Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MHMD Majdan
MHMD Majdan
)*(
.
.
.
.
.
.
) .(
.
.
.
.
... .
medjden.mohammed@outlook.fr )*( :
) ( ) / <http://www. (
aljazeera.net/knowledgegate/opinions/2004/10/3/%d9%87%d9%84-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3%
d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b8%d9%85%d9%89>.
:
.
:
.
:
.
.
-
) ( -
) ( ).(
:
.
.
Patricia Foucart et Bruno Ruffin, La Russie en recomposition, Zoom go (Paris: Ellipse Marketing, )(
2004), p. 38.
.
.
.
.
.
... .
).(
)(
-
.
) .(
:
) .(
) ( - ) :
( .
) ( ) /
( . -
) ( ) (
) / <http://al-nnas.com/ (
article/ndulemi/1k.htm>.
) (
) - :
( .
. ) .(
).(
)(
- )( -
.
:
.
).(
.
.
) .(
) ( : ) /
( . :
) : .(
) ( )(
) / ( .
) (
- .
) ( .
) ( )(
)/ -/ ( .
) (
).(
.
.
: )( -
.
) .(
-
.
.
.
.
) ( : ):
( .
) ( : ) :
( .
)Anne de Tinguy, Vlademir Poutine et loccident: LHeure est au pragmatisme, Politique trangre, (
no. 31 (mars 2001), pp. 514 and 533.
.
.
.
.
).(
.
.
.
.
.
).(
) ( ) : -(
.
)Michael MacFaul, What are Russian Foreign Policy Objectives: Testimony before the House (
)Commitee on International Relations, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Washington
(1 May 1999), <http://carnegieendowment.org/1999/05/01/what-are-russian-foreign-policy-objec
tives/157f>.
) .(
.
.
.
:
-
. .
.
) (
.
.
-
:
) ( ..
)( ).(
)Isabelle Facon, La Politique extrieure de la Russie de Poutine, Fondation pour la Recherche (
Strategique (2000), <http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/IMG/pdf/FD001305.pdf>.
.
.
) .(
.
.
.
) .(
.
-
.
. .
).(
)(
.
.
Jean Radvanyi, Les tats postsovitiques: Identits en construction, transformations politiques, )(
trajectoires conomiques, U (Paris: Armand Colin, 2004), p. 107.
) ( : - .
)(
Jean Touscos, Atlas Geostrategique: Crises, Tensions and Convergences (Paris: Larouse, 1998),
p. 40.
-
).(
)(
-
.
.
) ( .
) .(
:
:
.
.
) :(
.
.
.
.
) (
- . -
) ( :
) ( .
) ( :
) : ( .
) ( : ) /
.(
) .(
).(
-
) (
.
.
-
) (
.
) .(
() .
.
) .(
.
. :
Hossein K. Ardebili, The Caspian Sea: Its Resources, its Legal Status and its Future, OPEC )(
Bulletin, vol. 28, no. 3 (March 1997), p. 10.
Kambiz Manafi, Refining Oil Balances and Trade in the Black Sea, Tran Caucasian and Central )(
Asia Republiques, OPEC Bulletin, vol. 24, no. 8 (September 1993), p. 9.
Ardebli, Ibid., p. 10. )(
) (
- .
) ( : .
) ( :
) : ( . -
.
.
) .(
.
.
-
.
) :(
) .(
) .(
) .(
) (
: : )( ) : (
.
) ( : .
) ( :
) / ( .
) ( )(
<http://www.siironline.org/alabwab/derasat(01)/329.htm>.
R. Craig Nation and Dmitri Trenin, Russian Security Strategy under Putin: US and Russian )(
Perspectives, Strategic Studies Institute (November 2007), pp. 25-26.
.
.
-
.
.
/
. /
.
).(
:
.
) ( )(
> <http://www.siironline.org/alabwab/maqalat&mohaderat(12)/1280.htm
.. ) / <http://www. (
aljazeera.net/knowledgegate/opinions/2007/11/15/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7-%
d8%a8%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84
%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d9%85-%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%85%d8%a7% d9%
86%d8%b9%d8%a9>.
) .(
).(
: -
).(
- -
. :
.
: .
.
.
Stephen J. Blank, Towards a New Russias Policy, Strategic Studies Institute (February 2008), )(
pp. 58-59, <http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub833.pdf>.
Nation and Trenin, Russian Security Strategy under Putin: US and Russian Perspectives. )(
) ( .. .
) .(
.
. .
).(
/
. :
.
/
.
.
/
. /
. / .
) .(
.
.
.
) ( - .
)(
Larent Zecchini, Creation dun Conseil Otan Russie, Le Monde, no. 110 (28 Mai 2002), p. 14.
) ( -
) ( .
).(
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-
:
.
) .(
).(
) ( . : ):
.(
) (
() .
) ( : .
) .(
.
.
.
:
. ) (
).(
.
.
) .(
.
:
.
.
.
) ( :
) / ( .
) ( ... ) /
<http://www.aljazeera.net/knowledgegate/opinions/2004/10/3/%d9%85%d9%86% (
d8%aa%d8%af%d9%89-%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%ba%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%8a-%d9%87%d9%84-
% d 9 % 8 a % d 8 % a a % d 8 % a d % d 9 % 8 8 % d 9 % 8 4 - % d 8 % a 5 % d 9 % 8 4 % d 9 % 8 9 - % d 9 % 8 2 % d 8 % b 7 % d8 %
a8-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af>.
Alexander A. Sergunin, Russian Post-Communist Thinking at the Cross-Roads: Changing )(
Paradigms, Journal of International Relations and Development, vol. 3, no. 3 (September 2000).
) ( . -
.
. - -
-
.
) .(
.
:
-
.
.
. /
) .(
.
) ( ) /
( Alain Faujas, Catastrophe Demographique, (20 mars 2001), <http://
www.groupja.com>.
) ( :
) : (
) / ( .
)(
-
.
.
:
.
.
-
.
):(
)( )(
)( .
.
. .
.
R. Craig Nation, Russia, the USA and the Caucasus, Strategic Studies Institute (2007), p. 28. )(
) ( - :
) / ( .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
) (
. .
.
- - -
.
.
.
.