Level: Beginner

Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level: 7.0

Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease: 63.8
Drawspace Curriculum 6.2.A9 - 8 Pages and 18 Illustrations

The PENGUIN Formally

Known as TUX
Use hatching graduations to create the three-
dimensional forms of an adorable penguin

Resource: Module 3.1 Introduction to Shading

Supplies: paper, pencils (2H, HB, 2B, 4B, and 6B),

ruler, sandpaper block, sharpener, erasers Tip!

Setting up accurate proportions is the foundation

This tutorial has three sections: of drawing. If your subjects proportions are
Put Proportions on Paper wrong, neither perfect shading or fancy pencil
marks can save your drawing.
Turn a Sketch into a Contour Drawing
Add Shading and Texture
Figure 1

Put Proportions on Paper

The size of your drawing space determines the size
of your penguin. The penguin in this lesson is drawn
inside a 4 by 6 in (10.2 by 15.2 cm) drawing space with
2 in (5.1 cm) squares. If you prefer a larger drawing,
6 by 9 in (15.2 by 22.9 cm) with 3 in (7.6 cm) squares
works equally well.

1. Use a ruler to outline a vertical, rectangular

drawing space and divide it into six squares.

2. Lightly sketch an oval slightly toward the left of

your drawing space (Figure 1).
This oval represents the penguins body. Make sure
you leave room to add the head, tail, and feet.

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
2 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux

When using a grid, sketch the contents of Figure 2

only one square at a time.

3. Draw an upside-down U-shape as the

head on top of his body (Figure 2).

4. Sketch the feet and add a curved line in

the lower right to mark the location of
his tail feathers.
Note that the foot on the right appears to
be much larger than the other. This foot
overlaps the other and therefore needs to
be drawn larger than the one behind it.

5. Refine the shape of the head by making

it smaller, rounder on the upper right,
and less round on the left, bottom, and
lower right (Figures 3 and 4).
Figure 3 shows the upper two grid squares.
Keep in mind that the penguins face is
turned slightly toward the left.

6. Sketch a curved line on the left to mark

the upper chest/breast (Figure 4).
Figure 3
7. Use curved lines to sketch
the shape of the bill/beak.

8. Add a curved line on the right

as the back of his neck and
body.

Figure 4

9. Erase the tiny section of the outline of his

head that was inside the shape of the beak.
Constantly double-check the proportions of your
sketch by visually measuring the shapes of the
positive and negative spaces.

10. Indicate the opening of his beak with another

slightly curved line (Figure 5).

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux 3

11. Add two circular Figure 5

shapes to mark
Tip! the placement of
his eyes.
Penguin bills come in
various shapes and sizes,
depending on the type
12. Sketch a curved
of penguin. Feel free to line on the right
make the beak larger, side of the
smaller, thicker, or thinner! head to map
a section of
lighter feathers
(Figure 6).
Figure 6
Tip! 13. Give the penguin
a smaller belly
If you draw lines in the by modifying the
wrong grid square, simply lower-left section
erase and redraw the of his tummy
lines correctly.
(Figure 7).

Figure 7

Note that the chest stays the same size

to give him a proud posture and a more
sophisticated appearance.

14. Sketch the outline of the lower

section of his body.

15. Modify the feet so the bottoms

are flat rather than rounded.

16. Use a curved line to redraw the

upper section of his chest.

17. Sketch the outlines of the

shoulder and the upper section of
the wing.

18. Redraw the tail section slightly

smaller than in the original
sketch (Figure 8).

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
4 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux

Figure 8 19. Sketch the outlines of both

wings/flippers.

20. Erase the grid lines and check

your drawing carefully.

21. Make any changes to the

proportions until you are
totally happy with your
drawing.

22. Lighten your sketch lines with

your kneaded eraser until you
can barely see them.

Caution!

Dont press too hard with your pencils

when neatly outlining the penguin! No
matter how careful you are, accidents can
still happen and you may need to erase
some lines.

Turn a Sketch into a

Contour Drawing
Figure 9
23. Redraw the penguins head,
neck, shoulders, and facial
features with a sharp pencil
(Figure 9).
Note the double lines around
each eye. In addition, the eye
on the left is slightly smaller than
the one on the right. This eye
is farther away from the viewer
because of the angle of the head.

24. Redraw the penguins body

slowly and carefully, using a
sharp pencil (Figure 10).

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux 5

Note the double lines on the fronts of the Figure 10

wings, which indicate their thickness.

25. Draw the raggedy-looking feathers of

the tail and upper legs.

26. Outline his feet, toes, and heels.

Add Shading and Texture

The hatching lines used to draw feathers
are ragged and uneven, with mostly short
lines of different lengths and thicknesses.
Before you begin shading Tux, practice
your hatching skills. Remember to use
different grades of pencils from 2H to
6B and vary the:
density of the lines.
pressure used on your pencils.

27. Hatch a light, medium, and dark

raggedy-textured graduation of
values (Figure 11).
Shade these graduation from light at the top to
dark at the bottom. Choose different grades of
pencils based on the range of values needed
for each section.

Figure 11

Figure 12

28. Hatch another three graduations in

reverse with the darker values at the
top and the lighter values at the bottom
(Figure 12).

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
6 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux

Remember, light affects the placement Figure 13

and value of every section of shading.
Keep in mind that a full range of values
gives contrast between the light areas and
shadow areas.
The light source originates from the upper
left in this drawing, so the shading will be
a little darker on the lower right.

29. Add dark shading graduations to

his face and the top of his head
(Figure 13).
Closely examine the directions in
which the hatching lines curve.
Figure 14

30. Use medium shading graduations to draw the

feathers on his cheek.

31. Add smooth, medium shading to the beak.

32. Add light shading to the chest and tummy,

beginning under the chin (Figure 14).

33. Add dark shading in the shadow areas of the

beak using a 2B (Figure 15).

34. Fill in the pupil of the eye using a 6B pencil.

35. Use medium values for the irises and the

circular rims around each eye.

Figure 15

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux 7

Figure 16 36. Add shading to the left section

of Tuxs tux using dark to
medium graduations.
Note that the darkest section is
close to his body under the upper
section of his wing (Figure 16).

37. Add medium graduated values

to the lighter sections of his
wing on the right.
Take your time and carefully note
the different directions in which the
hatching lines curve.
Curved lines help create the
illusion of three dimensional forms.

38. Add medium shading to his

legs, feet, and tail.

39. Use straight lines to shade the

cast shadow on the surface
below the penguin.

40. Add dark shading to his feet,

legs, tail, and toes (Figures 17
and 18).

Figure 17

41. Add talons to the ends of

his toes.

42. Use a combination

of hatching and
crosshatching to add
darker sections to the cast
shadow on the surface
below Tux.

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.
8 6.2.A9: The Penguin Formally Known as Tux

43. Add darker Figure 18

values to
the wing
on the right
and to his
tail.

44. Compare
your
drawing
to Figure
18 and
make any
changes
necessary.

Sign your name

and date the
back of your
drawing.

ISBN: 978-1-77193-087-1
Copyright 2017 Drawspace Publishing and Brenda Hoddinott. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transferred, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, digital,
mechanical, recording, photographing, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Brenda Hoddinott and Drawspace Publishing.