III.

CHIN U CHNG CHIN LC VIT NAM HA V NG DNG HA

CHIN TRANH CA M ( 1969 1973)

1. CHIN LC VIT NAM HA V NG DNG HA CHIN TRANH

A. Bi cnh

- u nm 1969 , tng thng Nch Xn va ln nm chnh quyn ra chin lc

ton cu ngn e thc t . Sau tht bi ca chin lc chin tranh cc b , M
phi chuyn sang chin lc Vit Nam ha chin tranh v ng Dng ha
chin tranh .

b. m mu , th on

- y l hnh thc chin tranh thc dn kiu mi c tin hnh bng qun i Si
Gn l ch yu , c s phi hp ca ha lc v khng qun M , vn do M ch huy
bng h thng c vn.

- M rng xm lc Lo v Campuchia , thc him m mu dng ngi ng

Dng nh ngi ng Dng

- Dng th on ngoi giao: Li dng mu thun Trung X , tha hip vi Trung

Quc , ha hon vi Lin X nhm hn ch s gip ca cc nc i vi cuc
khng chin ca nhn dn ta.

- M tng cng lc lng khng qun v hi qun nh ph min Bc nhm e da

v uy hip tinh thn , ngn chn s tri vin ca min Bc cho mim Nam , p ta
phi k hip nh Pari theo iu khon c li cho M .

2. Nhn dn Vit Nam chin u chng chin lc Vit Nam ha chin tranh v
ng Dng ha chin tranh ca M

- Chin u chng Vit Nam ha chin tranh l chng li cuc chin tranh ton din
c tng cng v m rng ra ton ng Dng . Ta va chin u trn chin
trng , va u tranh trn bn m phn vi ch

a. Trn mt trn chnh tr

- 6/6/1969 , Chnh ph cch mng lm thi min Nam Vit Nam thnh lp , c 23
nc cng nhn, 21 nc t quan h ngoi giao.

- Thng 4/ 1970 , Hi ngh cp cao 3 nc Vit Nam Lo Campuchia hp v

biu th quyt tm on kt ca 3 nc ng Dng trong cuc khng chin chng
M.

b. trn mt trn chng bnh nh v ph p chin lc

- Phong tro u tranh ca cc tng lp nhn dn v sinh vin , hc sinh n ra lin

tc
- Qun chng ni dy ph p chin lc v chng bnh nh . u nm 1971,
cnh mng lm ch thm 3600 p vi 3 triu dn

c. Trn mt trn qun s

- T ngy 30/4- 30/6/ 1970 , qun dn Vit Nam Campuchia p tan cuc hnh
qun xm lc Campuchia ca 10 vn M v qun Si Gn , loi khi vng chin 17
000 ch , gii phng 5 tnh ng bc vi 4,5 triu dn

- T ngy 12/2-23/3/1971, qun dn Vit Nam Lo p tan cuc hnh qun

Lam Sn 719 ca M v qun Si Gn, loi khi vng chin 12 000 ch , gi vng
hnh lang chin lc ca cch mng ng Dng.

- t ngy 30/3- 30/6/1970, qun ta m cuc hnh qun tin nh vo Qung Tr ,

ri pht trin rng khp min Nam. Cuc tin cng chin lc nm 1972 buc M
phi tuyn b M ha tr li cuc chin tranh xm lc,tc l tha nhn s tht
bi ca chin lc Vit Nam ha chin tranh

3.Cuc tin cng chin lc 1972

- Ngy 30/3/1972, ta bt ng m cuc tin cng chin lc nh vo Qung Tr , ly

Qung Tr l hng tin cng ch yu, ri pht trin rng khp min Nam, dit 20
vn qun Si Gn , gii phng vng t ai rng ln

- Sau , ch phn cng mnh, gy cho ta nhiu thit hi. M tin hnh tr li cuc
chin tranh ph hoi min Bc t ngy 6/4/1972

* ngha

- Ging n mnh vo chin lc Vit Nam ha chin tranh

Buc M phi tuyn b M ha tr li cuc chin tranh ( tc l tha nhn s tht

bi ca chin lc Vit Nam ha chin tranh)

IV. MIN BC KHI PHC V PHT TRIENR KINH T - X HI , CHIN U CHNG

CHIN TRANH PH HOI LN TH HAI CA M V LM NGHA V HU PHNG
( 1969-1973)

1. Min Bc khi phc v pht trin kinh t-x hi

2. Min Bc va chin u chng chin tranh ph hoi., va sn xut

* m mu : ging ln 1 , ngoi ra cn nhm cu vn s tht bi ca chin lc

Vit Nam ha cin tranh

* Th on , hnh ng:

- Dng khng qun v hi qun nm bom ph hoi cc mc tiu qun s , u mi

giao thng, nh my x nghip,
- My bay v tu chin M bn ph lin tc , mi lc , mi ni , mi iu kin thi
tit , ngy cng nh m

=> Chin tranh ph hoi ln 2 vt xa cuc chin tranh ph hoi ln 1 c v quy

m , tc ,cng bn ph. V vy , n gy nn nhng thit hi nng n c v
ngi v ca, khin cho c th gii phi ln n v nhng hnh ng ny.

* Min Bc chin u chng chin tranh ph hoi ln th 2 ca M

- Ngy 6/6/1972, M cho my bay nm bom bn ph mt s ni thuc khu IV c.

- Ngy 16/6 , NchXn chnh thc tin hnh cuc chin tranh bng khng qun v
hi quan ph hoi min Bc ln 2

- n ngy 9/5 , tuyn b phong ta cng Hi Phng cng vi cc ca sng , lung

lch vng bin min Bc

- Nh chun b trc v vi mt t th lun sn sng chin u , min Bc ch

ng, kp thi chng tr ch ngay t u trn. Cc hot ng xy dng min Bc
vn khng b ngng tr

- ngy 14/2/1972, NchXn phn chun k hoch m cuc tp kch chin lc ng

khng bng my bay B52 vo H Ni v Hi Phng, bt u t ti ngy 18 n
29/12/1972.

- qun dn ta min Bc nh tr khng qun M nhng n ch ng, bn ri

81 my bay, bt sng 43 phi cng M ,p yam cuc tp kch ng khng bng
my bay B52 ca M.

* Kt qu : Trong cuc chin tranh ph hoi ln th 2 ( t 6/4 15/1/1973) , min

Bc bn ri 735 my bay M, bn chm 125 tu chin, loi khi vng chin hng
trm phi cng M

=. in Bin Ph trn khng l mt trn thng quyt nh ca ta , buc M phi

tuyn b ngng hn cc hot ng chng ph min Bc ( 15/1/1973) v k kt Hip
nh Pari (27/1/1973)

3. Min Bc thc hin ngha v hu phng ln

- T nm 1969-1971, hng vn thanh nin min bc c gi nhp ng , trong

60% ln ng vo chin trng min Nam , Lo v Campuchia. S chi vin ca
min Bc trong giai on ny tng gp 1,6 ln so vi 3 nm trc

- Nhng thnh tu ca nhn dn min Bc trong vic thc hin nhim v khi phc
v pht trin kinh t - x hi t nm 2969 2973 to nim tin , c s vng chc
cho cuc khng chin chng M cu nc ca nhn dn ta i n thng li.