To mng o bng VMware Workstation

VMware Workstation l phn mm to my o ni ting nht hin nay. Ngoi chc nng to my o, VMware
cn cho php ngi dng to ra cc mng o gia my tht, cc my o v mng ngoi ca my tht. Bi vit
ny s gip bn hiu v mng o trong VMware Workstation 5,6 c th t xy dng mng LAN/WAN cho
ring mnh phc v vic hc networking (rt hu ch cho nhng ai khng c thit b hc thc hnh mng).

0. Ci t VMware Workstation 6 v to my o
Cng vic ny rt n gin, nu bn ln u lm quen vi VMware th coi nh y l mt bi tp nh cho bn.
Chng ti s coi nh bn to c cc my o ri v i lun vo vic cu hnh mng o.

1. Ni my tht/ my o vo cc switch o
VMware Workstation cung cp cho ngi dng 10 switch o VMnet i (i= 0, 1, 8, 9) lm cng c cho cc
my giao tip vi nhau (my tht vi my o, my o vi my o hay my o vi mng ngoi ca my tht).
Ngi dng s ni cc card mng (NIC) ca my tht hay my o vo cc virtual switch ny to thnh
mt hay nhiu mng LAN o theo mun. Cc switch VMnet0, VMnet1, VMnet8 cn c ni sn vi mt
vi thit b o c bit khc (virtual bridge, virtual DHCP server, virtual NAT device) s c ni n cc
phn sau. (Trong thc t c th dng dy mng ni trc tip 2 my li vi nhau nhng trong VMware nu 2
my mun giao tip c vi nhau vn phi ni vo cng mt switch no )
1.1 Ni my tht vi cc switch o:
Ngi dng c th ni cc NIC tht (trn my tht) sn c vo cc swtich o hay cng c th dng VMware
to ra thm cc NIC o (trn my tht) ri ni chng vo cc switch o.
a. Ni NIC tht vo switch o:

Hnh 1: Ni cc NIC tht hay NIC o ca my tht vo cc switch o

2 NIC tht 3Com EtherLink v Intel PRO c ln lt ni vo 2 switch VMnet5 v VMnet3
2 NIC o VMware Network Adapter VMnet 1,8 c to sn v t ng ni vo 2 switch VMnet1,8
Ngi dng to thm NIC o VMware Network Adapter VMnet 6 v c t ng ni vo switch VMnet6

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Trong VMware chn Edit Virtual Network Setting Host Virtual Network Mapping (xem hnh 1), ti mi
combo box ca cc switch o, ngi dng c th chn mt NIC tht ni vo (d nhin mt NIC ch c th
c ni vo nhiu nht l mt switch). Ring switch VMnet0, NIC tht s khng c ni trc tip vo switch
m phi ni thng qua mt virtual bridge iu ny s c ni n phn 2.
b. Ni NIC o trn my tht vo switch o:
VMware cho php to ra cc NIC o (VMware Network Adapter VMnet i) trn my tht ni cc NIC o ny
vo cc switch o. Mi mt NIC o loi ny khi c to ra th c ni sn vo mt switch tng ng,
khng thay i c. V d: ni my tht vo switch o VMnet6 , ngi dng c th dng NIC tht ni
vo nhng nu mun dng NIC o ni vo switch ny th ngi dng buc phi to ra NIC o VMware
Network Adapter VMnet 6. Khi c to ra th NIC o ny lun c ni vo switch VMnet6, nu mun ni
vo switch VMnet3 (chng hn) th ngi dng phi to thm NIC o VMware Network Adapter VMnet 3.
to thm hoc cu hnh cc NIC o loi ny, chn Edit Virtual Network Setting Host Virtual Adapters
(xem hnh 2) sau la chn cc thao tc Add/ Remove/ Disable/ Enable.

Hnh 2: To thm hoc g b cc NIC o trn my tht

Sau khi ci t VMware, VMware cng to sn cho bn 2 NIC o l VMware Network Adapter VMnet1 (ni
vi switch VMnet1) v VMware Network Adapter VMnet 8 (ni vi switch VMnet8) (trong Window c th thy
trong Control Panel\ Network Connection), nu khng mun bn c th remove chng.
Ch v ch c 10 switch o nn ti a ngi dng to c 10 NIC o trn my tht. VMware cng ch cho
php hoc l mt NIC tht hoc l mt NIC o (trn my tht) c ni vo mt switch m khng th c 2 NIC
cng ni vo switch.
1.2 Ni my o vi switch o:
Cng vic ny rt n gin, bn ch cn m my o ra ri chn VM Setting (xem hnh 3). to thm cc
NIC o bm Add, ni mt NIC o sn c vi mt switch no bn nh du
o Custom: Specific virtual network
ri chn switch cn ni. Ba cn li:
o Bridged: Connected directly to the physical network
o Host only: A private network shared with the hosts
o NAT: Used to share the hosts IP address
Ln lt tng ng vi cc switch VMnet0, VMnet1, VMnet8 l cc switch c bit s c tho lun k
ngay di y.

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 Hnh 3: Ni NIC o ca my o vo cc switch o

2. VMnet0 (Bridged mode) v Virtual Bridge

Bn nn dng switch VMnet0 nu my tht ca bn nm trong mt mng LAN v bn mun cc my o tham
gia vo mng LAN ny nh th n l my tht. iu ny c thc hin bng mt bridge o 3 cng ni vi
switch VMnet0 (xem hnh 4) (v th m VMware gi kiu mng o ny l Bridged mode).

Hnh 4: VMware t ng ni NIC tht vo switch VMnet0 qua mt bridge o

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 Ngi dng c cm gic ng ni vt l ra mng ngoi xut pht t bridge o ch khng phi t NIC tht

Nu my tht c NIC tht th NIC tht s c ni vi bridge o (nu khng c NIC tht th bridge o tr thnh
v ngha). Vic ni ny l hon ton do VMware lm t ng, bn c th khng cn quan tm nhng cng c
cu hnh li theo mnh c. Trong Edit\ Virtual Network Setting\ Host Virtual Network Mapping (xem hnh
1), ti combo box ca VMnet0 bn c th ch Bridged to an automatically chosen adapter VMware
t chn NIC tht u tin c th thng vi mng ngoi hoc bn cng c th ch r ra NIC tht no s c ni
vi bridge (nu c nhiu NIC tht).
Nu NIC tht c mt ng dy ni vi mng vt l ngoi (ni vo mt mng LAN hay ni vo mt modem
ADSL c NAT c bt chng hn) th VMware s to ra mt c ch ngi dng c cm gic nh ng
dy ni vt l vi mng ngoi khng phi xut pht t NIC tht m xut pht t bridge o. C ch ny phi
m bo NIC tht khng nhng ch gi/nhn cc gi tin t/n my tht m cn gi/nhn cc gi tin t/n
my o nm trong my tht, tuy nhin bi vit ny s khng i su vo tm hiu

3. VMnet1 (Host only mode) v Virtual DHCP server

Nh ni phn 1 ngay khi ci t xong, VMware to sn cho bn NIC o trn my tht l VMware
Network Adapter VMnet1 ni lun vo switch VMnet1, do nu bn ch mun cc my o giao tip vi my
tht (m khng cn thng vi mng ngoi ca my tht) th bn ch vic ni NIC ca cc my o vo switch
VMnet1 (xem hnh 5). Kiu ni mng my tht vi my o ny VMware gi l Host only, c th thc hin host
only vi cc switch cn li nhng trc bn phi to cc NIC o cho my tht (xem hnh 2).

Hnh 5: Switch VMnet1 c ni sn vi mt virtual DHCP server v NIC o VMware Network Adapter VMnet1
C th g DHCP server ny ra cng nh to thm cc DHCP server khc ni vo cc switch cn li

Switch VMnet1 c mt im c bit l n lun c ni vi mt virtual DHCP server (do VMware cung cp).
Sau khi ci t VMware to sn cho ngi dng 2 Virtual DHCP server v mc nh ni vi switch VMnet1
v switch VMnet 8, nu cn bn cng c th t to thm cc virtual DHCP server cho cc switch khc hoc g
b cc virtual DHCP server khi cc switch bng cch vo Edit\ Virtual Network Setting\ DHCP (xem hnh 6).
cu hnh cho virtual DHCP server ti tab DHCP bn chn Properties sau t di a ch IP cn gn, thi
gian gn (xem hnh 7). Ch phn ch Subnet v Netmask b m nn bn phi quay li hnh 1 bm vo
nt th mi thit lp c.
Virtual DHCP server lun dng a ch lp C gn cho cc my: My tht lun l <net>.1, DHCP server lun
l <net>.254, cc my o trong switch thng nm trong di <net>.3 - <net>.253, NAT device (xem phn 4)
(nu c) lun l <net>.2.
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Nu bn to DHCP server cho switch VMnet0 (xem phn 3) th cc my mng ngoi ca my tht c th b
nh hng.

Hnh 6: To thm/ G b cc virtual DHCP server cho cc switch VMnet 1,6,8

DHCP settting dialog, bn c th thit lp di

a ch IP cp pht (Start IP , End IP) nhng
Subnet, Netmask b m. Mun thit lp 2 ny,
vo vo Edit Virtual Network Setting Host
Virtual Network Mapping, sau chn switch cn

thit lp, bm vo chn Subnet

Hnh 7: Cu hnh cp pht a ch IP cho virtual DHCP server

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4. VMnet8 (NAT mode) v Virtual NAT device

Hnh 8: Switch VMnet8 c ni sn vi: NIC o VMware Network Adapter VMnet8, virtual DHCP server, virtual
NAT device. Cc my o s c NAT thng qua gateway l virtual NAT device.

Bn nn dng switch VMnet8 ny nu mun chia s a ch IP ca my tht cho cc my o bi switch VMnet8

lun c ni vi mt (theo cch gi ca VMware l) virtual NAT device (xem hnh 8). My tht lc ny va
c th ni vo switch VMnet8 thng qua VMware Network Adapter VMnet 8 c to sn, li va c th
lm gateway cho cc my trong mng ca switch VMnet8.

Hnh 9: Mc nh NAT device c ni sn vi switch VMnet8, nhng c th g ra v ni vo cc switch khc

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V nguyn tc bn c th cho rng
VMware cng s t to ra mt
NIC o trn my tht (nh l 2
NIC o VMware Network Adapter
VMnet 1 v 8) lm gateway ri
NAT gia gateway ny v NIC
tht nhng trn thc t VMware
khng lm nh vy, thay vo
n to ra mt virtual NAT
device lm gateway. L d nhin
NAT device cng phi c a ch
IP nh NIC vy nhng bn khng
th cu hnh n nh mt NIC
c. (Trong Windows nu vo
Control Panel\ Network
Connection bn s khng tm thy
NAT device ny)
cu hnh NAT device bn vo
Vo Edit\ Virtual Network Setting\
NAT (xem hnh 9)
Theo mc nh NAT device c
ni sn vi switch VMnet8 nhng
bn cng c th ni n vi mt
swtich khc. Tuy nhin ch c
ng mt virtual NAT device c
to ra trn my tht th nn ti
mt thi im NAT device ny Hnh 10: t a ch IP cho gateway (NAT device) v cu hnh NAT service
cng ch c ni vi mt switch
no thi. iu ny dn n vic nu bn c 2 LAN segment v mun NAT cho c 2 LAN segment ny cng
mt lc th khng th thc hin c. C th g NAT device khi switch bng cch chn Diable.
cu hnh cho gateway (tc l NAT device) bn chn Edit (xem hnh 10)

5. VM team v LAN segment

Hnh 11: Cc my ngoi ni vi cc switch, nu trong cng mt VM Team c th ni vo cng mt LAN segment.

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C mt cch cc my o giao tip c vi nhau m khng cn n cc virtual switch l add cc my o vo
mt Team ri to LAN segment cho Team bng cch: m Team, vo Edit Team setting, chn LAN segment.
Nu bn cha bit LAN segment ngha l g th c th hnh dung nh th ny: cc my nm trong cng mt
LAN segment cng ta nh cc my cng ni vo mt switch vy. Mi mt LAN segment hon ton c lp vi
my tht cng nh cc LAN segment khc. VMware cng khng t ng cung cp cc DHCP server cho LAN
segment, nu mun bn phi t to ly.
Trn mt my bn c th to ra nhiu NIC ri ni cc NIC ny vi LAN segment hoc cc virtual switch to
ra cc mng LAN theo mun. V d xem hnh 11, cc my WinXP, Win98, NIC1 ca WinServer thuc v
LAN segment LAN1, cc my RedHat5, FreeBSD, NIC4 ca WinServer thuc v LAN segment LAN2, cc
my Ubuntu, Solaris 10, NIC3 ca WinServer thuc v LAN segment VMnet5.

6. T to mng WAN bng VMware Workstation

Nu bn nm c cc thao tc vi NIC v switch o, bn s thy vic to ra mt mng WAN rt n gin.
Vn vi v d hnh 11, bn c 3 LAN segment l LAN1, LAN2, VMnet5, my WinServer c cc NIC ni vi
cc segment ny v mt NIC ni vo switch VMnet0 (Bridged) c th thng ra mng ngoi. Bn ch cn cu
hnh hoc ci t chc nng router cho my WinServer l bn c mt mng WAN nh. Trn mng WAN ny
bn c th ci t thm cc Web server, DSN server c mt mng Intranet.
Tm li nu bn mun thc hnh mng m khng c nhiu my tnh cng nh cc network device th VMware
Workstation l mt gii php tt.

T Nguyn
Ti liu tham kho:
VMware Workstation 6.0 Users Manual

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