Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria
People People aged 18 or over with
non-valvular atrial fibrillation
with additional risk for stroke.
Intervention Use of a novel (non-vitamin K
antagonist) oral anticoagulant
including Factor X Inhibitors
and Thrombin Inhibitors.
Control Use of adjusted dose Warfarin,
according to the respective
countrys recommended protocol
for International Normalisation
Ratio (INR).
Outcomes Incidence of stroke and systemic
embolism.
Incidence of clinically relevant
bleeding event.
People aged less than 18.
People with valvular disease.
People who did not have an
additional risk factor for stroke.
Combined use of an antiplatelet
(eg aspirin) as main
intervention.
Use of anticoagulant other than
Warfarin.
Average time spent in
therapeutic range <50%.
Did not consider both outcomes
of stroke/systemic embolism
and major bleeding events.