FOURTEEN INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FIELDS 141 VECTOR FIELDS 1414 There Suppose that Mand N ar fnton of. two yes any din on an pen ik Piles crin ad M, de cnn or hen he eer + Nzuii reste toto a pig M12 Tomwem Let HN tl be fanions of tee vais 2,9, and = ind on an open tll sir) i Rand M,. M,, Xp. Ny. Ry. and Ry ae continvows on B. Then the vector Persie mes on Bitton Myenee meen) Mae wat gos iB a eer ae Ee hic he een « mpi th te te slr 8 fusle a amduca esa Lapa oamerative IP hn vse fd te rn se ard hat P= th Bie cle 1 couetolne vor fd ud 6b poe evan Pe Aa ab = de ap Seeey ot Let Pea vector ld on some open ball in R? such that Fleas) = Me = Ryle) NyCo9) = Ryle) thew partial derivatives oxi Tn terms of vector, Theorems [1.2 become 14.1.5 Thentem Let Phe difecentable on an open ball Bin R®. Then P =0f ifand ony ical P= 0. esl F=0, thea F isaid to be rotational. other words, Fis ireational if and ony if is Divergence ‘The eivergnce of P, denoted by div , defied by div Fn BL BO fees pal deatioen ex ICP and G are vector felds then eari(P + G) =cut P-+ecel Gand div(+G) = div P+ div @ 14.15 Thewem Let G be difereniableon an open ball 8, Thea G =cut! Fi and ony diy G I div G0, then G issaid to be slenoel Ihde patria te ness nd by P= 452, + hen cut = wx =| 0/000 ® aE ee wy ey oh oh 4 2 vip = v-0f heh ‘Two Dimensions If F sa vector Sd on somecpen disk in 1 such at Flas) = Malt Nevolh 34a VECTOR FIELDS 921 Beercies U1 1m neice 1-6, show om + gue the reprecniations Paving Ital pola at (zy of the vectors fn the vector field. where xis ‘Elec #2and yis 31 or 22. Brae) =sind BP Gy) asia 3 Play = ty teh Sheva zghpite) Mayu > (Exercise 4) The table below lists the fazetion valve for Pat each ofthe given points. For each point (23) in the ules me uve (2g) ov the ini pit, mn net the gents representation of the seetor P29 Soe the figure. eo 1 2 a Bnei TH ad conservative vcore having ren pte anton The dred conservative vcore P=. Te ayy) m 82 + Oy8, Ploy) = Tay) = Bei + fae B. flay) = 224 -527y? +454 > ine ver fel Fhe adit off. Thay Teale I jass= (Oo loa i+ (ety 16985 Fey) = Thea) 9. flew tad aby + ay ty? Blass, ® FS the nue wer ete Plena) Silent fens ilesak= er Eemnit eS = Plein) tne Pte te Vile: con(e? — yi ~ = cos(z?— ylj+sin(x*— 9) Te 1B Heine) ste, Pla M4. slays) 2 in(e? py). Fle92 INTRODUCHON 70 THE ‘VLUS OF VECTOR. FIELDS 1h Baerdies 15-20, deteraine I the vector Feld & comservative. 18, Pla) = (927 ~ BF) (8 ~ key} = Mex vit Now Mz) = Ay, Nylz.a) = ty. Because My = Nj, Fis comervative 16 Play) = (e+ Oh (Pet 20h Let Ming)— eft Sng) ete Mew)=ce Nea) =e" ‘aatatee M29) = Ngleva) allows that Pb gradient, ated hone a conservative ve 2 sn(a + yl} = Mlew)l+ eal yeni 3) Nea) sey Beause M, £N,, Pie not conservative. 1B. Pleys2) = (Be + 2p b+ Des + ye) (Oey + 29? 22) = Mie, 2 la Rylew.2)= 2 nen pa Seda At oe MR = Mg HE Neg. at + Renee aoe = Risna=e, Rye) Rye (d.o.2). Homever, boeasse Mt. We have M.9.2)= Nl this no eonteeaive A Raley2) then Fis ant a gradient, aed cate stin ‘auch that F= Va. te Byer H-80, prove hat Ue ver fl ictnrative ad ad > Wemay prove that Fm comereative By exiting the potenti frei 2 Magl=nada ve wbocsiny ary He eo whee og) =fe? + 4. V6 whee a(e9) gi pala cen coe) Coney ce ay a 2 > Piscomsrvatve if and only if Piste grant of sme fonton , We lt avg) an ish stom yeah = Neg) =e yeah ~sa yoah in 94, 1M, (2,9) = cs y sah =~ ycosh 2 = Nl0.9) ence Fi the zadient of me Santi 4, Purtermae, we Iave @_{zsa) sin y sith 2 teas y cosh 2 0 Gp(ei9) = eet yeoth # sn ysinh = @ Integrating with resect tor on both ses of (1), me have oleiy) = say cosh 2+cory sah ely) o Patni dileresteting with eopert to yon beth sides of (3), ws have 2,(2,9) = eee yesh 2—sin ysiah 2+") 0 CConipasng (2) a (4) ee find ety) =0 ) ‘Substituting for e{y) ino (3), we obtain the equi potential eneton Hepa y cook 4000 y aah eC 25. Flay) = (dey yh 4 (ey aay? 424) = V6 where ey) =28F ay? 424C.Hut VECTOR FIELDS 923 M. Plesy) = (Ba +29 Pei (ty Say? 24) = Ve where o(zy3) = 24 Dey — get HC. BF Pley,2) = (27 = y= (2~9e)) > (s+ dyke To where Os y3) = fe = ay 2992 +h +O. ®. Pi.) > Because M2, Mfzane) MUCe012) Beene Mf2sy.2) =Nq(ey.2) M,(2.9,2) = Ryle 5 ‘kta Fis the giadiene of « potential fanctint such has Gyles) = 22 eyl2.ty3)= 29 w f= yes then by integrating with respect tox, we bave a 1), we eonelde that 9 i Pasta itewatntig with expect to 2 we have Sderyes) = ay 482). )=2y in (1), then MM) =! ‘Thus the pet 3 and ely verify Equations (1) eke poet egitinate to gues thi 2B. Pheyy.a) = (2 A eed ej + (mye bem We hese dlssy 2) = ee tae = ye 4G, a0, Whey. 3) = (tan 9 4 Bey wes) (x ey hee 2) be Hey am =e 2 ofevy.s)= sian y+ yee stan HC BI. Fy.) = (220089 ~3)i where} = Peasy —B2— yt +246. 32. Plan) = (Bos > Wekave Mizs.2) =202 82? Rie, Rew. Ryan 1 feats) Nae then Pisin gratin of potniad fan 3 ch tat Galen) = yp ~8es" 6fay,2) = by +1 de, wo Tetgeing the fist aquatica of) with rope to eget hey) = 2a 42 +3} ® ‘Paetnitteretiaiag with rnc toy on both ides, we get %y ev = afy-2) poring withthe Sond equation (2, we 2403) =1 os) =y tH) Sebtitatng the vale fy.) nt (2), e have Mesa) e ey det ey the) o ailing with ct we ave9% INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FIELDS In Rennes 38-42, find curl Pad vB fr the vector fed yj. Mey) = 22, Nlzg) = 3. xe eh e2t3e8, M,+N, ea cul Men) =[Se9)-Mytonln= (+ and iv Fi) Mylo) +N, Fis Fit Pk M(zy.2) = 27,5 ny Roe a RS Oe Lt y+ stoke Miz. y, a RN hee aie GaP Lig Apis Oty HT eM (97+ 2)1 + xefeus 2j— setean. egy) ~ co 2 Bla ys) = 062 Joe, fey fs Ped! erceaseen, [P,(-eea ) —D,fereo 2) —[D,(-2cont)~ Dy efos 5+ acini etme + (eon = 29) ++ Dyson 2) + Df -zeeos 2) Moms +3) VESF ET VPS PET SM = FEEL N = VT SHEP Ry N+ (RI + (Ne Me ERE k de Pa EE © tons Sapa EM ape aS cul P= [Ry —N,)i+ (M,-RI+ (Ny “ P+ Ae (D,lerton 2)-Dylst+ ta Dc proven te he a ron tg Lp 8 fons toy Yvonne tony ins any Sh in 2 + tion, EL chin 2— 2 ety Bosman Fh 4 OF 0 fc harman isin te = acer Oh 0 Fo fi4 VECTOR FIELDS 925 & fey)=nv2eP » Weave is? +94) a # ee! Oy Fae yg (ets yn) 022) -2 +, ee = arth a ss wre wed Op ants) tat CeCe ‘heals the Laplacian of OF oF may Fst _y = Pe aT cause the Laplacla off 07 then J MH Keys) atbae rf, dees Hee F429? ahettayte 2p9? Yet PH AP a9 + 2) + Se] ets 4 te ty? +A), The sum of 3 such terms is 0. 41. THA, dieu F) =D ON, ROS NMG = Ry Naa) + May Rag) + Neo ‘Th mixed pst derivatives seen thy sr oatinus (1. 125) ands the ti is Bo. Ca PisQ)+Rk wih divG=P,+Q, +R, —D. We shall fad F='S4Tj such iat Gm aan Fe Le 3 Qe be and B= 5 For 20d 5 aud aby facto ey) the Gm two are lle By [i jresoaenes | aus T,a8-Ra= [seu rQyemsyar—cylen) [Rosine eon) Blane) fro} 2 ips) - Reeve) ~ Reza = RCo) —«e0) hich i satel by el) =|”, RN AH ty lon th iG = the diferees i n gadent casa fant, 48, Prove Theonen 8 > EY based Bei oc an open ballin RY, then the gradient of gia by aoe vee Gey ‘The ato the eran of J ca) cunto=| abe 9/dy Atlee Hf lby Bf yy cL ary ay ae = pte ais) ~Gete~ Hah Chad) type nm eae a nina Then 23. if y of _ ae toda Baty aE es Bie Terence aulie = Ord dro 4b Besos t+ 9.4 Ww rn i is on Fv hn Jom FF, MIN, Ne hy and Wy cated we ctinns lowe rn Thor 1233 thal Maketicenelerinedcs keith = Sgn tg + ofa) To ety the hind wae © lew 6 =0.20 R. Heese My,$6 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR F 142 LINE INTEGRALS, 14:22 Dettnltlon Let © bea smooth eure yg fm an open dak in? and havi the vector equation Moe fotenty wetet Pe ee Flew) = Melt New nee eno my ing he wt fan he integral of M(z, wide + Neale ‘over © in given by [seunes siene = flouenamrosnueonestene fev yew, te a inl a Foe Cin [rae [raw io ® ‘The line integral has the same valee for any parameteie representation of C; Purthermere, if C Js lowed cuve, the vale isthe sare for any stil point. The eiferetal form notaten sens to berasier to apply. See Exaelse 142. Definition Lat the curve C cont of smooth ater Cy. Corson Gye Thon the tine intgral of Messe" Rey oer Cl doe tye ong is [seneeeniaani= B([oMlemeerseutn) a exivlaly,by lg veer an, thf inert over Cis dete by f Peace mio) it alt aw i Nt a la pete rooney vee 14.2.1 Definaion Let C ie a smooth citve bing. the open isk Bin K? fr whieh a vestor equation is Wi) = (dis a(2j. ac t We aply Denon 12 Fiey) = (zy-y") and Bae) (Cs ey the reno) = F123 urthemors, bene HO ok Rie) = (2,30) (408) en f= 1 atthe point (1,1) and ¢ = —2 atthe point [ane [roy eine [Pee euamar= [e6-seiee= ee] = We'nay ala he dierent for notation, We kave de=udt y= 8e at The [paw [ovde-ty= [Pec@yaray (er 32a free. aya fo]? 5. Riv) = (2 plit (24 nh CRUD = Reo tie ain GOS ESI [oretten [Pt coe 1-2 dnt 2004122 in (2 in 2 om tee [Pha tne dca di ewe [70a sant | te-tlesedy= [penn sant 48 toteb yr scoot Joint 461-38 ahttjniegocest jtesint + 1D. -emdt+ DD Gare [[Fesint +f —cone+ DEH 8 Jo -dte: Hi) = 42+ 2? — iC 1S (12) t0 (28), 1 Beco te equsion of Gin xpreme in orm of 2; me apy Dein 142.2 with panamctr a, We ren phy 24 Land dy by Sede wth (2c Weve [rats [sents 62 dy = [Toetet sate (8243+ 2 4) = Poe ese sis ae tater [ot teeta ene et 20 ae = » fro (Dt 2.2) With» a saraster, [s@anesir—mnare [cr seier ies Se ee 10, Cy =e? fom (0.0) 2.2. Wi xa parameter, [ (2? peaks 9° —eehdy = [leat Ger jete te = [ae epee da aie rite 1 On G, » ieparanetr. 5 752. 7= 0.01 Cy is parameter. 0S ¥S2 ele tanita + (F —sahdy= [de [gt -2aidy 12, Eres se sant een Ci Belinea On havnt Un poh (el > Werle be the grantor and replace 3 by van dy by [prtestesnine [inPeretenay-iny=- [tem mteatt OE]928 INTRODUCTION 101 "ALCULUS OF VECTOR, FIELDS 2), 0<2 <1, With 2 as parameter Pitta (em etynactie= [Pat ats [fete] = M4 Gie=0.y= 010-1 and Cy [psetdes(esaity~ [ndys [-Pee=We'| "Je =t-f=5 ethos saad Ggy=P S25. [ssae-necete aes dindee [teste aPhede = [ee —se—rsices [setae [dP Sete et = 4-9-2 sae Sot 2 Cite tine egret fom (1,0) (84,8) | pete (os aity= leroy + [rr-nwesessyerm [ase —siie ae 2 xe = [[ers2e sreryermse aye eztf 8471-9 1 Ge=Gya% 2am ogee! [jrtsieste nde ster aden [*cvaneescrsagears essed [!atataf We Crate yt saPacree [otevmsitanetanvnde= [ea zetth styte = JP a m— nett a] 28 ene 18, Fleas) sored shy Cr RIG) = aco resin ch 0g 127 foram [ tang [ata ea ‘it costa ) + he Jota 26 (a2 $e —e). BB Jo¥- ARs Hg.2)~ Zeyh + (y"— zz) + 1a the ested cade RE) # Wenply Deaton 1424 We tve atte * fat done Gaia [prime [ pote (6 -enrv eae = [Rrecerees ioc? ce needs etary - [Joe +anryer— yer gel, 21, Plesss) = Davi (OP — enh 1k Ce R(O= HOSES: Ge REG= HER OSES 1 Cy RIE)= Jara fog vs fap tes farm [ees [era Bey de + (GF —2)dy + 10 ot-ese-ione = yee |-# find the tlt wo dana in moving am ohne Hong the given cave € If the satan la nad hy the gen fre fold. Acume that engl i reared in meters ad free in menses newton > W Sete of work ig doe Bey) = AH HAC RY) a+ G.0 Biehl ares denecas SS en tat aay) = Dycoma he mie hay os Tica a aio bd [pensetoy—aioay=e css + a7F+b = mh ee -“. [Feat = (00.190, 9)=9-0=0 WD. Bla, y,2) = eA + DA} + Bek = Po with o(z,3,2) | Fah Hn 2.2.2) ~efln2,b3) = 8484-1 a Reve) (Bh 4 gh-GeBs Giaar enrhooely ‘smooth curve from the point (1,2, -t) to the point (2,4,~2). Neo Rian) Nay! at Rylays2) N,lane)= 4 Ryle v econ Mf.) = Ngle.y.2) MyCoy3) = RaCaates) and No(s 2), then the gen ctor feld F is conservative and the line integral is independent of the path C. WOiEC oe ne sega wit Aeection (1.2.1), Parametric equation fr C ae992 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FE -Byes(Leao-(b+ ge “ae + asap) ay 1st “al In Beenie 21A20, chow that the Hae integral ix independent of the pathy and compte the val tn Each exerci, Ce ny sotionaly stncthcirve fren print A to prnt B ‘= We may show the Tne jnteyral i path-ndepnen hy ening potential forthe veto fanetion BL, Fle.g) = Qy—s)i+ y+ Bei = Ue with olay) =2ey— beta J Peon = 0022)- 0100-9 = -bYD-C p= F 3 2, [Ooet anne (rani | dnederttyde sted setdyanetenct zens oft) S-sinae24e BB. Play) sao vit early} = Ve with dy) z tan y, | Pra = ot be) o-2.0)= WA. [stay de (in 9 +200 yh; A is (-2,0) and Bis (2) erating sin 9-+# cy wh Fopect oy, we eonertin at Fa potenti for the ftegrand. Coding, wend (ony += a9) ~ ain git on g $c 9h 4 “Ths the ntegl i independent of the path and ts val x H2,fx) ~ 0-209) = (-]VE+ 2) = (1-2-0) = 2 VE om a4 Bg = 0 with oly) = Edy. |r en BS, Wa) = PE it B= he wlth ate) = Se J 2 [gaat tat eat = ace oat a2 oe eéspageteee fs Bo + let 25+ (et a Bo J Pat=0.1.0)-6(0,00)=3-023 2B, Sloe ne (at hay $ ey 2s A (0.00, and 1,0, Rsys)= e942 Rye Ree Bylesnch M22) = Roy.) and No.2) = Rylan) then the given vector Feld P i coneereaive andthe live integrals idepedent of the path C. We tC be lie meen for (@.0.9) (1.11). wit dren 1,21, Param unions for C me ety= Teens [(ertaven erin slasnnes [Jeenueiesnee (tena [laeoane metsiny + 9 f an [erly een 2a to (0,8) = 6201) etn ten14. LINE INTEGRALS INDEPENDENT OF THE PATH 993, = 14 Re dys sit (nee 422K = We with teigs) 20 eteymae peer. | Pea LAO) 4-2-6 22, Prove Theor 1423. © WC wa smooth curve, ne may et parametric pston of be peal) FLA) Getey voce Eye) = (Flt) an & Reena) = Mews ene Rleunk Desa ¢ ira povctil fee files) eplened=Nleine) deans) Me FP Wels or ec ue tnd tbe cated fname [Meat seaspre nny (Mehl) hoon of the eae, = [ etemane toyianshirt ose [Berane neonsieaes oyutenatn ace ose +estbat 8M COME [Rensc0.9e0.4e0 sassowolt ees med) AE Ene 22) 82,2) ly smth thew apply this result to each smooth piece the value of @ at euch In Beers 33-36, fil the total work done in moving partie aleng are C ithe motion is caused by the force Gata P Aesur length is tenured in nite and foe eanired in aewtons, (Hint: Fis. show comernine) © fos of work done 33. Pe. et wis Sir + w= We | (ees —Su athe et fe t tady 2 BB Masi) =P Ait de Hoey PEM Te wi es) =ter'2 Wadasyahad aii 2 = Stee st evtlk; C: the are of the circular belix R(t) =3 cos ti+ Ssin G+ tk from e+ pF. W= 612.) 40,0) = 215-0 = 216 ee con sera nacn ein = penn 22 4? with ap to ee ce hat eye) 3 enti fot grand. Cheng we fod ~ayfsis says) +43" +29") Thus the istegral fis independent of the path adits valve i AB IVI fo) — 8.0.0) = Fe tye) 0 = Bre ge The tetal work done G2 +h) joules pW H8.04)- 48.0,0= Fb = 2 Yerst.964 INTRODUCTION TO THE CAL ILUS OF VECTOR FIELDS MA GREEN'S THEOREM WAI Theorem 1A Theorem MAA Theorem 1442 Theorem series 1.4 ‘The wath dove la moving aa objeet a round » wetianaly smuoth simple cloned curve ‘be ound by erasing » Ine integral Gress theorem gives the option of ering double lntagtal to evaluate the ne tegray he line ltegral round © bn the eanerdockvise dvctioniedmoted by In the flowing tive ctvorems, Saad Nate functions of to variables andy hic have eontininan fine patil derivatives em an open dak B in REC is setionaly socodt simple closed curve Ing ealiely ie Bad As the gion bounded by C. (Green's These) fmtewnts+ntouaa= [f (Non (Gaus's Divergence Theorem i the Plane) 1f F(2,9) = Mie a)i4 Naik and ws) is ‘the uni outward mormal vcter of C at P where» unite is the length of are measured ‘oss a pareaar punt on C to thea frau=[{avra~[[ sore “etn neal fm dll be fart Pao (Seoken Theoeem in thy Plane) If F(z,9) = M(aspli+ Nieplj and Ts) i the unit angent ester of C at Bere cnite fhe length of are reste Tat parila int 08 © 40 Py then cath FRA ‘ie line steal P-T de eal the creulation of Fazoand C. hes sppling Toren 14 and Lit we ay the gatos free plerleacte ter doris Fre era enc Tete onie ANinyide + Meee ‘The arn of & hypacycoid of m cusps Jee See Beene, AYA). The ate of an enti 1 Esercon 1-8 evaluate ce line aceqral by Green's thre, Verity the maul by the wthod of Seton 143 1 [btesteare ero 2 fpetew || oser-nystun [flee mntear= [eon =v) [fede [ui Gy ngat-aecte) 4 wervaeey= [leas pase] eomiy | eerea= osts netskoy ba [ane144 GREEN'S THEOREM 995 3 f pevde-etyay= J [2-29)—fizen a= [2] asp tent de = [f cet seujey 3-3 Jarta—p= ~ fh Aloo ce Riommaces fanderve N= 0-940 EFS eS RYO)= Ponts fpr-nn-iy argues [ete= [8 4? 908 zen dx —s4p were eta with vera (0.0, 0a (3) thasts i M(za) = 2ey and Ney) = 24s ie] =-4 We vey tern by he method of Sion 1.2. Lt Cy eth segaent fom (0) t (18) Go the fe: Jet Cyr he segment fxm (150) te (25 let C, be the great Gor (Ie) 1 (00) 7 fizvee—Pydy= 4, ede Pre} 3 aay de—2y dy + §, Devt ay dy o Pattee oquations fr Cae O21. Thm, eH te Pty [reams @ Parhstsc equations fr ae 2 Oct 1, Therefor, f,,tev4e—sydy= [20(0) ta 1 @ Pathetic equations fer Cy a= futeu rsa dy [Uaete~ Pan ¥?-: ee a: ieee o Sabiating fom Ka. (2), 2), ad (4) nto), we bain § toy te-2 dy 0} fee vile gre wih the TT bla by uing Gres thew ie sedy= [J [fodiens -— || crete = fon f Ale Cm aeons te oseste w tin i )~nos e et= Hs feouft fen PMe$ ey dy = Jd (D,(2ey)—Dyfe?—y?yMa = Se (244 2)dA 20 because yis odd, Alo, Yet meomts ymin. f (2) yPaa sty dy~ [onto —site(-nn 900) +2 sin ten eos 640) = 0 1 f prdenstees [f [Biv Bern pa~— [Tot sah ae (Mae +d [a fev het da Hh ate 42,0626 -Cgy= averse | ee dy Abe) he} Gelue [2 ee wnee= [ego gf=-B836 INTRODUCTION ‘TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FIELDS (2? -y?ide + 2ay doy where Cio the claed exe eonsating ofthe at of '= = from (0,0) ta (2.2) an the ine memcatfrom (2.2) (0.0) 1» "The fgate stows the curve Cand the region R tha enclave by C- Applying Greon's theo, we ave fetes dy= [| o,een)Det—ren [r+ 2080 = blag oer [lute otf ietee=fle -aie'h -# ‘We vey the rest ty the mh of Secon 162. Let; Ye hereof the carve ty = 2 from (0,0) to (22). Paramedrie equations of Cy are sot yap sess ths, {enw nesten dy= [0 =a gengean = [es Boule reef = in sa ng (22) 0 Prat ant Ce Bat p=! from t= 210 ince, be (P-ie tay dy= [beanie - ‘ten Pe + indy = filet steeds § (Pde sort Na wich grec with he elt oan! by sng Gress here. In Ears 9-20, Saeeeeecema ees w faconae sneer Bere [2 fea = [oe deed 0 f pte erty [f toe) pyutva =e wf otenave | f [2 = [) eave? —20) 22 fc lhe Cth ded ce een ha he pba == re stows the cutve and Ie Yegon K enclosed by C. We sly Gros theta with M(siy)= 20+ yaad Ny) =O rene = JJ emo = ff cama crm [ice pen fte eB J [here feonfe= [0 [cmersenar ce = [7P [panies eons fltae = IF (fine — a Fe po oe fertaesettiy= [foe pyttnin =o sa fgoeevome144 GREEN'S THEOREM 257 15. § foate + yes (owe oy = | JJ fgiore-er-dpeee sera =| teama 35 fee sn yon dy wh hag ih vet (0) 0 deal > 8 age stows ne secangle Can the eon Mesos ; Appi, Gres here, we bave frsny-vensdy= [ff (D,(-ve0s 2)-D,fe sin NA sy oA Niae-smpae sea = [tyyin ees ob" = [["gyreine-}vdenee afters ivie |? = AVE) ~ Ce = htt ave 12, Th nn ofthe apn £54 Bp te (82) = 10 fpgehte tow totem ff | Beta « BC 1 focaedsomen= I, nine i mn | er meeedety y= Whee ~2nfs= =f [eve aty ST de [laste atl 2.5 — ade aa Ba 20. fgtan ytxtany dy, whens Ci the alpen Py? = © bie ria ten, ha frre [| iemt-nyonsninn[futr-meven [fecitn =~ Inet the se an tips tien and th) In Beri 21-2, Tere 1.2 the rf he in, vil ce Dm HO << HGR =G~OLaaBU cts i) Bean ee ere oy i-tp9 cee aegffowsd |! pu=nemaces] -8—m)+52-olered| [0 (h-one 04d] are §[* 1arse=3 2 semgyymecind. a=} "(acs ofa cas ae)—esn sy-anne ar)= je at =ne ae netfee If emer Af kere eden | Ah ester cg fe) ase 0st435 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FIELDS 2A. The region bounded by he patina y = 22 ad he Sine 9 =e he ge sbws the tgon fe hounded bythe curve Le Cte Ub ar of {Ge paola y =2e? fom (0.0) vo (4,32) and fC, be the fe segment rom (32) (0) By Theres 4A te ada ot 5 fa rdrmnde thf edymy de w 4 Ter ¢ <1 4. Tins Pieumare uation ot an mand firermneen [quay 2a cir tae, Fra-aee=|iusay atmo ditt om ft (2) and) nto By (2) me ota AadBalonG “The ara is 8 aquare unite, and 25. Area of astrid 2 = a coe, y = asin. A Af? tecoe%(tesin?tcon + asin cat sin tt 2g (cat aneente stn [Jase For te hype off = m camp fet £1 Then == Rtas 4b mt ded[ ton tthe thon! ten k)—oant—baatif-ban swank = Bee | tect gee ate es = (Bf —Z pte int ytoent A= [Oats es en ta=(1 ene ont bb in bint oy|feese ts neste test ycatasne-2¢P ae te a 0 ity gsi a elt a een nln » We mst show (9) $F. Nas J avras ang fpr flour kaa. ft Hog) 18455 Ne) enon (OMG =costssings fende~ [Oc = [eeu s2aintpte= 4" costs te O) Ns): ne en): a oneeteat [f,aveens ffa43e nin seen f 9 tien [hes eng -odn cna and [[ eurtP tas | okaa=a. = [-teceshestaneansi "The gute shows the region RU The bouncary curve Paramccie equations of Care scot yoaat Deters Tour de =~ cot tain tat Because FE) fornined. [Foi santa? tan ce= aah s cot f ‘Th ih to Ga ve tn ith pe14.4 GREEN'S TINOREM 939 [fjarrar=|f prsoaresyennas | .osanenj ta [ [044-0 set eine Git ge en ese ae tin sd Re ladialaghet ron ne a f peta f ae des meanay= [2 se oR rin). (-2008 esa oe a = [FF sett ait 2e08 1 at= J -aeyey a Lage Lega a = EE sa? 245 ~ cos 29 at = 4] leo 4) — sn? ate 29 fe — fainae— faint uf = Hon) = “The ih se of Soke ese is the plate [footers [f GY Bien | [piv aeanlia = [fsa nal erga a2 et = cos @ and de = ~3 cas 8 in 0 dt, Thos [fenton sn ie] cnet Pat one te=o fit aot ana 20" ae m0 toto r= mo (pf Lag AR saan con a= IF] con sin 2 ona dt = le pan 40 dent 2] = 88s) = He aul we have veifed Stakes theoran ia the plane for the given veetr fed and rei 29. Hay) = Fin yAL MOS cosh 42h (0) § endef -vde tetdy= = [Peosate+t0corae=0 and [| ivetayAnaa = [f (2e+23)40 =0 (ol power wf p rien f steer fone i? fale fea fsa <0 wt ffyeor sn. [fo Mayet fen ger Jf gmtesnen [[ 2—anth = ate eh om tl ta Berens 31-3, we Gre teore to ind the total wore dein toving a objet inthe counterclockwise rth ton ened by he ore ed Fe eng emt nd (4 sn? nn 1) (25 cate) Reon Hatt sot [favor toua = ff penen in ¢ dt) +25 con?e(2eos tt) = 0 and bse + atty = [™ fotee i eased In wt Pe Baris 3-34 ous of wot is den. aL. Mee on Seen! wef cess +s sndy= [[, [242-99 psoas) = ff gen =ser=2er{M0 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUSOF VECTOR FIELDS. 32. Cis the cic 92 — 2h Piny) = (ef yi (Sytem > Lat be theregion ocked bythe dele. The aumter of oles in chework ven by Wa fccreaestcsmane= || (Ducrenes)-njerestin [[ {tre-th=e ‘eae the integrand i nocd fancion oy dR insti with spe! to the = ats We G(r tePiee tet 2 Ike sake ova [iJ tonsa = i ltsv-atf ae [Zae-ay aren [eae sae tee ete evtatites andy [J osta)—DytertvtHe= ff cornea = ~ [i [evr Peeve = [Rn etide = forte ae tn Ferns 35-8, Mad he tte of flow ofthe id otf the pon bounded by the curve C HEF isthe ‘lo el fe Ss, Veit nan in elitr pe second ara asi nan centimete 4 Thole 4 = van 20 = sumed of n/n the auiflow the Md nef ¥-Ndes [di Pan [[ (642A ~¥-24 6. Mey) = (Ge— H+ a 29h; Ci the Sight wiangle having veces a (1,2), (4,2). and (4,0) '> The rate of fow of the Mid isthe fas. We apply Gans theorem in the pase Aoevaleate te line integral. The figite shows he the region R. The aren of the ght wiangle is 6 cm’. Thus, tee f Pond 2 em®. Fan ={f posses en,eesieaf s-a0.=8 “The rte of fow'of the fd out of the region Ris 18 et2/ee. H. Henin PA These a nn lo of tne f wenden [iran ff astearn = [| ariedeay = [FA Krnce= ff anor [tatu ["[2Araein aoe del Ia Ech 9-21 eck aid ard x da US haw i lo sa ee lat ed chet ec te crime ekg ‘counterclockwise; (i) the eiteulation of the Auld is clockvise: (ii) F is irretattonal; (iv) the cireulation is O bat P eRe ae at Gj cul P= (6—9k= ME fopra [fatr nen [f,surre nace athe tig tet 9S 38. fu cont = [D,(38)~ Dyy)]b= Se “the aea ofthe region M bourded ty the ete xab = x)= br There, applsing Stokes theorem in the pane, we have i perden [for nana [f (can adan-s|f a0=-ae)= awe FFT dl 0, the eelain ofthe fd lec 1e,9)= Hie p00 P= Mone (i a. Leotae= [[ cade tien |) oat 1s. fnteahtr= ff JB 2d Gea trem ith Me) Heace (i) 6.14.5 SURFACE INTEGRALS 941 1145 SURFACE INTRGRAIS Let $e the surface that is the gnah of the bunton t= /(ey) mere f aa ts Bat asl Gervatives ave continnous ona sein D i the zy plane, acd et G be a faetion Fee YE which i coutinuem ou Shen the sure fntepial of G aves an be {xpred asa doubl nega ve he rg Dae ise J] gtenawe= Jf Sie ntiemy Teas Fe +1 68 in par coordinates ite nce ven by # = fe then [[ocacne=[f etcasionfreaer seas irae IAS measure of the art density ab tbe pol (9,2). 0n » surface Se p23) an if Mie the mens ofthe move ofS, then ae [J plenshe Let P(S.3.2) = M(znr2}t+ N(a.ys2)i + R(e us 2Ik be the velocity field for fuk that ows though = nace S If» la the equation = f(a) and Sex over a gion D in the zy mane, where fal is frst peril derivatives ae continous @ Dy and m8 a tt upper ermal vector forthe aac, then the fax of actos $8 the euface luge of Fen ove Sand thi suc igral may be evaluate by dull aged over The fax of Fates Ss given by If mere ff ore ts,men © replaced by fern Hrerczes WS. In Buel 1-14, evaluate the surace integral fJ,Gte 1 eg)= #2 VEF=. Seal a Seep cen nana te =f) va ae an a2] | a= oe Teena Seu) = Jeane [f evteTeiins [viet ae vi flaca Vile de) wf fan) 1 Spent s [joes ae HCTF aa =vi[2 [2 “er+ay—atan de = Vi? [ost fef as v8), [(ee-n92-2)+Je- ate = Vif [222+ 6e-4 eaten V9 $e 430? te feof = Iv 4. Gloyy.2) = 2S tthe portion of the plase 2 + y += = Gin the fist octa 1 The Bute shows the straceS. The projetion of Santo che ry plane the si [nngult regan D, bourled by the = and y axes aod the line 22 + 3y =6. Deane (29) = 822 —3y then the surface integral of G over Sis ven by She dom J [ (0-22 -sny Feats Tew aa ite 2 flaws 2 [ [8 oases el etacoenpnes tecoe-w = VR [Yom dem Vigne 209] = 61$42 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VBCTOR FIELDS 5 feyime=6—te—in Fea) =—2 ffoad=—t [ [ avede | g6-2e—tny TTT AA 2 Vf? [a6 —20yp— Pde = VTE — 209? =P] Ge V4 |? 26-207 te = dV {e629 —j~ vero (ag, = WE Vira jf, Laosi=0. ff re Fe vorian= [5B ede = [opti "eps 000 co ane 1 sewh= 22 flea) =2 Sew) =0. ff ede ff Tea J Jeri avae JSeVETT de = | ee 447) = 6 v5-0) 8. Gle.y.) = $ i the portion of the cinders = 457 in the ft etant bound by the evra pasen tnd We plane = = 3. > The figure shows the srface S. The prjection of $ onto the zy plane is the rectangular region D, bounded by the 2 and y axe and the lines += 3 and gral of Gover $s given - iQ sentient [fevers ey = Pavan expe? +n? hyo In Beis 9 and 10, fe) = 2= VET flew) =a fe) = Jf eee [Je vata atten = aff et ertian = aD irae any = vif b= dva[ i a0= Bae ° 10. ff swear sf] sovaran te intepmd is odd M. fea) = 25 8-H fale) = “Bf Jerome = ff jer Freee es ndy de = Vil Hoa nee? =v eg en dae gp Lo et -n909 Wi Gep2=VF oar Sister ene us? +9? ==? between the zy place and the plane z= 2 The fire hows the sartie She pragetion of Soto se lane i the rion D bounded by the crde 27 Sag the eqeaton of Or satface for swe tain t= flew= VPRF Keld=ia Me Tep We evaluate the srface integral of G ve wih th ep of polar eoeines [| verrre= [f VER eae «ff Nowe vRaa = af] verre 2 |” [ae dr an) = 202) = Be z145 SURPACE INTEGRALS 943 3B. fleg)=2= VEZ fs) = a 4 [fjovsem [J poe |i an * agtety= [PAP a=0 14, Let Te the entire sphere. Ie al 2 J teentf] ee naf etate cian aha ff de=pstae ste ta Eee 152 fd hen hee Sift ey ay 9.) one) at BB flag) 2s IPP. fle) = FRE fee) = EE HM the a a ff WET = [2 24 | [dewanen |? en het 16. Sis th portion ofthe plane 4 The figure shows the surface S ven by the surface integal a= [J fotze ‘The projection of $ ont the zy plane isthe ren bounded by the axes and the ne 3529 = 6. win the ution ofthe lef =, we oan In the Rist oetants plz.y.2) = 9+ 2= nas of the surfaces Mk, where Mis Me uf (rs 2n/FFea= Frente = | (12-622) JF H CaF a 2 VR [°° te py dew SV tae Pe = 301A 00-2)? 9a ~2)*e = $V | 2 -2de = Via -29 = VE 1, flea) 229-2 Syle0) = Be Sle) = ty. dm VISTA D ina cel of rived. HM ky i the maze, = ff be [Vi rigF Hi = i a=, 18, Let Te the nt pba ue J fea Aff cote vee 24] (tePecree= Mf, tiem puenge VET teh aE Bem polar HEM ethene aa [f pres [pe sale aig vie vilf pe avn = VII [) Pacey ae ao = V2 [™ pop stead = BOY [™ Nr con a = EVD ‘0, $s the pordon ofthe spbece + + = 16 inthe fist atant o(z,m$) = 4:2, where ks a constant, The ma ofthe surface M kg, where Mis glen by the srface integral fase a [eee @ a wafer @ adn (han (ting by ve a [sess Phee eel | a= aot act tans) =e{4 INTRODUCTION ‘TO HE CALCULUSOF VECTOR FIELDS ln Exercises 21-24, ind the fx of F BL Flay) = 2th) rk LEN) = temo ter= [feta | Jonk-t)+(-n(-2)fa=6f [aa se =e M Fie 4+ 3) 4 Oak S i the portion of the parcholod = = 4— 273? above the zy plant. 1» ‘The fgare shows the mite, which les above the teion D in the ay plane. [Dis bounded by the ice 22 49? —4, wioee aren is Let rafieystneny aad Niesel=ay Ris per nora veto for Sythe the ux of P across Sis piven by [ocean = [J fete ene) ene aa maa faa [peewee a+ [foe Sedan seedes [ra cayeays ["f eheniemy aay + he f w04 |) [lavdspor'f' aaeass0s [i [?2eeds i + y'j + yak. Take the sides of the cube in the order 2 = 0, 2 =, [flonan courses f [aston ede [anced ssidestsde dee ['[! cio anedss['f!cetey hooded nos ['[tsivacsns ff! dears [)[! yuedynactrted 148 GAUSS'S DIVERGENCE THEOREM AND STOKES'S THEOREM Ta the fllowing tro theotems, M,N and Rare fection of three vaviabes x, 9, and =, ving entinonae ft pata dvix on a ope all aK and we It Fovn2)=Meg.2i-+ Nac) + Ringe 146.1 Theoren (Casts Divezgetce Theor) Let S be tetonally smooth cloved surface lying i By aL be the resion bounded by Sand let nea nit outward normal vector ofS. Then ihre zee 162 Then (e's Than) fat She nly eth nie ier ithon cle pervs eninge: See eta ead rel ad Fen ot tan car Che mee feed U2 Zand fon vpecake a Os ro cate nono ice fetes |] coF-nce Secs cen Sa spy Mair ba om shied aes m8. Fe,148 GAUSS'S DIVERGENCE THEOREM AND STOKES'S TIEOREN 945 Erersses 14.6 Te Beare 1-2 very Coase dnargees Georn ox Pan 3 Pat Binthembeest+7?42—1. [[[ avrav=a[{] av-afs)=f. On the upet hese by equation 145.9, [[ won de= [J (+04 2=)40 a2] (ie a2 Pan a2] [artigo 2] Yo pf wo HM aes (nm the ome espe the sign of © aad are reves so Uinta she same. mre an [ff av Pav= off r= agear ote a0 [f Peade= 3a = tse Iifeeeire fiiliwaees [imaecf evan Fade [fl on-(-narare Pf gtena-tdy aeons [2f tan tdede a fiestas [[lemtemetceae Tfiewsee |! esasosoedh +lebsb=t hi 3 Seely hh cdl pb Fe tg howe he ier Sept of te pti te Meer AT ese ate tees planeis the region D bounded by the cirde 2° + y* = 4. We have Tense he Bnend= Theta Gn degee [[gromte=[faremere | [orem o S Because the outward tait nomal lo 5, i dowiward, we have . [Joemie | sorrcens, mourn | [eas aan trian [J oe —siran Wish yl neither nd xan dar ded [fgeemees [OPE cent marty nar [° fe tga ar = [i JP" ot comzene ae ae [lem eraperfi= oe e On $2, New and PW eA, Thon ° [Jarmsen | [5dr = an ot ce tnd) =a 168 Sbtitatng font (2) end (3) int (1), me have BeNte sinters ‘he Eght side of Gans divergence theaeem is Ffee= ff [eesti Of F by the method of. vl) 1. A section perpeaticular Wo the £ axe a cle of “Thus we Mave veited Gat divergence theocem for the given F and S.tus wrnopUTIONT0HE caLCULUS OF VacTOR rELDS ented sei: fn ht ah Cee SE Sep ands cre Sern one ee tie [ff 2¢v=1-6~ 1d tones pnt themes fee On the ay plane, Fen = (ei-+ai)-k=0. Let T be the closed hemisphere Te bounds of elise Fe. vars ff sera | aenore reaisegetmnnceersuseinae [['[ansneartes [face is cn thf int endl te coder gas Ds) Alia he Gee beh tebe , ; ere (ome nee ivr Phe eee f f et vetoes 0. Sir nde = I, ona ay =a » [fener [Mi ‘ol te segion E eloned by the sufce Se a°)a) = 30r fror ae Joaad on the side by the lider 2° 59? =9, D,(e)-+D,\y)+D,(2)=14141=3 thes by Gauss difergene vee have v=o (ous) "(o422.edyae144 GAESS'S DIVERGENCE THEOREM AND STOKES'S THEOREM 047 YasQy) eat 7. Sait gowiat Anan, gee SS Faret ea te Thos aero Ba Ste Se aciee Appin Gas iene thar’ 2 i oe tine cen ile i Sree [ere [Late = LIers = [meas [arom ef ome ve ree 1-2 wy St tin he a respec peta || oe F atte AL Plays) = 714 + Sint aye? 20. R= com f+ain Gy, OS ¢< Oe. fopitane§ pecwsya tare [asian tone 406 [Jenrse= JJges-2men a = Shee N do [J 20k mde =0 foymmetny) fot) 1a sa vi decin fend aso 19, ears) = Pipa RU) ~ tying. 0-¢ 1 7 Acperaen f pesoe dys Pirm [teins sense tf [7 ¢ J (ames + fon an JJ onendes [J a-ak n dew JJ 2. Plz,y.2) = ey y7) + the Ss the portion ofthe paraboloid = = 4 + y# belaw the plane > The figure shows the suface Sant ite pojection D onto the 2 plage. D = Sounded by the dicie 74 y=. The boundary of Sis the rte G with center at the poit (0.0.1) and radius 1. A vector equation of C wih ac lengths as paroreter ie gives by Ris) conten Gtk OCs S28 = ‘he nit tangent veer wo te cure Cs D,Rs) = sn ah con P(R(s)) = Peon asin 4,1) = cos # sin si + sinh + 2h Re airroreormentat oes sony [peta [sda sais 4) (an hen oct i de Sat em ev Pan vee + Alo, from Equation 14.89 [JP o- arsine a Pecos) [Pesan Poy carl P=] 9/820/29 0/0) ne 2 Thus,‘38 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR F1BLDS J jotrede= ff -a-a-0 Secale —2 isan odd futon and Sis symunetsic with respet to the ye pla reatse both sie of Stoke's torent are cer, have werfnd Stokes theorem fr the yiven F and S. 435] 4k Rit) = Seas} Sin +k *[-s(dsin (Bain 9+ 38 em (Sean )+2-Ole fly eine =o glo O(n) Hoe inal Fe at ute elena fV = A)do = s/s(-2 va) <2 A-+(2— Yk Cis the trian ating vertices at (20,0). (0.2,0), and (0.1.1) gle We eakulate the ext of Phefore chasing the mrfae 8. [tention wen ff pendena[f deat te tantea-ades || to-aro-onlades [°[yavéens a tstiaea R= (60,2). C is Wiangle PQR, PJ genesis tet aymen de [fim on ae wT, nian [fjpq tnt stat BR Flesgy8) = (Beer + +s + (4? tan iC ha vertor equation R(t) eo tin G rhy0 ¢ tS 2m. a i i . wr] 2 og sae ame Psiny 7 Dene Hs pe pe sy pao NE Apping ke nr furcnie~ [[ sonvende~ | | aaa Wei Specie wth = 44 rh f.petisa | [ecm e 2" [f sr covto dra = | fost oto = [fost anaes paral teNISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES FOR CHAPTER 14 949 Mivelloncous Erereises for Chapiee 4 Tn Bxerciss 1-4, determizeif the veetr isa gradient and ijt finda faetion hai the gradient, (a i + Neale Then oo the ven vector iw radint Tf(e9)- 1 We apply Totes 1H. othe vrton Bee gt 23 Mya) = et and N tea) = Bo My lens) = Bee? aya fy = Seah iy sf 69) = Fi0) = sl) =C. Thatoe f(e.9) =e Ing + 2 Masten yey Bef welp me meg tg My mye war Hy Fen tam ny Hag) any reed ay fea) meaty tesa 440) =X fg) 0. da) ~ 6. Slash ctany ewe ye ‘3 We apply Theorem 14.1.2 to the veer; = A. feos 22 sin 238+ Hc082 Hsin yh (eos yy eos 2k coz tsiny le In Bxetives 6 ad 6, finda conservative vector field having the poesia fineton J. 5. a) Flog) = Vf = Vide'y +3298) (dey + 39h De 4900S Rae par vere 6. le) Flav) = eqn vss p uy} = (eTeogy tin Wi (—Csin 9+ e089 () Pegs) = Uf = Vet tet Ay = Met ays Saha kd In Exess 7-10, prove thatthe vector fed Pla conservative and find a potential fate 1. Plesa) = haga + SSIs commevative beowne P= Vo with o(2.9) = unm 2ey? +6. Teast aay i+ 8k Ne, Wey fen Rann fe Rieu, . iy: hen F's the guient of some scalar Geld, and thus F is conservative If 6 potential function, then glans) = May 2) = 62 Ay Integrating wih respect toa. get syns) = 82? — dey + 914.2)$80 INTRODUCTION TO TILE CALCULUS OF VECTOR PIELDS Postal-dilferatiting with eespet toy, weave Ee snd a pte fonction Stent) = 32 —day 8 Plesns2)= Hec?si+ 290} + (8? 4-2 tan 2) conmrvatie 2. Ploy) = (yee Ja Exess 1-14 find et Wan i aa Brien) mei espe ok de = Be) 4 Be Bie Pian 2+ FOF. We with of2,92 isi-beeenatnn) R-tree x-tareel i . cut F =| 9/02 0/0y 0/02 = WM + (cet 20M jae sfoy afoe and div P= D,Lsin 9) +D,00)+D,ine) = 0 Bow =fi-8 ot P= AB 2B ($s 8 Lyk aincova iy ylz sfz 1 Ei 8-2 rat ne ae at : 1B Reg) —Bri-teb RO =2Fi—t [foams [9 ua -arain= [alae TB JP -dR: Flay) ~ (2+ yi (y~ 21} C2 Rt) = 244 25 Grom the point (8,4) to the point (1.1). eee (oo ema aha See PTE pt Fesier Fao) = ree) mo Pi +t Tino be wingarmenaiewseay | puasnmesie Pigeon omen 1 Plaine) Gita ge owt Ps Ous(e ay [erenete-aacteamee [lot sae arora aye yeaaNISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES FOR CHAPTER 14951 sat ystont. [anes ean [" ints etsont nett = [ee 19. R= avis ( HNP LOStSL | Aes teystas = [fies up scene 20, [ etde—aetdy + eds C i R(t) = 4} +P, fr feos + $costt—9 sata = 0 sh f Lit-Peaeea (Part ae ydem Beta 4 [erect ty Haean) ale 4 ee fa peKe=nae-d=Ke-1) BL. Play.) = dey t (tp? —eclj+ eke RI) = 454M 0 ESL. [iran fF ou?)se oe) canara [280 a] Oath mi remienia [rane [2M rccet apap sds a 24a YP] a2 tn uring 2-0, at he lf te i intel sine of tPA compte he ae Sayre ney in tacheriC any ectiy snore om pls A ot May) = 20+ 225 = Wo with fey) = 2A. [Fouts (82) 1.0) = 92 =. a [ (b-a)ée+ (-sa2}as (01) and is (69). ler Nan ender locate M,(2ya)=N,{29) then the ie integral & iadepeadeat ofthe path, We sake a path fiom Aso B connining of two pari. Let Cy be the Ene eeginent from A(0y!) to D(0,3}, and let C, be the Hise segment ‘rom (0,3) © BG). Because z =O at every polut on C. and 0 2¢ 6. Ths, FG-de+C pe vee [fase os By nding the topes of the line integral we have [.Q-v)es(-3-s}r=04(-10)=-16 Asm by et . [igs o(- fina [0945 fone 8-e-0- Meio teny ayaa tn 30 anh Won dra) zsny ons [ean eaiea) a9 (444 as 26, | [2ey— api ia? 22 48a 21 Heys) ~Byh e+ nie [rane oc.20)-0.~ Py day se8]2%), 81248 = Fo with ese) = ey 4207 Maia$52 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FIELDS BB [sin yde-+2z-cos y dyin y de A i (000) and Bis(2.3,42). Ae tae Satya tar Saenger dp se agi ty ‘with reject to zal Give sings we ave [jssnsdetescouydysssion Hens) =(b-3}--sbeld [Paneer a0, | ieen e+ ae eet + ey ~2FK)-AR = Hy 29+ Se tn Entcne 31-24, we Greets heer oevohne the enter BM. Tacliqee 288 yf) 1 as ae HX) = De fidesanaesicesin |] [fren pte = [f ere 2 few tee i Imhere Cis the eae carve detennined by the curve y/#+ / = 2 and the inven Jenn {6 te and Me igure she te region Ry Sound bow bythe «acc and teunded atone by te paabola (A058) y— (2- VERO S24, Becase Mls) G41) and N= =F on Rte) Myo Agplying Gren theorem (1441), ne have fine Bye Syd = I prea Myso)in= [faa [o[o Mayas =—[fa-ayes ante = tae for pty = -§ Sagletlge|l iran Bycomnf=[[ joemy-cenen= (o-pmee teen |p more) -04e vn [fae varies i> The igure shows the tegen, The boundary C fun anion of € and Cy, wbare Gis the parabola y = 2" ftom (39) to (8,9) and Cs parabola y= 18>? from (39) to (0) By Theorem 14:42 the area ofthe epi cndoned by Cb Gedrnraeadgrr-yeerg 20-4] "Pon GaP 52 3 thedy =e fgedr- vee [oie de) eae] =beP & iM 13 ~ = for C, and C, is from (3.9) to (29), thea Breause fopdr—rdem [acteie—ie- his [ot inde= de sin, stig fom Gann wet eye Tee pn 2s iteMISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES POR CHAPTER 18 953 In Busreas 37-40, find the total work done in moving an abject along C ifthe motion is caused by the force ald. Length ie snented In snared fore i manera fn eto He PAS) = 2s (a + lhy— BP +4 DCT. LW dele works done we [ema |! Poe reer tae t2e+8)-(n0e ide ye G 84 16s + co? yf = IS win 0 tebe W [entre [fC isto tt sn teat in oon et [tev 38. = 2200 cmt cobtain t= ent se Rae a aueca iar [aa -20a wept ero: 6 Rem au ty eayeses8 EW oes he wrk hen we i 'F(34,12,29-dRit) = [fociee! "j4-50k) (Gi+ Bes 2a = Jose 420? + ona cote PP 8 Jnl AE ele wot doe peep =e ee aoe] BB tee a8 Bee “Tha work is approximately 922 joles tn Beeces 4 and 4, vsly Gus vergence tees and Sto horn inthe plan for Pad R- AL. Play) = 4yi + a5. C2 Rt) = cot + a. (a) fFemde= § Be desay ay = |" 18 cat fics) + so Hono “eoryt sna froma [faeran= [| oan (oy fretasnd anaessedy= [sites cadean + 2ettsitom at - [fr saat cote s = BI aatatcoe nat § [1 -com at wavavnde: [[ emiponen = ff (-apnen ae reyes ty (2) $ Ponda} —tyhde22%iy Jjaroessaren= [fj (evsven =o Oo hptafseersitern baer sseiee |] acts arian. [[osn=0 Et 8 ad wr Gr roto id hint nein ing oe in th cnt tories ts wont © ie me's ud by he ce fal ep) tng ane eno Softens Tm Goan [Beso ft san ff 20 sn AA. C i the pee 92 4 P= 0; Play) = (eS) (42 > The aten ofthe the region R enchned by the elise is zab= =(2)2) = Be. Ue M(ay)~ 2239 NGwp) = 44 EW joule isthe total work dane, then by Gren’s thorn Wd monneestni sion sents ff conf Pyae= ar sin 24(7 008 2¢— That dha a — Be. Also, by Brercine 14.4.5 with a= = fete = fe Aa hy Bro 14.25 wth apna = [4 JJ qttac= "1-8 sah dt) +48 on? 8 cs 0 (edd function of x) “The al wor 12 jue.94 INTRODUCTION 70 THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR FIELDS 45 = tt) = (9-42 The an (0.1) (44, 4) hs are f= Bye eget heer Shenae ofc in he ovis P-nde= [jf divas = [[ yee9un -o-6=58 wogiten be en cencaamalteane 16 m(4)(2) = 1288 tan" (@{z.y) = tan" ino defined othe ai) 18 Abs Com’ tren tect tesco guint acing atin (.09{899,(8) ad (288 RECS ras wales ae ea mannan ae aye es ed Bi Racahnsefeayad fie ie ieiaiea cet ieee ites de manent n nat aad ead es ema egeokepey horpner dricg meng ape gamd Siok frie nts na ca Mico) bat Nga) ne Tween Ngee {Mone eNom fds snail Saw Ceaioter er p We evalunte Jez dy where C in the seine from (2,3) 8 (233) If m is the slope of the segues then dyjéz =m anddy—m az. Thue Jocay= [PB=Beae= $ Bot. Heli = jBrhe, Aonivo§ (1) ti ngmen om (0 tw (2) Ee Jesar=4e-013+023 -Apnigio (1) 4 he eget rom (8,2) 40 (1,5) wt Jezav=4o-2K1+3)=6 Aplging (1) te the semnest fom (1,9) t0 (2.1) me Jorav=ta-meis sbom-nintn) 0) spied) tn wees to (22) 0 Oheo Taetokonno-aye1 frien fet fameh varsh caenseenss ‘The area of the quadilitel is aquave unis 48, Hag) =7=3242y. fay) =3, (eu) =2. Dangle D has side de +29 Screen ff gee on VIE? sey te = Via |? pe = [neste fat —a0f = 54. See Exesie 145.6 SL flea) =2= 9-27. flay) = 22, F (2.0): 0. ff ee [J eva ea a 8]? Pevtsets 1)! Maedy A. Be PM ey yf can? 26 = fan St. Evaluate the surface integral {Leys de, where $ is the purtion of she epider += 9 tween the pine z= land © = 4 » The surfie is shows in the figte. ecause the sure ix mummetie with epee tothe ar plane y =0, andthe integand ays ian oid fanction of ‘hen the sale of the integraMISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES FOR CHAPTER 14955 VIPAT Le sty I= sags Tie me. wea ff poner ff Me-P yet team [ VEN afer aut forsa4-g-f fee Msn Vireo = |] dnadeal/ a ff | Pepe Eifek (fjesne-t 2-007 =a 8 feness VEST Lhe = 7ebagy hie)” ete = Yate Bip t lens Vian. 1 an anna of ra 1 and hy. 3) > (10— =) AU HE new ae me ff (a0-aae= [fio Vet eveda [7 [Sa0-ne ae vaiP let J] = ion ‘6, So thyt pt of te apbere 2° +y2+ 2? = 9 that i above 1D in the ay plane cnclod by the cle 2p = Lf the velocity Bei of «Muldis given by Ps fej ak, find the fx of F aeoss 88. plans) =H See 2 Riys)=3 sphere fer we obtain hde= Feaiay ee)" aoe Xm ies unit upper normal vetor ofS, the fax of F across Sis given ly [J gona [f gow nomen fg peta al Because the area of the region Dis 7? =, then the flux of P acoss Sis 3 cubic units per unit of time. SR. Plays) = 2+ tag + tok. fl ay. f less) = Be, flava) = By. Die ata yhed tune ff pomdo [f emnyean e(-apinan eas atan= [fer + = IP [Re eine aede = [ af} andr of ets orf = 2-28 = 96 88. Fleygie) =e, Sex? tye et ad. fponde=O beam caver, hot wih oot tozy ae fff nde [ff oar =e Pigs han i tins gt [48 NAEP [ne = [ll areet= Jf] ser =s0e adaty of the region encod by Ke figure. By Gaus divergence theorem * Wfpmere |ffoneers [fperrareane ‘eae the region is symmotic wth respect to the planes £~0 and y = tn the thd, eit € the integrals of the frat two tern ae 0. indie condiantes with A = rdr dB$56 INTRODUCTION TO THE CALCULUS OF VECTOR #1 bs 1s Exercises 61 and 62, verify Stoke's tnarem for Pand S. 61. COR(t) = Sees a3ain G0 Se F [2 0+ (12x63 oe ist [Poraae} neyo san [fjo-navenes= [fesse tangogtem severe oseracaen [fo oi=-|[f cinserenarat odie ren oH soehace tae med atia ppha me hale frte[ fon [ees a tas Jf, a ea. Ako a6 jaa) Hit Ia? + 1K (on 22+ (89? FAY -N do becaue i odd, Ci +9? =1 nthe ay ple » eutl aine aya ty de: Applying Stole's theorem, we have frase [f earnds [f sone Heras Sie any secionaly seoth suface whawe houndary i Cee may take S to be that portion ofthe xy pilose enclosed by the given cede C. Becaise m i 2 uit uppez uenal vector of S then n= kand tom = 1. We conestde that In Exexises 65 and 66, pave the ideatity ff a rel-valnd faretion and wis a wetor-value function. + kee phi geek, VU) = Dalfo)+ Dla) +DAFe)= foot Trg Sy Mgt Seti BUpt latins liga ar) EN es feo 6 CH= Ua frit fat fre te] oso] oyajo , aed [on-farm -|fn— Burp 20 Bu Ug S ali Ler — F-013+ Vea—Fpik+ [fr — faghi— Ur, — Feit Ve,— Srl fad : a + feat Where sioew) par