SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION

- used to estimate the dependent variable Y for given set of independent variable X.
Y = a + bX + or
n xy x y
Y = 0 + 1X + ; where 1 , and y 1 x
n x x
2 0
2

- Test of significance of 1 may be performed to determine if 1 = 0

1 0
t , with df = n 2
s 2y x

x x 2

- R is the proportion of the total variance (s) of Y that can be explained by the linear regression of Y on x.

EXAMPLE:
The following are the data for 12 individuals daily sodium intake and their systolic blood pressure (in mmHg) readings. Find a regression model, to
estimate the BP of an individual with sodium intake of 7.7.

Sodium BP 250
Person
(X) (Y) X2 Y2 XY
1 6.8 154 46.24 23716 1047.2 200

2 7 167 49 27889 1169

150
3 6.9 162 47.61 26244 1117.8
BP (Y)

4 7.2 175 51.84 30625 1260

100
5 7.3 190 53.29 36100 1387
6 7 158 49 24964 1106 50

7 7 166 49 27556 1162

0
8 7.5 195 56.25 38025 1462.5 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7 7.2 7.4 7.6

9 7.3 189 53.29 35721 1379.7 Sodium (X)

10 7.1 186 50.41 34596 1320.6

11 6.5 148 42.25 21904 962
12 6.4 140 40.96 19600 896

TOTAL 84 2030 589.14 346940 14269.8

Finding Y = 0 + 1X + ,

n xy x y
1
n x x
2 2

0 y 1 x

Estimate of the BP of an individual with sodium intake of 7.7.

Written by: Asst. Prof. Xandro Alexi A. Nieto of UST Faculty of Pharmacy