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Labour Code of Romania PDF
Labour Code of Romania PDF
CHAPTER 1 - Scope
Art. 1. [scope] (1) This Code regulates every individual and collective employment
relationship, the enforcement of the regulations regarding the employment
relationships and the labour jurisdiction. (2) This Code also applies to employment
relationships regulated by special laws, unless the latter contain specific derogations.
Art. 2. [addressees] The provisions of this Code apply to: a) Romanian citizens under
an individual employment contract, engaged in an activity in Romania; b) Romanian
citizens under an individual employment contract and engaged in an activity abroad,
under contracts concluded with a Romanian employer, unless the legislation of the
country where the individual employment contract is performed is more favourable;
c) foreign nationals or stateless persons under an individual employment contract,
engaged in an activity for a Romanian employer on Romanian territory; d) persons
having acquired the refugee status and employed under an individual employment
contract on Romanian territory, under the terms of the law; e) apprentices engaged
in an activity under an on-the-job apprenticeship contract; f) employers, natural and
legal persons; g) trade unions and employers organizations.
CHAPTER 2 - Fundamental principles
Art. 3. [right to work] (1) The right to work is guaranteed by the Constitution. The
right to work may not be abridged. (2) A person shall be free to choose his/her job
and profession, trade or activity to perform. (3) No one may be forced to work or not
to work at a specific workplace or in a specific profession, whichever they may be.
(4) An employment contract concluded in breach of the provisions of paragraphs (1)-
(3) shall be null and void.
Art. 4. [prohibition of forced labour] (1) Forced labour shall be prohibited. (2)
oeForced labour means any work or service imposed on a person under threat
or for which he/she did not freely express his/her consent. (3) The work or activity
imposed by the public authorities for the following purposes shall not constitute
forced labour: a) pursuant to the law on the compulsory military service; b) for the
fulfilment of the civic duties established by law; c) on the basis of a final judicial
conviction, under the terms of the law; d) in case of an act of God, respectively in
case of war, disasters or disaster danger such as: fire, flood, earthquake, serious
epidemic and epizootic, animal or insect invasions and, generally, in all
circumstances threatening the life or the normal living conditions of the entire
population or a part of it.
Art. 5. [equal treatment ] (1) The principle of equal treatment for all employees and
employers shall operate within the framework of the employment relationships. (2)
Any direct or indirect discrimination against an employee based on sex, sexual
orientation, genetic characteristics, age, national affiliation, race, colour, ethnicity,
religion, political option, social origin, disability, family situation or responsibility,
trade union affiliation or activity shall be prohibited. (3) The acts and deeds of
exclusion, distinction, restriction or preference, based on one or several of the
criteria referred to in paragraph (2), which have the purpose or effect of denying,
restraining or removing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of the rights provided
for in the labour legislation shall constitute direct discrimination. (4) The acts and
deeds apparently based on other criteria than those referred to in paragraph (2), but
which effect to a direct discrimination, shall constitute indirect discrimination.
Art. 6. [employee protection] (1) An employee engaged in an occupation shall enjoy
working conditions adequate to the activity carried out, social protection, health and
safety at work, and respect of his/her dignity and conscience, without discrimination.
(2) An employee engaged in an occupation shall be recognized the right to collective
bargaining, the right to protection of personal data, and the right to protection
against unlawful dismissals. (3) Any discrimination based on sex shall, as regards all
elements and conditions of compensation, be prohibited for equal work or work of
equal value.
Art. 7. [freedom of association] The employees and employers may freely associate
to defend their rights and professional, economic and social interests.
Art. 8. [consent, good faith, report, consultation] (1) The employment relationships
shall be based on the principle of consent and good faith. (2) The participants to the
employment relationships, for the proper development of such relationships, shall
inform and consult each other, under the terms of the laws and collective labour
agreements.
Art. 9. [freedom to work abroad] Romanian citizens shall be free to work in the
Member States of the European Union and in any other country, in compliance with
the rules of the international labour law and bilateral treaties to which Romania is a
party.