JavaBookv7 PDF

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Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

First published 2012
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyrights reserved above, no part of
this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or
transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording
or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
Formatted using Open Office

Printed and bound in Sri Lanka
by University of Colombo School of Computing (UCSC).
www.ucsc.cmb.ac.lk

1. ' (Computer Languages).............................................................................7

2. ' (Java Programming Language).....................................10
2.1 9 (Java Development Kit)................10
2.2 ' R (Executing a Java
Program)....................................................................................................................................................11
2.3 ' (Basic Component of a
Java Program) ...................................................................................................................................15
2.4 ' [ (Indentation)....................................................18
2.5 (Comments).......................................................................................20
3. , (Variables, Expressions and Statements)
..................................................................................................................................................................................23
3.1 (Variables and Operators).............................23
3.2 (Expression and Statements)................................25
3.3 ' ] R^ (Printing a Value)...........29
3.4 c (Entering a Value).........................32
4. (Operator)...................................................................................................................37
4.1 d (Mathematical Operators)....................................37
4.2 d ...................................................................................41
4.3 (Relational Operators)...............................................46
4.4 9R (Logical Operators)............................................................52
4.5 9R (Short Circuit Logical Operators)....54
4.6 ...........................................................................................................................57
4.7 .....................................................................................................................68
5. .............................................................................................................................................72
5.1 if else ................................................................................................72
5.2 switch-case .............................................................................................73
5.3 do while (do while )...........................................................80
5.3 while (while ).............................................................................87
5.4 for (for )......................................................................................92
5.5 R e .....................................................................................97
5.6 ] .........................................................................................................................102

4 -
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6. .............................................................................................................................................106
6.1 c....................................................................................................106
6.2 for-each ..........................................................111
6.3 ..........................................................................................................117
6.4 R R^...................................................................122
6.5 ] l= .........................127
6.6 R^........................130
6.5 ...............................................................................................................133
7. .............................................................................................................................................................138
7.1 ..........................................................................................................................138
7.2 c...............................................................................144
7.3 ] l= .........................148
7.4 ] o eR ....152
7.4 R^...............155

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#include<stdio.h>
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2. ' (Java Programming
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public class ILoveJava{

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IloveJava.java IloveJava.class


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/*
This Simple Java Program prints "I Love Java"
on the Screen.
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public class ILoveJavaWithComments{
//Following command creates the print
}
}
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- 33
number1 number2 ,
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public class DivideItFormat{

float num1=1025.25f,num2=32.1f;
float ans;
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%n",num1,num2,ans);
}
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public class ShowMyName{

String name=Kasun De Zoysa;
System.out.println(name);
}
}
3.5: <


- 35

c, Kasun De Zoysa '

name . e 9
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Enter Your Name :
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36 -
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. kasun Welcome kasun

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import java.util.*;
public class ReadName{
String s;
System.out.print("Enter Your Name :");
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

s=in.nextLine();
System.out.println("Welcome "+s);
}
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import java.util.*;
public class ReadNameAndAge{
String name;
int age;
System.out.print("Enter Your Name :");
name=in.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter Your Age :");
age=in.nextInt();
System.out.format("Welcome %s %n",name);
System.out.format("You are %d years old.%n",age);
}
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- 39
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42 -
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public class Operators{

int a=8,b=3, c=0;
c=a+b;
c=a-b;
c=a*b;
c=a/b;
c=a%b;
}
}
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- 43
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import java.util.*;
public class ReadNumbers{
int a=0,b=0,c=0;

System.out.print("Enter a Number :");
a=in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter a Number :");
b=in.nextInt();
c=a+b;
c=a-b;
c=a*b;
c=a/b;
c=a%b;
}
}
4.2:
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44 -
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Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in)

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c, a+b a . e c, a

- 45
12
.
public class ShotOperators{

int a=8,b=4;
a+=b;
System.out.println(a);
a-=b;
a*=b;
a/=b;
a%=b;
}
}
4.3: [
a=a-b
a-=b -= d
. e a-=b

R
c a-b a
. e a
8 .
a*=b
a=a*b
R
l
. e a*=b
R
c a*b
a . e a 32 .
a/=b
a=a/b
R
l . e a/=b
R
c
a/b a . e a 8 .

9
i
(mod)

46 -
'

d (%) . e a%=b
R

c a%b a
. e a 0 .

R

c 12, 8, 32, 4 0
' ] l p
=
.
d
R
'
p = ( 4.4). c, ++
d c ]. ++ d
, a=a+1
. e,
a=a+1
a++ . a++
R

a eR . e a 13 .
public class Increment{

int a=12,b=4;
a++;
a=b++;
System.out.println(b);
a=++b;
}
}
4.4: ++ [
++ d
,

. a=b++ d
a=b+1

- 47
.
a=b++ d
, a=b b=b+1
d

. e ++ d

, b ] a

R^
, b eR =. uy c, b
4 , a=b++
R

a 4 b
5 .
a=++b; ++ d
. a=++b d

,
b=b+1 a=b d
. e ++
d
, b ] eR

, e a =. uy c b 5
, a b 6 .
uy ( 4.5)
'p,
a=a-1 a-- . c, --
d
. -- d , c
] eR
=. e a 12 , a--;
R

a 11 .
-- d ,

. a=b-- d
a=b-1
l
. e a=b b=b-1
. e --
d

y ] , b
eR

, e a p
. e, b 4
, a=b--
R

, a 4 b
3 .
a=--b , -- d
,
. e b=b-1 a=b
.

48 -
'

c, b eR

, e a =.
e b 3 , a b 2 .

R

c 11, 4, 3, 2 2
' ] l p =
.
p
, '

R
.
public class Decrement{

int a=12,b=4;
a--;
a=b--;
a=--b;
}
}
4.5: -- [
'
c R, d
l.
'p + d
eR^ , - d
R^
, * d R^ , / d
c
. %

d =.

- 49
d uy uy

+ eR^ 4+6 10
-
R^ 12-3 9
* R^ 5*7 35
/ c 8/2 2
% 13 % 5 3
++ e a++ a
eR .
eR^
-- eR
a a--
eR

.

R^
4.1: [
++ -
d ,
eR R^
R^ =.
d , d
c

.
d
, e ,

] p .
4.3 (Relational Operators)
l (relational operators)
i
. o (variables) R R^
=. o

50 -
'

9R
(logical
expression) . 9R
(True)
(False) R . 9R
, '

R
R^ y .
9R

(control statements)
=.
'
( 4.6)
(relational operators), 9R
(logical
expression),
(control statements) p
.

R

c,
(*****)
' ] . '
System.out.println(*****)
System.out.println(+++++) ]
' ] c ' ]

.
,
'
], if(a>b) else
=.
public class Stars{

int a=12,b=4;
if(a>b) System.out.println(*****);
else System.out.println(+++++);
}
}
4.6:
'
c, R


- 51
=. '
c, if else,
switch case, do while, while for

. '[ c if else

i
.
if else
, c ] '
R
=. '
if(a>b)
else e y ].
if
9R

. o R
9R
(logical expression) . 9R
R
(True)
(False)
d.
i uy c, if
a>b 9R
] . e c, a b
(>) ]
.
R , 9R

e R l
. i '

a b
12 4 , (a>b) 9R
.
9R
, if

] R
=. 9R
, else

] R

. if
, else
] . e 9R

R .
i '

c 9R

, if
, c ] R
=. ec

52 -
'

' ]
.
l i '
b 20 y
R

. e (a>b)
, else

R
]
(+++++) ' ]
. c
= l=, l
p =
.
9R
, R
l .
(>), 9R

R ] .
'
c R,
( 4.2) l.
uy uy
(a=12;b=10)
== a==b
!= a!=b
> a>b
< a<b
>= a>=b

<= a<=b

4.2:
l 'p, , 9R

(==),
(!=), (>),

- 53
(<),
(>=)
(<=)
. l= ,
(==), (
=)

.
uy
p
. o,
o , i o R R '
R l= .
'
uy y .
public class Even{

int a=12;
if(a%2==0){
System.out.print(a);
System.out.println(, is an even number);
} else {
System.out.print(a);
System.out.println(, is a odd number.);
}
}
}
4.7: i U
o i o ,

o o =. e i o

R i
, o
e i
. i o

54 -
'

d .
i uy
if
] a%2==0
9R
i
o R

=
. e a%2 a (2)
i . e 0 ==
=. e a i
o , a%2==0 9R

. 9R
, if
R

. if
R

, ] R
.
uy , if
e
. R (e )
R

, ({}) p
. i u y , System.out.print(a)
System.out.println (, is an even number) if

, System.out.print(a)
System.out.println(, is a odd number.) else

, ({}) ] . a
16 , if
R
16 is an
even number ' ]
=
.
l a 13 '

R
. e else
R
, 13 is a
odd number ' ] .
e
, a
13 , a%2==0 9R

=
.

- 55
4.4 9R (Logical Operators)
'
c,
9R (&,
|, !) =. , AND () 9R
(&), OR ()
9R (|) NOT () 9R (!)
. 9R
R (AND) 9R
(& ) ,
9

9R

d. e 9R

9

. 9R
(AND) 9R
(& )
9
R
l.
9R
(a) 9R
(b)
9
(a
& b)

4.3: AND () b9 (&)
9R
R (OR) 9R (|
) ,
9

9R
d. e 9R

9

.

56 -
'

9R
(OR) 9R (| )

9
R
l.
9R
(a) 9R
(b)
9
(a
| b)

4.4: OR () b9 (|)
9R
ip' (NOT) 9R
(! ) ,
e ,
e

. 9R
ip' NOT
9R (! )
9

R l.
9R
(a)
9
(!a)

4.5: NOT () b9 (!)
l (a) (3) (4) l=

- 57
, (7) (9) l= , (5)

l= '
.
public class CheckNumber{

int a=12;
if(a%3==0 & a%4==0)
System.out.println(a+ divides by 3 AND 4);
if(a%7==0 | a%9==0)
System.out.println(a+ divides by 7 OR 9);
if(!(a%3==5))
System.out.println(a+ is not divide by 5);
}
}
4.8: b9
(a) (3) (4)

l= (a%3==0 & a%4==0) 9R
.
(a) (7) (9) l=
(a%7==0 | a%9==0) 9R
.
(a) (5) o R
(!(a%5==0)) 9R
. e
'
i 'p
.

58 -
'

4.5 9R (Short-Circuit Logical

Operators)
'
c, AND () 9R
(&) OR () 9R (|) R
' i
9R
c ]. AND
() 9R 9R

&& . OR () 9R
9R
||
.
9R
R AND () 9R
,
9

9R
. e c, e
9R
, 9R

, . e 9R
R
, 9R
R

. && 9R e . &
9R e . e,

, 9R
R
=.
&& 9R , 9R
R
p =. 9R
R OR () 9R
, e 9R

9

. e c, 9R
R
, 9R
R

.
|| 9R e=. |
9R e . e,

- 59

, 9R
R
=.
9R
(a) 9R
(b)
9
(a
&& b)
R
-
R
-
R

4.6: AND () b9 (&&)
|| 9R , 9R
R
p =.
9R
(a) 9R
(b)
9
(a
|| b)
R

R
-
R
-
4.7: OR () b9 (||)
9R , AND () 9R
(&) OR () 9R
(|)
R
' i
l p =
. e,
'

c, AND () 9R , &&
9R , OR () 9R ,

60 -
'

|| 9R , R^
. e
9R c,

], 9R
R
.
4.6 (Bit Operators)
' ()
. ()
. '
c

(4.5) l.
uy uy
(a=1110; (c)
b=0010)
& AND c=a&b 10
| OR c=a|b 1110
^ XOR c=a^b 1100
>> Right Shift c=a>>b 1111
<< Left Shift c=a<<b 1100
>>> Zero Fill Right c=a>>>b 11

Shift
~ Compliment c=~a 1
4.8:
c 1 0
=
. AND 1
1
B 1 ,

- 61
c
B 0 . e AND
1
0 , 0 1
, 0 0 ,
B 0 .
e p =.
a 0 0 0 01 0 0 1
b 0 0 0 00 1 0 1
a & b 0 0 0 00 0 0 1
4.9: a & b (9 & 5 )
l 'p, a 9 b
5
. a b (=)
c ] , 9 00001001
'
. 5 00000101
' .
l a b AND
a & b

. e, AND a b
, e e () R
=. a

e 1 b

e 1 , 1 AND 1
B 1 .
a
e 0 b
e 0 0 AND 0
B 0
. a
e 0 b
e 1
0 AND 1
B 0 . a
e 1 b

e 0 , 1 AND 0
B 0 . a
i]' 9
, b
i]' 9
0 , 0 AND 0
B ,
i]' 0 . e i l 'p

B 00000001 1 .

62 -
'

l, a 13 b 11

. e a & b
, l 'p
00001001 9 .
a=13 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
b=11 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
a & b 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
4.10: a & b (13 & 11)
l AND uy
p
. , '
(
4.9) R
' ]
Rl= .
public class AndBitOperator{

int c=0,a=14,b=3;
System.out.format("%3d =",a);
System.out.format("%5s %n",Integer.toBinaryString(a));
System.out.format("%3d =",b);
System.out.format("%5s %n",Integer.toBinaryString(b));
c=a&b;
System.out.format("%3d =",c);
System.out.format("%5s %n",Integer.toBinaryString(c));
4.9: AND

- 63
'
( 4.9) R
, 14
3 , 14 & 3
' ]
lR .
i uy System.out.format("%3d =",a);
R

, a ' ]
.
9
Integer.toBinaryString(a) y . e ,
a p '9 =.
e

System.out.format '
] .
System.out.format("%3d = " , b )
System.out.format("%5s %n",Integer.toBinaryString(b))
, b , e , '
] =.
c=a&b
, AND a b
R

B c =. c
' ] ]
System.out.format("%3d =",c) System.out.format("%5s
%n",Integer.toBinaryString(c))

=
.
l OR

. OR

0 0
B 0
,
c
B 1 . e OR
1 1 , 0 1
, 1 0 ,
B 1
.

64 -
'

p , a 10
, b 6
. a b
= (byte) c ]
, 10
00001010 '
. 6
00000110 ' . l a b
OR a | b
.
a 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
b 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
a & b 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
4.11: a | b (10 | 6)
e, OR
a b
e e
() R
=. a

e 0
b

e 0 0 OR 0
B 0 . a

e 1 b
e 1 1 OR 1
B 1 . a
e 0 b
e 1 0 OR 1
B 1 . a
e 1 b
e 0
1 OR 0
B 1 . a
i]' 9
, b
i]' 9
0 , 0 OR 0
B , i]'
0 . e i l 'p
B 00001110 14 .
l, a 13 b 11

. e a | b
, l 'p 00001111
15 .

- 65
a=13 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
b=11 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
a | b 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
4.12: a | b (13 | 11)
e , 4.9 '
, a b 13 11 c, c=a&b

c=a|b R
. e c c
15 ' ]
.
l XOR
. XOR

0 0 , 1 1
,
B 0 .
c
B 1 . e XOR 1 0
, 0 1
B 1
.
p , a 5
, b 12
. a b
= (byte) c ]
, 5
00000101 '
. 12
00001100 ' .
l a b XOR
a ^ b

. e, XOR , a b

, e e () R
=.

66 -
'

a 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
b 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
a ^ b 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
4.13: a ^ b (10 ^ 6)
a

e 1 b

e 0 1 XOR 0

B 1
. a
e 0 b
e 0
0 XOR 0
B 0
. a
e 1 b

e 1 1 XOR 1
B 0
. a
e 0 b
e 1 0 XOR 1
B 1
. a
i]'
, b
i]' 9
0 , 0 XOR 0
B , i]' 0 . e i
l 'p
B 00001001, 9 .
l, a 13 , b 11

. e a ^ b
, l 'p
00000110 6
.
a=13 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
b=11 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
a | b 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
4.14: a ^ b (13 ^ 11)
, 4.9 '
c=a&b

- 67

c=a^b; R^ . e
, a b 13 11 c,
R

R^ c 6 ' ]
.
AND, OR, XOR
R

' p
, a b
, c=a&b
, c=a|b c=a^b ,
4.9 '
R

.
AND, OR, XOR ,
]
R^ <<
(Left Shift) >> (Right Shift)
y
.
a=7 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
b=1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
a << b 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
4.15: a << b (7 << 1)
] R^ <<

(Left Shift) =. a 7
, b 1
. a
00000111 ' . a<<b

, a e R
=. e a << b
, l 'p 00001110
14 . c

] 0

.

68 -
'

]
R^ >>

(Right Shift) =. a 6
b 1
. a
00000110 ' . a >>
b
a e R
=. e a >> b
, l 'p
00000011 3 .
a=6 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
b=1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
a >> b 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
4.16: a >> b (6 >> 1)

c ]
0 1

. c 0

, ]
0
d. ]
1 ,

1 d. 0

,
R^ c, >>>
(Zero Fill Right Shift)
.
] 0 1 R^, 1
0 R^
. e a
9 (00001001) , a
l 'p 11110110 .
a (9),
9 '
, a -10 . ,
' r o l
.

- 69
a=9 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
a 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0
4.17: a (9)
l uy
p
. , '
(
4.10) R
' ]

Rl= .
a 12 , e 00001100
' . b 2 ,
a << b
a , R
=. e c 00110000 48 .

c
] 0

.
a >> b
a
R
=. e c 00000011
3 . o , ]
0
,
c, ]
0

.
] 0 1 R^, 1
0 R^ . e a
12 , ~a
-13 . ~a
-13
, ' r o
l
.

70 -
'

public class BitOperators{

int c=0,a=0,b=0;
a=12;b=2;
System.out.format("%3d =",a);
System.out.format("%5s %n",Integer.toBinaryString(a));
System.out.format("%3d =",b);
System.out.format("%5s %n",Integer.toBinaryString(b));
c=a<<b;
c=a>>b;
c=~a;
4.10:
i '
( 4.10) R

' ] lR R.
12 = 1100
2 = 10
48 =110000
3 = 11
-13 =11111111111111111111111111110011
a b '

- 71
R
,
R

.

,

R . e a=a^b
a^=b
. a&=b
, a=a&b

=. c a b R
,
a .
R ].
uy uy
(a=1110;
b=0010)
& AND a&=b 0010
| OR a|=b 1110
^ XOR a^=b 1100
>> Right Shift a>>=b 1111
<< Left Shift a<<=b 1100
>>> Zero Fill L e f t a>>>=b 0011
Shift
~ Compliment ~a 0001
4.18:
4.7 (Conditional Operator)

. if else

? :
y
.
c,
9R


72 -
'

. 9R
, ?

]
R

. 9R

:
]
R
.
p '

R
.
marks 50
Pass s . e Pass
' ]
. l marks 40
. e Failed s , ' ]
Failed
.
public class PassFailed{

int marks=65;
String s;
s=((marks>=50)? "Pass": "Failed");
System.out.println(s);
}
}
4.11
e
]
R

(4.18) l. i ]

R
, ]

R
=.
e 2*3+5
* d
R

+ d
R

=. e

11 . l 2*3<=4

. e
2*3

- 73
R

<=
R

=.

.
R

. [] ( )
R
=.
++ -- ! ~
new
* / %
+ -
<< >> >>>
< > <= >=
== !=
&
^
|
&&
||
?:
= += - = ect.
&= |= <<= etc.
R
=.
4.19: 9

a=++b%3-1

. e b 4
++ d
R

b 5
. i
%
d R

5%3 2
.

d R

1
.
(=) R
'=. e a 1
.
R


74 -
'

R

p
. a=(b+3)%5

. e b 5 =
.
]
(b+3) R

8 . % d
R

i
. e
3 .
i c

R

d
,
R

.
9R R
,
R

.
l
,
ip' c
.

- 75
5.
(Control Statements)
'[ c ' ]

u
. l if else
=. e
'
c, switch-case, do while,
while for
.

'
R

R =
.
l if else, switch-case, do while, while for

, '
R

l=
.
5.1 if else
(if-else control Statements)
i '[ c if else

. if
] 9R
,
if
]
R

=.
if
] 9R
,
]
R

. e c else

, else ]
R
.
5.1 l 'p, if
]
9R
,
-1a
-xa

76 -
'

R
, if
]

else (
] -1b
-xb
) R
. if else
R

i p =
.
if

9R

? else

-1a
-1b

-2a
-2b

-3a
-3b
- -

-xa
-xb
5.1: if

5.2 switch-case
(switch Control
Statements)
switch-case
R
' if

R
'

. switch-case


- 77
switch(x) ,
c x
R. x
=
(byte),

(char),
9 o (short)
9 o (int)
R. p
9 o (long),
o (float), p o (double)
(boolean)
.
switch-case

, switch(x)
p

. x
,
R

. switch-case

] R. e , case x
R c
=. 5.2
p =.

] x
(char)
=
. e x , a, b, c ..
.
l 'p, x a

-1a
-xd ]
R

. x
b
-1b
-xd , x
c
-1c
-xd ]

R
.
x c ] c,

R

case default
. c
-1d
-xd ]

R
. e
, switch-case
case
default
R^ 9
. ,

switch-case
R

' break

78 -
'

switch (x)

X ?

-1a
case 'a' -

-xa
case 'b'
-1b
-

-xb
case 'c'
-1c
-

-xc
default
-1d
-

-xd
5.2: switch-case

l switch-case
uy
p
. 5.3 p ]
'
R
. '

System.out.println , ' ]
.
uy 'p ( 5.3) switch-case

switch (a) ] . a

9
o . a , ]

- 79

R

=. e a 1 case 1 , a
2 case 2
, a 3 case 3
, a 4 case 4
,
]
R

. a
1,2,3,4 ,
R

default ]
.
public class Stars{

int a=3;
switch(a){
case 1:
System.out.println("*");
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("**");
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("***");
break;
case 4:
System.out.println("****");
break;
default:
System.out.println("#####");
}
}
}
5.3 switch-case
9V

80 -
'

uy
a 3 , switch-case
R
, case 3 . ' ]
i
]
System.out.println(***) R
. e
] System.out.println(*)
System.out.println(**) R

,
switch-case
case 3

.
case 3

, System.out.println(****)
System.out.println(#####) ]
'
]
.

System.out.println(***)
] break
, switch-case
.

R
break
.
l break i i '

R

. e, ***, **** #####
' ] . break ] , ****
#####
' ]
, break

switch-case
R

p =
.
l d (+,-, *) , o
e R^,
R^ R^, switch-case

'

.
'
'
y (
5.4).

- 81
'
,
9 o R^ a
b , u R^ c
c ] . i
d
R^
9 op =. uyc op
R^ (*) .
public class Calculator{

int a=3,b=5,c=0;
char op='*';
switch(op){
case '+':
c=a+b;
break;
case '-':
c=a-b;
break;
case '*':
c=a*b;
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid");
}
System.out.println("Answer = "+c);
}
}
5.4: switch case 9

c switch-case
,
switch(op) ] . uyc op
R^ (*) switch-case
R


82 -
'

case '*' . e ,
'
case '*'
], c=a*b

R
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c =.
i
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System.out.println("Answer = "+c) =. e
u ' ] =.
l char op='*'
char op='+'
'
R
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8 u ' ]
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b e R^
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switch-case
case '+'
R
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case '+'
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e c , i
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char op='-';
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R^ , switch-case
p .

- 83
5.3 do while
(do while Loop)
'
, 9R

R
R^ R^ if-else switch-case

l . '

c,

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R .
,

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=.
e do-while
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R^

R. R

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do-while
do-while (do-
while loop)
.
l 'p, do-while ]
9R
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R
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do-while
9R
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e
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84 -
'

do while

-1

-2

-3

-4
-

-n
9R

?
5.5: do-while
(do-while )
uy p
.
uy ] '
R

c 1 3
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3) ]
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e
System.out.println()
.
e , ' ] R^ , e
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R

do-while

do-while =.

- 85
public class PrintNumbers{

int i=1;
do{
System.out.println(i);
i++;
}while(i<4);
}
}
5.6: do-while U 9 9V
'

c i=1 1 i
'
c ]. i
do-
while =. do while(i<5)

. do
while
p
.
e
p .
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]
9R
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.
uy do-while
System.out.println(i) i++
y ] .
System.out.println(i) i ' ]
i++
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c System.out.println(i) , i
, e 1, ' ] =. i
] i++

86 -
'

, i 2 =. R
while
] (i<4) 9R
=. c i 2 ,
(i<4) 9R

.

do-while ]
R
.
c System.out.println(i) R

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, i++

R

i 3 =. R

while
] (i<4) 9R
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3 (i<4) 9R
.

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System.out.println(i) , 3 ' ]
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c, (i<4) 9R

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uy c, do-while System.out.println()

R

l=, l p =
. e , 1 100 ] ]
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Rl= .
while ], (i<4) 9R
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R^ p =
.
e do-while 1 100 ] o
e '
R l= .

do-while 1 100
] o . l
e
o '
l 'p eR e e

- 87
d.
public class AddNumbers{

int sum=0,i=1;
do{
sum+=i;
i++;
}while(i<=100);
System.out.println("Adddition ="+sum);
}
}
5.7: do-while U e
o e , '
i
sum=0 , 0 c
]. sum+=i
sum=sum+i
R
=
. c sum 0
i 1 sum+i
1 . sum
.
i
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i eR =.
i 2 , i<=100 9R

] R
.
c, sum 1 i 2 sum+=i
2 . e, sum 2 . i
]
i++
i 3 =. i<=100 9R

R
.

88 -
'

c, sum 2 i 3
sum+=i
sum 5 . i

] i++
i 4 =. c i<=100 9R
R
.

]

i<=100 9R

R
.
c i 100 , e
eR e
=
. c
i sum e , c, 1
100 ] o e sum .
do-while ] ] System.out.println
("Adddition ="+sum) , ' ]
=. do-while
i '
R
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R
, sum
' ] p
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(100) R

.
i '

o

'
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m
(m!)
1 m ] o d=.
e
, d .
'
, 5!
'
.
'
, int fac=1,i=1
,
1 , fac i
c

- 89
]. i
do-while =. c
d
, sum+=i

, fac*=i
]
=
public class Factorial{

int fac=1,i=1;
do{
fac *=i;
i++;
}while(i<=5);
System.out.println("Factorial ="+fac);
}
}
5.8: U

fac*=i
fac=fac*i
R
=
. c fac 1
i 1 fac*i
1
. fac
.
i
] i++
i eR =.
i 2 , i<=5 9R

c ]
R
.
c, fac 1 i 2 fac*=i
2 . e, fac 2 . i
]
i++
i 3 =. i<=5 9R

R
.

90 -
'

c, fac 2 i 3
fac*=i
fac 6 . i

] i++
i 4 =. c , i<=4 9R
R
.

]
, i<=5
9R

R

.
c 1 5 o d fac

=
. c, do-while
] ] System.out.println("Factorial ="+fac)
,
' ] =.
5.3 while
(while Loop)
'
, 9R

R
R^, while

while .

l 'p, while c, 9R

R

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R

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R R
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e R
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e
R

, while
do-while

.

- 91
while

9R

?

-1

-2

-3
..

-n
(while )
5.9: while
while
while uy
p
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R
c 1 3 o ' ]
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, System.out.println(i) R

]. c, e R

while

while =.
do-while c 9R
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c =.
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c, 9R
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92 -
'

]

R R

. 9R

, ]

R

.
e
, do-while c, 9R

, ]

e R

l
.
public class PrintNumbersAgain{

int i=1;
while(i<4){
i++;
}
}
}
5.10: while U 9 9V
l do while 1 100 ] o
e '
, while
.

, 1 100 ] o ' ]

'
while
.
o o R 4.7
p .

o
, while
1 100
] o R
=.
'
'

y . '
c, int i=1

- 93

9 o c ] . i
]
while , ]
, 9R

] R
=.
public class OddNumbers{

int i=1;
while(i<=100){
if(i%2!=0)
i++;
}
}
}
5.11: while 1 100 g U

9V
i uy while
, if
=. if
i%2!=0 9R

] System.out.println(i) R

=.
c i 1 , i%2!=0 9R

. e System.out.println(i) R

1 ' ] .

] i++
, i
2 '
R
' 9R

. e while ] 9R

]
R
.
c i 2 , i%2!=0 9R

. e if
],

94 -
'

System.out.println(i) R

. e

]
i++
R
i 3 .
]
, i++
, if
]
p =
. i
'

R
'

'p while ] 9R

.
i 100 while ]

R
=. while ] if
, o ' ] , i++
c i eR i =.
while i '
,
1 100 ] i o e ,
while
'

R
. '
'

.
public class AddEvenNumbers{

int sum=0,i=1;
while(i<=100){
if(i%2==0)
sum+=i;
i++;
}
System.out.println("Addition of even numbers = "+sum);
}
}
5.12: while 1 100 g i

- 95
U e
o i o R if(i
%2==0) 9R
R l .
o = e sum+=i
R
. e i '
i o
e ] p =
.
e '
] while 1 100 ]
o , if(i%2==0) 9R
,
i o . e
i o
eR e e R^ sum+=i
. c,
while
] System.out.println ("Addition of
even numbers = "+sum) i
o e
' ] =.
5.4 for
(for Loop)
'
, 9R

R

R^
for
for (for loop) p
.
for , do-while while
.
for

R
.

c , 9R
,

,

. for c ]
eR
e
.

96 -
'

l 'p for R
, e
c

. i

R
e
9R
=. 9R
for ]
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.

for

R

=. i
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9R
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R

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for
R
.
for

9R

-1

-2

-3
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-n

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5.13: for
(for )

- 97
uy p
.
5.6 uy c ] 'p, '

R
c, 1 3 o ' ]
.
ec , o ' ] R^ ,
System.out.println(i) R
]
. c, e R

for
for =.
public class PrintNumbersFor{

for(int i=1;i<4;i++){
}
}
}
5.14: for U 9 9V
i uy
, for(int i=1;i<4;i++){} y
for
for =. for

, int i=1
1 i c ] . e
i<4 9R
c ] .
i R^ i++

] .

'p for
c ]. for R


98 -
'

e
, e
p
.
uy ] for

R

1
i ' . i
for
R

. for R
,

] i<4
9R
=. e 9R
for
R
. e for ]
R
.
e c, System.out.println(i) , R
, i
e (1) ' ] =. i
for
i++
R

. e
i 2 =.
i
R

for

(i<4) 9R
=. c i 2 (i<4)
9R

.
for
]
R
.
c System.out.println(i) R

, 2 ' ] =. i
, for
i++
R
i 3
.

R
for

(i<4) 9R
=. c i 3 (i<4)
9R

.

for ]
R
.
e i 3 , System.out.println(i)
, 3 ' ] =.
for


- 99
i++
R

i 4
=.
i
R
for
(i<4) 9R
=.
c, (i<4) 9R
. e for R
.

, for
, do-while while

R
=
. do-while
while '
, for
.
l for
, 100 1 ] o
' ] R l= .

for

, y 'p
R^.
public class PrintNumbers100To1{

for(int i=100;i>0;i--){
}
}
}
5.15: for 100 1 g U

9V

100 1 ] o , for

, int i=100
100 i
c
. for
(i>0) 9R

100 -
'

i--
c 100
1 ' ]
=
.

for for-each
]. for-each
. , for-each , '[
c
.
5.5 R e (Nested Loops)

. e p '
R
.
public class PrintSquare{

for(int j=1;j<5;j++){
System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println("*");
}
}
}
5.16: 9 e 9V
e '
o ' ]
=.

- 101
1234*
1234*
1234*
i uy for(int i=1; i<4; i++) {}
for(int j=1; j<5; j++){} ].
i 1 3 ]
R
=.
c
for for R. e

] for(int j=1; j<5; j++)
{System.out.print(j);} ]
System.out.println("*") R
.
for(int j=1; j<5; j++){} , j
1 4 ] System.out.print(j)
R

=. e c,
1234 o ' ]
. e
]
System.out.println("*") ' ]
=.
R
,
1234* , ' ] .
l o ' ] '
0
01
012
0123

102 -
'

'
, '
y
. uyc for(int i=1; i<5; i++){}

for(int j=0; j<i; j++){}
].
i 1 4

]
R
=.
e
] for(int j=0; j<i; j++){}
R

. R

j 0 , j i

c d. e

p i 1
R

e d. e j
0 ' ]
. i
]
System.out.println("") ,

=.
public class PrintTriangle{

for(int j=0;j<i;j++){
System.out.print(j);
}
System.out.println("");
}
}
}
5.17: e9
p
] i 2
, R

=. e j 0

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Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Formatted using Open Office

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

1. ' (Computer Languages).............................................................................7

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

MOV AX,10 Assembler 01101001010101

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Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

2.1 9 (Java Development

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

(Text Editor) '

public class ILoveJava{

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

public class ILoveJava{

l I Love Java We will learn it

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

System.out.println("I Love Java")

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

I Love Java We will learn it R

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

public class ILoveJava{

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

3.1 (Variables and Operators)

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

c eR . num, Num NUM

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

public class Add {

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

public class AddNew {

c System.out.println() number1, "+",

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

3.3 ' ] R^ (Printing a

public class DivideIt{

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

public class DivideItFormat{

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

public class ShowMyName{

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

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. kasun Welcome kasun

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012

Copyright Kasun De Zoysa 2011-2012