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Steam Cycle1 PDF
Steam Cycle1 PDF
For the steam cycle below, calculate the total electrical efficiency. The following is
given:
m =120 kg/s
p =110 bar
t = 525 deg C
Turbine G
Boiler
m = 19 kg/s
p = 20 bar
p = 0.8 bar
p = 6.0 bar
p = 1.5 bar
h = 480 kJ/kg
h= 390 kJ/kg
h= 640 kJ/kg
Hint 1 (-2p): The total electrical efficiency is defined as the power output divided
with the thermal power obtained from the boiler. Start calculate the power output
from the steam turbine
Hint 2 (-5p): In order to find the steam turbine power output, you have to calculate
the enthalpies and mass flows from the steam extractions. The enthalpies can all be
found in an h-s diagram on the expansion line drawn from turbine from inlet to the
outlet to the condenser.
110 bar
525 deg C h1
20 bar
a 6 bar
b 1,5 bar
c 0,8 bar
h2
h2s
Hint 3 (-3p): The steam extraction mass flows can be found via heat balances on the
feed water preheaters. Heat balance on the high pressure preheater gives data to
calculate the boiler power.
SOLUTION
Start calculating the power output from the turbine.
First we draw the expansion line, from the inlet conditions (1) to the condenser
pressure. The enthalpy h2 can be found, as we know the isentropic efficiency of the
turbine, as follows:
110 bar
525 deg C h1
20 bar
a 6 bar
b 1,5 bar
c 0,8 bar
h2
h2s
Enthalpies at extractions can be read on the expansion line at the given pressures on
an enthalpy entropy diagram.
ha = 3115 kJ/kg
hb = 2920 kJ/kg
hc = 2720 kJ/kg
The water enthalpy into the boiler is found through a heat balance over the high
pressure preheater, and then we calculate the power in the boiler Pboiler:
The flows mb and mc are given through heat balances over the feed water tank and
over the low pressure feed water preheater:
Pel = [120 * (3427 3115) + 101 * (3115 2920) + 96.4(2929 2720) + 92.58 * (2720 2634.2)]
* 0.96 * 0.95 76.9 MW
Pel 76.9
tot = = 0.24
Q& fuel 317.8