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PJMS 029 132 PDF
PJMS 029 132 PDF
Original Article
Table-I: Characteristics of the patients Patients with spontaneous SCH were referred to
with subconjunctival hemorrhage. general physicians to investigate existing systemic
Variables Spontaneous Traumatic Total P-Value diseases and data from their clinical records were
SCH SCH noted.
No. of cases 16 34 50 Location of SCH: The anterior segment was
Frequency 0.32 0.68 1 examined with a slit lamp. Detailed drawings were
Age 0.174 used to record the results of slit lamp examination.
Mean 50.37 19.76 29.56 The conjunctiva was divided into 4 equal areas
SD 20.00 20.8 24.5 as follows; superior(S), nasal(N), inferior(I),
Median 55 12 24 temporal(T). The location of the SCH was noted for
Range 4-88 2 months-75 each patient. If the SCH extended more than one
Gender 0.009 area, each area was noted separately.
Male 5 24 29 Statistical Analysis: The unpaired Students test
Female 11 10 21 was used to compare mean values. For comparisons
Eye involvement 1.00 between the two groups, we applied the Chi2
Right eye 8 17 25 test of independence test. A p value of 0.05 was
Left eye 8 17 25 considered significant.
Entire conjunctiva NA
RESULTS
Inferior 8 10 18
Nasal 9 12 21 Fifty eyes of 50 patients with SCH were evaluated.
Superior 4 4 8 They consisted 21 (42%) women and 29 (58%) men.
Temporal 9 23 32 Mean age was 29.56 (24.92) with an age range
Total 30 49 79 0.16-88 years. Table-I shows the characteristics of
patients.
eye and blepharitis were excluded. Subconjunctival
Of the 50 patients with SCH, 34 (68%) had
hemorrhages associated with globe rupture were
traumatic and 16 (32%) had spontaneous SCH. The
also excluded.
majority of the spontaneous SCH group was female
Verbal informed consent was obtained from all
(68.8%) whereas it was male in traumatic group
study patients. Each patients age, gender, medical
(70.6%). Men were more likely to have traumatic
history and ocular history were assessed at the initial
SCH (p=0.009). Forty-seven (94%) of patients
visit. The diagnosis of SCH was based on inspection
with SCH were first episode and three (6%) were
and slitlamp examination. The medical history
recurrence.
included the presence of systemic diseases, such as
Among the 16 patients with spontaneous SCH,
diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular abnormality
hypertension was the common associated condi-
or any bleeding disorder, medications (e.g., aspirin,
tion in four (25%) patients. (Table-II) These patients
coumadin), eye rubbing, sneezing, heavy lifting,
were using antihypertensive drugs. (Table-III) Pa-
trauma and Valsalva. Clinical examination has
tients with traumatic SCH were younger than pa-
included complete ocular examination including
tients with spontaneous SCH. Nature of trauma
inspection, slitlamp examination and funduscopy.
was blunt. Associated ocular findings were; perior-
Patients with SCH were classified in two groups;
bital ecchymosis in four patients, periorbital edema
traumatic and spontaneous. Traumatic SCH was
in three patients, intracameral hemorrhage in one
defined as SCH resulting from trauma. Spontaneous
patient and laceration on upper eye lid in one pa-
SCH was defined as any SCH not related to trauma.
tient. The mean ages for traumatic and spontaneous
Table-II: Associated condition in spontaneous SCH respectively were; 19.76 and 50.37.
subconjunctival hemorrhage.
Table-III: Antihypertensive drugs used
Associated condition No. of patients (%) by hypertensive patients
in spontaneous SCH
Patients Drugs
Not apparent 8 (50)
1 Olmesartan (Angiotensin II receptor blocker)
History of hypertension 4 (25)
Sneezing 3 (18.75) 2 Olmesartan
Vomiting 1 (6.25) 3 Amlodipine (Calcium channel blocker)
Total 16 (100) 4 Metoprolol (Selective beta 1 receptor blocker)