General Integrated Science Year 11

Unit 1 Assessment Task 7

Science Inquiry Skills
Report

40 marks

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ________________

The Effect of Exercise on Internal Body Temperature

Background

Human body cells need a stable internal temperature to survive. What happens when we exercise
vigorously, for example; running and practising skills during football training, rehearsing for a ballet
performance, training for a Half Marathon running race, or
______________________________________________________________________________ .

Figure 1: Use of the Sphygmomanometer and Stethoscope

Review of Terminology in the Evaluation of an Investigation

Valid or Real

The data collected must test the variables that you state that you are testing.
Example 1: Imagine you were trying out for the JC Football team, but the try-out only tested
Basketball skills! Explain why this would not be a valid test.

Example 2: If you record a high temperature on one occasion and stated that the environment
is always hot. You could not be making valid generalisations.

Example 3: _______________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Accurate Data collection or Sharp

The equipment should have the appropriate scale marks.

Example 1: Imagine you were trying out for the JC Football team, and you kicked 9 out of ten
goal! Explain why you would be considered to be reliable.

Example 2: If you measured a volume of 2mL and you used a 100mL measuring cylinder, you
would not get an accurate reading.

Example 3: _______________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Reliable Data or Consistent

Many sets of data must be collected to see if the data is consistent, or repeatable. This reduces the
effects of individual differences.
Example 1: You have many assessments spread out over the year and the average is
calculated as a guide to your grade.

Example 2: At least three trials should be set up and the average calculated.

Example 3: _______________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
 The Effect of Exercise on Internal Body Temperature
Marking Guide

After finishing this experiment and report you Worth Mark Comment
should be able to:
1. Identify one independent variable to test and a
range of dependent variables to measure. 1
2. Construct an hypothesis based on the
relationship between the independent and the 2
dependent variable.
3. Consider variables to control and state why and
how they could be controlled. 3

4. Accurately measure breathing rate, pulse rate,

blood pressure, and peripheral blood flow and 2
temperature.
5. Accurately record data in a table.
2

6. Accurately represent data graphically.

5

7. Describe the relationships in the data.

5
8. Explain how increased physical activity will affect
a range of variables such as temperature, heart 5
rate, blood pressure peripheral blood flow and
sweat rate.
9. Use scientific language and concepts to
describe what you have learned from this 5
investigation.

10. Evaluation
o State whether or not your hypothesis was 1
supported.
o Describe how you measured the variables 3
accurately.
o Explain why your results are reliable.
o Why did you do three trials?
o Why did you calculate averages?
o Were your sample sizes big enough? 4
o What did you do to control the other
variables properly?

11. Neat and on-time 2

TOTAL 40
 The Effect of Exercise on Internal Body Temperature

Research Question
How does the human body achieve a stable internal temperature when exercising?

Variables:
o Independent, or manipulated variable _____________________________________
o Dependent, or responding variable _______________________________________
o The controlled variables, or variables that were kept the same.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

Hypothesis:
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

Materials needed for each group of investigators:

Sphygmomanometer Stethoscope
Stopwatch Infra-red thermometers
(loaned from ECU)

Method:
1. Work in groups of two or three students.

2. Decide on your procedure, and decide who is responsible for recording and measuring
each variable listed in the Results Table 1 below.

3. Select a willing and healthy subject for the running on the spot exercise detailed
below.

WARNING: the student you select for moderate or heavy exercise should not
be recovering from illness and should not be prone to respiratory conditions
such as asthma, or to heart disease. If at any time during the exercise the
subject feels dizzy or faint, STOP AT ONCE!

4. While your subject rests measure their breathing rate (breaths per minute), their pulse
rate (beats per minute), their systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) their body
temperature (oC), their skin colour and their sweat rate.

5. Record the results in Table 1 below.

 6. Let the subject exercise for 30 seconds by running on the spot.

7. Immediately re-take all measurements. Record the results in Table 1 below.

8. Let the subject rest for 5 minutes.

9. Then let subject exercise for periods of 1, 2 and 4 minutes, resting for 5 minutes
between each set of exercises. Re-take all measurements as soon as each rest period
starts and record the results in Table 1 below.

10. At the end of the last exercise take measurements every two minutes until they return
to the subjects rest levels. Record the results in Table 1 below.

Results

Table 1: _________________________________________________________________

Systolic Diastolic Body

Duration of Breathing Pulse rate blood blood temper- Skin Sweat
exercise rate (beats/min) pressure pressure ature
o colour rate
(minutes) (beats/min) (mm Hg) (mm Hg) ( C),

0.5

1.0

2.0

4.0

+2.0 rest

+4.0 rest

+6.0 rest

+8.0 rest

+10.0 rest
Analysis

11. Calculate the average results of all subjects at rest and after 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 minutes of
exercises. Record the results in Table 2 below.

Table 2: __________________________________________________________________

Systolic Diastolic Body

Duration of Breathing Pulse rate blood blood temper-
o
exercise rate (beats/min) pressure pressure ature ( C),
(minutes) (beats/min) (mm Hg) (mm Hg)

0.5

1.0

2.0

4.0

Graphing
Plot the averages of each measurement type against time on the graph in Figure 2 below.

Figure 2: _________________________________________________________________
Conclusion
1. Explain why it is important to take measurements at rest before the subject starts
exercising.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. Explain why the subject should rest between each set of exercises.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

3. Describe the relationships shown on the graph.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

4. Explain how increased physical activity will affect a range of variables such as
temperature, heart rate, blood pressure peripheral blood flow and sweat rate.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Evaluation
1. State whether your hypothesis was supported.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. Describe how you measured the variables accurately.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

3. Use the concept of reliability to explain why it is important to calculate class averages.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

4. Use scientific language and concepts to describe what you have learned from this
investigation.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________