what is marketing

The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer.
It includes the coordination of four elements called the 4 P's of marketing:
(1) identification, selection and development of a product,

(2) determination of its price,

(3) selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer's place, and

(4) development and implementation of a promotional strategy.

For example, new Apple products are developed to include improved applications and systems,
are set at different prices depending on how much capability the customer desires, and are sold in
places where other Apple products are sold.
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what is marketing Mix

A planned mix of the controllable elements of a product's marketing plan commonly termed as
4Ps: product, price, place, and promotion.
These four elements are adjusted until the right combination is found that serves the needs of the
product's customers, while generating optimum income. Sometimes the first P (Product) is
substituted by presentation.

See also marketing and mega marketing.

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What is business to business marketing (b2b)

Have you ever considered how a Fortune 500 company provides new computers for its 1,000-
plus employees? They would never simply send an office manager to Best Buy for an order that
large, yet these transactions are vital for the future success of the business.
(b2b)

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What is business to consumer marketing (b2C)

It all comes down to size, speed, and need.
As opposed to businesseswhich typically make large purchases to meet previously identified
business needstan end consumer typically makes much smaller purchases, sometimes to meet
a need only thought of after seeing the product for sale.
(b2b)

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What is business to people marketing (b2P)
A major component of effective marketing is understanding your audience, and tailoring your
presentation to suit that audience. The differences surrounding target audiences usually require
marketing teams to re-think their outreach strategies in distinct ways.
While B2B marketing often employs detailed and analytic presentations about value propositions
and return on investment, B2C marketing often uses emotion-driven, catchy, impulse-based
advertising to appeal to peoples desires.
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Global Marketing
Only a few generations ago, it took months to ship products to a market in another country, and
doing so was such a difficult undertaking that only huge trading companies were able to take the
risk. Then, developments in transportation technology made it possible for people and products
to move much more quickly, and the first push towards globalization began.
More recently, information technologyand particularly the Internethas shrunk the world
even further. A business might have partners and employees half a world away, and consumers
can get products from those locations in a matter of days

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What are the keys to marketing success?

Keys to marketing success can be summarized in below mentioned points:

a. the foremost important point is to satisfy the customer.

b. A company should have a clear image in order to achieve marketing success.
c. Thirdly work should be clearly distinct from other business activities in an organization. It should be central to the entire
organization.
d. Fourthly business should develop a unique strategy that is consistent with the circumstances that it faces.
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Mention the various components of marketing management

Marketing management components can be divided into following points:
a. Corporate level : It consists of companys mission and objectives.
b. Functional level : Non marketing and marketing institutions are included in it.
c. Marketing level : It consists of situation analysis, objectives, strategy, implementation, budget, and evaluation.
d. The marketing mix consists of product, distribution, promotion, and price.

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What were the different approaches used in marketing earlier?

There were three marketing approaches used earlier:

a. Production orientation: An organization which focuses on production specializes in producing most of the given services and
products without considering the quality.
b. Product orientation: An organization which focuses on product orientation is mainly concerned with the quality of the produc
c. Selling orientation: An organization which uses sales orientation mainly focuses on the selling or promoting a particular produ
and not determining new consumer desires as such.
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Explain Service marketing. Also explain what is a service

a. Service marketing can be defined as marketing of services. Its not same for tangible products. Services if compared with goo
then neither all products are purely goods nor services. In more clear words service can be defined as
b. use of the service is not separated from its purchase.
c. A service can never be in material form and therefore it cannot be touched, seen, heard, tasted, or smelled.
d. The use of a service is inherently subjective, i.e. if many people are experiencing services then each of them will experience i
uniquely.


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What are the current approaches used for marketing?

Current approaches used for marketing can be categorized in four categories:

a. Relationship marketing: This approach basically deals with customer satisfaction. The whole emphasis is done on the
relationship between the suppliers and customers.
b. Business Marketing: It does not focuses on consumer products rather it focuses on industrial goods. All sort of marketing
techniques are like promotion, advertising, etc are used.
c. Social marketing: It focuses on marketing a product socially i.e. online.
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What is an International marketing plan?

a. It involves the organization in making more then one marketing decisions across the nations.
b. There are many reasons to enter an international market led by large market size and diversification.
c. There are also several reasons to avoid entering international markets, including too much red tape, trade barriers, and
transportation difficulties .
d. The stages of going international are as follows: exporting, licensing, joint ventures, direct investment, U.s. commercial cente
trade intermediaries, and alliances .
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What is marketing communication?

Marketing communication can be defined as the efforts made by the seller to convey his message to his buyers and to accept it i
retrievable form. The main point of communication process is persuasion. It is totally goal oriented. It is not an haphazard activi
Each of its tool consists of specific complexities and potentialities that justify managerial specialization
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What are the various types of marketing research?

Various types of marketing research are:

a. Field research: It is related to the research for a specific purpose.

b. Desk research: Usually it is conducted for one purpose initially but gradually it is used to support another goal.
c. Xploratory research: It investigates an assumption..
d. Predictive research: This type of research is done to predict any future occurrence.
e. Conclusive research: This type of research is done to derive a conclusion of a research process.
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What is real-time marketing? How it became important?

Real time marketing can be defined as marketing done to a customer in a particular time and place. It is the kind of marketing w
seeks the most appropriate offer for a particular customer. Real-time marketing is the outcome of customer relationship managem
(CRM) solutions in major companies.Over time Real-time marketing became a big solution for vendors and maturing customers
Vendors found themselves re-branding real-time marketing products to suggest a more holistic appreciation of enterprise interac
decision management.
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What is interruption marketing?

Interruption marketing can be defined as promoting a product by the means of advertising, public relation and sales. It is not sui
every time and depends upon company to company. It is very much sales directed, so if a company has limited funds to invest fo
advertising and wants quick results then interruption marketing is best. But at times it is not considered a fruitful way of market
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What is the difference between Interruption marketing and permission marketing?

There is a vast difference between permission marketing and interruption marketing. Permission marketing is getting found by t
customers by itself by the means of SEO, social media and content. It basically focuses on maintaining long term relationship w
the customers which is always helpful in long run whereas Interruption marketing focuses on getting quick sales without any tho
of long term relationship with customers. It just targets on promoting the product by the means of advertising, promotion etc. to
quick results.
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Explain diversity marketing.
This type of marketing focuses on creating effective communication methods and mixing with each of the diverse groups active
the market. Because different consumer groups have experiences in different cultural and social settings, therefore diversity
marketing recognizes the importance of cultural programming and acknowledges the consumers accordingly. Different cultural
programming, the tastes, values, expectations, beliefs, ways of interaction, ways of entertainment, and lifestyle preferences of th
groups tend to be different from others so these differences require the creation of customised marketing strategies.


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What is ethical marketing? Explain in brief.

Considering marketing ethics in the process of marketing is called ethical marketing. Briefly, if we explain it is the philosophica
examination, from a moral standpoint, of particular marketing issues that are matters of moral judgment. It results into business
community which is much more responsible socially and culturally.Its existence is very much beneficial to the society also. It
should be the part of business ethics because it plays a very significant part in any business model. It gives those benefits to its
customers which other companies does not even recognise.
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What is segmented market?
Segmenting market is to segment the customer and organizations so that each segments needs can be recognized and fulfilled
properly. The advantage is that there is no need of selling the product to all the segments of market infact a particular segment c
targeted according to their requirements. Market segmentation is done in two steps:

a. First step is to identify and classify people into homogeneous groupings which are called segments.
b. Second step is finding out which of these segments are target markets.
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What are the objective of segmentation analysis?

The main essence of segmentation analysis is:

a. To minimize the risk in taking decisions regarding how, who, when and where to market a a product service or a brand.
b. To maximize efficiency of marketing by directing effort towards a particular segment in a consistent manner with that segmen
characteristics.
What are the two major segmentation strategies followed by the marketing organizations?
The two strategies followed are:

a.Concentration strategy: This kind of segmentation strategy deals in a particular segment of market and therefore they set the
prices, etc accordingly. For eg Mercedes benz has chosen to concentrate on the luxury segment of the the car market.
b.Multi segment strategy: This kind of segmentation strategy focuses on more then one different market segments. They make
separate marketing programs for separate segments.
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What are various kind of influences which affects consumer behaviour?

There are various influences, few of them are:

a. Situational Influences: Consist of Market offerings, Demographics and Complexity.

b. External Influences: Consist of Cultural, Social class Reference groups.
c. Internal factors and processes -

i. Psychological Characteristics - Motivation, Learning/socialization, Personality, Attitudes, Lifestyle

ii. Decision Making - Recognize needs, Search for information, Evaluate alternatives, Make purchase, Post purchase.
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What is test marketing?
Test marketing is done in order to test the various variabilities including the elements of the product in a marketing plan. It proje
the actual launching of the whole marketing program but on a limited basis. In short it can be said that it is the last step before th
product is released.
Mention the various steps of a new product development process.
Various steps which are followed is mentioned below:
a. Creating new product ideas
b. Go through ideas
c. Research and analyze
d. Technical and marketing development
e. Manufacturing planning
f. Marketing planning
g. Test marketing
h. Commercialization
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What is false advertising?

False advertising is using false statements to promote products and increase profit lines for a company or a brand. Such
advertisements use deception to persuade people. Such advertisements completely deny the right to know for consumers and are
banned in many countries. Still they have been a trend by finding legal ways to deceive people.
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What is marketing?
Marketing can be referred to as a form of communication with your customers, with the help of
marketing tools such as advertising, promotion, publicity, design aspects related to the look of
the product etc....
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Customer delivered value, Total customer value, Total customer cost.

The term marketing does not revolve around fulfilling the needs of a consumer alone but also
includes the value that the consumer is deriving from the use of the said product or service....
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Marketing types - Basic marketing, Reactive marketing, Accountable marketing, Proactive

marketing, Partnership marketing
Basic marketing is the set of activities used to get your potential customer's attention. Reactive
marketing is the most widely used approach in marketing. Reactive marketing is based on the
concept of
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