‘he pacding chapters dso! the cosiemon ins in desing ie ued fe bas poste fr lings lesea im pechemieal ps Sean ftengtnsng. eat ant owas ef asda eh es hcl ‘Sone eft ops svluie wy aceve he spropiae eve f hat proteton ‘Bi sn erg eqs tattle oe ac ees be gunna ot the stnctaalperbrmuavereermern he shed for bung bjt Shenae Mel ee io an nd area peo Ie well esate ia UFC 1300.05 fr bing xpoed oceans Roa Sache, Revved eps satay ppeion a matt ‘perechema pts es ah deri ent mt anit an ‘pein iden Tae chap ts ous hw caplet tata it Ear Saceantr ae stem tink coe ‘stociemiea! ps Seaton 3. provides © doecpdoe of th tess parameters ‘Sadat atgnacmancnfons ‘cnvarious pens oft rectagular balling, os 32: 1YPES OF EXPLOSIONS Ens nt posh indy an be land ita ow tse ye weer Sio ii este Ve pon Cine Pore Exp, iiomatonforchmcexing tn fe ypetofempones Se OMe 2. Vapor Clad sptsions cf mito ay yd leon (UC with aig SS oat seat penal gee snd formas aero. Tis igersioniealledsvaporcaud. [BLAST-RESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PETROCHEMICAL FACILITIES 13 ‘set ys un be Sted geo vapor lows of mre ie to fons: Mien ele clouds msl ese 300 60 sso ‘etn dei ct ong gis cere nent uy,» eo aly a SocaVCE, weal! sue ‘amrablorange. he more uniform. efi mixture ea the iconic Fl [Nei be stongorteepasen uty, soe mst be Cae sslerton schnie,sh at cogs se, wii the Paatepotan of evar cea Tas oct: pad fy ¢ {oe Obfeae inthe fre pu Ch tcc tew a png. poces Sarigaent a) cance vapor ad ne hetdence, Tur hee ro fe 8 tric tse ane seed whi nam, aos sghtcan Owen serucures, alse incemes fame spend Without fame aceleration, a ge ebll OF Aisi cone at a0 ws expavon see pit af eptin, re ofp cn, ae, oer ‘ond ‘thr tre maple ae of cngton or contact wine Bae orig of apr cau ape eens can rn the fare fant popups ‘ous tch conpeed/ontined wee le penachmclplant,veel caplson my os a eo vee eyes 4 Detepnos ad Drona of Pe Cues Not Mic wit Ona ‘Scotmoxtiec that micues etry. Aosoese ca st ithe eres Uhonir ates delgresonars datos emer sceblne sce eh ssn eon edt dna 1 Combasion Defagion sid Dstontons ia Halos: These can be ‘all by pucou lg o dat prefs ett econ 924 Dok "il iyi te nek rs pron ks ‘recon ae erste: thy lean sacgy. Cen eacton son b> lie accelerated uray endo fhe eid coy tac ced {Se ough if» conalat eve har rte esting apie, ible prsare cen bus up his pete camel Oe plier fe veel tw xp4 Stone Ovens of ment wih)Newve Gr Cone “ “osny!oqipant fates © Pigsel Viner Explosions Phusal vigor explo cera when to rma of wet ing tepure tx rseny auc th the sole Ea at dt eo emt prema fea i es ‘Shut of he sauner, Iie cosine ths ened. Fores ny ‘Siprene uh expan fee eae cede poured ne at ol oe wart ato Boling Lind Expanding Vepuc Epson (BLEVE) This coats when « tae wn of rnc! atin iy ved oe pee ‘Sates, bar oon som exe esting by exemal He it oot ‘Steel walle ebove the ld lve eres see! ot presied ‘Shove aad peste, Ste weaned byte bt ue of he iu Bast ‘tpoan aed hc of toe renee rks opt eel dps Te “apr aca mi pial ied sie mer sud eed {Bettnospire: The comunion re inte th eww an mt ‘te tefl terete pend f fame he te ng lh sala sw: A fap MEY ba ol, 9 342 Condensed Phase Eloi Conds pve mates ee the i thei o ai ar, const 9 essun pe he ite sree a codsned hace ats fs eee fchigh sles, Sone wats fad tr pte! lat hve Proper {cts hem nesplode er pest ces Senden, Supe fay die combi seamed) cm cede ‘epoca fmm hr el tee wee Gtvaon Suh mbar cle ie ars or bast resistant design, the mos infants of an explo i the tua eles of ous to he amoapbre neh tne epee eosin ‘peoni o oni ped. Te mapa tne Sipe of he bet re deeds oa sate of he ergy lene and om he dance fm he ecpleton ect. The ‘Short tapes an waver aresbown i Figure 1 Shoc Wave: Ti as ud, lo nstesncous ie in res shore Slice muons conden t's peak fee fli Gre or ison) ‘remamue Te ee sideon evens tun amet ‘oe higty amped peace saclouons Ths eat in pepe ese ‘weve ewig postive pase of hast wae, 1 Pesare Wee! This har a gad! prey st 1 the pak side-on ‘repress byw ual peur demy an note Poe Stock wave i Oe set nd fr fl uly ret om coodenced phase dca or om einen eget vapor ll explson, Mot vapor ha ‘erage wigs pram waves be rns Sl wich may Popopte Sa Soak wae or ocean, a ‘The nepive pas fa shock or pretreat uly mich wear a more sre ihe ove in, and Sey nly ce rea tone, ssh pontine pas Sune, or gly uration The enandr he preven ‘Neve ithe impact sas nave, Canseuea, the psn pase tpl | = 1) Ste Wave 2) Pes Wine FIGURE: Characteritie Shapes Rit Waves6 BLAST-RESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PETROCHEMICAL FACILITIES 1 Jrow ep 20.5 P cee engl ware Soi ea haaine wane oP te van exponent eying thok nae wes, 1) = overs ft wth rape one fe) rye et on ene ¢ TeNtivebeeea 03 a5 dopenting on Ps 344 ins Wane Parameters For Bast Loating or last ess devin of buns te principal pacts the st wave ‘ogo ctv eM fonda fora ulin compencer ate Fok posi vee Po Pe atone 1 Peak ideo mauve pressure rac), Py mpi phase Cron, nd ‘he sstocived nope pai geil enome = poe re a pb pent Soares arc Somos ein ome a ae Sry ere ae os eres coach ened comes ms ste Eas teres og heme ath coats Renate gegen ons Sistas eee ean eranrenen oem ans ee tt ay ce Ge Sas ob ha a Be tae Pek reece presse 2 Pek name (basin) press, g, Stockton ocg, 0 en “ly ssn pens cn ote a epi Hat ‘tay derma an ampifing to of he ent pete: Pacha 2 Te seesion cif depend co he peak ovat, he ale of inne te wave Et ele whe beg anyone peta ‘tie The caverta ge 33 tt seen Sutin ee a Jere wines fe anger of ear vurng om Gene feet Jolt Tey 5 rte Set pre sso ft pak sneer ‘Sober ees sate ae or pe ovepeses upto 2 pi (138 APs), te expecta range omit colder cou spines, Armas poves single foul oe let SNovoriesata cst et sonal mudence a ftows rasan 6 wake suet po «mem tine appockely egal te pone pase dan of ‘te den! bast wave. This upper nat someone t he ol eet of SESMELING haste Sick sou ie ce oft rons 33 Dynan (Blast Wind Pres 5, ‘This at ec da to a ore teat wave pore huh he staple he iy ofthe We pre, sad hee te nd seas epee seater oe te eB Ur 0 pd ‘Souter cononn, aw pak amie pst wan be ace any We ‘Goring empire! emule Nowra. Cam =2+008 re TBsomnre (gee) 2 y= 19 tee) Pris Wane FIGURE32; Blast Wave Refletion Covent vs. Angle ofTnctdence {Grom TNO Green Book) er2sRH/ORHR) DOR — OH) oo ~oo0sze.? en neg cote, CT a Sotho eeplce ne ons xen ‘le atsctng sce, For vel ing, he ra ecllest ny be “The dynamic peste ee the doin Hs fe open fame sucaes Soma scr i fete cing, ano Sal sates cones SSCS Ge a oe eel Sg ed Joh ine et at ar oman spn sve at oan tn on "city acd dsnce for igh energy TT exploivs, There ay no site [ec avelable peur wave rasta Heweve for esign popes cb cent tanned are pese tave tvs mne velo a2 sone ‘dipreme ot tloiy inst sane" approximated ing the Elwin ‘aos fox Newmark u =1n0qsaosrg eo 69 Tascam ea? wo 2.28 lant Wave Lengthy Le 9 Sc Load Pens Loat! | sericea murat mater Mee engi aloes of fo high enery explains cn bec 0m UPC S34002, tren resmege Se igh Stan ene gsancese Leeve 66 To simpy tat cea deen pci, he greens ta wave roe cn Fp 3. etl ud rian thle {ee frm UC End» etre wee hi! ty ee Sh ‘rolitcton is showe in Fue 34. The bit knd'er he voso eee at ‘wlding bated onthesesimplited bt wave prnnetemarescisted Secon $34 DETERMINATION OF VAFOR CLOUD DESIGN OVERPRESSURES. _Atscup hn ca nde ge of capa pe per dowd epost 4 cay soc int peuocemial ian” Broa a no Saat Kena sort or éarniag what ts oversee sol be oot sesgn be ots esa supp ty te ly omer: Conley ewe ay of roses teeny toumdersad ny thes cupaes wl ees ‘ow one Ser tenet and even for dees sans ms ee SaaS Sot cet ly ia ak The aca en overpesies many be sae t edsgn engier ino 1 The snp is st Hanke semen’ sich a All tuingy hal be ‘signa fe ape vlad versa of 2s Uy). © pak leas ‘vee oY pi hPa and Garton Zils "ine beneoe he seu sats patel sree. The dane ty Be ‘Beem supped bless ort contour fmt. The tung coer ‘woul he deine desis ads bed en the apron its The bas forthe shove dain sin may have een developed fm te specs sy fom sry ctr ts rea da ‘Asie specie sds he mow congrbenieegiuch Sie pie aie san and qn expe set uly conned yt we proces ‘tte specie or by aeialy coats. Tte a woe spe wich aed ob tite een fw maybe done aaa of eye Te epee end tom ‘tks Sno af he sable ete ve deled imation ava COPS 1 Bie te lane tp mye wos pie ea (Grede eae sles rm stunt vu 2 Fomaton of ncxplsive clan: Thi ep of dase using compte Pi Toe i st abu eens nel wes ssa hn bps be ieee been te cntined mate an th staphaeina hc Eis aig fous. The mond a dupersnn mows! whack adele ow “hereto material dpaneuind mae he Ecce othe toa! uu materi nll by detaining met th chu tt wn te amon ii Ie sny oe Ee clad Toon tthe level osteitis tte te coue Bn a tatiemar ese eeesee ena Seong a ecumetcre mete Saher meena ee rene ee Sipe umasmecmcameaneis eet sousc nd hen ppd he ez ssi sche nge ere vercnue onthe surice or the oeotewur tthe ene tthe ce ny fo ‘ed Nowoaly a huldng sold be congnod comceng te potent Dt wane ‘Bom ny sonst Seton ha estan slncouay Commany wd ese inelaes $6-2 (oda) and CL (sing vite, ‘Bots cunt Seat leat two Hover blings Soe 100 et (Gonetes) Gem tape ened explo hd om22 BLAST-RESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PETROCHEMICAL FACILITIES Hips peu, sor data angle sock owing: Simon ovepesie FTO ps (0 a) wats cate 2 mliarons, Low pes, oog ution, tingulr osing: Sid-on overesue 9f3ps (21k) wih drt of 10 msc ‘Thos iat loadings bie buen way ued in he ps foe Wat sian san ‘oops te nauy However, acy owners have cevauped cto Hast Bling teria are ine with te apo ecmtnces Was tees he os of canons er CoP gc Give), eo ‘ortoe inca tantly nitrites a overessre itr 51209 at 1 36 ey ee lew ae ‘mec age The bla loading wpecied ares omc depetng ops Pip eng nse me xn Cur ees Ba Dds ted i denen have ston overs anging fom 1013 pa (10 1h Lm) wih pte pus dace ging rm 2010200, The anor ‘wing paced Som 100 to 200 fw 30 6d mate) fe an eis sure Snerlly te gaa e meng, th eer he orepemue and ile, Wt ge th dation test oni ‘trical dat fom nd explains ae ho mcurtely qu hese tan en be appcniated by beck caliing om bored Sebmnes of ‘acts Bowers fm apr low explora a epetay acl {fy beaee thy Tego be deca, cme fom mule sou, apd ry ‘Sie conitonsAasiinaly hon less intrmaion sole a for Nek ‘splenvs In oe company's eview tive ee sap cond exloson nde, ‘Siesta tang of 200 to 00 et (6) 9 00 mes, gee Teed eps hae opt i) wh 8 cen pe ED) ‘tacit fom p(HB) 8S pH Anon i oe 1) Stock oat apposcber sme [Fastin on en = set TE 1) Stockett hm oot sci is ve ree ©) Difiction conto ese ce <=) } Toad 1) Disc complete, Stack Hot pata yond ste 2 Rectangular Dung (om TNO Grea Bok)24 BLAST-AESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PETROCHEMICAL FACILILIES 79 ere sa sins ling the dts caer fst as wo deine [allot fang ce hom te Aes eld bad wees sree {bey ower T> establish these lads the dcign engineer should waded fe ‘eterno he ropognng bat we wate Sue when bls we sks ulin, he bing lade by the eveyone sn eg fcc o the hast we. Te interno fence th bee eee aes Sucre Gute Smpes as shown Schemmel Fue 3 Fore open ot ‘ie of design tuts ch ae rovided in URC 2340-02 ASCE Mean mo we peByessm Wah 1) Raed on URE 3.2402 FIGURE 310: Rear Wall Loadlng DIAST-RESISTANT BUILDINGS INPETROCHEMICAL FACILITIES 29, Seon ere uae eon be buig sould degen Se fo pron salty ‘bg of br stunt compopane ms duel n Chap ee mpsennes oy st onds applied othe, balling extras can prety expand ls the Ieee pce. Sat we te Sagi snoprle te poar evel ‘ope ce th ein and user expansion nthe bade vlene Lesage esses my eat et Sly ey ary foe to fling abcess oe hah [Ext ané cup manctone Methods ne euch tera ‘rseweblap tide sauce Tha ar etd io UPC 3300.04, Sec NS detaled process an UE F008 Sen 1-11 for infos ‘36 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ling ta loads can be dtersne tug he we of comps i munis (FD) compote gran Elon CF age reper a dei Stott weve con Seneca! fers our be fain. ae wat epein,e, ‘router vencrcen an! valiaon in tee foun ee scour gh ‘Souh he gntce’ imccate mopar rsdeling Toe cle somes ts Net Lata Lon oui (rom TNO Green Book).a4 BLAST-RESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PETROCHEMICAL PACILITIES| FD iodeling i 1 seize te bung and surounding wen eacoapasing the Save th guverng ogtns for conervaton of us, momeatm. te nes) sin eu eal nang sosont he ets aden le Aen ober ue CED cout ue slate he ropgnton sat waver inan cava of seal, sat sly taped ing oss lenge tog opening nto Yo sara nar employ an ‘Sie nied plsion secs: CPD Icom wed offre mien, ‘are ompcr,cmple nous ed. CD i assole oars Fie cate confi Compact pots ae ot Opel ad cand anes fn Dt sure tote pt of cr age’ Whe apesbly CPD sould be SSE rahe ee conn ei ts ae mn making decision to mpoy CFDs sal be undentod tat CO ren ate sexe to malng etnies nd esate wed CED propa ee © ine fine prises spree wich incor eens odcing sod deed ‘Smbuten ort senrengiicl apps where siglo of ie eaolon Sree we tebe on et tas ines ws syed be smi Flenoarslogeal totes ar toric ted tr Sgt he Span by ng ‘nui toting feet expose peomet io eps sve ets of tia propuaton A wah nn ate teen te ata od ne (Guser Ge poatal nesmcy ofthe raul for fies nay ree Bicmowiet x Bin Mink, ee, Home Can, gen, BLAST LOAD EXAMPLE, ‘Ts example tates te cacao of bast ang. he componens of a Sat jd oa sek wae saetng hrc Ts blag os width By =93 8 (284m) 7 piieecate ute sta Baek By 15 (eS ass ist Losing: on ‘eating ir fober droid tat the test the exon we gts of "Se bling ae seh ow te everpeirean daron do ao change sean ‘fer th nghof xbadng, The as ec) wave penne res lows ra seonovepremie, Pe 6 pe (41 KP) est eth, So 0088 Tiisoft + Bess Epon” TiS “dooms ons (quien 35) tang of rere wae, TEU ep Uaz As} GosH~66R AO m ek dmc wind eras Se oba2 ay OU rs? —O8 pa (642m) ast 36) (ion 34) vl be fora pial wal epmestone et wide, eee ratte overpraci, (Gauntins 3.2 033) rata O03 @a)}Pe=[2+008 6 ps] 6pad= 198 pa OSKPS) clerig seas, (Secon 3.5.1) SStrnina of By o-By2 15 8 (45m) falta vepeuecensog ce eatin 38) ESDIG Ie und 3) aIE A) <005 6-003 seg onetcln, C210 (Serte03.33)32 BLASSRESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PETROCHEMICAL FACILITINS REESE Tcwwscoesy-eapa uring OA a oe a TB asey erat ose oseespae0se rem a stein ding etn BeDinrestbarestn (aad -00e2s gf Tne Teed i he ne he on wal pin verily om otto spf Beene gb im ae on ts Sa aoe wal naa cata Been che menor of sae a asa ae wa ae ‘at ce be awa eget Prac Oa deg ton Cu=-04 eet 33 See amet = aly 10 ated RETESET ew -conesno-smt cour MH EEETe-aprasizememumatyaos —gzyuf TP ‘would tben be the lena ofthe bung: The value of would tht be kare tsa se ‘dts ratiee evs of Py There tne would eam seneane Root Loading Toot a ke puming between of bum. Fr the digs ofthe rot ssn I ot wide het ag iif Lissoe @4m eagcortint Co=-04 (Sesion 3.3.3) mas) (guason 3.11) ost, ees) eb Unemsasizen-o0e ‘walpsiie pias duton, SE Tibiee 08d) =00%66 Dames oes sen ef elaent rain he pie deo, he nh of te teas nth denoting wef Seadoo any Tow 05 ne an overage overeat ovr Be en of i nade th ale of tee engin a te bing Te val fC modes be aed The sexe wall is propetinad the ate at the ont and side wl, soning eal tom naa foo Brea e hag ents ee fa wal ‘ae al sna wou ny be macy ane tt ing otal ‘Side The sags wih fora oleae! at (02m) wie, ag oaficlen,C4=-04 (Ses 335) eulet oe nei, oee39) mecaras coun pak vere, eaptia2.12) OEE Teie (on wpe) hay (OS pe) SOPH 44eH), tin ei (Sense 358) BEBE oray asian) -0881« sens, (urcs0.00) CeG-asmrasiezn-aone st total ohne phase drain, Ooi . Eevee (batt) +005) «00K bia