Page 1 of 32

Chapter 15 Integration

Exercise 15A

1 10
= x +c
9
1 x dx
10
5 7
5x = x +c
6
2 dx
7
1 1/2 1 3/2
3 2 x= dx
3
x +c
8 7
8 x = x +c
6
4 dx
7
x +1 1 1
5 x3 = dx 2 + 3 dx
x x
= x + x dx
2 3

1 1
= +c
x 2x 2
( 4x + 1) ( x + =
2 ) dx 4x + x 2 + 8x + 2 dx
2 3
6
1 3
= x4 + x + 4x 2 + 2x + c
3
x 2
1 2x dx =
1/2
7 dx = x 4x1/2 + c
x
=
x4 x +c
x 4 6x 2 1 2
x 6 dx = x 6x dx = x + x 3 + c
2 4
8

( 2x + 1) dx = 4x + 4x + 1 dx= 5 x + 3 x + x + c
2 2 4 2 4 5 4 3
9

( x + 1)2 x +2 x +1
10 x dx = x
dx

= x + 2 + x 1/2 dx
1/2

2 3/2
= x + 2x + 2x1/2 + c
3
2
= x x + 2x + 2 x + c
3
(x 3 x ) dx = x 6x x + 9x dx.
2 2
11
= x 2 6x 3/2 + 9x dx
1 3 12 5/2 9 2
= x x + x +c
3 5 2
x + 6x
5 2
12 x7 = dx x 2 + 6x 5 dx

1 6
= x 4 + c
x 4

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 2 of 32

1 3
= 4 +c
x 2x
x +4
3

x 3 dx= 1 + 4x dx
3
13
4
= x x 2 + c
2
2
=x 2 + c
x
5
4x x 2 dx = 4x 5x dx
3 3 2
14
5
= x4 + + c
x
(x + 2) dx = x + 4x + 4 dx
2 2 4 2
15
1 5 4 3
= x + x + 4x + c
5 3
4 6 2 6
4x dx= 6 x + =c 3 x + c
5
16
7 4 3 4
7x 3x dx =4 x + 4 x + c
3 5
17
7 3
= x4 + 4 + c
4 4x
(4 + 2x) dx
3
18

16 + 3 (4) (2x) + 3 (4) (2x) + (2x) dx

= 2 2 3

16 + 96x + 48x + 8x dx
= 2 3

= 16x + 48 x 2 + 16x 3 + 2x 4 + c
(x 1) dx
3
19
= x 3x + 3x 1 dx
3 2

1 4 3
= x x3 + x 2 x + c
4 2
2
x + 1
20 x 2 dx
x 2 + 2x + 1
= dx
x4
1 2 1
= 2 + 3 + 4 dx
x x x
= x + 2x + x 4 dx
2 3

1 1 1
= 2 3 +c
x x 3x
21 (1 3x + x2)2 = (1 3x + x2) (1 3x + x2)
=1 3x + x 2 3x + 9x 2 3x 3 + x 2 3x 3 + x 4
= 1 6x + 11x2 6x3 + x4
(1 3x + x ) dx = 1 6x + 11x 6x + x dx
2 2 2 3 4

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 3 of 32

11 3 3 4 1 5
=x 3x 2 + x x + x +c
3 2 5
4
x + 6x + 10 x dx
3
22 2

= 4x + 6x + 10x
2 3 1/2
dx
4 3 4 20 3/2
= + x + x +c
x 2 3
6
4x + 3x x 3 dx
7 3
23

= 4x 7 + 3x 3 6x 3 dx
1 8 3 4 3
= x + x + 2 +c
2 4 x
x 2 + 4x
24 x dx
= x + 4x1/2 dx
3/2

2 5/2 8 3/2
= x + x +c
5 3
3 2
t 3 + t 2 dt = 3t + 2t dt
3 2
25
3 2 2 1
= t t +c
2 1
3 2
= +c
2t 2 t
dy
26 = 4x 3 8x + 2
dx
y = 4x 3 8x + 2 dx
y = x4 4x2 + 2x + c
x = 1, y = 0 0 = 1 4 + 2 + c
c=1
y = x4 4x2 + 2x + 1
dy
27 = 4x + 3
dx
=y 4x + 3 dx
y = 2x2 + 3x + c
x = 2, y = 1 1 = 8 + 6 + c
c = 13
y = 2x2 + 3x 13
dy 4t 3
28 = 3
dt t
4 3
= 2 3
t t
y = 4t 2 3t 3 dt
4 3
y= + 2 +c
t 2t

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 4 of 32

4 3
t = 2, y = 1 1 = + +c
2 2 (2)2
3
1 = 2 + + c
8
3 21
c=3 =
8 8
4 3 21
y= + 2 +
t 2t 8
dy 1
29 = x 6+ x
2

dx 2
1
y= x 2 6 + x dx
2
1 3 1
y= x 6x + x 2 + c
3 4
1 1
x = 1, y = 1 1 = 6 + + c
3 4
1 1
c =7
3 4
77
=
12
1 1 77
y = x 3 + x 2 6x +
3 4 12
du
30 = 4t 2 t
dt
=u 4t 2 t1/2 dt
4 2
u = t 3 t 3/2 + c
3 3
4 2
u = 1, t = 1 1 = + c
3 3
1
=c
3
4 2 1
u = t 3 t 3/2 +
3 3 3

Try these 15.1

1 (4x + 2)9 1
(4x + 2) = =+c (4x + 2)9 + c
8
(a) (i) dx
4 9 36
1
1 (3x + 5)3/ 2 2
(ii) 3x + 5 dx = (3x + 5) 2 dx =
3 32
+ c = (3x + 5)3/ 2 + c
9
1
1 (2x + 1)3/ 2 1
(iii) 2x + 1 dx = (2x + 1) 2 dx =
2 32
+ c = (2x + 1)3/ 2 + c
3
dy
(b) = (3x 1)6
dx

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 5 of 32

y = (3x 1)6 dx
1 (3x 1)7
=y +c
3 7
1
=
y (3x 1)7 + c
21
27
When x = 1, y = 1 =
1 +c
21
128
c= 1
21
107
=
21
1 107
Hence =
y (3x 1)7
21 21

Try these 15.2

(a) 4 sin x + 2 dx = 4 cos x + 2 + c
1
(b) cos 2 3x dx = 3 sin 2 3x +c

4
(c) 4 tan 3x + 2 dx = 3 l n sec 3x + 2 + c
3
(d) 3 cot (5x) dx = 5 ln sin 5x + c

Exercise 15 B

1
1 (a) sin 6x dx = 6 cos 6x + c
1
(b) cos 3x dx = 3 sin 3x + c
(c) 4=
cos 2x 2 sin 2x + c
2
2 sec= tan 3x + c
2
(d) 3x dx
3
1 1
(e) 2 cos 6x sin 4x dx = sin 6x + cos 4x + c
3 4
1
(f) cos 4x + cos2= 3x
dx cos 4x + sec 2 3x dx
1 1
= sin 4x + tan 3x + c
4 3
1 1
(g) sin 4x + cos 5x + 3 cos x dx = cos 4x + sin 5x + 3 sin x + c
4 5
1
(h) x 2 + 6 tan 2x dx = x 3 + 3ln | sec 2x| + c
3

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 6 of 32

1
x x
3
(i) 3
sec 2 ( 2 x)=
dx sec 2 ( 2x) dx
1 1
= 2 tan ( 2 x) + c
2x 2
4
4sec (6x= + 9) tan (6x + 9) + c
2
(j)
6
2
= tan (6x + 9) + c
3
1
2 (a) sin (3x 1) dx = cos (3x 1) + c
3
1
(b) cos= (2x + 3) dx sin (2x + 3) + c
2
1
(c) tan 3 4x dx = ln sec 4x + c
4 3
3 3
sec x dx= tan x + c
2
(d)
4 4
7
(e) 7 cos (6x + 9)
= dx
6
sin (6x + 9) + c

3
(f) 6 sin (4x =
6) dx
2
cos (4x 6) + c

8 sec (8x =) dx tan (8x ) + c

2
(g)
1
(h) cos qx dx =
+ sin qx + c
q
1
(i) sin (px + ) dx = p cos (px + ) + c
1
(j) tan (4 rx) dx =
ln | sec (4 rx) | + c
r
1
(3t + 1) =(3t + 1)7 + c
6
3 (a) dt
21
1 1
(1 4t) dt = (1 4t)4 + c
3
(b)
4 4
1
= (1 4t)4 + c
16
1 (2t + 7)3 1

4
(c) (2t + =
7) =
+c (2t + 7) 3 + c
2 3 6
1 2
6t 1 dt = (6t 1) dt =6 3 (6t 1) + c
1/2 3/2
(d)
1
= (6t 1)3 / 2 + c
9
4
(e) 2 3t= dt 4 (2 3t) 1/ 2 dt

4 (2 3t)1/ 2
= +c
3 12

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 7 of 32

8
= (2 3t)1/ 2 + c
3
4
(f) = dt 4 (7 6t) 1/ 2 dt
7 6t
4 (7 6t)1/ 2
= +c
6 12
4
= (7 6t)1/ 2 + c
3
6 6
7 (3t 1)= 7
(g) 3
dt (3t 1) 3 dt

6 1 (3t 1) 2
= +c
7 3 2
1
= (3t 1) 2 + c
7
2
(h) = dt 2 (4t 3) 5 dt
(4t 3) 5

2
(4t 3) 4
= 4 +c
4
1
= (4t 3) 4 + c
8
1
= +c
8 (4t - 3) 4
3 (6t 4)9
(i) 3(6t=
4)8 dt
6 9
+c

1
= (6t 4)9 + c
18
dy 1
4 =
dx (3x + 2) 4

(3x + 2)
4
=y dx
1 (3x + 2)3
=y +c
3 3
1
=y +c
9 (3x + 2)3
1
x = 0, y = 2
= 2 +c
9 (8)
1
c= 2 +
72
145
=
72
Equation of the curve is
1 145
y= 3
+
9 (3x + 2) 72

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 8 of 32

dx
5 = cos 2t
dt 4

=x cos 2t dt
4
1
x= + sin 2t + c
2 4

x = 1, t =
4
1
=1 sin + c
2 4
2
c= 1
4
1 2
x
= sin 2t + 1
2 4 4
dy
6 = x (3 + 4x)
dx
=y 3x + 4x 2 dx
3 2 4 3
y= x + x +c
2 3
3 4
x = 1, y = 2 2 = + +c
2 3
5
c=
6
3 2 4 3 5
y= x + x
2 3 6
3 4 5
x = 2, y = a a = ( 2)2 + ( 2)3
2 3 6
32 5
a =6
3 6
11
=
2

Try these 15.3

sin x dx = sin x (sin x) dx

5 2 2
(a)
= sin x (1 cos x) dx 2 2

= sin x (1 2 cos x + cos x) dx

2 4

= sin x 2 sin x cos x + sin x cos x dx

2 4

2 1
=
cos x + cos3 x cos5 x + c
3 5
cos x dx = cos x cos4 x dx
5
(b)

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 9 of 32

= cos x (1 sin x) dx
2 2

= cos x (1 2 sin x + sin x) dx

2 4

= cos x 2 cos x sin x + cos x sin x dx

2 4

2 3 1
=
sin x sin x + sin 5 x + c
3 5
2
1 + cos2x 1 + cos2x
= 2 dx, cos x
=
4 2
(c) cos x dx
2
1
= (1 + 2 cos2x + cos2 2x) dx
4
1 1 + cos4x
=
4 1 + 2 cos 2x +
2
dx

1 3 1
= + 2 cos 2x + cos 4x dx
4 2 2
1 3 1
= x + sin2x + sin 4x + c
4 2 8

Try these 15.4

tan x dx = tan x tan x dx

4 2 2
(a)
= tan x (sec x 1) dx
2 2

= tan x sec x tan x dx

2 2 2

= tan x sec x (sec x 1) dx

2 2 2

tan 3 x
= tan x x + c
3
tan x dx tan x (sec x 1) dx
(b) = 5 3 2

= (tan x sec x tan x) dx

3 2 3

= tan x sec x tan x (sec x 1) dx

3 2 2

= tan x sec x sec x tan x + tan x dx

3 2 2

1 1
= tan 4 x tan 2 x + ln sec x + c
4 2

Try these 15.5

1
(a) (cos 6x sin
= 3x) dx
2
(sin 9x sin3x) dx

1 1 1
= cos9x + cos 3x + c
2 9 3
1
(b) (cos8x=cos2x) dx
2
(cos 10x + cos 6x) dx

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 10 of 32

11 1
= sin 10 x + sin 6x + c
2 10 6
1
(c) (sin 10x sin x) dx = (cos 11x cos 9x) dx
2
11 1
= sin (11x) sin (9x) + c
2 11 9

Exercise 15 C

4
1
1
f (x) dx = 8
1 4
(a) 4
f (x) dx =
f (x) dx = 8
1

4
(b) 5f(x)=
dx 5=
(8) 40
1

f(x) dx + 4 x dx + f(x) dx
3 3 4
(c)
1 1 3

[
4

3
= f(x) dx + 2x 2
1 1
= 8 + (18 2)
= 8 + 16
= 24
6
2
1
g (x) dx = 12
6
(a) 2 g(x)
= dx 2=
(12) 24
1
6
(b) 1
3 g (x) + 5 dx

= 3 g (x) dx + 5 dx
6 6

1 1

= 3[12] + [ 5x 1
6

= 36 + (30 5)
= 36 + 25
= 61
1 6
(c) g (x) dx =
6
g (x) dx =
12
1
6
(d) [g (x) + Kx] dx =
1
47
6 6
g (x) dx + K x dx =
1
47
1
6
Kx 2
12 + =
47
2 1
1
18K K = 35
2
35K
= 35
2
K=2
4 4
f (x) dx 10,
3=
0
= g (x) dx 6 0

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 11 of 32

4
(a) [f (x) + 3g (x)] dx
0

f (x) dx + 3 g (x) dx
4 4
=
0 0

= 10 + 3(6) = 28

4
(b) f(x) f(x) dx cannot be evaluated
0

f(x) dx + g(x) dx = f (x)dx g (x)dx

4 0 4 4
(c)
0 4 0 0

= 10 6
=4
4 4 4
(d) 0
3 dx 2 g (x) dx + 3 dx
2g (x) +=
0 0

= 2 (6) + [3x ]0
4

= 12 + 3(4) = 24

5
(e) g(x) dx cannot be evaluated
0

4 y = x (1 + x2)
dy 1
= (1 + x 2 )1/ 2 + x (2x) (1 + x 2 )1/ 2
dx 2
x2
=
(1 + x 2 )1/ 2 +
1 + x2
1 + x2 + x2
=
1 + x2
1 + 2x 2
=
1 + x2
d 1
1 + 2x 2
Since [x (1 + x 2 ) 2 ] =
dx 1 + x2
Integrating both sides wrt x from 0 to 1
1
1
1 1 + 2x
2
x (1 + x 2 ) 2 =
0
0 1 + x 2 dx
1 1 + 2x
2

0 1 + x 2 dx
21/ 2 =

1 3 + 6x 2

3 3 2 =
0 (1 + x 2 )1/ 2
dx

5 y = (1 + 4x) 3/2
dy 3
= (1 + 4x)1/ 2 (4)
dx 2
= 6 (1 + 4x) 1/2
d
Since [(1 + 4x)3/ 2 ] =
6 (1 + 4x)1/ 2
dx
Integrating both sides wrt x from 0 to 1
1
3
1
(1 + 4x) 2 = 6 (1 + 4x)
1/ 2
dx
0
0

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 12 of 32

3 1
1

1
[5 2 1] = (1 + 4x) 2 dx
6 0
1
1
(5 5 1)= (1 + 4x) 2 dx
1

6 0

sin x
6 y=
1 + cos x
dy (1 + cos x) cos x sin x ( sin x)
=
dx (1 + cos x) 2
cos x + cos2 x + sin 2 x
=
(1 + cos x)2
1 + cos x
=
(1 + cos x)2
1
=
1 + cos x
d sin x 1
1 + cos x = 1 + cos x
dx
/ 4
/ 4 1 sin x
dx =

0 1 + cos x 1 + cos x 0

/ 4
sin
1
dx = 4
0 1 + cos x
1 + cos
4
2
2 2 2 2
= 2 = =
2 2+ 2 2+ 2 2 2
1+
2
2 2 2
= = 2 1
2
x +1
7 y=
2 3x
dy (2 3x) (1) (x + 1) ( 3)
=
dx (2 3x) 2
2 3x + 3x + 3
=
(2 3x) 2
5
=
(2 3x) 2
d x +1 5
=
dx 2 3x (2 3x) 2
1/ 2
x +1 1/ 2 1
= 5 dx
2 3x 0 0 (2 3x) 2
3 / 2 1 1/ 2 1
= 5 dx
2 3 / 2
2 0 (2 3x) 2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 13 of 32

5 1 1 1

1/ 2
= dx =
2 5 0 (2 3x) 2
2
8 2 sin 5 cos = sin (5 + ) + sin (5 )
= sin 6 + sin 4
/4
/4 /4 1 1
0 2 sin 5 cos d =
0
(sin 6 + sin 4) d = cos 6 cos 4
6 4 0
1 6 1 4 1 1
= cos cos cos 0 cos 0
6 4 4 4 6 4
1 1 1 2
= + + =
4 6 4 3
9 2 sin 7 cos 3 = sin (7 + 3) + sin (7 3)
= sin (10) + sin (4)

/ 6
0
6
2 sin 7 cos
= 3 d
0
(sin 10 + sin 4) d

1 1 6
= cos 10 cos 4
10 4 0
1 10 1 4 1 1
= cos cos cos 0 cos 0
10 6 4 6 10 4
1 1 1 1 17
= + + + =
20 8 10 4 40
/2
10
4
(cos 6 cos 2) d

2 cos 6 cos 2 = cos (6 + 2) + cos (6 2)

= cos 8 + cos 4


1 1 1 1 2

4
2
cos 6 cos
= 2 d
2
4
2
cos 8 + cos 4 d = sin 8 + sin 4
2 8 4
4

1 1 1 1 1
= 8 sin 4 + 4 sin 2 8 sin 2 + 4 sin
2
=0

11 0
2
2 sin 5 sin d
2 sin 5 sin = cos (5 + ) cos (5 )
= cos6 cos 4
2 sin 5 sin = cos 4 cos 6
/ 2
1 1
2
2 sin 5 sin
= d ) d sin 4 sin 6
cos 4 cos 6= 2
0 0
4 6 0
1 1 1 1
= sin 2 sin 3 sin 0 sin 0
4 6 4 6
=0
12 2 sin 5 sin 3 = cos (5 + 3) cos (5 3)
= cos 8 cos 2
2 sin 5 sin 3 = cos 8 + cos 2
/ 2
/ 2 / 2 1 1
/3
2 sin 5 sin 3 d = /3 cos 8 + cos 2 d = 8 sin 8 + 2 sin 2 /3
Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013
 Page 14 of 32

1 1 1 8 1 2
= sin 4 + sin sin + sin
8 2 8 3 2 3
3 3 3 3
= =
16 4 16
13 2 cos7 cos3 = cos (7 + 3) + cos (7 3) = cos10 + cos4
1 1
cos 7 cos 3 = cos 10 + cos 4
2 2
/12
/12 /12 1 1 1 1
0 (cos 7 cos 3 ) d = 0 2 cos 10 +
2
cos 4 d = 20

sin 10 +
8
sin 4
0
1 10 1 4 1 3
= sin + sin = +
20 12 8 12 40 16
/ 2 / 2
14 sin x dx = [ cos x ]
0 0

= cos + cos 0 = 1
2
3 / 2
3 / 2 1
15 0 sin 3x dx =
3

cos 3x
0
1 9 1 1
= cos + =
3 2 3 3
/4
[ x + sin x ]0
/ 4
16 0
(1 + cos x) dx.=

2
=+ sin =+
4 4 4 2
/ 4
/4 1
17 0 cos 2x dx = 2

sin 2x
0
1 1
= = sin
2 2 2
/ 2
/2 1
18 0
cos 4x dx = sin 4x
4 0
1
= sin 2 = 0
4
/ 2
/2 1
0 cos 7x=
19 + dx sin 7x +
2 7 2 0
1 8 1
= sin sin
7 2 7 2
1
=
7
/ 2 1 / 2 1 cos 2x
0 sin = 2 0
1 cos 4x dx using sin 2 x =
2
20 2x dx
2

/2
1 1
= x 4 sin 4x
2 0
1 1
= sin 2
2 2 4

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 15 of 32

=
4
/ 4 1 / 4 1 + cos 2x
21 0
=
cos 2 4x dx
2
0
1 + cos 8x dx using cos 2 x =
2
/4
1 1 1 + cos 8x
= x + 8 sin 8x using cos 2 4x =
2 0 2

1 1
= + sin 2
2 4 8

=
8
/ 2
22 0
cos 2 6x dx
1 / 2
2 0
= 1 + cos 12x dx
/2
1 1
= x + sin 12x
2 12
0
1 1
= + sin 6
2 2 12

=
4
2 x
/2
23 0 sin 2 dx
1 / 2
2 0
= 1 cos x dx

[ x sin x ] 0
1 /2
=
2
1
= sin
2 2 2
1
= 1
2 2
/3
24
6
tan 2 (2x) dx
/3

6
[sec 2 (2x) 1] dx
/3
1
= tan (2x) x
2
6

1 2 1 2
= tan tan
2 3 3 2 6 6
3 3
= +
2 3 2 6

=
3
6

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 16 of 32

4
25 (a)
1
4x 6 x dx
4
= 1
4x 6x1/2 dx
4
= 2x 2 4x 3/2
1

= [32 4 ( 4)3 ] [2 4]
=2
4 4
(b) 1 2 x x dx
4
= 1
2x1/2 4x 1/2 dx
4
4
= x 3/2 8x1/2
3 1
4 4
= (8) 16 8
3 3
32 48 4 24
= +
3 3 3 3
4
=
3
0 4
26 (a) 1 1 3x dx
0
= 1
4 (1 3x) 1/ 2 dx
0
4
= 2 (1 3x)1/ 2
3 1
8
= [1 2]
3
8
=
3
1 + 4x dx = (1 + 4x)1/ 2 dx
2 2
(b)
0 0
2
1 2
= (1 + 4x)3/ 2
4 3 0
1 3/ 2 1 13
= [9 =1] =
(26)
6 6 3
27 cos 3x = cos (2x + x)
= cos 2x cos x sin 2x sin x
= (2 cos2x 1) cos x 2 sin2x cos x
= 2 cos3x cos x 2 cos x (1 cos2x)
= 2 cos3x cos x 2 cos x + 2 cos3x
= 4 cos3x 3 cos x
4 cos3x = cos3x + 3 cos x
1 3
=
cos3x cos3x + cos x
4 4
/ 2 / 2 1 3
/ 4 cos x dx = / 4 4 cos 3x + 4 cos x dx
3

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 17 of 32

/ 2
1 3
= sin 3x + sin x
12 4 / 4
1 3 3 1 3 3
= sin + sin sin + sin
12 2 4 2 12 4 4 4
1 3 2 3 2 2 2 1
= + = + = (2 + 2)
12 4 24 8 3 3 3
5
28 (a) 1
(3x + 1) 1/ 2 dx
5
2
= (3x + 1)1/ 2
3 1
2 1/ 2
= [16 41/ 2 ]
3
2 4
= [4 2]=
3 3
/2
(b) 0
(sin 3x cos 2x) dx
/ 2
1 1
=
3 cos 3x 2 sin 2x
0
1 3 1 1
= cos sin
3 2 2 3
1
=
3
9
29 (a) 1
(1 + 7x) 1/3 dx
9
1 (1 + 7x) 2/3
=
7 2 / 3 1
3
= [642/3 82/3 ]
14
3
= [16 4]
14
18
=
7
15
(b) 4
(x 3) 3/ 2 dx
15
2 (x 3) 1/ 2
=
4

1
=
2 1
12
12 3
=
2 = 2
6 3
30 sin 3x = sin (2x + x)
= sin 2x cos x + cos 2x sin x
= 2 sin x cos2x + (1 2 sin2x) sin x
= 2 sin x [1 sin2x] + sin x 2 sin3x
= 2 sin x 2 sin3x + sin x 2 sin3x
= 3 sin x 4 sin3x

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 18 of 32

4 sin3x = 3 sin x sin 3x

/ 4 / 4

0
4 sin 3 x dx =
0
3 sin x sin 3x dx
/ 4
1
= 3 cos x + 3 cos 3x
0
1 3 1
= 3 cos + cos 3 +
4 3 4 3
3 2 2 1 5 8 1
= +3 = 2+ = (8 5 2)
2 6 3 3 3 3

Exercise 15 D

x (x 3 + 1) dx
2
1
u = x3 + 1
du = 3x2 dx
1
du = x 2 dx
3
1
x (x 3 + 1)3 dx = u du
2

3
1 2
= u +c
6
1 3
= (x + 1) 2 + c
6
x +1
2 (6x 2 + 12x + 5)4 dx
u = 6x2 + 12x + 5
du
= 12x + 12
dx
1
du= (x + 1) dx
12
(6x2 + 12x + 5)4 = u4
x +1 1 1
(6x 2 + 12x + 5)4 dx = 12 u4 du
1
12
= u 4 du

1 u 3
= +c
12 3
1
=
+c
12u3
1
=
+c
12 (6x + 12x + 5)3
2

cos
4
3 x sin x dx
u = cos x
du = sin x dx
du = sin x dx

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 19 of 32

cos4x = u4
cos x sin x dx = u du
4 4

u5
= +c
5
cos5 x
= +c
5
cos 4x sin 4x dx
3
4
u = sin 4x
du = 4 cos4x dx
1
du = cos 4x dx
4
1 3
cos 4x sin 4
3
4x dx = u du
1 4
= u +c
16
1
= sin 4 (4x) + c
16
6x
5 3x + 1 dx
u = 3x + 1
du = 3 dx
1
du = dx
3
Since 3x = u 1
6x = 2u 2
6x
3x + 1 dx
1 2u 2
= du
3 u
2 1/2
3
= u u 1/2 du

2 2 3/2
= u 2u1/2 + c
3 3
4 4
= (3x + 1)3 / 2 (3x + 1)1/ 2 + c
9 3
1 x
6 0 (7x + 2)3 dx
u = 7x + 2
du = 7dx
1
du = dx
7
7x = u 2
u2
x=
7
(7x + 2)3 = u3
When x = 0, u = 2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 20 of 32

x = 1, u = 9
u2
x 1 9 7
0 (7x + 2)3 dx = 7 2 u3 du
1

1 9 2
49 2
= u 2u 3 ) du
9
1 1 1
= +
49 u u 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
= + +
49 9 81 2 4
1 8 1
= +
49 81 4
1
=
324
/ 4
7
0
tan 3 x sec 2 x dx
u = tan x
du = sec2x dx
tan3x = u3

x = , u = tan = 1
4 4
x = 0, u = tan 0 = 0
1
/ 4 1 1 4 1
u du
tan 3 xsec 2 x dx == =
3
u
0 0
4 0 4
/4
8 0
2 sin 4 x cos x dx
u = sin x
du = cos x dx
sin4x = u4
2
x = , u = sin =
4 4 2
x = 0, u = sin 0 = 0
/4
2 sin 4 x cos x dx = 2
2 /2
u 4 du
0 0
2 /2
2
= u5
5 0
5
2 2 4 2 2 2
= = =
5 2 5 32 20
x+21
9
0 x +1
dx

u=x+1
du = dx
u+1=x+2
x +=1 = u u1/2
x = 1, u = 2
x = 0, u = 1

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 21 of 32

x+2

1
dx
0
x +1
2 u +1
= du
1
u
2
=
1
u1/2 + u -1/2 du
2
2
= u 3/2 + 2u1/2
3 1
4 2
= 2 + 2 2 + 2
3 3
10 2 8
=
3 3
/3
10 /4
sin 2 x cos x dx
u = sin x
du = cos x dx
sin2x = u2
3
x= = =
, u sin
3 3 2
2
x= = =
, u sin
4 4 2
3/2
1
3
/3
sin x cos x dx =
2 2
u du = u 3
2
/ 4
3
2
2 2 /2
3 3
1 3 1 2
=
3 2 3 2
13 3 2 3 2
= =
3 8 12 8 12
3 32 2
=
24
(3 3 2 2) (3 3 + 2 2)
=
24(3 3 + 2 2)
27 8 19
= =
24 (3 3 + 2 2) 24 (3 3 + 2 2)
x cos x
2
11 (a) du
2
u=x
du = 2x dx
1
du = x dx
2
cos x2 = cos u
1 1
x cos x 2
cos u du = sin u + c
2
dx =
2
1
= sin x 2 + c
2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 22 of 32

x
2
(b) sin (x 3 ) dx
u = x3
du = 3x2 dx
1
du = x 2 dx
3
1
x 3
2
sin x 3 dx = sin u du
1
= cos u + c
3
1
= cos x 3 + c
3
2 3x
(c) (4 + x)4 dx
u=x+4
du = dx
x=u4
2 3x = 2 3 (u 4) = 14 3u
2 3x 14 3u
(4 + x)4 dx = u4 du
= 14u 3u -3 du
-4

14 3
= + 2 +c
3u 3
2u
14 3
=
3
+ +c
3 (x + 4) 2 (x + 4)2

Exercise 15 E

dy
1 = 6x 2 4
dx
=y 6x 2 4 dx
y = 2x3 4x + c
x = 1, y = 2 2 = 2 4 + c
c=4
y = 2x3 4x + 4
dy
2 (a) = px 5
dx
px 5 = 4
x=33p=9
p=3
dy
= 3x 5
dx
(b) y = 3x 5 dx
3 2
y= x 5x + c
2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 23 of 32

27
x = 3, y = 2 2= + 15 + c
2
3 1
c=2 =
2 2
3 2 1
y= x 5x +
2 2
dy 6
3 =
dx 4x + 1
y = 6 (4x + 1)-1/2 dx
6 (4x + 1)1/ 2
y= +c
4 12
y = 3 (4x + 1)1/2 + c
x = 2, y = 6 6 = 3(9) 1/2 + c
c=3
y = 3 (4x + 1)1/2 3
x = 6, y = h h = 3 (25)1/2 3
= 15 3 = 12
dy 2
4 = 3x 2 + 2
dx x
y = 3x 2 + 2x 2 dx
2
y = x3 +c
x
x = 1, y = 4 4 = 1 2 + c
c=5
2
y = x3 + 5
x
dy
5 = 1 + 8x
dx
y = (1 + 8x)1/2 dx
1 (1 + 8x)3/ 2
y= +c
8 32
1
y = (1 + 8x)3 / 2 + c
12
1
x = 3, y ==8 8 (25)3/ 2 + c
12
125
=8 +c
12
29
c=
12
1 29
y = (1 + 8x)3/ 2
12 12
dy
6 = (4x 6)3
dx
y = (4x 6)3 dx

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 24 of 32

1 (4x 6) 4
y= +c
4 4
1
y = (4x 6) 4 + c
16
1
x = 1, y = 2 2 = (16) + c
16
c=1
1
y = (4x 6) 4 + 1
16
dy 4
7 = 1 2
dx x
y = 1 4x 2 dx
4
y= x+ +c
x
x = 4, y = 6 6 = 4 + 1 + c
c=1
4
y = x + +1
x
dy
8 = 4x 3 2x + 1
dx
y = 4x 3 2x + 1 dx
y = x4 x2 + x + c
x = 4, y = 5 5 = 44 42 + 4 + c
c = 239
y = x4 x2 + x 239
9 f (x) = 3x 3 + 6x 2 - 2x + k
f (x) = 3x + 6x 2 2x + k dx
3

3 4
f (x) = x + 2x 3 x 2 + kx + c
4
x = 0, f (x) = 4 4 = c
3
x = 1, f (1) = 2 2 = + 2 1 + k + 4
4
3 31
k =25 =
4 4
3 4 31
f (x) = x + 2x 3 x 2 x + 4
4 4
dy
10 = 2x 4 + 3x 3
dx
y = 2x 4 + 3x 3 dx
2 5 3 4
y= x + x +c
5 4
64
x = 2, y = 2 2= + 12 + c
5
10 64 60
c=
5 5 5

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 25 of 32

134
=
5
2 3 134
y = x5 + x 4
5 4 5

Review Exercise 15

9
1 f (x) dx = 42
1

9
(a) 6f (x) dx = (42) (6) = 252
1

(f (x) 4) dx = f (x) dx 4 dx
9 9 9
(b)
1 1 1

= 42 [4x]19
= 42 [36 4] = 10

3
2 g (x) dx = 12
0

3
(a) 5g (x) dx = 5 (12) = 60
0

g (x) + 2] dx = g (x) dx + 2 dx
3 3 3
(b)
0 0 0

= 12 + [2x]30 = 12 + 6 = 18
(c) [g (x) + x] dx = (
3
0 3

0
3
g (x) dx + x dx
0 )
3
1
= 12 x 2
2 0
9 33
= 12 =
2 2
2 t + 4t
3 2
2
1 t 6 dt = 1 t + 4t dt
-3 -4
3

1
2
4
= 2 3
2t 3t 1
1 1 1 4
=
8 6 2 3
37
=
24
(x + 1) (2x 3) dx
1
4
0
1
= 2x x 3 dx
2
0
1
2 1
= x 3 x 2 3x
3 2 0
2 1
= 3
3 2
17
=
6

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 26 of 32

(4x 1)
1/ 2
5 (a) dx
1 (4x -1)3/ 2
= +c
4 32
1
= (4x - 1)3 / 2 + c
6
4 (2 3t) dt
1/ 2
(b)
1 (2 3t)
1/ 2
= 4 +c
3 12
8
= 2 3t + c
3
/ 2 1 / 2
1 + cos ( 4x ) dx
/ 4 cos (2x) 2 / 4
6 2
= dx
/2
1 1
= x + sin 4x
2 4 / 4
1 1 1
= + sin 2 + sin
2 2 4 4 4
1
= =
2 4 8
1 1 1
7 (a) sin 6x cos 4x dx = 2 sin 10x + sin 2x dx = 20 cos 10x 4 cos 2x + c
using 2 sin 6x cos 4x = sin 10x + sin 2x
1 1 1 1
(b) sin 8x sin 4x dx = 2 cos 12x + 2 cos 4x dx = 24 sin 12x + 8 sin 4x + c
using 2 sin 8x sin 4x = cos 12x cos 4x
1 1
sin 8x sin 4x = cos 12x + cos 4x
2 2
x
8 y=
1 + 2x
dy (1 + 2x) (x) (2)
=
dx (1 + 2x) 2
1
=
(1 + 2x) 2
x
d 1
Since =
1 + 2x (1 + 2x)
2
dx
x 1
+c= dx
1 + 2x (1 + 2x) 2
d cos x
d
9 [cot x] =
dx sin x
dx
sin x ( sin x) (cos x) cos x
=
sin 2 x
[sin 2 x + cos2 x]
=
sin 2 x

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 27 of 32

1
= = cosec 2 x
sin 2 x
d
[cot 2x] = 2 cosec 2 (2x)
dx
cot2 2x = cosec22x 1
1
cot 2x dx = cosec 2 2x 1 dx = cot 2x x + c
2

2
/2 / 2
(sin x + cos x) dx
= sin 2 x + 2 sin x cos x + cos 2 x dx
2
10
0 0
/ 2
= 0
1 + sin 2x dx
/ 2
1
= x cos 2x
2 0
1 1
= cos
2 2 2
1 1
= + + = +1
2 2 2 2
x
11 y=
1 + x2
dy (1 + x 2 ) (x) (2x)
=
dx (1 + x 2 ) 2
1 x2
=
(1 + x 2 )2
d x 1 x2
Since 2
=
dx 1 + x (1 + x 2 ) 2
4x 4 4x 2

1 + x2
+ c = (1 + x 2 )2 dx
d
12 [x sin x] = x cos x + sin x
dx

Integrate both sides from 0 to
4
/4
[ x sin x ]0 =
/4
x cos x + sin x dx
0

/4 /4

4

sin =
4 0
x cos x dx + sin x dx
0

2 /4
=
8 0
x cos x dx + [ cos x]0/4

2 / 4
= x cos x dx + cos + cos 0
8 0
4
/ 4 2 2
0
x cosx dx =
8
+
2
1
x
13 (a) y=
x + 32
2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 28 of 32

dy (x 2 + 32) x (2x)
=
dx (x 2 + 32) 2
32 x 2
=
(x 2 + 32) 2
1
1 32 x 2 x
(b) 0 (x 2 + 32)2 dx = x 2 + 32
0

1
=
33
2x
14 f (x) =
1 3x
(1 3x) (2) 2x ( 3)
f (x) =
(1 3x) 2
1
=
(1 3x) 2
d 2x 1
=
dx 1 3x (1 3x) 2
1
2x 1 1
=
1 3x 0
0 (1 3x) 2
dx

1
1 =
1
dx
0 (1 3x)2

6
6 =
1
dx
0 (1 3x)2

x
15 y=
(2x + 3)1/2
2

1
(2x 2 + 3)1/ 2 x (4x) (2x 2 + 3) 1/ 2
dy
= 2
dx 2x 2 + 3
2x 2
2x 2 + 3
2x 2 + 3
=
2x 2 + 3
3
=
(2x + 3)3 / 2
2

2x 6
+c= dx
(2x + 3)
2 1/ 2
(2x + 3)3/2
2

5x
16 y= 2
3x + 1
dy (3x 2 + 1) (5) 5x (6x)
=
dx (3x 2 + 1) 2
5 15x 2
=
(3x 2 + 1)2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 29 of 32

d 5x 5 (1 3x 2 )
=
dx 3x 2 + 1 (3x 2 + 1) 2
1
x 1 1 3x
2
2
= dx
3x + 1 0 0 (1 + 3x )
2 2

1 1 3x
2
1
4 0 (1 + 3x 2 ) 2
= dx

dy
17 (a) = 4x 3 6x + 2
dx
y = 4x 3 6x + 2 dx
y = x4 3x2 + 2x + c
x = 1, y = 5 5 = 1 3 + 2 + c
c=5
y = x4 3x2 + 2x 5
(b) when x = 2, y = 24 3 (2)2 + 2 (2) 5
= 16 12 + 4 5
=3
dy
= 4 (2)3 6 (2) += 2 22
dx
Equation of the tangent at (2, 3) is
y 3 = 22 (x 2)
y = 22x 41
3
x
18 124 1 x 2 dx
u = 1 x2
du = 2x dx
1
du = x dx
2
3 9 7
x = , u =1 =
4 16 16
1 1 3
x = , u =1 =
2 4 4
1
u -1/2 du
7 /16

2 3/4
7/16
= u
3/ 4

7 3
= +
16 4
= 0.205
1 x2
19 0
4 x2
dx

x = 2 sin
dx = 2 cos d
4 x 2 = 4 4 sin 2
= 4(1 sin 2 )

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 30 of 32

= 4 cos=
2
2 cos
x2 = 4 sin2
when x = 0 sin = 0, = 0
1
x = 1, sin= , =
2 6
2
x

1
dx
0
4 x2
/6 4 sin 2
0 2 cos
(2 cos ) d

/4
0
4 sin 2 d
/ 4 1 cos 2
0 4 2 d
=
/ 4
= 2 1 cos 2 d
0
/ 4
1
= 2 sin 2
2 0
1
= 2
4 2

= 1
2
dy 8
20 =
dx (4x 5) 2
y = 8 (4x 5) 2 dx
2
y= +c
4x 5
2
x = 2, y = 6 =
6 +c
3
20
c=
3
20 2
y=
3 4x 5
2 20
y=0 =
4x 5 3
3
= 4x 5
10
3
4x = 5
10
53
x=
40
53
, 0
40

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 31 of 32

sin 3 x
21 (1 + cos x)4 dx
u = 1 + cos x
du = sin x dx
sin2x = 1 cos2x
= 1 (u 1)2
= 1 u2 + 2u 1
= 2u u2
sin 3 x 2u u 2
(1 + cos x)4 dx = u4 du
u 2 2u
= du
u4
u2
= 3 du
u
1 2
= 2 3 du
u u
1 1
u
2
= 2u 3 du =
+ +c
u u2
sin 3 x 1 1
Since u = 1 + cos x dx = + +c
(1 + cos x) 4
(1 + cos x) (1 + cos x) 2
x 1
0 (3x 2 6x + 5)4 dx
1
22

u = 3x2 6x + 5
du = (6x 6) dx
x = 1, u = 3 6 + 5 = 2
x = 0, u = 5
1 x -1 1 2 1
0 (3x 2 6x + 5)4 dx = 6 5 u 4 du
1 5 1
= 4 du
6 2u
5
1 1
=
18 u3 2
1 1 1
=
18 125 8
= 0.0065
/6 sin
23 0 cos3 d
u = cos, du = sin d
3
= 6, u = cos 6 =
2
= 0,= =
u cos 0 1
3
/6 sin 3
1 1 2 2 1

0 cos
3
d = 1
2
u 3
du = 2 =
2u 1 3 2
1
=
6

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013

 Page 32 of 32

x
1/ 2
24
0 (1 x 2 ) 2
dx

u = 1 x2
du = 2x dx
1
du = x dx
2
1 1 3
x = , u =1 =
2 4 4
x = 0, u = 1
1 3/4 1
du
2 1 u2
3/ 4
1 2 1 1
= = =
1
2u 3 2 6
3 1
25 0 (1 + x 2 )3/ 2 dx
x = tan u dx = sec2u du
(1 + x 2 ) = (1 + tan 2 u)3 / 2
3/2

= (sec2 u) 3/2
= sec3 u

When x = 3, u = tan -1 ( 3) =
3
x = 0, u = tan1 (0) = 0
2
3 1 /3 sec u
0 (1 + x 2 )3/ 2 dx = 0 sec3 u du
/3 1
= du
0 sec u

/3
= cos u du
0

= [sin u ]0
/3

3
= sin
=
3 2

Unit 1 Answers: Chapter 15 Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013