 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATP