KT02

I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA
KHOA C KH
B MN THIT K MY
N MN HC CHI TIT MY
TI: S 2
THIT K H THNG DN NG
XCH TI
PHNG N 12
SVTH: qerty
MSSV: 123456
GVHD:
NHM:
TP H CH MINH THNG 6/2016

I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA
KHOA C KH
B MN THIT K MY
N MN HC CHI TIT MY
TI: S 11
THIT K H THNG DN NG
XCH TI
PHNG N 6
MC LC
MC LC..................................................................................................................... 3
LI NI U............................................................................................................... 6
TI.......................................................................................................................... 7
CHNG 1 CHN NG C IN PHN PHI T S TRUYN.....................8
1.1. Chn ng c...................................................................................................8
1.1.1. Hiu sut chung cho ton b h thng........................................................8
1.1.2. Cng sut cn thit cho b truyn...............................................................8
1.1.3. Tnh s vng quay s b ca ng c........................................................8
1.1.4. Chn ng c.............................................................................................9
1.2. Phn phi t s truyn......................................................................................9
1.3. c tnh k thut ca b truyn ng...............................................................9
1.3.1. Tnh cng sut trn cc trc........................................................................9
1.3.2. Tnh s vng quay trn cc trc..................................................................9
1.3.3. Tnh m-men xon trn cc trc.................................................................9
1.3.4. Bng c tnh k thut..............................................................................10
CHNG 2 THIT K CC B TRUYN.............................................................11
2.1. THIT K B TRUYN AI THANG........................................................11
2.1.1. Chn loi ai............................................................................................11
2.1.2. Xc nh cc thng s ca b truyn........................................................11
2.1.3. Xc nh s ai:........................................................................................12
2.1.4. Xc nh lc cng ban u v lc tc dng ln trc..................................13
2.2. THIT K B TRUYN BNH RNG......................................................14
2.2.1. Thng s ban u.....................................................................................14
2.2.2. Chn vt liu............................................................................................14
2.2.3. Xc nh ng sut cho php......................................................................14
2.2.4. Tnh ton cp nhanh: B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing....................16
2.2.5. Tnh ton cp chm: B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing.....................19
2.2.6. Bng thng s v kch thc b truyn....................................................23
2.2.7. Kim tra iu kin bi trn ngm du ca b truyn................................23
CHNG 3 THIT K TRC THEN - LN NI TRC...............................25
3.1. TNH TON THIT K TRC V THEN..................................................25
3.1.1. Chn vt liu v xc nh s b ng knh trc.....................................25
3.1.2. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc............................25
3.1.3. Xc nh cc lc tc dng ln trc............................................................26
3.1.4. S trc, chi tit quay v lc t cc chi tit quay tc dng ln trc.......27
3.1.5. Tnh phn lc tc dng ca cc gi .....................................................30
3.1.6. Biu momen un Mx v My..................................................................30
3.1.7. Xc nh momen un tng v momen tng ng Mt..........................31
3.1.8. Chn kch thc v tnh kim nghim then..............................................31
3.1.9. Tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi......................................................32
3.2. TNH CHN LN.....................................................................................34
3.2.1. Truc I........................................................................................................34
3.2.2. Trc II.......................................................................................................35
3.2.3. Trc III.....................................................................................................37
3.2.4. Bng chn ln cho cc trc....................................................................39
3.3. TNH TON NI TRC...............................................................................39
CHNG 4 TNH CHN V HP V CC CHI TIT PH.................................41
4.1. TNH CHN V HP...................................................................................41
4.2. CC CHI TIT PH.....................................................................................42
4.2.1. Cht nh v..............................................................................................42
4.2.2. Np ca thm............................................................................................42
4.2.3. Nt thng hi............................................................................................43
4.2.4. Nt tho du.............................................................................................43
4.2.5. Que thm du...........................................................................................44
4.2.6. Vt vng....................................................................................................44
4.2.7. nh v trn trc....................................................................................44
4.2.8. Np ........................................................................................................44
4.2.9. Lt kn b phn ......................................................................................45
4.2.10. Vng chn du..........................................................................................45
CHNG 5 DUNG SAI V LP GHP.................................................................46
5.1. CHN KIU LP GHP..............................................................................46
5.1.1. Dung sai ln...........................................................................................46
5.1.2. Lp ghp bnh rng trn trc....................................................................46
5.1.3. Lp ghp then...........................................................................................46
5.1.4. Lp ghp vng chn du ln trc..............................................................46
5.1.5. Lp ghp np v thn hp......................................................................46
5.1.6. Lp cht nh v........................................................................................46
5.2. BNG DUNG SAI V LP GHP...............................................................47
5.2.1. Bng dung sai lp ghp then.....................................................................47
5.2.2. Bng dung sai lp ghp ca cc chi tit khc............................................47
TI LIU THAM KHO...........................................................................................49
LI NI U
H thng truyn ng l mt phn quan trng trng cc my cng tc, n gip cc my

cng tc hot ng n nh v ng vi yu cu. V vy vic thit k h thng truyn
ng l vic rt cn thit. Hiu bit, nm vng v vn dng l thuyt vo vic thit k
h thng truyn ng l yu cu cn phi c ca mt k s c kh.
n mn mn hc Chi tit my gip ta tm hiu v thit k cc b truyn c bn

trong h thng dn ng. Qua ta c th cng c li kin thc hc trong cc mn
Nguyn l my, Chi tit my, Dung sai v k thut o v V k thut...
Ni dung ch yu ca n l tnh ton thit k hp gim tc, mt b phn quan trng

trong h thng truyn ng. Ni dung gm hai phn: Tnh ton, thit k cc b truyn
ngoi v trong hp nh: b truyn ai, b truyn xch, b truyn bnh rng, b truyn
trc vt bnh vt, v tnh ton kch thc v hp. Ngoi ra n cn gip ta c ci
nhn tng quan hn v vic thit k c kh. Thm vo trong qua trnh thc hin ta
cn c th b sung, hon thin k nng thc hin bn v k thut.
Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c v cc bn trong khoa c kh gip em

trong qu trnh thc hin n ny.
Rt mong nhn c kin ca cc thy c v cc bn.
Sinh vin thc hin
qerty
6
n mn hc Chi Tit My GVHD:
TI:
S 2 S LIU 12
THIT K H THNG DN NG XCH TI
- H thng dn ng xch ti gm:

1- ng c in 3 pha khng ng b;
2- B truyn ai thang;
3- Hp gim tc bnh rng tr hai cp khai trin;
4- Khp ni n hi:
5- Xch ti. ( Quay mt chiu, ti va p nh, 1 ca lm vic 8 gi ).
- S liu thit k:
Lc vng trn xch ti, F(N): 7000
Vn tc xch ti, v(m/s): 1,2
S rng a xch dn z, rng: 9
Bc xch p, mm: 110
Thi gian phc v, L(nm): 5
K ng
S ngy lm/nm , ngy: 270
S ca lm trong ngy, ca: 2
Ch ti:
T1 = T T2 = 0,8T T3 = 0,4T
t1 = 45s t2 = 13s t3 = 31s

7
SVTH: qerty MSSV: 123456
CHNG 1 CHN NG C IN PHN PHI T S

TRUYN
1.1. CHN NG C
1.1.1. Hiu sut chung cho ton b h thng
- Hiu sut truyn ng:

c b2rn . x .ol4 .k 0,962.0.95.0,99 4.1 0,83
-
Theo bng 2.3 [1], ta chn hiu sut ca cc b truyn nh sau:
k 1
Hiu sut ca ni trc: .
brn 0,96
Hiu sut b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing: .
d 0,95
n ai:
Hiu sut b truy
ol 0,99
ln: .
Hiu sut mi cp
1.1.2. Cng sut cn thit cho b truyn
Fv 7000.1, 2
Pmax 8, 4 kW
1000 1000
- Cng sut trn xch ti: (kW).
- V ti trong thay i theo bc nn ta c th xc nh cng sut ng tr trn trc
xch ti nh sau:
n
Ti
(T
i 1
) 2 .ti
12.45 0,82.13 0, 42.31
Pt Pdt Pmax max
8, 4. 6,8
n
45 13 31
t
i 1
i
(kW)
Pdt 6,8
Pct 8,16(kW )
c 0,83
- Cng sut cn thit:
1.1.3. Tnh s vng quay s b ca ng c
8
60000.1, 2
nct 72, 7
9.110
- S vng quay ca trc cng tc: (vng/pht)
uch uh .ud 8.2,5 20
- T s truyn chung ca ton h thng:
uh = 8 : t s truyn ca hp gim tc.
ud = 2,5 : t s truyn ca b truyn ai.
nsb nct .u ch 72, 7.20 1454,5
- S vng quay s b ca ng c: (vng/pht)
1.1.4. Chn ng c
Pdc Pct 8,16( kW )

ndc nsb 1454,5
- ng c in phi tha mn:
- Chn ng c in ca Cng ty ch to my in Vit Nam Hung-ga-ri:
Pdc 11(kW )

ndc 1435
Chn ng c:3K160S4
1.2. PHN PHI T S TRUYN
ndc 1435
uch 19, 73
nct 72.7
- T s truyn chung ca ton h dn ng:
- Theo bng 3.1[1] vi: uh = 8 ta chn t s truyn nh sau:
u1 = 3,3 : t s truyn ca b truyn bnh rng cp nhanh.
u2 = 2,42 : t s truyn ca b truyn bnh rng cp chm.
uch 19, 73
ud 2, 47
u1.u2 3,3.2, 42
- Vy t s truyn ca b truyn ai:
1.3. C TNH K THUT CA B TRUYN NG
1.3.1. Tnh cng sut trn cc trc.

Pmax 8, 4
PIII 8, 4 ( kW )
nt 1

PIII 8, 4
PII 8,93(kW )
ol .brn 0,99.0,96

PII 8, 48
PI 9,39( kW )
ol .brn 0, 99.0, 96

9
PI 8,93
Pdc 9, 99 (kW )
ol .d 0, 99.0,95

1.3.2. Tnh s vng quay trn cc trc.
ndc 1435
(vng/pht)
nI 1435
nI 581
ud 2, 47
(vng/pht)
nII 581
nII 176
ubr 3,3
(vng/pht)
nII 176
nIII nct 72, 7
ubr 2, 42
(vng/pht)
1.3.3. Tnh m-men xon trn cc trc
Pdc 9,99
Tdc 9,55.106. 9,55.106. 66470( Nmm)
ndc 1435

PI 9, 39
TI 9,55.106. 9,55.106. 154412( Nmm)
nI 581

PII 8,93
TII 9,55.106. 9,55.106. 484284( Nmm)
nII 176

PIII 8, 48
TIII Tct 9,55.106. 9, 55.106. 1113837( Nmm)
nIII 72,7

1.3.4. Bng c tnh k thut
Trc
ng c I II III Cng tc
Thng s
Cng sut, kW 9,99 9,39 8,93 8,4 8,4
T s truyn u 2,47 3,3 2,42 1
S vng quay, vng/pht 1435 581 176 72,7 72,7
M-men xon, N.mm 66470 154412 484284 1113837 1113837

10
11
CHNG 2 THIT K CC B TRUYN

2.1. THIT K B TRUYN AI THANG
2.1.1. Chn loi ai
- Theo th 4.1[1] vi cng sut PI = 9,99 (kW). Vi s vng quay bnh dn n =

1435 (vng/pht). Ta chn loi ai thang vi cc thng s k thut
nh sau:
Kch thc tit din mm Din tch ng knh Chiu di

K hiu tit din bnh ai gii hn l
bt b h y0 A(mm2) nh d1 mm mm
14 17 10,5 4,0 138 140-280 800-6300
2.1.2. Xc nh cc thng s ca b truyn.

d1 1, 2d min 1, 2.140 168mm
- Chn ng knh bnh ai nh:
d1 180mm
Theo tiu chun ta chn:
- Vn tc ai c tnh theo cng thc sau:
d1n1 .180.1435
v1 13,52m / s
60000 60000
- ng knh bnh ai ln (bnh b dn)
0,02
Gi s ta chn h s trt tng i th ng knh bnh ai
ln l:
d 2 udt d1 1 2, 47.180. 1 0,02 453,67 mm
d 2 450mm
Theo tiu chun ta chn
Tnh li t s truyn:
d2 450
udt 2,5
d1 1 180. 1 0,02
| 2,5 2, 47 |
u .100 1, 21% 4%
2,5
Sai lch t s truyn:
- Khong cch trc nh nht xc nh theo cng thc:
0,55 d1 d 2 h a 2 d1 d 2
0,55 180 450 10,5 a 2 180 450
12
357 mm a 1260mm
a 1, 2d 2 540mm
Ta chn s b khong cch trc:
- Chiu di tnh ton ca ai:
d1 d 2 d 2 d1
2
L 2a
2 4a
180 450 450 180

2
2.450 2253mm
2 4.450
L 2240mm 2,24m
Theo tiu chun ta chn:
- S vng chy ai trong mt giy:
v 13,52
i 6,04 i 10 s 1
L 2, 24
Do iu kin c tha mn.
- Tnh li khong cch trc:
k k 2 8 2 1250 1250 2 8 1352
a 610mm
4 4
Trong :
d1 d 2 180 450
k L 2240 1250mm
2 2

d 2 d1
450 180
135
2 2
Khong cch trc vn nm trong iu kin cho php.
- Gc m bnh ai nh:
d d
1 180o 57 2 1 180o 57
450 180 154,7o
a 610
1 min 120o
V nn tha mn iu kin gc m ai.
2.1.3. Xc nh s ai:
PK 9,99.1, 2
z 1 d
3,51
P0 C Cl Cu Cz 3,38.0,94.1.1,14.0,95
Chn z = 4
Trong :
H s xt n nh hng ca gc m 1: C
13

Tra theo bng 4.15 vi 1=154,7 ta c: C = 0,94
H s xt n nh hng ca chiu di ai: Cl
l 2240
1
l0 2240
Vi t s: kt hp tra bng 4.16 ta c: Cl = 1
H s xt n nh hng ca t s truyn u: Cu
Cu = 1,14 v udt = 2,5 < 3
P0
Tr s cng sut cho php
Theo bng 4.19 vi ai loi , vn tc ai v = 13,54 m/s v d1 =180 mm ta
P0 3,38
c kW
H s xt n nh hng ca phn b ti trng ln cc dy ai: Cz
Thng thng b truyn nh c 2-3 ai nn ta chn Cz = 0,95

H s ti trng ng K
Theo bng 4.7 ta c K = 1,2

- Kch thc bnh ai nh:
Chiu rng bnh ai nh tnh (theo cng thc 4.17 v bng 4.21)
B z 1 t 2e 4 1 .19 2.12,5 82mm
ng knh ngoi ca bnh ai:

d a d1 2h0 180 2.4,2 188,4mm
2.1.4. Xc nh lc cng ban u v lc tc dng ln trc
- Lc cng ban u trn 1 ai tnh theo cng thc sau:

780 PK 780.9,99.1, 2
F0 1
Fv 33 217 N
vC z 13,52.0,94.4
Trong :
Fv qmv 2 0,178.13,52 2 33 N
(nh k iu chnh lc cng)
Vi qm = 0,178 kg/m (bng 4.22) l khi lng mt mt chiu di ai
- Lc tc dng ln trc:
14
1 154,7o
Fr 2 zF0 sin 2.2.271.sin 1694 N
2 2
- Thng s b truyn ai
Cc i lng Thng s
Khong cch trc a = 610 mm
T s truyn u = 2,5
S dy ai z=4
Chiu di ai L = 2240 mm
Loi ai
ng knh bnh ai nh d1 = 180 mm
Chiu rng bnh ai nh B = 82 mm
ng knh bnh ai ln d2 = 450 mm
Gc m ai bnh ai nh 1 = 154,7
2.2. THIT K B TRUYN BNH RNG
2.2.1. Thng s ban u
- Thi gian phc v: L = 5 nm.

- Quay mt chiu, ti va p nh: 270 ngy/nm, 2 ca/ngy, 8 gi/ca.
- Cp bnh rng cp nhanh (bnh rng tr rng nghing):
T s truyn: u = 3,3
S vng quay: n = 581 vng/pht.
M men xon trn trc dn: T = 154412 (N.mm).
- Cp bnh rng cp chm ( bnh rng tr rng nghing).
T s truyn: u = 2,42
S vng quay: n = 176 vng/pht.
M men xon trn trc dn: T = 484284 (N.mm).
2.2.2. Chn vt liu
15
- Chn vt liu lm 2 cp bnh rng nh nhau:
Bnh nh: thp 45 ti ci thin, t rn HB 241285,
b1 850 MPa, ch1 580 MPa
Bnh ln: : thp 45 ti ci thin, t rn HB 192240,

b 2 750 MPa, ch 2 450 MPa
2.2.3. Xc nh ng sut cho php
- S chu k lm vic c s:
N HO1 30 HB12,4 30.2502,4 1, 71.107
:
N HO 2 30 HB2 2,4
30.235 2,4
1, 47.10 7

N FO1 N FO 2 4.106

Tui th Lh = 5.270.2.8 = 21600 gi
- S chu k lm vic tng ng:
mH /2
T n1 T t
N HE 60c i ni ti ; N HE 2 60c ti ( i )3 . i
Tmax u1 Tmax ti

581 13.45 0,83.13 0.43.31
N HE2 60.1. .21600. 2,3.10
8
3,3 89 89 89

6
T
N FE 60.c. i .ni .ti
Tmax

581 16.45 0,86.13 0.46.31
N FE 2 60.1. .21600. 2, 28.10
8
3,3 89 89 89
> NFO = 4.106
N HE1 N HO1
N
HE 2 N HO 2

N FE1 N FO1
N FE1 N FO1 N HE N HO
- Ta thy nn chn tnh ton.
K HL1 1; K HL 2 1; K FL1 1; K FL 2 1
- Suy ra:
- Theo bng 6.2[1] vi thp 45, ti ci thin:.
Ho lim 2 HB 70;SHL 1,1
Gii hn mi tip xc:
Ho lim1 2.250 70 570 MPa
Bnh ch ng: .
16
Ho lim 2 2.235 70 540 MPa
Bnh b ng: .
o
F lim 1,8 HB; S FL 1, 75
Gii hn mi un:
Fo lim1 1,8.250 450 MPa
Bnh ch ng:
Fo lim 2 1,8.235 423 MPa
Bnh b ng:
ng sut tip xc cho php:

K HL
H H0 lim .
SH
Theo (6.1a)[1], s b ta tnh c:
K HL1 1
[ H 1 ] Ho lim1. 570. 518 MPa;
SH 1,1
K HL 2 1
[ H 2 ] Ho lim 2 . 540. 491 MPa
SH 1,1
Theo (6.12)[1] , ng sut tip xc cho php:

Cp nhanh dng bnh rng nghing:
H 1 H 2 518 491 504,55MPa
H
2 2
ng sut un cho php:
Do theo (6.2a)[1] vi b truyn quay 1 chiu KFC = 1, ta c:
o .K .K
F F lim FL FC
SH
450.1.1 423.1.1
F1 257 MPa; F1 241, 7 MPa;
1, 75 1, 75
v
ng sut qu ti cho php:
Theo (6.10) v (6.11)[1]:
ng sut tip xc qu ti cho php:
H max 2,8 ch 2 2,8.450 1260 MPa
ng sut un qu ti cho php:
F 1 max 0,8 ch1 0,8.580 464 MPa
F 2 max 0,8 ch 2 0,8.450 360 MPa
2.2.4. Tnh ton cp nhanh: B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing
2.2.4.1. Xc nh s b khong cch trc
17
T1 K H 154412.1, 07
aw K a (u 1) 3 43(3,3 1) 3 160, 6 mm
H
2
u ba 5052.3,3.0,3
- Theo (6.15a)[1]:
Trong :
ba 0, 3
Chn (bng 6.6[1]);
Ka = 43 (bng 6.5[1];
bd 0,5 ba (u 1) 0,5.0, 3(3,3 1) 0, 65
Theo (6.16)[1] ;
K H 1, 07
Do theo bng 6.7[1], (s 3);
T1 154412
Nmm
Vi kt qu tnh c ta chn aw = 180mm.
2.2.4.2. Xc nh cc thng s n khp

- Theo (6.17)[1] m = (0,01 0,02) aw = (0,01 0,02).180 = 1,8 3,6mm. Theo
bng 6.8[1] chn mun php mn = 2,5.
- T iu kin 200 80 v theo (6.13)[1]
2aw cos80 2a cos200

z1 w
mn (u 1) mn (u 1)
2.180.cos80 2.180.cos200
z1
2,5(3,3 1) 2,5(3,3 1)
33,16 z1 31, 47
chn z1 = 33
- S rng bnh ln: z2 = uz1 = 3,3.33 = 108,9. Chn z2 = 109

m.( z1 z2 ) 2,5.(33 109)
cos 0,9861 9, 60
2.aw 2.180
- Tnh gc :
2.2.4.3. Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc:
- Theo (6.33)[1], ng sut tip xc trn mt rng lm vic:
2T1.K H . u 1
H Z M .Z H .Z . [ H ]
bwu.d w21
- Theo bng 6.5[1], ZM = 274MPa1/3;

18
tan b cos t .tan cos(20o).tan(9, 6o) 0,158 b 8,98o
- Theo (6.35)[1]:
tg tg 200
t tw acrtg acrtg 0
200
cos cos 9, 6
Vi
2.cos( b ) 2 cos(8,98)
ZH 1, 74
sin(2 tw ) sin(2.20)
- Theo (6.34)[1]:
bw .sin 55.sin 9, 60
1,16
.m .2,5
- Theo (6.37)[1],
- Theo(6.38b)[1],
1 1 1 1
1,88 3, 2 cos 1,88 3, 2 .0,988 1, 73
z1 z2 33 109
1 1
Z 0, 76
1, 73
- Theo (6.38)[1],
2.aw 2.180
d w1 83, 6 mm
u 1 3,3 1
- ng knh vng ln bnh nh:
.d w .n1 .83, 6.581
v 1
2,54 m / s
6.104 6.104
- Theo (6.40)[1], theo bng 6.13, bng
6.14[1] dng cp chnh xc 9 v KH = 1,13.
aw 180
vH H .g o .v. 0, 002.73.2,54 2, 7
um 3,3
- Theo (6.42)[1],
H
Trong : theo bng 6.15, bng 6.16[1], =0,002, g0 = 73. Do , theo (6.41)
vH .bw .d w 2, 7.55.83, 66
K HV 1 1 1, 034
2.T1.K H .K H 2.154412.1, 07.1,13
[1], .
K H K H K H K HV 1, 07.1,13.1, 034 1, 25
- Theo (6.39)[1],
Vy ng sut tip xc trn b mt rng:
2T1.K H . u 1
H Z M .Z H .Z .
bwu.d w2
19
2.154412.1, 25. 3,3 1
274.1, 74.0, 76. 415, 26 MPa
55.3, 3.83, 6 2
- Xc nh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php:

Z v 0,85v 0,1 0,85.2,540,1 0,9
( rn mt rng HB < 350).
ZR = 0,95 (vi Ra = 2,51,25m). KxH = 1 (da 700mm).
Vy ng sut tip xc cho php:
H H .Zv .Z R .K xH 504,55.1.0,9.1 454 MPa
H H
, tha mn iu kin tip xc.
2.2.4.4. Kim nghim bn un

m bo bn un cho rng, ng sut un sinh ra ri chn rng khng
c vt qu mt gi tr cho php, theo (6.43)[1],
2T1 K F Y Y YF 1
F F
bw d w m
Trong :
- KF = KF.KF.KFV = 1,17.1,37.1,7 = 1,72

Theo bng 6.7 [1] ta chn gi tr KF = 1,17;
Theo bng 6.14 [1], v < 5 m/s, cp chnh xc 9, KF = 1,37;
F g0
Theo bng 6.15[1], =0,006, = 73.
aw 180
vF F .g 0 .v. 0, 006.73.2,54. 8,3
um 3,3
Theo 6.47 [1],
vF .bw .d w1 8,3.55.83, 6
K Fv 1 1 1, 7
2.T1.K F .K F 2.154412.1,17.1,37
Theo (6.46)[1],
1 1
Y 0,58;
1, 7 1, 7
- H s k n s trng khp ca rng: Vi
9, 6
Y 1 1 0,93
140 140
- H s k n gc nghing rng:
- S rng tng ng:
z1 33
Z v1 34, 4
cos cos3 9, 6o
3
20
z2 109
Z v2 113, 7
cos cos 3 9, 6o
3
Theo bng 6.18[1], YF1 = 3,75 ; YF2 = 3,6
- Vi m = 2,5, YS = 1,08 0,0695ln(2,5) = 1,01; YR = 1 ; KxF = 1(da < 400mm),

F F 1 .Ys .YR .K xF 257,14.1, 01.1.1 261 MPa
- Do theo (6.2) v (6.2a)[1]:
F 2 246MPa
Tng t tnh c
- Thay cc gi tr vo cng thc trn ta c:
2.154412.1, 72.0,58.0,93.3, 75
F1 93, 6 MPa [ F 1 ]=261MPa
55.83, 6.2,5
F 1.YF 2 93, 6.3, 6

F2 89,8MPa F 2 246 MPa
YF 1 3, 75
Vy bnh rng tha bn un.
2.2.4.5. Kim nghim rng v qu ti

- Theo (6.48)[1], vi Kqt = Tmax/T = 2,2:
H 1max H K qt 415, 27 2, 2 615,93MPa [ H max ] 1260 MPa
- Theo (6.49)[1]:
F 1max F 1.K qt 93, 6.2, 2 205,9 MPa F 1max 464 MPa
;
F 2max F 2 .K qt 89,8.2, 2 197, 7 MPa F 2max 360 MPa
Vy rng tha bn khi qu ti
2.2.5. Tnh ton cp chm: B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing
2.2.5.1. Xc nh s b khong cch trc:

- Theo (6.15a)[1]:
T1.K H 484284.1, 03
aw K a . u 1 3 43(2, 42 1) 3 186, 03mm
H
2
.u. ba 5052.2, 42.0, 4
21
Trong :
ba 0, 4
chn (bng 6.6[1]);
Ka = 43 (bng 6.5[1];
bd 0,5 ba (u 1) 0,5.0, 4(2, 42 1) 0, 68
Theo (6.16)[1], ;
K H 1, 03
Do theo bng 6.7[1], (s 5);
T2 = 484284 Nmm
Vi kt qu tnh c ta chn aw = 210 mm.
2.2.5.2. Xc nh cc thng s n khp

- Theo (6.17)[1] m = (0,01 0,02) aw = (0,01 0,02).210 = 2,14,2 mm. Theo
bng 6.8[1] chn mun m = 2,5.
- T iu kin 200 80 v theo (6.13)[1]
2aw cos80 2a cos200

z1 w
mn (u 1) mn (u 1)
2.180.cos80 2.180.cos200
z1
2,5(2, 42 1) 2,5(42 1)
48, 64 z1 46,16
chn z1 = 48
- S rng bnh ln: z2 = uz1 = 2,42.48 = 116,2. Chn z2 = 116

z 116
um 2 2, 42
z1 48
- Tnh li t s truyn:
m.( z1 z2 ) 2,5.(48 116)
cos 0, 976 12,50
2.aw 2.210
- Tnh gc :
2.2.5.3. Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc

- Theo (6.33)[1], ng sut tip xc trn mt rng lm vic:
2T1.K H . u 1
H Z M .Z H .Z . [ H ]
bwu.d w21
- Theo bng 6.5[1], ZM = 274MPa1/3;
22
tan b cos t .tan cos(20o).tan(12,5o) 0, 208 b 11,8o
- Theo (6.35)[1]:
tg tg 200
t tw acrtg acrtg 0
200
cos cos12, 5
Vi
2.cos( b ) 2 cos(11,8)
ZH 1, 7
sin(2 tw ) sin(2.20)
- Theo (6.34)[1]:
bw .sin 55.sin12,50
2,35
.m .2,5
- Theo (6.37)[1],
1 1 1 1
1,88 3, 2 1,88 3, 2 1, 7
z1 z2 48 116
- Theo(6.38b)[1],
4 4 1, 7
Z 0, 76
3 3
- Theo (6.38)[1],
2.aw 2.210
d w1 123mm
u 1 2, 42 1
- ng knh vng ln bnh nh:
.d w .n1 .123.176
v 1
1,13 m / s
6.104 6.104
- Theo (6.40)[1], theo bng 6.13, bng
6.14[1] dng cp chnh xc 9 v KH = 1,13.
aw 210
vH H .g o .v. 0, 002.73.1,13 1,5
um 2, 42
- Theo (6.42)[1], ,
Trong :
H
theo bng 6.15, bng 6.16[1], =0,006, g0 = 73.
Do , theo (6.41)[1],
vH .bw .d w 1,5.85.123
K HV 1 1 1, 01
2.T1.K H .K H 2.484284.1, 03.1,13
.
K H K H K H K HV 1, 03.1,13.1, 01 1,18
- Theo (6.39)[1],
Vy ng sut tip xc trn b mt rng:
23
2T1.K H . u 1
H Z M .Z H .Z .
bwu.d w2
2.484284.1,18. 2, 42 1
274.1, 7.1,13. 402, 6 MPa
85.2, 42.1232
- Xc nh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php:

Z v 1, do v 1,13m / s
( rn mt rng HB < 350).
ZR = 0,95 (vi Ra = 2,51,25m). KxH = 1 (da 700mm).
Vy ng sut tip xc cho php:
H H .Zv .Z R .K xH 505.1.0,95.1 454 MPa
H H
, tha mn iu kin tip xc
2.2.5.4. Kim nghim bn un
m bo bn un cho rng, ng sut un sinh ra ri chn rng khng
2T1K F Y Y YF 1
F F
bw d w m
c vt qu mt gi tr cho php, theo (6.43)[1],
Trong :
- KF = KF.KF.KFV = 1,08.1,37.1,03 = 1,53
Theo bng 6.7 [1] ta chn gi tr KF = 1,08;
Theo bng 6.14 [1], v < 5 m/s, cp chnh xc 9, KF = 1,37;
F g0
Theo bng 6.15[1], = 0,016, = 73.
aw 210
vF F .g0 .v. 0, 016.73.1,13. 4, 6
um 2, 42
Theo 6.47 [1],
vF .bw .d w1 4, 6.85.123
K Fv 1 1 1, 03
2.T1 .K F .K F 2.484284.1,08.1,37
Theo (6.46)[1],
1 1
Y 0, 57
1, 7 1, 7
- H s k n s trng khp ca rng: Vi
12,5
Y 1 0,91
140
- H s k n gc nghing rng:
- S rng tng ng:
z1 48
Z v1 52
cos cos3 12,5
3
z2 116
Z v2 124, 7
cos cos 3 12,5
3
24
Theo bng 6.18[1], YF1 = 3,65 ; YF2 = 3,6
- Vi m = 2,5, YS = 1,08 0,0695ln(2,5) = 1,01; YR = 1; KxF = 1(da < 400mm).

F F1 .Ys .YR .K xF 257.1, 01.1.1 261 MPa
- Do theo (6.2) v (6.2a)[1]:
F 2 246 MPa
- Tng t tnh c
- Thay cc gi tr vo cng thc trn ta c:
2.484284.1,53.0,57.0,91.3, 65
F1 108,11 MPa [ F 1 ]=261MPa
85.123.2, 42
F 1.YF 2 108,11.3, 6
F2 106, 6 MPa F 2 246 MPa
YF 1 3, 65
Vy bnh rng tha bn un
2.2.5.5. Kim nghim rng v qu ti

- Theo (6.48)[1], vi Kqt = Tmax/T = 2,2:
H 1max H K qt 402 2, 2 597 MPa [ H max ] 1260 MPa
- Theo (6.49)[1]:
F 1max F 1.K qt 108,11.2, 2 237,9 MPa F 1max 464 MPa
F 2 max F 2 .K qt 106, 6.2, 2 234, 6 MPa F 2max 360 MPa
Vy bnh rng tha bn khi qu ti.
2.2.6. Bng thng s v kch thc b truyn.
Thng s hnh hc Cp nhanh Cp chm
Khong cch trc,mm 180 210
Mun php,mm 2,5 2,5
Chiu rng vnh rng,mm
Bnh dn 61 91
Bnh b dn 55 85
25
T s truyn 3,3 2,42
Gc nghing rng, 9,6 12,5
S rng:
Bnh dn 33 48
Bnh b dn 109 116
H s dch chnh, mm 0 0
ng knh vng chia,mm
Bnh dn 83,7 122,9
Bnh b dn 276,3 297,1
ng knh vng nh,mm
Bnh dn 88,7 127,9
Bnh b dn 281,3 302,1
ng knh vng y,mm
Bnh dn 77,4 116,7
Bnh b dn 270,1 290,8

2.2.7. Kim tra iu kin bi trn ngm du ca b truyn
- iu kin bi trn i vi hp gim tc:

Mc du thp nht ngp (0,75 2) chiu cao rng h2.
Khong cch gia mc du thp nht v cao nht hmax hmin = 10
15mm.
Mc du cao nht khng c gp qu 1/3 bn knh bnh rng 4.
26
- Theo (13.15)[2]: h2 = 2,25m = 2,25.2 = 4,5 < 10mm.
1 1
H d a 2 10 (10...15) d a 4
2 3
1 1
281,3 10 10 131, 03mm 297,1 100, 69mm
2 3
Hp gim tc tha mn iu kin bi trn.
27
CHNG 3 THIT K TRC THEN - LN NI TRC

3.1. TNH TON THIT K TRC V THEN
3.1.1. Chn vt liu v xc nh s b ng knh trc
b 600 MPa
- Chn vt liu trc l thp 45 c , ng sut xon cho php
[ ] 15...30MPa
- Xc nh s b ng knh trc: Theo (10.9)[1], ng knh trc th k

Tk
dk 3
0, 2[ ]
Vi T1 = 154412 Nmm; T2 = 484284 Nmm: T3 = 1113837 Nmm
- Do ng knh s b cc trc s l:
d1 35( mm)
Trc I:
d 2 45(mm)
Truc II:
d3 60( mm)
Trc III:
3.1.2. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc
- Da theo ng knh cc trc, s dng bng 10.2[1] chn chiu rng ln,
cng thc (10.10)[1] xc nh chiu di mayo bnh xch v bnh rng, cng
thc (10.13)[1] xc nh chiu di na ni trc ( y chn ni trc vng
n hi), bng 10.3 v 10.4[1] tnh cc khong cch. Kt qu tnh c
khong cch lki trn trc th k t gi O n chi tit quay th i nh sau :
- Tr s cc khong cch trn chiu di trc:
k1 = 10 mm : khong cch gia cc chi tit quay n thnh trong ca hp
hoc khong cch gia cc chi tit quay.
k2 = 10 mm : khong cch t mt mt ti thnh trong ca hp.
k3 = 15 mm : khong cch t mt mt chi tit quay n np
hn = 15 mm : chiu cao np v u bu-lng.
- Chiu di may:
lm32 140 ( mm)
Chiu di mayo na khp ni: .
28
lm 22 91(mm)
Chiu di mayo bnh rng cp chm: .
lm 23 55(mm)
Chiu di mayo bnh rng cp nhanh: .
lm14 55( mm)
Chiu di mayo bnh ai:
- Chiu di cc on cha ra trn cc trc:
Chiu di on trc cha ra lp na khp ni:
lc 32 0,5(l32 b0 ) k3 hn 0,5(140 31) 10 15 11,5( mm)
Chiu di on trc cha ra lp bnh ai:

lc13 0,5(lm14 b0 ) k3 hn 0,5(55 21) 10 15 68(mm)
- Chiu di cc on trc:
l22 0,5(lm 22 b0 ) k1 k2 0,5(91 25) 10 10 78( mm);

l23 l22 0,5(lm 22 lm 23 ) k1 78 0,5(91 55) 10 161(mm);
l12 l23 161(mm);
l31 l22 78(mm);
- Do khong cch gia cc gi :

l11 l31 l21 lm 22 lm 23 3k1 2k2 b02 91 55 3.10 2.10 25 221( mm)
3.1.3. Xc nh cc lc tc dng ln trc
- T cc bnh rng ta s dng cng thc (10.1)[1] v cc quy c v chiu ca

lc (h.10.3)[1]. Ta c kt qu nh sau:
Lc cp bnh rng cp nhanh:
2T1 2.154412
Ft12 Ft 23 3691( N )
2.d w1 2.83, 6
Lc vng: .
Lc hng tm:
tan( tw ) tan(20o)
Fr12 Fr 23 Ft12 . 3691. 1362( N )
cos( ) cos(9, 6o)
Fa12 Fa13 F12 .tan( ) 3691.tan(9, 6o) 622( N ).

Lc dc trc:
Lc cp bnh rng cp chm:
2T2 2.484284
Ft 22 Ft 33 7879( N )
d w2 123
Lc vng: .
29
Lc hng tm:
tan( tw ) tan(20o)
Fr 22 Fr 33 Ft 23 . 7879. 2938( N )
cos( ) cos 12,5o
Fa 22 Fa 33 Ft 22 . tan( ) 7879.tan(9, 6o) 1751( N ).

Lc dc trc:
Lc do b truyn ngoi:
Fr13 Fr 1694( N )
Lc tc dng t bnh ai ln trc 3:
Lc t khp ni tc dng ln trc I hng theo phng y v bng:
2T1 2.1113837
Ft 32 0, 2. 0, 2. 2228( N ).
D0 120
Trong : D0 = 200mm
ng knh vng trn qua tm cc cht ca ni trc vng n hi
bng (15.10)[1].
- Phng v chiu ca cc lc c th hin trn hnh 3.1, hnh 3.2 v hnh 3.3
3.1.4. S trc, chi tit quay v lc t cc chi tit quay tc dng ln trc
30
Hnh 3.1. S t lc, biu mmen v kt cu trc vo ca hp gim tc.
31
Hnh 3.2. S t lc, biu mmen v kt cu trc trung gian ca hp gim tc.
32
Hnh 3.2. S t lc, biu mmen v kt cu trc ra hp gim tc.
33
3.1.5. Tnh phn lc tc dng ca cc gi
- S dng phng trnh m-men v phng trnh hnh chiu ca cc lc trong

mt phng zOy v zOx.
d w1 83, 6
M 12 M 13 Fa12 . 622. 26007( N .mm)
2 2
- Trc I: vi

F 0 F F F F 0
x x10 x11 t 12 t13 Fx10 1523( N )
F 0 F F F 0
y y10 y 11 r 12
F 474( N )
x11

M 0 F .221 F .161 M 0
x/0 y11 r12 12 Fy10 487( N )
Fy11 875( N )
M 0 F .221 F .161 F .289 0
y/0 x11 t12 t13
d w2 123
M 22 Fa 22 . 1751. 107611( N .mm)
2 2
- Trc II: vi
d w3 276
M 23 Fa 23 . 1622. 85902( N .mm)
2 2
v

F 0 F F F
x x 20 x 21 t 22 Ft 23 0
F 0 F F F
y y 20 y 21 r 22 Fr 23 0

M 0 F .221 F
x/0 y 21 r 22 .78 Fr 23 .161 M 22 M 23 0

M 0 F .221 F
y/0 x 21 t 22 .78 Ft 23 .161 0
Fx 20 4696( N )
F 92( N )
x 21
Fy 20 2407( N )
Fy 21 831( N )

d w4 297
M 33 Fa 33 . 1751. 260059( N .mm)
2 2
- Trc III: vi

F 0 F F F 0
x x 30 x 31 t 33 Fx 30 5098( N )
F 0 F F F F 0
y y 30 y 31 r 32 r 33
F 2781( N )
x 31

M 0 F .221 F .115,5 F
x/0 y 31 r 32 r 33 .78 M 33 0 Fy 30 2668( N )
Fy 31 3378( N )
M 0 F .221 F .78 0
y/0 x 31 t 33
3.1.6. Biu momen un Mx v My
34
- Trong cc mt phng zOy v zOx v biu momen xon T i vi cc trc
c v trn hnh 3.1, 3.2 v 3.3.
3.1.7. Xc nh momen un tng v momen tng ng Mt
- Theo cng thc (10.15) v (10.16)[1] ng vi cc tit din, t theo (10.17)

[1] xc nh ng knh dkj i vi trc k, tit din j, trong ng sut cho
[ ]=55MPa
php ly theo bng 10.5[1]:
M tdk
dk
0,1
3
M M M ; M td M M 0, 75T
2
x
2
y
2
x
2
y
2
v mm
- T yu cu v bn, lp ghp v cng ngh ta chn ng knh cc on trc
nh sau:
Tit din M,Nmm Mt,Nmm d(tnh),mm d(chn),mm
10 0 0 0 35
11 115192 176498 34,12 35
12 257504 290156 40,26 42
13 0 133724 31,10 32
20 0 0 0 45
21 0 0 0 45
22 370571 559661 48,19 50
23 50159 422391 43,88 50
30 257334 998347 58,45 60
31 0 0 0 60
32 0 964612 57,78 60
33 625687 1149765 61,27 65
3.1.8. Chn kch thc v tnh kim nghim then
35
- Chn kch thc then:
Theo bng 9.1[1] , tr s mmen cn un v cn xon bng 10.6[1] ng
vi cc tit din trc nh sau:
Tit din ng knh trc bxh t1 W(mm3) Wo(mm3)
12 42 10x8 5 2647 5864
13 32 12x8 5 6296 13569
22 50 14x9 5,5 10747 23019
23 50 14x12 7 10460 22732
32 60 18x11 7 18256 39462
33 65 18x16 10 22773 49734
- Tnh kim nghim bn ca then:

Vi cc tit din trc dung mi ghp then tin hnh kim nghim mi
2T
d [ d ]
dlt (h t1 )
ghp v bn dp theo (9.1)[1]: .
2T
c [ c ]
d .lt .b
V bn ct theo (9.2)[1]: .
[ d ] 100 MPa [ c ] 30 MPa
Theo bng 9.5[1] th v .
Bng tnh kim nghim then:
d c
d,mm lt,mm bxh t1,mm T,Nmm
,MPa , MPa
42 45 10x8 5 154412 71 21
36
32 50 12x8 5 154412 49 12
50 80 14x9 5,5 484284 69 17
50 45 14x12 7 484284 86 31
60 125 18x11 7 1113837 74 17
65 70 16x16 10 1113837 82 27
Vy cc then tha iu kin bn
3.1.9. Tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi
b 600 MPa; 1 0, 463 b 0, 463.600 262 MPa

- Vi thp 45 c ;
1 0,58 1 0, 58.262 152 0, 05 0
MPa. Theo bng 10.6[1], ;
- Cc trc hp gim tc quay, ng sut un thay i theo chu k i xng, do
Mj
aj max ; mj 0
aj Wj
tnh theo (10.22)[1], . V trc quay 1 chiu nn
Tj
mj aj
2Woj
ng sut xon thay i theo chu k mch ng, do tnh theo
(10.23)[1].
- Xc nh h s an ton cc tit din nguy him ca trc.Da theo kt cu trc
trn cc hnh h.3.1, h.3.2 v h.3.3 v biu m- men tng ng. C th thy
cc tit din sau y l tit din nguy him cn phi kim tra v bn mi:
Trn trc 1 l cc tit din lp ln (11), lp bnh rng (12), lp bnh ai
(13), trn thc 2 l 2 tit din lp bnh rng (22, 23), trn trc 3 l tit
din lp ln (30), tit din lp ni trc (32) v tit din lp bnh rng (33).
K dj K dj
- Xc nh cc h s v
i vi cc tit din nguy him theo cng thc (10.25) v (10.26)[1]
Cc trc c gia cng trn my tin, ti cc tit din nguy him yu cu
t Ra = 2,5 0,63m, do theo bng 10.8[1], h s tp trung ng sut
do trng thi b mt Kx = 1,06.
37
Khng dng cc phng php gia cng b mt, do h s tng bn
Ky=1;
Theo bng 10.12[1], khi dung dao phay ngn , h s tp trung ng sut
b 600 MPa K 1, 76; K 1,54
ti rnh then ng vi vt liu c l .

Theo bng 10.10[1] tra h s kch thc v
ng vi ng knh
K K
ca tit din nguy him, t xc nh c t s v ti
rnh then trn cc tit din ny. Theo bng 10.11[1], ng vi
b 600 MPa K
v ng knh ti tit din nguy him tra c t s
K
v do lp cng ti cc tit din ny, trn c s dng gi tr ln
K K d
hn trong hai gi tr ca tnh v dng gi tr ln hn trong
K K d
hai gi tr ca tnh . Kt qu ghi trong bng di.
- Xc nh h s an ton
1
S j
S K dj aj mj
Ch xt ring ng sut php theo (10.20)[1],
S
H s an ton ch xt ring ng sut tip theo (10.21)[1],
1
S j
K dj aj mj
S j .S j
Sj [S ]
S j 2 S j 2
H s an ton S theo (10.19)[1], ng vi cc tit
din nguy him. Kt qu ghi trong bng di cho thy cc tit din nguy
him trn 3 trc u m bo an ton v mi.
K K
T s T s
Tit K d K d S S
d,mm S
din
Rnh Lp Rnh Lp
then cng then cng
38
11 35 2,06 1,64 2,12 1,70 - - -
16,8
12 42 2,07 2,06 1,54 1,64 2,13 1,70 3,47 3,40
2
13 32 2,00 2,06 1,90 1,64 2,12 1,96 - 6,45 6,45
21,6
22 50 2,17 2,06 2,03 1,64 2,23 2,09 3,40 3,36
8
21,4
23 50 2,17 2,06 2,03 1,64 2,23 2,09 24,43 16,10
1
30 60 2,52 2,03 2,58 2,09 - 5,53 5,53
32 60 2,24 2,52 2,07 2,03 2,58 2,13 - 5,05 5,05
33 65 2,29 2,52 2,08 2,04 2,58 2,14 3,69 6,33 3,19
3.2. TNH CHN LN
3.2.1. Truc I.
- S liu tnh:
s vng quay : n = 581 vg/ph.

Thi gian s dng: 21600 gi. Ti trng va p nh.
ng knh ngng trc: d = 35mm.
39
Phn lc ti cc gi tnh (N):
Fx10 1523; Fy10 487; Ft10 Fx210 Fy210 15232 487 2 1599 N
;
Fx11 474; Fy11 875; Ft11 Fx211 Fy211 4742 8752 995 N
3.2.1.1. Chn loi ln

Fa 622 N
- Lc dc trc:
Fa 622
0,6 0,3
Fr 995
- Tnh h s dng bi - chn mt dy cho cc gi 0
v 1.
- Vi kt cu trc trn h.3.1 v ng knh ngng trc d = 35mm, chn bi
mt dy c trung 46307 (bng P.2.12[1]) c ng knh trong d = 35 mm,
ng knh ngoi D = 80 mm, kh nng ti ng C = 33,4 kN, kh nng ti tnh
12o
C0 = 25,2 kN. Gc tip xc
3.2.1.2. Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti ng ca
Fa 622
0,025
C0 25200
- T s . Theo bng 11.4 [1] e = 0,34
- Lc dc trc do lc hng tm sinh ra trn cc :
Fs 0 eFr 0 0,34.1599 960 N
Fs1 eFr1 0,34.995 338 N
- Tng lc dc trc tc dng vo
F a0 Fs1 Fat 338 622 960 N Fs 0
Fa 0 Fa 0 960 N
Vy
F a1 Fs 0 Fat 543 622 78 N Fs1
Fa1 Fs1 338 N

Vy
- V vng trong quay nn V = 1, do
Fa 0 960
0,6 e
VFr 0 1.1599
X = 0,45, Y = 1,62 (bng 11.4 [1])
Fa1 338
0,34 e
VFr1 1.995
X = 1, Y = 0 (bng 11.4 [1])
- Theo cng thc (11.3)[1], ti trng quy c:
Q0 ( XVFr 0 YFa 0 ) K t K d (0, 45.1599. 1, 62.960).1.1, 2 2730 N
40
Q1 ( XVFr1 YFa1 ) K t K d (1.1.995. 0).1.1, 2 1194 N
Trong
Kt = 1 (nhit t 1000C);
Kd = 1,2 (ti va p nh).
Nh vy ch cn tnh cho 0 v n chu lc ln hn
- Theo (11.12)[1] ti trng ng tng ng
QE m
Q L i
m
i
Q1 m (
Q1 m Lh1 Q2 m Lh 2 Q3 m Lh3
) ( ) ( )
L i Q1 Lh Q1 Lh Q1 Lh
45 13 31
QE 2730 3 0,83. 0, 43. 2306( N )
89 89 89
Vi bi c m = 3.
- Theo (11.1) kh nng ti ng ca :

Cd QE 3 L 2,306. 3 753 20,98(kN) Cd 33, 4 kN
60nL h 60.581.21600
L 6
753
10 106
Vi (triu vng quay).
Vy chn m bo kh nng ti ng.
3.2.1.3. Kim nghim kh nng ti tnh

- Theo (11.19) ta c
Qt X o Fr Yo Fa 0,5.1599 0, 47.960 1251 N 1, 251 kN
XO = 0,5 , YO = 0,47 .(bng 11.6[1]).

Nh vy Qt Co = 25,2 kN.
Kh nng ti tnh ca c m bo.
3.2.2. Trc II
- S liu tnh:
s vng quay : n = 176 vg/ph.
41
Fx 20 4696; Fy 20 2407; Ft 20 Fx220 Fy220 5277 N
Fx 21 92; Fy 21 831; Ft 21 Fx220 Fy220 836 N

3.2.2.1. Chn loi ln
Fat Fa 22 Fa 23 1751 622 1129 N
- Lc dc trc:
Fa 1129
1,35 0,3
Fr 836
- Tnh h s dng bi - chn mt dy cho cc gi
0 v 1.
ng knh ngoi D = 100 mm, kh nng ti ng C = 48,1kN, kh nng ti
36o
tnh C0 = 37,7 kN. Gc tip xc

Fa 1129
0,029
C0 37700
- T s . Theo bng 11.4 [1] e = 0,95
Fs 0 eFr 0 0,95.5277 5013 N
Fs1 eFr1 0,95.836 794 N
F a0 Fs1 Fat 794 1129 1923 N Fs 0
Fa 0 Fs 0 5013N
Vy
F a1 Fs 0 Fat 5013 836 3884N Fs1
Fa1 Fa1 3884 N

Vy
Fa 0 5013
0,95 e
VFr 0 1.5277
X = 1, Y = 0 (bng 11.4 [1])
Fa1 3884
4,65 e
VFr1 1.836
X = 0,37, Y = 0,66 (bng 11.4 [1])
42
Q0 ( XVFr 0 YFa 0 ) Kt K d (1.5277. 0).1.1, 2 6332 N
Q1 ( XVFr1 YFa1 ) K t K d (0,37.1.836. 0, 66.3884).1.1, 2 3447 N
Trong
Kt = 1 (nhit t 1000C);
QE m
Q L i
m
i
Q1 m (
) ( ) ( )
45 13 31
QE 6332 3 0,83. 0, 43. 5349( N )
89 89 89
Vi bi c m = 3.

Cd QE 3 L 5,349. 3 228 32,68(kN) Cd 48,1 kN
60nL h 60.176.21600
L 6
228
10 106
Vi (triu vng quay).

Qt X o Fr Yo Fa 0,5.5277 0, 28.5013 4042 N
- Theo (11.19) ta c
XO = 0,5 , YO = 0,28 .(bng 11.6[1]).
3.2.3. Trc III
- S liu tnh:
S vng quay : n = 72,7 vg/ph.
43
Fx 30 5098; Fy 30 2668; Ft 30 Fx230 Fy230 5754 N
Fx 31 2781; Fy 31 3378; Ft 31 Fx231 Fy231 4375 N

3.2.3.1. Chn loi ln
Fat 1751 N
- Lc dc trc:
Fa 1751
0, 4 0,3
Fr 4375
- Tnh h s dng bi - chn mt dy cho cc gi 0
v 1.
ng knh ngoi D = 130 mm, kh nng ti ng C = 78,8kN, kh nng ti
12o
tnh C0 = 66,6 kN. Gc tip xc

Fa 1751
0,026
C0 66600
- T s . Theo bng 11.4 [1] e = 0,34
Fs 0 eFr 0 0,34.5754 1956 N
Fs1 eFr1 0,34.4375 1488 N
F a0 Fs1 Fat 1499 1751 263N Fs 0
Fa 0 Fs 0 1956 N
Vy
F a1 Fs 0 Fat 1956 1751 3707N Fs1
Fa1 Fa1 3707 N

Vy
Fa 0 1956
0,34 e
VFr 0 1.5754
X = 1, Y = 0 (bng 11.4 [1])
Fa1 3707
0,85 e
VFr1 1.4375
X = 0,45, Y = 1,62 (bng 11.4 [1])
44
Q0 ( XVFr 0 YFa 0 ) Kt K d (1.5754. 0).1.1, 2 4449 N
Q1 ( XVFr1 YFa1 ) K t K d (0, 45.1.4375. 1, 62.3707).1.1, 2 9569 N
Trong
Kt = 1 (nhit t 1000C);
QE m
Q L i
m
i
Q1 m (
) ( ) ( )
45 13 31
QE 9569 3 0,83. 0, 43. 8083( N )
89 89 89
Vi bi c m = 3.

Cd QE 3 L 8, 083. 3 94 36, 79(kN) Cd 78,8 kN
60nLh 60.72, 7.21600

L 6
94
10 106
Vi (triu vng quay).

- Theo (11.19) ta c
Qt X o Fr Yo Fa 0,5.4375 0, 47.3707 3910 N 3,91 kN
XO = 0,5 , YO = 0,47 .(bng 11.6[1]).

3.2.4. Bng chn ln cho cc trc
K hiu d,mm D,mm B,mm C,kN Co , kN
Trc I 46307 35 80 21 33,4 25,2
Trc II 46309 45 100 25 48,1 37,7
45
Trc III 46312 60 130 31 78,8 66,6
3.3. TNH TON NI TRC
T Tdc 1113837 Nmm

- M - men xon truyn qua ni trc:
- Chn vt liu cht ni trc l thp C45:
u 80 MPa
ng sut un cho php
d 4 MPa
ng sut dp gia cht v ng
H s ch lm vic k = 1,5
- Theo bng 16-10a v 16-10b [1], chn ni trc vng n hi c th truyn
moment trn vi cc thng s :
d 63 mm
.
D0 200 mm

d c 24 mm

l1 52 mm
;
l2 24 mm

l3 44 mm

l2
l0 l1 64 mm
2

Z 8
ai c M8 ;
- Kim tra bn un ca cht theo cng thc:
kTlo 1, 5.1113837.64
u 3
48,34( MPa) [ ]u 80( MPa )
0,1d c Do Z 0,1.243.200.8
- Kim nghim iu kin bn dp ca vng n hi

2kT 2.1,5.1113837
d 1,98( MPa) [ d ] 4( MPa )
ZDo d cl3 6.200.24.44
Do vy iu kin bn un v bn dp ca ni trc va chn c tha
46
CHNG 4 TNH CHN V HP V CC CHI TIT PH

4.1. TNH CHN V HP
- Nhim v ca v hp : m bo v tr tng i ca cc chi tit my v b phn

my, tip nhn ti trng do cc chi lp trn v hp tit truyn n, ng du bi
trn, bo v cc chi tit my trnh bi.
- Ch tiu c bn ca v hp gim tc l cng cao v khi lng nh.
- Hp gim bao gm: thnh hp, gn, mt bch, gi ,
- Vt liu dng c hp gim tc l gang xm GX 15-32
- Chn b mt ghp np v thn song song vi mt .
- Xc nh cc kch thc c bn ca v hp :
Tn gi Kch thc
Chiu dy
Thn hp, mm 13
Np hp, mm 1 12
Gn tng cng
Chiu dy, mm e 12
Chiu cao, mm h = 40
dc 2o
ng knh
Bulong nn, mm d1 18
47
Bulong cnh , mm d 2 12
Bulong ghp bch np v thn, mm d3 10
Vt ghp np , mm d4 6
Vt ghp np ca thm, mm d5 8
Mt bch ghp np v thn
Chiu dy bch thn hp, mm S3 22
Chiu dy bch np hp, mm S4 20
B rng bch np v thn, mm K 3 K 2 3 36
Mt hp
Chiu dy khi khng c phn li, mm S1 1,3 1,5 d1 26
B rng mt hp, mm K1 3d1 54
Kch thc gi trc
ng knh ngoi v tm l vt, mm Tra theo bng 18-2
48
B rng mt ghp bulong cnh , mm K 2 E2 R2 3 5 40
E2 1,6d2 20
Tm l bulong cnh , mm
R2 1,3d 2 15
Khe h gia cc chi tit
Gia bnh rng vi thnh trong hp, mm 1 1, 2 14
Gia nh bnh rng ln vi y hp, mm 1 3 5 40
Gia cc mt bn bnh rng vi nhau 10
S lng bulong nn 6
4.2. CC CHI TIT PH
4.2.1. Cht nh v
- m bo v tr tng i ca np v thn trc v sau khi gia cng cng nh

lp ghp, dng hai cht nh v. Nh c cht v, khi xit bu-lng khng lm
bin dng vng ngoi ca .
- Cht dnh v hnh cn c d = 8mm, c =1 v chiu di l = 40 mm.
4.2.2. Np ca thm
- kim tra, quan st cc chi tit quay trong hp khi lp ghp v du vo

trong hp, trn nh hp c lm np ca thm. Ca thm c y bng np.
Trn np c lp thm nt thng hi.
49
A(mm) B(mm) A1(mm) B1(mm) C(mm) K(mm) R(mm) Vt S.lg vt
100 75 150 100 125 87 12 M8x20 4
- Kch thc np ca thm tra bng 18.5 [1]:
4.2.3. Nt thng hi
- Khi lm vic nhit trong hp tng ln. gim p sut v iu ha khng
kh bn trong v bn ngoi hp, ta dng nt thng hi. V tr nt thng hi lp

trn np ca thm.
- Cc thng s trong bng 18.6 [1]:
A B C D E G H I K L M N O P Q R S
M27x 15 30 15 45 36 32 6 4 10 8 22 6 32 18 36 32
2
4.2.4. Nt tho du
50
- Sau mt thi gian lm vic, du bi trn cha trong hp b bn (do bi bm v
do ht mi), hoc b bin cht, do cn phi thay du mi. tho du c,
y hp c l tho du. Lc lm vic, l c bt kn bng nt tho du.
- Kt cu v kch thc nt tho du tra trong bng 18.7[1]:
D b m f L c q D S D0
M16x1,
12 8 3 23 2 13,8 26 17 19,6
5
4.2.5. Que thm du
- Dng kim tra du trong hp gim tc.V tr lp t nghing 450 so vi phng

thng ng, kch thc theo tiu chun
4.2.6. Vt vng
51
- nng v vn chuyn hp gim tc (khi gia cng hay lp ghp). Trn np lp
thm vt vng.
- Theo bng 18.3b[1] ta c khi lng gn ng ca hp gim tc l:
Vi, a1 x a2 = 130 x 195 => Q = 300 (kg). Chn vt vng M12
4.2.7. nh v trn trc
- Dng vng hm n hi nh v trn trc.

Vng n hi trn trc: d = 45 mm.
Vng n hi trn v hp: D = 80 mm.
- Vt liu lm vng l xo l thp C65, rn4050HRC.
4.2.8. Np
- Np thng c ch to bng gang xm GX 15 32, c hai loi np :

Np kn:
Np thng ( cho trc xuyn qua):
- Cc kch thc ca np hp tra theo kch thc ca gi trc:
Trc D, mm D2, mm D3, mm D4, mm h, mm d4, mm z
I 80 100 125 75 10 M8 6
II 100 120 150 90 12 M10 6
III 130 150 180 115 14 M10 6
D ng knh ngoi ca ;
D2 ng knh ng tm qua cc bulng ghp np .
D3 ng knh ngoi ca np; h chiu dy np
4.2.9. Lt kn b phn
52
- chn bi khng cho vo hp gim tc v du m chy ra trong ch cc
trc xuyn qua np ta lp vng pht trn cc trc.
- Hnh dng v kch thc ca vng pht bng 15-17[1]:
Trc d d1 d2 D a b S0
1 45 46 44 64 9 6,5 12
3 55 56,5 54 74 9 6,5 12
4.2.10.Vng chn du
- S dng vng chn du quay cng trc ngn du bi trn hoc cc tp cht
xm nhp vo .
53
CHNG 5 DUNG SAI V LP GHP
5.1. CHN KIU LP GHP
5.1.1. Dung sai ln
m s ng tm, s mn u v trnh bin dng cho cc vng qu mc,

ta chn dung sai lp ghp ln nh sau:
- Vng trong chu ti tun hon, lp trung gian c di. H thng lp ghp l
h thng l v l c bn l vng trong ln. Chn kiu lp k6.
- Vng ngoi khng quay nn chu ti cc b, ta lp c h. H thng lp l
h thng trc v trc c bn l vng ngoi ln. Ta chn kiu lp H7.
5.1.2. Lp ghp bnh rng trn trc
- Bnh rng lp ghp trn trc chu ti va, ti trng thay i, va p nh ta chn
kiu lp H8/k7.
5.1.3. Lp ghp then.
- Theo chiu rng ta chn kiu lp trn trc l P9/h9 v kiu lp trn bc l
Js9/h9.
- Theo chiu cao, sai lch gii hn kch thc then l h11.
- Theo chiu di, sai lch gii hn kch thc then l h14.
5.1.4. Lp ghp vng chn du ln trc
- d dng tho lp, ta chn kiu lp trung gian H7/js6.

5.1.5. Lp ghp np v thn hp
- d dng tho lp v iu chnh, ta chn kiu lp lng H7/e8.

5.1.6. Lp cht nh v
- m bo ng tm v khng b st, ta chn kiu lp cht P7/h6.
5.2. BNG DUNG SAI V LP GHP

54
5.2.1. Bng dung sai lp ghp then
Sai lch gii hn Chiu su rnh then

Kch chiu rng then
Trn trc, t1 Trn bc, t2
thc
then bh Trn trc Sai lch Sai lch
Trn bc t1 t2
gii hn gii hn
0, 015 0
10x8 5 +0,2 3,3 +0,2
0, 051 0, 043
0, 018 0
12x8 5 +0,2 3,3 +0,2
0, 061 0, 043
0, 018 0
14x9 5,5 +0,2 3,8 +0,2
0, 061 0, 043
0, 018 0
14x12 7 +0,2 4,9 +0,2
0, 061 0, 043
0, 018 0
18x11 7 +0,2 4,4 +0,2
0, 061 0, 043
0, 018 0
18x16 10 +0,2 6,4 +0,2
0, 061 0, 043
5.2.2. Bng dung sai lp ghp ca cc chi tit khc
Sai lch gii hn, m

Mi ghp
Kch thc
STT gia cc chi Trc Kiu lp L Trc
danh ngha
tit
ES EI es ei
1 Vng trong 1 +25 0 +18 +2

35 35H7/k6
vi trc
2 +25 0 +18 +2

45 45H7/k6
55
3 +30 0 +21 +2
60 60H7/k6

1 80 80H7/k6 +30 0 +21 +2
Vng ngoi
2 2 100 100H7/k6 +35 0 +25 +3
vi v hp
3 +40 0 +28 +3
130 130H7/k6

1 35 35H7/js6 +25 0 +8 -8
Vng chn
3 2 45 45H7/js6 +25 0 +8 -8
du vi trc
3 +30 0 +9,5 -9,5
60 60H7/js6

1 42 42H8/k7 +39 0 +27 +2
Bnh rng
4 2 50 50H8/k7 +39 0 +27 +2
vi trc
3 +46 0 +32 +2
60 60H8/k7

80H7/e8
1 80 +30 0 -60 -106

5 Np 2 100H7/e +35 0 -72 -126
100
8
3 +40 0 -85 -143
130
130H7/e8
-
6 Cht nh v 8 8P7/h6 -9 0 -9
24

1 35 35H7/js6 +25 0 +8 -8
7 Vng pht
3 +30 0 +9,5 -9,5
60 60H7/js6
56
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh, tp 1, 2

Nh xut bn gio dc 2013.
[2] L Khnh in - V k thut c kh, Nh xut bn i hc quc gia Tp.H

Ch Minh-2013.
[3] Nguyn Hu Lc Bi tp chi tit my, Nh xut bn i hc quc gia

Tp.H Ch Minh-2011.
[4] Nguyn Hu Lc C s thit k my, Nh xut bn i hc quc gia

Tp.H Ch Minh-2013.
[5] Nguyn Hu Lc Thit k c kh vi Autocad Machanical, Nh xut bn

i hc quc gia TP.H Ch Minh 2003.
[6] Trn Hu Qu - V k thut c kh, tp 1, Nh xut bn Gio dc - 2012
[7] Ninh c Tn Dung sai v lp ghp, Nh xut bn Gio Dc 2001.
57

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I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA

TP H CH MINH THNG 6/2016

H thng truyn ng l mt phn quan trng trng cc my cng tc, n gip cc my

n mn mn hc Chi tit my gip ta tm hiu v thit k cc b truyn c bn

Ni dung ch yu ca n l tnh ton thit k hp gim tc, mt b phn quan trng

Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c v cc bn trong khoa c kh gip em

Rt mong nhn c kin ca cc thy c v cc bn.

Sinh vin thc hin

- H thng dn ng xch ti gm:

t1 = 45s t2 = 13s t3 = 31s

CHNG 1 CHN NG C IN PHN PHI T S

1.1.1. Hiu sut chung cho ton b h thng

- Hiu sut truyn ng:

1.1.2. Cng sut cn thit cho b truyn

1.1.3. Tnh s vng quay s b ca ng c

Pdc Pct 8,16( kW )

1.2. PHN PHI T S TRUYN

1.3. C TNH K THUT CA B TRUYN NG

1.3.1. Tnh cng sut trn cc trc.

1.3.4. Bng c tnh k thut

Cng sut, kW 9,99 9,39 8,93 8,4 8,4

T s truyn u 2,47 3,3 2,42 1

S vng quay, vng/pht 1435 581 176 72,7 72,7

M-men xon, N.mm 66470 154412 484284 1113837 1113837

CHNG 2 THIT K CC B TRUYN

2.1.1. Chn loi ai

- Theo th 4.1[1] vi cng sut PI = 9,99 (kW). Vi s vng quay bnh dn n =

Kch thc tit din mm Din tch ng knh Chiu di

2.1.2. Xc nh cc thng s ca b truyn.

0,55 180 450 10,5 a 2 180 450

180 450 450 180

Cu = 1,14 v udt = 2,5 < 3

Thng thng b truyn nh c 2-3 ai nn ta chn Cz = 0,95

Theo bng 4.7 ta c K = 1,2

ng knh ngoi ca bnh ai:

2.1.4. Xc nh lc cng ban u v lc tc dng ln trc

- Lc cng ban u trn 1 ai tnh theo cng thc sau:

2.2. THIT K B TRUYN BNH RNG

2.2.1. Thng s ban u

- Thi gian phc v: L = 5 nm.

- Cp bnh rng cp nhanh (bnh rng tr rng nghing):

S vng quay: n = 581 vng/pht.

M men xon trn trc dn: T = 154412 (N.mm).

- Cp bnh rng cp chm ( bnh rng tr rng nghing).

S vng quay: n = 176 vng/pht.

M men xon trn trc dn: T = 484284 (N.mm).

2.2.2. Chn vt liu

Bnh ln: : thp 45 ti ci thin, t rn HB 192240,

2.2.3. Xc nh ng sut cho php

ng sut tip xc cho php:

Theo (6.12)[1] , ng sut tip xc cho php:

2.2.4. Tnh ton cp nhanh: B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing

2.2.4.1. Xc nh s b khong cch trc

Vi kt qu tnh c ta chn aw = 180mm.

2.2.4.2. Xc nh cc thng s n khp

2aw cos80 2a cos200

- S rng bnh ln: z2 = uz1 = 3,3.33 = 108,9. Chn z2 = 109

- Theo bng 6.5[1], ZM = 274MPa1/3;

Vy ng sut tip xc trn b mt rng:

- Xc nh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php:

2.2.4.4. Kim nghim bn un

- KF = KF.KF.KFV = 1,17.1,37.1,7 = 1,72

Theo bng 6.18[1], YF1 = 3,75 ; YF2 = 3,6