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tpil: 21. < 22. M 23. M 24. m 25. m 26. , 27. , 28. m 29. < 30. M
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tpil: 31. M 32. M 33. < 34. M 35. m 36. < 37. < 38. , 39. , 40. ,
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tpil: 41. < 42. M 43. M 44. m 45. m 46. , 47. M 48. m 49. , 50. ,
tpil: 51. , 52. M 53. M 54. M 55. M 56. m 57. M 58. < 59. m 60. ,
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,e;jpa murpayikg;G
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tpilfs;:
1) , 2) , 3) M 4) m 5) , 6) M 7) m 8) m 9) , 10) , 11) < 12) , 13) m
14) < 15) m 16) M 17) m 18) m 19) < 20) , 21) < 22) M 23) m 24) < 25) m
26) , 27) < 28) M 29) < 30) M
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19. fPNo Fwpg;gpl;Ls;stw;wpd; ve;jg; gl;baypd; Nky; kj;jpa kw;Wk; khepy muRfs;
rl;lkpaw;wyhk;?
m) khepyg;gl;bay; M) kj;jpag;gl;bay;
,) nghJg;gl;bay; <) ,it midj;Jk;
20. [k;K-fh\;kPupd; rpwg;G me;j];ij KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk; vd;w fUj;J
tYg;ngw;wJ.
m) [k;K-fh~;kPupd; FbapUg;G kNrhjh 1982-y; epiwNtw;wg;gl;l gpwF
M) yhy;gfJ}H rh];jpup ,we;j gpwF
,) Rtud; rpq;fpd; uh[pdkhtpw;Fg; gpwF
<) ghfp];jhdpypUe;J jPtputhjpfspd; CLUtYf;Fg; gpwF.
21. murhq;fj;jpy; gq;F ngw Kaw;rpf;fhky; murpd; KbTfis khw;w Kaw;rpf;Fk;
mikg;G
m) jd;dhHtj;njhz;L mikg;Gfs; M) mOj;jf; FOf;fs;
,) murhq;fk; rhuh mikg;Gfs; <) murpay; fl;rpfs;
22. jkpo;ehl;by; m.,.m.jp.K.f. Kjd; Kjypy; Ml;rpf;F te;j Mz;L
m) 1972 M) 1977 ,) 1982 <) 1984
23. ,uz;L kjj;jpid rhHe;j Mz;> ngz; ,UtUk; fPo;f;fz;l rl;lg;gb jpUkzk;
nra;J nfhs;syhk;.
m) ,e;J jpUkzr;rl;lk; M) rpwg;G jpUkzr;rl;lk;
,) fpwp];jt jpUkzr;rl;lk; <) Kfkjpa jpUkzr;rl;lk;
24. $l;lhl;rpapd; kpf Kf;fpa mk;rk;
m) xNu rl;lkd;wk; M) mjpfhug; gq;fPL
,) ePjp kW Ma;T <) mjpfhug; gpuptpid
25. ,e;jpaf; Fbkf;fSf;F mbg;gil cupikfs; toq;fpajd; Kf;fpaNehf;fk;
m) [dehaf murhq;fj;ij Vw;gLj;j
M) jdpegH Rje;jpuj;ij ghJfhf;f
,) ePjpj;Jiwapd; jdpj;jd;ikia ghJfhf;f
<) nghJTilik rKjhak; cz;lhf;f
26. [dhjpgjp gjtpf;fhd NjHjiy elj;JgtH
m) kf;fsit rgheafH M) ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; nghJr;nrayH
,) ,e;jpaj; jiyik ePjpgjp <) ,e;jpaj; NjHjy; Mizak;
27. khepyq;fSf;F uh[;a rigapy; vjd; mbg;gilapy; ,lk; xJf;fg;gLfpwJ?
m) rkkhd gpujpepjpj;Jtk;
M) kf;fs; njhifapd; mbg;gilapy;
,) kf;fs; njhif kw;Wk; nghUshjhu epiy
<) jw;Nghija nghUshjhu epiyiag; nghUj;J
28. Kjy; murpay; rl;lj;jpUj;jk; ele;j Mz;L
m) 1950 M) 1951 ,)1952 <)1953
29. jw;Nghija kf;fsitapd; nkhj;j cWg;gpdHfspd; vz;zpf;if
m) 545 cWg;gpdHfs; M) 555 cWg;gpdHfs;
,) 565 cWg;gpdHfs; <) 575 cWg;gpdHfs;
30. kdpj cupikfs; jpdk; mDrupf;fg;gLtJ
m) Vg;uy; 10k; Njjp M) #d; 10k; Njjp
,) nrg;lk;gH 10k; Njjp <) brk;gH 10k; Njjp
31. ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp> ,e;jpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;jpd; ve;jg; gpuptpd;
fPo;epjpf;FOit epakpf;fpwhH?
m) gpupT 320 M) gpupT 280 ,) gpupT 356 <) gpupT 325
32. khepyj; njhopy; ePHg;ghak; ahiu cs;slf;fp cs;sJ?
m) cr;rePjpkd;w ePjpgjp
M) cr;rePjpkd;w jiyik ePjpgjp
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,) caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjp
<) khtl;l nr~d;]; ePjpgjp
33. gl;bay; II gl;bay; II cld; nghUj;jp> fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPLfisf;
nfhz;L rupahd tpiliaj; NjHe;njL.
gl;bay; I gl;bay; II
m) FbauRj; jiytupd; epHthf mjpfhuk; A.Article 56
M) FbauRj; jiytupd; gjtpf;fhyk; B.Article 55
,) FbauRj; jiytupd; NjHjy; C.Article 61
<) FbauRj; jiytH gjtp ePf;fk; D.Article 53
FwpaPLfs;:
m) A-4> B-1> C- 2> D-3 M) A-4> B-2> C- 1> D-2
,) A-4> B-1> C- 2> D-3 <) A-4> B-1> C- 3> D-2
34. gpd;tUtdtw;iw tupirf; fpukkhff; nfhz;L tuTk;.
A) CBI> ESMA> SSC> CAT B) ESMA> CBI> CAT> SSC
C) CAT> SSC> ESMA> CBI D) CBI> CAT> SSC> ESMA
35. jkpofj;jpd; nkhj;j uh[;argh cWg;gpdHfs;
m) 12 M) 14 ,) 16 <)18
tpilfs;:
1),> 2)<> 3),> 4)<> 5),> 6)<> 7)M> 8),> 9),> 10),> 11)M> 12)m> 13)m> 14)m> 15)M>
16),> 17)<> 18)M> 19),> 20)m> 21)M> 22)M> 23)M> 24)M> 25)M> 26)<> 27)M> 28)M>
29)m> 30)<> 31)M> 32),> 33)m> 34)m> 35)<
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tpilfs;:
1) ,> 2) <> 3) m> 4) <> 5) ,> 6) m> 7) ,> 8)M> 9) <> 10) m> 11) ,> 12) M> 13)
,> 14)M> 15) M> 16) <> 17) <> 18) M 19) <> 20) M 21) <> 22) <> 23) ,> 24) ,> 25)
M 26) <> 27) ,> 28) m
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epiyia Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; ehd;fhk; gFjpapy; muRf; nfhs;ifapid newpgLj;Jk;
Nfhl;ghLfs; ,lk; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd (mq;fq;fs; 36 Kjy; 51 tiu).
* ekJ ehl;by; nghJ ey muR mikg;gjw;Fk; ,itfNs topfhl;b tUfpd;wd.
* ekJ murpayikg;G> Rje;jpukhd ePjpj;Jiwia toq;FfpwJ. ,e;jpa
cr;rePjpkd;wKk;> caHePjpkd;wq;fSk; rl;lq;fis ePjpg; Gduha;T nra;Ak;
mjpfhuk; ngw;Ws;sd.
* xU rl;lk; murpayikg;Gf;F cl;gl;lJ my;yJ Gwk;ghdJ vd;W jPHg;G
toq;fj;jf;f mjpfhuj;jpw;Nf ePjpg; Gduha;T vd;W ngaH.
* murpayikg;gpd; fhtydhf ePjpj;Jiw tpsq;FfpwJ. ,e;jpa Fbkf;fspd;
cupikfisAk; Rje;jpuq;fisAk; ePjpj;Jiw ,jd; %yk; ghJfhf;fpwJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G taJ te;NjhH midtUf;Fk; thf;Fupik toq;f
cWjpaspf;fpwJ.
* gjpndl;L taJ epuk;gpa xt;nthU FbkfDk;> rhjp> kjk;> epwk;> ghypdg; ghFghL
,d;wp NjHjypy; thf;fspf;f cupik ngw;Ws;sdH.
* ,q;fpyhe;J:
1. rl;lkpaw;Wk; Kiw 2. rl;lj;jpd; gzp 3. xw;iwf; FbAupik
4. ghuhSkd;w Kiw murhq;fk; 5. Nfgpdl; Kiw murhq;fk;
6. nt];l; kpdp];lH Kiw murhq;fk; 7. rl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghJfhg;G
8. Nky; rigia tpl fPo; rigf;F mjpf mjpfhuk; 9. ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F
nghWg;ghd mikr;rHfs;
* mnkupf;fh:
1. Rje;jpukhd ePjpj;Jiw 2. ePjpg;Gduha;T 3. mbg;gil cupikfs;
4. cr;rePjpkd;wk; kw;Wk; caHePjpkd;wk; 5. ePjpgjpfis ePf;Fk; Kiw
* FbauR Kiw murhq;fk; murpayikg;gpd; Kd;Diu Jiz [dhjpgjpapd;
nghWg;Gfs; murpayikg;igj; jpUj;Jk; Kiwfs; cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpd; mikg;Gk;
,af;fKk; maHyhe;J murpd; topnewpf; Nfhl;ghLfs; [dhjpgjp Kiw NjHT
(NjHjy;) [dhjpgjpahy;> uh[;arigf;F epakpf;fg;gLk; epakd cWg;gpdHfs;
gykhd kj;jpa murhq;fk; vQ;rpa mjpfhuq;fs; kj;jpa murpd; fPo; tUtJ
* n[Hkdp: neUf;fbepiyapd; NghJ mbg;gil cupikfs; ePf;fg;gLtJ
* M];jpNuypah: nghJgl;bay; Kiw
* u~;ah: mbg;gilf; flikfs;
* fdlh: khepyq;fSf;F ,ilNaahd ,ytr tHj;jf Kiw
* njd; Mg;gpupf;fh: ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; %d;wpy; ,uz;L gq;F ngUk;ghd;ikAld; rl;lj;
jpUj;j Kiw murpay; mikg;G rl;lj; jpUj;jq;fs;
* Kjy; murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;jpUj;jk; 1951-k; Mz;by; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G $l;lhl;rp Kiw vd;w jj;Jtj;ij mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;lJ.
* murpayikg;G rl;lk; vd;gJ murpayikg;gpy; mlq;fpAs;s tiffisf;
Fwpf;Fk;.
* rl;lkd;wj;jpy; ,aw;wg;gLk; rl;lq;fs; rhjhuz rl;lq;fs; MFk;.
* murpayikg;Gr; rl;lk; rhjhuzr; rl;lj;jpdpd;Wk; NtWgl;lJ. ,e;jpa
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murpayikg;G KfTiu
* ,e;jpa [dehafj;jpw;F mbg;gilahd gz;Gfis tpsf;Fk; gFjpahf KfTiu
(Preamble) mikfpwJ.
* mnkupf;f ehl;bd; murpayikg;igg; KfTiu vDk; nfhs;ifia ,e;jpa
murpayikg;G ty;YeHfs; vLj;Jf; nfhz;ldH.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpw;F Kfg;Giu toq;fpa ngUik [t`Hyhy; NeUitr;
rhUk;.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; jpwTf;Nfhy;> ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpd; ,jak; vd;W
Nghw;wg;gLtJ KfTiujhd;.
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G KfTiu ,Jtiu xNu xU Kiw kl;LNk
jpUj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
* 1976-k; Mz;by; nfhz;L tug;gl;l 42-tJ rl;lj; jpUj;jj;jpd;gb KfTiuapy;
rkjHk (Socialist)> kjr;rhHgw;w (Secular)> xUikg;ghL (Integrity) vDk; %d;W
nrhw;fs; NrHf;fg;gl;ld. ,e;jpa muRk; mjd; vy;iyfSk;
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;gpy; gFjp-1> ,e;jpa muRk; mjd; vy;iyfSk; gw;wp
tpsf;FfpwJ.
* ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s khepyq;fspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 28 MFk;. kj;jpa Ml;rpg;
gFjpahd a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fspd; vz;zpf;if nkhj;jk; 6 MFk;. xU Njrpa
jiyefH gFjp (jpy;yp)Ak; cs;sd.
* Gjpa khepyq;fis cUthf;Fk; ghuhSkd;w cupikfis tptupg;gJ rl;lg;gpupT- 2
* Gjpa khepyj;ij cUthf;FtJ> gioa khepyq;fisr; RUf;FtJ> vy;iyfis
khw;WtJ ,tw;iw tptupg;gJ rl;lg;gpupT- 3
* Gjpa khepyq;fis cUthf;fj; Njitahd rl;l topKiwfisg; gw;wpg; NgRtJ
rl;lg;gpupT- 4
* ,e;jpahtpy; nkhopthup khepykhf> Kjd;Kjyhf mikf;fg;gl;l khepyk;
Me;jpug;gpuNjrkhFk;. ,J 1953-k; Mz;L cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. mbg;gil cupikfs;
* ,e;jpa murpayikg;G> njhlf;fj;jpy; VO mbg;gil cupikfisf; nfhz;bUe;jJ.
* 1978-y; 44-tJ murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj; jpUj;jj;jpd;gb nrhj;JupikahdJ mbg;gil
cupikapypUe;J ePf;fk; nra;ag;gl;ljhy;> jw;NghJ MW mbg;gil cupikfs;
cs;sd.
* 1. rkj;Jt cupik (murpayikg;G gpupT 14-18):
* 2. Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 19-22)
* 3. Ruz;lYf;F vjpuhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 23-24):
* 4. rkar; Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 25-28):
* 5. gz;ghL kw;Wk; fy;tp cupikfs; (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT 29-30):
* 6. murpayikg;G jPHT topfSf;fhd cupik (murpayikg;Gg; gpupT - 32):
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2. rl;lkd;w mjpfhuq;fs;:
* ghuhSkd;wj;ijf; $l;Lk; cupik ngw;wtH FbauRj; jiytH MthH.
* ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; ,U mitfisNah my;yJ VNjDk; xU mitiaNah
xj;jpg;NghlNth my;yJ $l;lq;fis KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tuNth mjpfhuk; ngw;wtH
FbauRj; jiytH.
* khepyq;fsit 12 cWg;gpdHfis epakdk; nra;aTk;> kf;fsitapy; 2 Mq;fpNyh-
,e;jpa ,dj;jpdiu epakdk; nra;aTk; mjpfhuk; mtUf;F cz;L.
* ghuhSkd;wj;ijf; fiyf;Fk; mjpfhuKk; FbauRj; jiytUf;F cz;L.
* ,tuJ mq;fPfhuk; ,y;yhJ ve;j kNrhjhTk; rl;lkhfhJ.
* ghuhSkd;wk; $lhjNghJ mtrur; rl;lj;ijg; gpwg;gpf;f FbauRj; jiytUf;F
mjpfhuKs;sJ.
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gl;bay; - 1
,e;jpa a+dpadpd; mlq;fpAs;s khepyq;fisAk;> kj;jpa Ml;rpg;gFjpfisAk; gw;wp
tptupg;gJ Kjy; gl;bayhFk;. jw;rkak; 28 khepyq;fSk;> 6 kj;jpa Ml;rpg;
gFjpfSk; (a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fs;) xU Njrpa jiyefH gFjpAk; ,e;jpahtpy;
cs;sd.
gl;bay; - 2
,e;jpaf; FbauRj; jiytH> Jizf; FbauRj; jiytH> kf;fsit kw;Wk;
khepyq;fsit rghehafHfs;> cr;rePjpkd;w> caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs;> khepy
MSeHfs;> jiyikf; fzf;fha;tH> rl;lkd;wj; jiytH MfpNahuJ rk;gsk; kw;Wk;
gpw trjpfs; Mfpait tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,J Ie;J gpupTfisf; nfhz;lJ.
gl;bay; - 3
gjtpg;gpukhzk; kw;Wk; cWjp nkhopfs; gw;wp tpsf;FtJ %d;whtJ gl;bayhFk;.
kj;jpa khepy mikr;rHfs;> ehlhSkd;w> rl;lkd;w cWg;gpdHfs;> cr;rePjpkd;w>
caHePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfs;> jiyikf; fzf;fha;thsH MfpNahuJ gjtpg;gpukhzk;>
,ufrpaf; fhg;Gf; gpukhzk; kw;Wk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba cWjpnkhopfs;
,g;gl;baypy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
gl;bay; - 4
khepyq;fsitapy; cWg;gpdHfs; xJf;fPL njhlHghdJ ehd;fhtJ gl;bay;.
khepyq;fSf;Fk; a+dpad; gpuNjrq;fSf;Fk; khepyq;fsitapy; (uh[;argh) cWg;gpdH
fisg; gpupj;jspg;gJ gw;wpa tpsf;fk; jug;gLfpwJ
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gl;bay; - 5
jho;j;jg;gl;NlhH (SC) kw;Wk; goq;Fb kf;fs; (ST) thOk; gFjpfspd; fl;Lg;ghLk;
epHthfKk; gw;wp tpsf;FfpwJ. ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; vspjhd nk[hupl;b %yk;
,g;gl;bay;fisj; jpUj;j ,aYk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj; jFe;jJ.
gl;bay; - 6
mrhk;> Nkfhyah> kpNrhuk; khepyq;fspy; goq;Fb kf;fs; trpf;Fk; gFjpfspd;
epHthfk; gw;wp MwhtJ gl;bay; tptupf;fpwJ. ,g;gl;baYk; vspikahd nk[hupl;b
%yk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; jpUj;jg;glyhk;.
gl;bay; - 7
kj;jpa - khepy muRfspd; mjpfhuk; nray;ghLfs; gw;wp VohtJ gl;bay;
tpsf;FfpwJ. ,jpy; %d;W gl;bay;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
(m) kj;jpag; gl;bay; ,J kj;jpa muRf;F cs;s mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wpaJ. kj;jpag;
gl;baypy; nkhj;jk; 97 Jiwfs; cs;sd. ,tw;wpy; rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; mjpfhuk;
nfhz;lJ kj;jpa muR> ghJfhg;G> mZrf;jp> Njrpa neLQ;rhiyfs;> tpkhd> fg;gy;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fs;> fhg;gPlL
; f; fofq;fs;> kf;fs;njhif> ejpfs;> njhiyNgrp> gz
mr;rbg;G ,J Nghd;w Kf;fpakhd 97 Jiwfs; kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;sd.
(M) khepyg;gl;bay; ,J khepy muRf;F cs;s mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wpaJ. Muk;gj;jpy;
khepyg; gl;baypy; ,Ue;j Jiwfs; 66. ,tw;wpy; fy;tpAk;> tpisahl;Lk;
nghJg;gl;baYf;Ff; nfhz;L nry;yg;gl;likahy;> jw;NghJ 64 Jiwfs; kl;LNk
khepy murpd; mjpfhuj;jpw;Fs; tUfpd;wd. tptrha tUkhdtup> efuhl;rp.
rpiwr;rhiyfs;> Rq;ff; fl;lzq;fs;> Nfspf;if tup Nghd;w 64 Jiwfs;
khepyg;gl;baypy; cs;sd. ,j;Jiwfspy; rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; cupik ngw;wit khepy
muRfs;.
(,) nghJg;gl;bay; ,J kj;jpa muRf;Fk;> khepy muRfSf;Fk; cs;s nghJthd
mjpfhuq;fisg; gw;wpg; NgRfpwJ. nghJg; gl;baypd; njhlf;fj;jpy; 47 Jiwfs;
,Ue;jd. fy;tpAk; tpisahl;Lk; jw;NghJ nghJg; gl;baYf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gl;ljhy;
jw;NghJ nghJg;gl;baypy; cs;s Jiwfs; nkhj;jk; 49. fhLfs;> kpd;rhuk;>
njhopw;rhiyfs;> czTg; nghUl;fs;> jpUkzk;> fy;tp> tpisahl;L cl;gl 49
Jiwfs;kPJ rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; mjpfhuk; ngw;wit kj;jpa muRk;> khepy muRfSk;
MFk;.
gl;bay; - 8
murpayikg;ghy; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l 22 nkhopfisg; gw;wp tptupg;gJ vl;lhtJ gl;bay;
MFk;. mrhk;> ngq;fhsp> F[uhj;jp> ,e;jp> fd;dlk;> fh~;kPup> nfhq;fzp> kiyahsk;>
kzpg;Gup> kuhj;jp> Neghsp> xupah> gQ;rhgp> rk];fpUjk;> rpe;jp> jkpo;> njYq;F> cUJ>
ikjpyp> NghNlh> rhe;jyp> Nlhf;up vd;gd vl;lhtJ gl;bay; Fwpg;gpLk; nkhopfshFk;.
2003-Mk; Mz;L ikjpyp> NghNlh> rhe;jyp> Nlhf;up Mfpa ehd;F nkhopfs;
,g;gl;baypy; NrHf;fg;gl;ld.
gl;bay; - 9
ePjpkd;wq;fspd; kWguprPyidf;F mg;ghw;gl;l rl;lq;fisg; gw;wp tptupg;gJ xd;gjhtJ
gl;bayhFk;. murpay; rl;lj;jpUj;jk; -1 ,d; %yk; 1951-k; Mz;L ,g;gl;bay;
,izf;fg;gl;lJ. epyf;Fj;jif> epytup> uapy;Nt> njhopw;rhiyfs; ,J Nghd;wtw;wpd;
rl;lq;fSk; MizfSk; ,jpy; cs;sd. 9-tJ gl;baypy; NrHf;fg;gl;l Kjy; rl;lk;
[kPdj; hup xopg;Gr; rl;lkhFk;. jkpo;ehl;by; 69% gpw;gLj;jg;gl;NlhUf;F ,lxJf;fPL
toq;fg;gLk; kNrhjh 1993-y; 85-tJ rl;lj;jpUj;jj;jhy; epiwNtw;wg;gl;L ,g;gl;baypy;
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
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gl;bay; - 10
fl;rpj; jhty; jilr; rl;lk; gw;wp tptupg;gJ gj;jhtJ gl;bayhFk;. 1985-k; Mz;L
52-tJ rl;lj; jpUj;jj;jpd; %ykhf ,g;gl;bay; murpayikg;gpy; ,izf;fg;gl;lJ.
,r;rl;lg;gb ghuhSkd;w> rl;lkd;w cWg;gpdH jha;ff ; l;rpia tpl;L tpyfp Gjpa
fl;rpapy; NrHe;jhNyh> Gjpa fl;rpia cUthf;fpdhNyh mtuJ cWg;gpdH gjtpia
,of;f NeupLk;. %d;wpy; xU gq;F fl;rpapdH jha;fl;rpia tpl;L tpyfpdhy; mr;rkak;
gjtp gwpNghfhJ. mJ fl;rpg;gpsT vdf; fUjg;gLk;.
gl;bay; - 11
gQ;rhaj;J kw;Wk; Cuhl;rp epWtdq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s Ra Ml;rp mjpfhuk;
gw;wp gjpNdhuhtJ gl;bay; tpsf;FfpwJ. 1992-k; Mz;L> 73-tJ
jpUj;jj;jpd;gb> 29 Jiwfspy; gQ;rhaj;J mikg;GfSf;F
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
gl;bay; - 12
,J efHghypfh kw;Wk; efug;gQ;rhaj;JfSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s Ra mjpfhuk;
njhlHghdJ gdpnuz;lhtJ gl;bayhFk;. 1992-y; 74 rl;lj;jpUj;jj;jpd;gb> ,J
murpayikg;gpy; NrHf;fg;gl;lJ. efug; gQ;rhaj;Jf;fs; 18 Jiwfspy; ngw;Ws;s
mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wp ,g;gl;baypy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. vjpHj;J tof;F NghLtijAk;
,J jil nra;jJ. ,e;jpa nkhopfs;
nghUshjhuk;
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www.Thennakam.com
m) xU fiy M) xU mwptpay;
,) xU rpwg;G njhopy; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
5) ------ %yk; jd;Dila tho;f;iff;Fj; Njitahditfs; <l;lg;gLfpd;wd.
m) fiy M) mwptpay;
,) rpwg;G njhopy; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
6) tpw;gidj; jpwd; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
7) ------ tpw;gid jpwd; vd;gJ Gjpa re;ijf;Fj; Njitia cUthf;FtjhFk;.
m) gilg;G M) Nghl;bapLk;
,) fTz;lH <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
8) ------- tpw;gid jpwd; vd;gJ jw;NghJs;s tpw;gidia mjpfhpg;gjhFk;.
m) gilg;G M) Nghl;bapLk;
,) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y <) fTz;lh;
9) tpw;gid jpwd; Ms;rhh; my;yJ Ms;rhuhjjhfapUf;fyhk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
10) tha;r;nrhy; tpsk;guk; vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ.
m) NeHKf tpw;gid M) tpsk;guk;
,) tpw;gid ngUf;fk; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
11) mr;rplg;gl;l tpw;gid jpwd; vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ.
m) NeHKf tpw;gid M) tpsk;guk;
,) tpw;gid ngUf;fk; <) nra;jpg;guty;
12) EfHNthUf;F nghUl;fisg;gw;wpa jfty; kw;Wk; njhopy; El;g cjtp nra;J
nfhLg;gJ jhd; NeHKf tpw;gid vd;W fUjg;gLfpwJ. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
13) cundiff and still fUj;Jg;gb NeHKf tpw;gidapd; Nehf;fq;fs; ------
gphpTfshf tifg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
14) mikg;G mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg; gzpahsh;fs; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
15) cw;gj;jpahsHfspd; tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfs; ------ gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 4 <) 5
16) cw;gj;jpahshplkpUe;J nghUl;fs; nfhs;Kjy; nra;ag;gl;L rpy;yiw
tpw;gidahsUf;F tpw;gid nra;tJ ------- tpw;gidg; gzpahsh;fspd; gzpahFk;.
m) Kd;Ndhb M) ,ilj;jufh; Nrit
,) gazk; nra;Ak; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
17) mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fshf czT> cil Nghd;w nghUl;fspd; tpw;gidapy;
ftdk; nrYj;Jk; tpw;gidahsHfs; ----- tpw;gidahsHfs; vd;W
miof;fg;gLfpwhh;fs;.
m) rpwg;G M) epiyahd
,) Kd;Ndhb <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
18) Nritapd; mbg;gilapy; tpw;gidg;gzpahsHfs; ----- gphpTfshfg;
gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
m) 3 M) 4 ,) 5 <) 6
19) njhopw;rhiyg; nghUl;fshd nghwp> ,ae;jpuq;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw tpw;gid nra;Ak;
tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfs; ----- tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfshFk;.
m) Nrit M) njhopw;rhiy
,) Vw;WkjpahsHfspd; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
20) tpw;gidg; gzpahsHfspd; Njhw;wj; jd;ik
m) ey;y Njhw;wk; M) $l;LwT
,) cw;W Nehf;fy; <) njhopw;rhiy
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56) tPl;bw;F tPL nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L nrd;W tpw;gid nra;tJ Neub toq;fy;
topfspy; xU KiwahFk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
57) jghy; %yk; thq;Fjy; vd;gJ ----- vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) jghy; Miz Kiw M) nrhe;j fil njhlq;Fjy;
,) nkf;fhdpf;fy; fUtpfs; <) tPl;bw;F tPL tpw;gid
58) EfHNthUf;F rpwpa msTfspy; tpw;gid nra;gtH
m) nkhj;j tpahghhp M) rpy;yiw tpahghhp
,) KftHfs; <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
59) tpw;gidapd; msT mjpfkhfapUe;jhy; ------- toq;fy; top rpwe;jhFk;.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
60) nghUl;fspd; tpiy epiyahdjhfapUe;jhy; ------ toq;fy; top rpwe;jjhff;
fUjg;gLfpwJ.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
61) re;ijapLifAk; toq;fYk; xd;Wjhd;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
62) channel vd;w nrhy; ----- nrhy;ypypUe;J cUthdJ.
m) cannal M) cannel ,) canel <) Nkw;$wpaitfs; my;y
63) cannal vd;w nrhy; ----- nkhopapypUe;J cUthdJ.
m) ,yj;jPd; M) fpNuf;f ,) gpnuQ;R <) Mq;fpyk;
64) PDS vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; Public Distribution System ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
65) nghJ toq;fy; Kiwapd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fs;
m) mj;jpahtrpa nghUl;fs; tpepNahfpj;jy;
M) epahakhd tpiyapy; toq;fy;
,) eyptile;j gphptpdUf;F toq;Fjy;
<) Nkw;$wpait midj;Jk;
66) g+[;[pa epiy top vd;gJ ------ topia czHj;JfpwJ.
m) Neub M) kiwKf
67) ,uz;L epiy top vd;gJ ------ ,ilj;jufHfs; mlq;fpajhFk;.
m) xU M) ,uz;L ,) %d;W
68) jq;fSila nrhe;j fzf;fpy; jq;fSila ,lHghl;by; ruf;Ffisf; nfhs;Kjy;
nra;J tpw;gid nra;Ak; ,ilj;jufH
m) KftHfs; M) tpahghhpfs; ,) GNuhf;fHfs;
69) ruf;
F fis nfhs; K jy; nra; J rpy; y iw tpahghhpfSf; F tpw;gid nra;Ak; egH
m) rpy;yiw tpahghhp M) nkhj;j tpahghhp
,) fkp~d; KftH <) Nkw;$wpait my;y
70) Retailer vd;w nrhy; gpnuQ;R nkhopapypUe;J ------ nrhy;ypypUe;J
cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
m) Retailen M) Retailer ,) Retailier
71) Retailen means to cut again ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
72) njU tPjpfspy; fil mkHj;JgtH xU
m) nkhj;j tpahghhp M) rpy;yiw tpahghhp
73) xU $iuapd; fPo; midj;J JiwfSk; mike;jpUg;gJ
m) Jiwthhpf;fil M) klq;Ffil ,) nghJ tpepNahf Kiw
74) klq;F filapd; njhlf;fk;
m) ,q;fpyhe;J M) mnkhpf;fh ,) ,u~;ah <) Mrpah
75) ghl;lh fk;ngdp ------- f;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;.
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tpsk;guk;
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www.Thennakam.com
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m) rhp M) jtW
70) IRS vd;gJ Indian Readership Survey ,f;$w;W rhpah?
m) rhp M) jtW
71) nghUs; thq;fg;gLk; ,lj;jpy; tpsk;guk; ----- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
m) 2 M) 3 ,) 5 <) 6
72) tpsk;gur; nryT mjpfhpf;fg;gLtjhy; ----- mjpfhpf;fpwJ.
m) nghUl;fspd; tpiy M) tpsk;guk; cw;gj;jp mw;wJ
,) thq;Fk;gb fl;lhag;gLj;Jjy; <) Kw;nwhhpik
73) Gjpjhf mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; nghUl;fSf;F ------ tpsk;guk; gad;gLfpwJ.
m) nghUs; tpsk;guk; M) Kjy; epiy tpsk;guk;
,) tzpf tpsk;guk; <) epWtd tpsk;guk;
74) tpsk;guq;fspd; tiffs; -------- gphpTfshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
m) 9 M) 5 ,) 4 <) 2
tpilfs; :
1. m 2. M 3. m 4. M 5. , 6. M 7. m 8. M
9. m 10. m 11. M 12. m 13. m 14. M 15. M 16. m
17. M 18. M 19. M 20. m 21. , 22. , 23. m 24. m
25. m 26. m 27. m 28. m 29. , 30. m 31. , 32. m
33. m 34. m 35. M 36. m 37. M 38. m 39. , 40. ,
41. m 42. m 43. M 44. m 45. M 46. m 47. M 48. M
49. , 50. , 51. m 52. m 53. m 54. m 55. M 56. m
57. m 58. m 59. m 60. m 61. M 62. m 63. , 64. m
65. m 66. m 67. M 68. M 69. M 70. m 71. m 72. M
73. m 74. M 75. M 76. M 77. M 78. m 79. , 80. M
81. M 82. m 83. m 84. M 85. , 86. m 87. , 88. <
89. M 90. < 91. < 92. < 93. m 94. , 95. , 96. m
97. M 98. M 99. m 100. m 101. , 102. m 103. M 104. m
105. M 106. m 107. M 108. m 109. m 110. m 111. M 112. M
113. < 114. < 115. M 116. M 117. < 118. < 119. m 120. m
121. m 122. m 123. m 124. m 125. m 126. m 127. < 128. M
129. , 130. m 131. M 132. m 133. m 134. m 135. m 136. m
137. m 138. , 139. M 140. , 141. M 142. M 143. m 144. ,
145. m 146. m 147. m 148. m 149. < 150. m 151. M 152. M
153. M 154. m 155. M 156. M 157. , 158. M 159. m 160. M
161. M 162. m 163. < 164. M 165. , 166. M 167. , 168. m
169. m 170. m 171. m 172. M 173. m 174. M 175. , 176. m
177. m 178. M 179. m 180. M 181. m 182. M 183. M 184. m
185. m 186. m 187. m 188. m 189. , 190. m 191. m 192. m
193. m 194. m 195. m 196. m 197. M 198. M 199. ,
1. < 2. m 3. , 4. , 5. m 6. m 7. M
8. m 9. , 10. , 11. < 12. , 13. M 14. m 15. M
16. M 17. m 18. m 19. , 20. m 21. m 22. m 23. m
24. , 25. m 26. m 27. m 28. M 29. m 30. M 31. m
32. , 33. , 34. m 35. m 36. M 37. , 38. < 39. m
40. M 41. M 42 , 43. m 44. m 45. , 46. M 47. M
48. M 49. < 50. , 51. , 52. < 53. , 54. m 55. m
56. < 57. M 58. M 59. , 60. m 61. M 62. , 63. <
64. M 65. M 66. , 67. M 68. < 69. m 70. m 71. M
72. m 73. M 74. m
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Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpay;
~ 45 ~
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20) epWtdj;jpd; xt;nthU Jiwapd; nray; jpwid kjpg;gPL nra;a -------- kpfTk;
mtrpak;.
mfj;jzpf;if
21) ------- kpfTk; mtrpak;
m) nghUs; tpsf;fk; M) epjp mwpf;if
,) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
22) ------- fhuzpfis rpf;fdkhd topapy; gad;gLj;j nray;Kiw fl;Lg;ghLk;
KiwfSk; Njitg;gLfpwJ.
gy jug;gl;l cw;gj;jp
23) Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpaYf;F ------ kpfTk; mtrpak;.
thpjpl;lk;
24) ------- gad;fis gw;wp tpguq;fs; Nkyhz;ikapdUf;F mwpf;ifahf nfhLf;fyhk;.
m) mYtyf Nfhg;Gfs; M) mYtyf ,ae;jpuq;fs;
,) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
25) xt;nthU epWtdk; jk;Kila thp vt;tsT vd;gjid njhpe;J nfhs;tjw;F -------
cjTfpd;wJ.
thp fzf;fpay;
26) mlf;f tpiyahdJ -------- cs;s cwTfis nghUshjhu tsq;fspd; cjtpAld;
jpwk;gl gad;gLfpd;wd.
mlf;f tpiyf;Fk; ,yhgj;jpw;Fk;
27) ------ %ykhf thp fzf;fplg;gLfpd;wJ.
,yhg el;l fzf;F
28) epjp fzf;fpay; ------ nra;jpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ.
fle;j fhy
29) ----- fzf;fpay; Nkyhz;ik fzf;fpaYf;F Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.
mlf;f tpiy
30) mwpf;if vj;jid tifg;gLk;?
m) 4 M) 3 ,) 2 <) 1
31) epjp mwpf;iffs; vt;thW gad;gLfpd;wd
m) jpl;lkplTk; M) Kd; Ma;Tf;Fk;
,) jpl;lkplTk;> Kd; Ma;Tf;Fk; <) ,it VJkpy;iy
32) epjp mwpf;ifapd; ------ tpsf;fk; MFk;.
gFg;gha;T nghUs;
33) nghUs; tpsf;fkhdJ ------ tbtj;jpy; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
mwpf;if
34) epjp mwpf;iffis ve;j eilKiwfis ifahs Ntz;Lk;.
m) gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; M) nghUs; tpsf;fk;
,) jpl;lkplTk; <) ,it Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
35) tpfpjq;fis ----- Nghd;w gFg;gha;T fUtp cj;jpfspd; cjtpAld; gFg;gha;T
nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
m) xg;gPL nra;jy; M) epjp Xl;lk;
,) nghJ msT Nghf;F Ma;T <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
36) ve;j mwpf;iffspy; gFg;gha;T nra;tjhFk;
m) kW mikg;G nra;ag;gl;L M) jFe;j gbtj;jpy; gphpf;fg;gLjy;
,) xNu FOf;fshfg; gphpj;jy; <) Nkw;$wpa midj;Jk;
37) gy;NtW fhyq;fspy; epjp epiyiaf; fhl;Lk; mwpf;if ------ mwpf;iffshFk;.
xg;gPlL
; epjp
38) xg;gPlL ; mwpf;ifia ------ tifahfg; gphpf;fyhk;
m) ,uz;L M) %d;W ,) ehd;F <) xd;W
39) xg;gPlL ; mwpf;ifapd; tiffs; ahit?
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Ie;J
60) xNu ------ ,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l ,Ug;G epiyf; Fwpg;GfspYs;s xNu
,dq;fs;> ,dq;fspd; njhFg;Gfs; fzf;fplg;gl;l ,dq;fs; Mfpatw;wpd; Nghf;F
gw;wpa Ma;Nt xg;gPlL ; ,Ug;G epiy Fwpg;G MFk;.
epWtdj;jpd;
61) xU vz;Zf;Fk; kw;nwhU vz;Zf;Fk; cs;s njhlHig vz;rhh; $WtNj -------
vdg;gLk;.
tpfpjk;
62) xU vz;iz kw;nwhU vz;zpd; ------- $WtNj tpfpjkhFk;.
klq;fhf
63) xU vz;iz kw;nwhU vz;zhy; -------- nrhy;yyhk;.
tFj;Jk;
64) ------- MfpNahhpd; $w;Wg;gb tpfpjk; vd;gJ ,uz;L ek;gHfSf;fpilNa cs;s
cwit vz;rhh; Kiwapy; $WtjhFk;.
tpf;]d;> nfy;> ngl;Nghh;L
65) tpfpjk; vd;gJ ,uz;L vz;fSf;F ,ilNa cs;s njhlHig --------- mbg;gilapy;
$WtjhFk;.
fzpj
66) ------ gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; mjd; nghUis tpsf;fkhf $wTk; tpfpjg; gFg;gha;T
xU fUtpahfTk; cj;jpahfTk; gad;gLfpwJ.
epjp mwpf;iffis
67) -------- Fwpg;gpl;l KbTfis vLg;gjw;F ,J cjTfpwJ.
tpfpjg; gFg;gha;tpd; ,ay;G
68) tpfpjg; gFg;gha;tpd; ,ay;G ------ epiyfs; cs;sd.
ehd;F
69) ------ jFe;jhw;Nghy epjp mwpf;iffspypUe;J rpy tpfpjq;fis NjHe;njLf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
Nehf;fj;jpw;F
70) NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l nra;jpfspypUe;J nghUj;jkhd ------- fzf;fpl Ntz;Lk;.
tpfpjq;fis
71) ----- Nkw;nryTfs; kw;Wk; tpw;gid kw;Wk; toq;fy; Nkw;nryTfs; epjpj; jpl;lk;
MFk;.
epHthf
72) ------- nghUs; tpsf;fkspj;jy;.
tpfpjq;fSf;F
73) tpfpjq;fspd; nghUs; tpsf;fk; xU -------- tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
Kf;fpa fhuzpahf
74) xNunahU ------- ve;j tpjg; nghUisAk; nfhLf;fhJ.
tpfpjk;
75) ------ tpfpfspd; njhlHig gbj;jhy; mjd; nghUis ekf;F tpsf;f Ntz;Lk;.
eil Kiw
76) xU tpfpjk; kw;nwhU tpfpjq;fspd; cjtpAld; ------ mspf;fg;glyhk;.
nghUs; tpsf;fk;
77) ------ mNj epWtdj;jpd; fle;j fhy tpfpjq;fSld; xg;gPl;L ghh;g;gjhy; mjd;
nray;ghLfis mwpe;J nfhs;s cjtp Ghpfpd;wJ.
elg;G tpfpjq;fis
78) vjpHfhy tpfpjq;fis fzf;fPL nra;a ------ epjp mwpf;iffspd; mbg;gil
tpfpjq;fspy; fzf;fplyhk;.
jpl;lkplg;gl;l
79) xNu -------- <LgLk; epWtdq;fspd; xNu fhyj;J tpfpjq;fis xU epWtdj;jpd;
~ 48 ~
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www.Thennakam.com
~ 49 ~
www.Thennakam.com
www.Thennakam.com
~ 50 ~
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