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    nilai normal

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    nilai normal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    4 views6 pages

    Binder 3

    Uploaded by

    Anisa Rahmadini D
    nilai normal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 6
    8 NORMAL VALUES Chapter Sampling, we considered the etalishment of oma ‘alae fora lege population and done some eles of ts “alos, net rowing the sample, pesing Set ex age eye fk pros In the gop, detain ofthe ora ang Eedsumple ae Tn ts capt se of tha and ral ates Ss duobeed fs ove deta Developing Normal Ranges When I st direst » cna Inbortory ard phosicans would sak hat your mal vl for ena XPT wold Top, fight “The same as everyone eben of corse” T have sce Irae tat this answer was spprosimately 100 percent wrong. Un feratly sony labore 2 eg coral anges Calle tom the iterture,ebvous toll the Silreces all the vara betveen ther values and those of eter laboratories. Frequniy these anges are not altered when new metods tre aopted eventhough these maybe vey ifn een ht eoey borat, develop {tron nomol volves for coey teat oman wae. Fr oa es anges ms st taken fom the erature, but with great ere to ‘ety them a sich and toe the same matiod a the on plished Effect of Methods “The precision ofthe method used Ie « measurable ict om the ‘apron sormal range I we assue that there sre 2 variables ‘sured population range, namely, the meted of measurement an {the population, wr ean vile the ANOVA forme 4 (avasurl) = (method) + # (population) We ca se this af tol for dtemining the contrhation of each factor Suppose that for plasma gluote mstamed ofthe population isl mg, £1510 mg, and te Known ofthe method is 5 mg Subst ‘ering nthe formal, 5 STATISTICS IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY 121 = 35 +» population ‘thon # (population) = 98 and {population} = 90, “The toe population range, expressed at # (108) = 2 (1040) i den S8i tr SB img Our scarred range war # (100) =2s (240) oF {ito 128 mg, ‘The impeecison ofthe mahod widened our mcasred Spread from 9.2 mg, to #4 mg, or by factor of $4/982 ~ 182 or by ‘Rpt Suppor we ingrowth borane 2g {dead of mg. Astoming the tive population range esl 54 106, what wold our new messited range be? We again subst a (he fora (esr) (method) + # (population) nd « (measured) = / 10 = 10 (Our snearured range of (108) = 2 (30) becomes 86 to 128, This is ding spread a amar ng eae pnd of Migs Serf 744 pret of he onal peal, Ue the cn tions rest efor to prove the method his not yleldedcorespond. {ngy gent returns in dontfyingshooneal vies, For coasting example tw consider serum atu, 1 (meacuted) = 5 mg/100 ml 2,5 (method) = Subsitting, (05) = 04 + + (poplation), then # (population) = 03. ‘The apparent range a measured it # (02) = 2+ (1.0) or 82 102 Ba te ge wae (63) 32 (0) oc 88 0 98 apa tae spread of 20/12: 167 poco ofthe tev spread because Sd Se lve ol eve wr md an 0 Ste cold mamow the mancred range very sgudcanly as follows, ‘Suing the population range seats sr faut, ‘Then # (measured) = 097 + 05° = 06+ 0-15 tod + (mesered) = 26 ‘Thea the range of (92) = 22 (72) boomer 85 to 9.9 mg. oF Lng amp ot vos 29a he tae 12 mg. This hs sls tens js deserbe ic portrayed in Figure’ "Udo at tf fe conde the abject etal, compa nga ge Sate om nora pr ie ined by de ind” (pate popwlaton) metho, Eoding ‘hem substadily diferent or mow foam onrtters Ufrtunatly {hr doen sl the quston: Should we erate values cel pins th se cnt os ral mou sf Would our dagrore and treatments be bt, Fi we Rice cause hart Thee se medial, logis and. ali Ther than ate ucts, and hey canot be answered by Fats methods ph brn repre 2 tw cop tm eo ‘alls young people a2 ‘tonpt wo toca lel ae ages bt at hs omen I eves Hen ‘Premature apd fate do best by ung as the sppropeate sample Deer proup rom which we stascaly lina ors. ese of the sample nee was dace Sn Chapter 6,1 we work with cael choca groupe a sample see af 40 trsbaly ado. Mune Dutt ng s sytad beted on consecutive hoxpal pate, esan 4} secmmmends 00 asthe standard sere, Tas allows for tflectve sepuation ofthe “vals frm the “healthy” ones, NORMAL VALUES 6s One rarely discussed aspect of nonmal rnges i the ne for pe Hoi reviewing thom Catiny when mst are changed, pst Sty honk rinse wd cn once {ha ranges Even if methods renain apace the suse te pote far mew posouacl, standards or regents to alter the rer. Less hv, weve he aia hang he plone the us. We cept the fet that im ach genet Anica ge {aller and heat, so that our normal vale forsee have been sng ‘onstaly. Howeve, there are only fo sts of nia ora ‘alos scien sell to compare deine groupe at iternt a ‘One ofthese {3}, apparently ated on good evidence, icates that 2thour thyroidal rine uptak fl frm 286 percent in 1659 to 154 percent in 167-88 inthe same population of eliyoid patents “This ea vary sgicant change Caleulating Normal Values ‘The simplest method to calculate normal vals, sing «slot, apparently sonal population ia fellows 1, Calculate and «by the formals Zot values 2 From this dataset ange off ~ Sto +9 |B Eliminate from the ongial ata ny values which ane outside thous lis 4. Recalulate and «from the remaining values. 5 The accel orl range en 3, wig the asin step 4 This codes 0345 percent of valtes al exces the st 2.27 percent andthe lowest 2.27 percent ithe vals te lstbuted sh normal ition curve Use of Normal Probability Paper 1 unselected values from a horpital populition are vied > sgh minal pe Fey rte rl om 5k” components. i ean be done by plotting vals on graph paper sed superimposing s noting dstebtten cate Fig. £3], by loting on normal probably paper, which transfor he norma Ser ito a stralght line To ether cae we Best grap he date

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