Refractaries

Stretcher courses expose fewer joints than do headers. This is an advantage in

any service where the joints tend to wear back more rapidly than the body of
the brick. The number of horizontal joints con be reduced by the use of brick 3
in. rather than 2 in. thick.

Strength and stability are imparted to a wall by bonding or tying in the brick
through the use of various combinations of header and stretcher courses and
by offsetting or breaking the vertical joints. The arrangement of headers and
stretchers

- Fig. 25-30. Wall 9 in. thick, alternate header and stretcher courses
- Fig. 25-31. Wall 13 in. thick, alternate header and stretcher courses
- Fig. 25-32. Wall 18 in. thick, alternate header and stretcher courses.

Used in building a wall is called the bond of the brickwork. Among the types
of bond employed are the following:

1. All brick stretches. This arrangement has little structural stability and is
applicable only to thin walls. Its chief use is in small furnaces.
2. Headers and stretches alternating. This is probably the most common
arrangement. Alternate header and stretches construction for walls
built with standard 9-in. brick is illustrated by fig. 25-30, 25-30 and 25-
30. Large 9 in. brick (9 x 6 x 2 in. or 9 x 6 x 3 in.) are used for
breaking joints, for starting ends of walls and for turning corners
3. This arrangement is often used in 9-in. and 13 -in. walls subjected to
high temperatures and heavy loads and to slag attack and is usually
preferred for walls built of magnesite, chrome, or forsterite brick. Walls
with this bond have the advantage of stability and the disadvantage that
most of the expansion joints pass entirely through the wall.