UHV 1200 kV AC Transmission

GRIDTECH 2007

Power Transmission
and Distribution H. Huang, D.Kumar,
V. Ramaswami, D. Retzmann
Technical Alternatives for Bulk Power
Transmission

HVAC Systems

500 kV conventional as also series compensated

750 kV conventional as also series compensated
1200 kV conventional as also series compensated

HVDC Systems

500 kV bipole
550 kV bipole
600 kV bipole
800 kV bipole

Page 2 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Development of Voltages Levels
for AC Power Transmission
Voltage

1400
6
1200
kV
1000

800 5

600

400
4 experimental
3
2 in commercial use
200 1

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year

Page 3 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

 EHV and UHV AC Systems at Present

Voltage Levels of 735 kV to 765 kV AC have been

introduced in the following Countries:
Canada, Brazil, Russia (USSR), South Africa,
South Korea, U.S.A. and Venezuela
UHV Transmission Lines (1000 kV and above)
have been built in Russia and Japan
Ekibastuz Kokchetav (500 km)
Kokchetav Kustanay (400 km)
1000 kV Line:
SIL = 4 GW Minami Niigata / Nishi Gunma (200 km)
Transmission Kita Tochigi / Minami Iwaki (250 km)
of 6-10 GW is However, today these UHV Transmission Lines
feasible
are operated at 500 kV
Page 4 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution
Product-Portfolio Non-Switching HV-Products

Line Traps
Coil Products Bushings

Current and Voltage Transformer Arrester

Page 5 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Product Range Live-Tank
High-Voltage Circuit-Breakers

Rated short-circuit
breaking current [kA]
80
3AT4/5
63
3AT2/3

50

40

31.5

25

3AP1 FG 3AP1 FI 3AP2 FI

0
72.5 123 145 170 245 300 362 420 550 800 1000
Rated voltage [kV]

The existing C.B. product range is covering 800 kV

Scaling up to 1000 kV is possible

Page 6 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

High-Voltage Circuit-Breaker 3AT4/ 5 EI up to 1000 kV

EHVAC C.B. is using proven design

and can be scaled up from existing
550/800 kV type to 1000 kV
R&D program may be decided for
1000kV according to specification
Requirements for short circuit current
and higher altitudes above sea-level
have to be specified
Ambient and environmental conditions
have to be considered

Page 7 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

 1000 kV EHVAC Double Break Disconnectors

from existing range of 800kV.....

Technical
Technical Data
Data

Rated
Rated voltage
voltage 800
800 kV
kV

Rated lightning impulse
Rated lightning impulse
withstand
withstand voltage
voltage (1,2/50
(1,2/50s)
s) 2100
2100 kV
kV
Across the isolating distance
Across the isolating distance 2235 kV
2235 kV

Rated switching
Rated switching impulse
impulse
withstand
withstand voltage
voltage 1300
1300 kV
kV
Across
Across the
the isolating
isolating distance
distance 1725
1725 kV
kV

Rated
Rated current
current 4000
4000 A
A

Rated
Rated short-time
short-time current
current 63
63 kA
kA

...to 1000kV design:

Up-scaling will cover the require-
ments on creepage distance &
mechanical strength of porcelain

Page 8 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

1200 kV Power Transformer Prototype tested in 1972
EHVAC Transformer using proven
design can be scaled up from existing
800 kV type
R&D program may be decided for
1000kV according to specification
Dielectric specification and transport
dimensions determine R&D cost and
time
Test facilities are an open issue

Page 9 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

 Recent Activities for UHV

Example AC Test Transformer 1200 kV

Transformer & Reactor

Bushings:
Type OTA; Trench UK *, Oil-Paper
Technology
Production: Hebburn/UK, MWB
Shanghai/China
Design for 1200 kV Transformer is
available
Reference: Henjang / China
Protected Creepage
Distance: 10.5 m
**now
nowSiemens
Siemens
Page 10 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution
 Development of UVH AC Transmission

Bundle of 8
Rated Voltage:
Conductors
1000 kV
Maximum Operation
Voltage: 1100 kV

Source:

Page 11 1000
Dec.-06kV Test Line
PTD H in
1T China Power Transmission and Distribution
 Road Map for UVH AC Transmission in China

1000 kV Pilot Project

Shaanbei

Jindongnan
Project Highlights:
Totally 650km Length
Including two UHV-AC Substations
and one Switchgear Station Nanyang

Source:

Jingmen Wuhan
Page 12 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution
Specific Issues for UHV AC

The AC Measurements for UHV

Capacitive Voltage Divider
Type TEHMF Trench Canada *
Production: Toronto und Shanghai
In Service up to 800 kV
Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem

**now
nowSiemens
Siemens

SF6 insulated CT and PT Design is well proven

Type SAS, SVS; Trench Germany *
Production: Bamberg and Shanghai
In Service up to 800 kV
Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem
Page 13 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution
Tower Configurations
19 m

15.5 m

16 m
48 m

108 m

92 m
16.5 m

71 m

44 m
50 m

Kita Iwaki Ekibastuz Kokchetav

Line conductors 8 x 31,5 mm ACSR 8 x 24.1 mm AS-330
Air gap clearance 6,5 8
phase-earth [m]
Page 14 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution
Bundle Design and Tower Configuration

Voltage 1000 kV
Phase conductor wire 8 x 403/52 ACSR
Outer diameter 27.7 mm
Sub conductor spacing 400 mm

= 1.07 m
44 m

Page 15 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Calculation of Overhead Line Characteristic

Resistance 0.0107 /km

Reactance 0.267 /km
Capacitance 14.15 nF/km
Surge impedance 245
Surge impedance load 4080 MW
Charging power 4.45 MVAr/km
Maximum surface gradient 14.7 kV/cm

Page 16 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Electric Field Strength

50 m
5 kV/ m - 10 kV/ m
10 kV/ m - 20 kV/ m
20 kV/ m - 50 kV/ m
50 kV/ m - 100 kV/ m
> 100 kV/ m

0m
-50 m 0m 50 m

Sectional view of the transmission line vertical to the line axis

Page 17 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Reactive Power Demand of Overhead Lines
as a Function of Load

Reactive Power
[MVAr/100 km]
600

1000 kV

400

750 kV

200
500 kV
380 kV
0.5 220 kV
0
1 1.5

P/SIL
-200

-400

-600

Page 18 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

1000 kV AC Transmission Line
No-Load Operation

V1 = 100 % V2

QC

L (km) QC (Mvar) V2/V1

Need of shunt compensation 250 1,133 1.04

500 2,417 1.17

750 4,169 1.50

1000 7,670 2.45

Page 19 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Transmission System with Shunt and Series
Compensation

P
SIL 0

Kp = 0
Kp = Degree of
shunt comp.

Kp = 0
Kp (ind)= 0.5
Ks = Degree of
series comp.

Ks Ks
Load capability of transmission system Transmission angle as a function of
referred to the surge impedance load degree of compensation
Page 20 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution
Load Capability of Transmission System
Referred to Surge Impedance Load (SIL)

P
SIL

Kp (ind.) Kp (cap.)

Kp = Degree of shunt compensation

Page 21 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Power Frequency Overvoltage During
1-phase Auto-reclosing
5
V [p.u.]
4,5 Z0/Z1=2,0
Z0/Z1=1,0
4
degree of compensation
3,5

2,5

1,5

0,5

0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 120% 130%

degree of shunt compensation

Power frequency overvoltage of disconnected phase during 1-phase

auto-reclosing for different Z0/Z1 ratios of shunt reactor

Page 22 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution

Ultra HVAC System > 1000 kV

Early research works on feasibility of 1100 kV system by AEP,

Furnas and some manufacturers.

Further research works on 1000 kV by ENEL-CESI in Italy

1100 kV TEPCO line in Japan ( 140 km)

1100 kV line in Russia operated at 500 kV as reported

1000 kV demonstration line with 3 substations are currently

under development in China

Conclusion:
UHVAC technology is technically feasible. R&D works are needed
on the equipment side

Page 23 Dec.-06 PTD H 1T Power Transmission and Distribution