GeoSlope BaiTap GS Man P PDF

www.vncold.
vn Hi p ln Vit Nam
GII THIU
SLOPE /W V.5 l mt trong 6 phn mm a k thut trong b GEO -SLOPE
Office ca GEO-SLOPE International Canada. Nguyn bn ca bn dch ny trch
trong Ti liu Hng dn s dng chng trnh SLOPE/W V.5 c nng cp -
cp nht t thng 12/ 2001, dng phn tch n nh mi t - , l phin bn mi
nht ca ca GEO-SLOPE International.
Ti liu ny dng hc tp, gip bn lm quen vi vic gii quyt tng bc

mt bi ton phn tch n nh mi t - trong a k thut, trc khi t gii quyt
mt bi ton c lin quan gp trong thc t.
Km theo ti liu ny, c th dng Free Student Edition trong CD ROM do

GEO-SLOPE International mi pht hnh hoc ti t trang Web ca Cng ty trn
lm quen vi cc bi ton n gin, cng nh cho nhng ai mun bit y hn
tnh nng ca phn mm ny, nht l v mt tch hp gia SLOPE/W vi cc mun
khc nhau m rng kh nng gii quyt cc loi bi ton khc nhau c th gp
trong thc t.
SLOPE/W l phn mm giao din ho, 32 bit c th iu hnh trong MT

Wins 95/98/NT/2000 v XP, phn tch n nh mi t - theo PP cn bng gii
hn trong khi t bo ho v khng bo ho gm 9 phng php khc nhau;
SLOPE/W c th phn tch v gii cc bi ton mi dc khng ng nht trn
nn , trng hp mt trt xc nh trc theo tng khi, mi t chu ti trng
ngoi v c gia c.
SLOPE/W c th ghp ni vi SEEP/W phn tch n nh mi dc trong iu
kin c p lc nc l rng phc tp, vi SIGMA/W phn tch n nh mi dc theo
ng sut phn t, vi QUAKEW phn tch n nh mi dc c xt ti tc ng ng
t v phn tch n nh mi dc theo l thuyt tin cy, do c th p dng
chng vo vic tnh ton - thit k cc cng trnh xy dng, a k thut v khai thc
m...c lin quan ti mi dc.
Cc ng dng thng thng ca Windows nh nhn - cm nhn lm cho
chng trnh d hc v d dng, c bit nu bn quen thuc vi cc thao tc
trong mi trng Windows.
Ngoi nhng u im c ca GEO-SLOPE Office V.4, phin bn mi ny
c b sung nhiu im v mt tin hc lm cho phn mm Users Friendly v tit
kim thi gian hn.
Bn c mun tm hiu thm v GEO -SLOPE Office 5 ni chung hoc

SLOPE/W ni ring, xin mi lin h vi ngi dch theo a ch sau:
Tel. 84.4.852 8512. E-mail: ncman@fpt.vn

Bin dch
GS. Nguyn Cng Mn
1 1
GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

www.vncold.vn Hi p ln Vit Nam
Mc lc
Mt bi ton v d..................................................................................................3-5
Xc nh bi ton...................................................................................................3-6
Lp phm vi lm vic...............................................................................................3-6
Lp t l...................................................................................................................3-7
Lp khong li...................................................................................................3-8
Lu gi bi ton.......................................................................................................3-9
Phc ho bi ton..................................................................................................3-10
Xc nh phng php phn tch............................................................................3-
n
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Xc nh cc la chn phn tch............................................................................3-13
Xc nh tnh cht ca t.....................................................................................3-15
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V cc ng........................................................................................................3-17
V ng o p.....................................................................................................3-19
V bn knh mt trt............................................................................................3-21
V li mt trt.................................................................................................3-23
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Xem u tin...........................................................................................................3-25
V cc trc............................................................................................................3-27
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Hin th cc tnh cht ca t.................................................................................3-29
Dn nhn cho t..................................................................................................3-32
Thm nhn vo bi ton........................................................................................3-36
Kim tra bi ton ..................................................................................................3-40
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Lu gi bi ton.....................................................................................................3-41
Gii bi ton.........................................................................................................3-41
Bt u gii...........................................................................................................3-42
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Thoat khi SOLVE................................................................................................3-43
Xem kt qu.........................................................................................................3-43
V cc mt trt chn trc...................................................................................3-
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45 Xem phng
php.................................................................................................3-46
Xem cc lc ln thi..............................................................................................3-47
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V cc ng vin.................................................................................................3-49
t nhn ln ng vin........................................................................................3-49
V th cc kt qu............................................................................................3-51
In bn v...............................................................................................................3-54
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Dng cc tnh cht mi ca SLOPE/W...............................................................3-55

Xc nh mt phng chnh xc phn tch.........................................................3-
56
Thc hin phn tch theo xc sut ........................................................................3-57
Nhp hnh..............................................................................................................3-66
2 2

Bi ton v d.
Chng ny gii thiu vi bn v SLOPE/W bng cch trnh by tng bc
qu trnh phn tch mt bi ton n nh mi n gin. Bng cch thc hin tng
bc theo trnh t trnh by, bn s c th xc nh c mt bi ton tnh h s an
ton v xem c kt qu tnh. Sau khi hon thnh bi ton ny, bn c th nhanh
chng hiu c ton b c im v thao tc SLOPE/W.
Hnh 3.1 gii thiu s mt bi ton n nh mi. Mc ch ca bi ton l

tnh c h s an ton nh nht v xc nh v tr mt trt ti hn.
Mi dc ct qua hai vt liu vi gc mi 2:1 (ngang:ng). Lp trn dy 5m v

tng chiu cao l 10m. Pha di y mi 4m c lp cng. iu kin v p sut
n
nc l rng c m t bi ng o p trong hnh 3.1. Nhng thng s v cng
ca t cng c ghi trong hnh 3.1.
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Hnh 3.1. Mt bi ton mu n nh mi t.

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Xc nh bi ton
Chc nng ca SLOPE/W DEFINE dng xc nh bi ton.
h bt u DEFINE:
Chn DEFINE t thc n Start Program ca SLOPE/W.
Khi ca s DEFINE xut hin, nhn phm Maximize gc phi pha trn ca s
DEFINE, lc ca s DEFINE s chim ton b mn hnh. iu ny cc i ho
khng gian lm vic xc nh bi ton.
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Ch : Gi nh rng bn quen vi nhng im c bn ca mi trng
Windows. Nu cha, trc ht bn cn hc cch thao tc trong mi trng
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Windows, sau hc cch s dng SLOPE/W. Bn hng dn s dng SLOPE/W
khng c nhng ch dn v nhng im c bn s dng Windows. Bn s tm
nhng thng tin ny ti liu khc.
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Lp phm vi lm vic
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Phm vi lm vic l kch thc khong khng gian c th xc nh c bi
ton. Phm vi lm vic c th nh hn, bng hoc ln hn t giy in. Nu phm vi
lm vic ln hn trang in, bi ton s c in trn nhiu trang khi Zoom Factor bng
1 hoc ln hn. Phm vi lm vic cng c th c t sao c th lm vic theo mt
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t l thun tin. Theo v d ny, phm vi lm vic thch hp l 260mm rng v
200mm cao.
h t kch thc trang lm vic:

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1. Chn Page t thc n Set. Hp thoi Set Page xut hin:

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Hp nhm Printer Page biu th tn my in c chn dng v phm vi c th

in c trong mt trang in. Thng tin ny c a ra gip bn c th xc nh
4 4

mt khong lm vic ph hp vi mt trang in.
2. Chn mm trong hp nhm Page Units.
3.G 260 vo hp vn bn Working Area Width. G phm TAB chuyn sang

hp son tho tip theo.
4.G 200 vo hp vn bn Height.
5. Chn OK.
Lp t l.
Dng hnh hc ca bi ton c xc nh bng mt. T l thch hp l 1:200.
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T l ny nh hnh v ph hp vi trang giy.
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Dng hnh hc ca bi ton c xc nh bng mt. Nh nu trong hnh
3.1 , bi ton c 14m chiu cao v 40m chiu rng. Gc tri pha di ca bi ton
s ly ti im (0,0). Khong rng cn ln hn kch thc bi ton c th c mt
l quanh hnh v. Trc tin chng ta d tnh khong rng t -4 n 40m theo c hai
d
chiu. Mt khi khong rng ca bi ton c thit lp, DEFINE tnh ra mt t l
xp x. Tip theo, t l c th c iu chnh n mt gi tr ng. Phm vi cc
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i ca x v y s c t ng iu chnh phn nh ng t l chn.
h lp t l:
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1. Chn Set Scale t thc n DEFINE. Hp thoi Set Scale xut hin:
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2. Chn Meters trong hp nhm Engineering Units.

3. G cc gi tr sau y vo cc hp son tho Problem Extents:
Minimum: x: - 4 Minimum: y: - 4
Maximum: x: 40 Maximum: y: 40
5 5

T l trong Horz.1 s i thnh 169.23 v Vert.1 i thnh 220. Chng ta khng

mun lm vic vi mt t l l nh vy. i vi bi ton ny, chn t l chn 1:200
v c hai pha. By gi chn Lock Scales t l s khng thay i mt khi g
cc gi tr vo cc hp son tho.
4. G 200 vo hp son tho Horz.1 v 220 vo hp Vert.1.
Maximum x s i thnh 48 v Maximum y i thnh 36. iu ny c ngha l

t l 1:200, phm vi t 4 n 48 theo phng x v t 4 n 36 theo phng y l
cho php i vi phm vi lm vic chn trc y l 260mm rng v 200mm cao.
5. Chn OK.
V bi ton c xc nh theo met v kN, nn trng lng n v ca nc
n
phi l 9,807 kN/m3; l gi tr mc nh ng khi cc kch thc cng trnh xc
nh theo met.
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Lp khong li.
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Mt nn im li cn cho vic v bi ton ny. Nhng im ny c th c
nh v khi to dng hnh hc ca bi ton lp nhng im v ng c ta
chnh xc. Khong li thch hp trong v d ny l 1m.
h xc nh v hin th li:
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1. Chn Grid t thc n Set. Hp thoi Set Grid xut hin:
nc
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2. G 1 vo hp son tho Grid Spacing X.

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3. G 1 vo hp son tho Y.
Khong cch thc gia cc im mt li trn trn mn hnh s bng

5.0mm.Gi tr ny c hin th trong hp nhm Actual Grid Spacing.
4. nh du vo hp chn Display Grid.
5. nh du vo hp chn Snap to Grid.
6. Chn OK.
6 6

Li hin th trong ca s DEFINE. Khi di chuyn con ch trong ca s, cc

to ca im li gn nht ( theo n v k thut ) c hin th trong thanh trng
thi.
Lu gi bi ton.
D liu xc nh bi ton cn c ct gi trong mt tp. iu ny cho php
cc chc nng SOLVE v CONTOUR truy nhp c s liu xc nh bi ton
gii v xem kt qu.
D liu c th c lu gi bt c lc no trong khi xc nh bi ton. Trong

thc t, nn thng xuyn lu gi d liu.
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h lu d liu vo mt tp:
1. Chn Save t thc n File. Hp thoi sau y s xut hin.
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2. G mt tn tp vo hp vn bn File Name. V d nhp tn LEARN.

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3. Chn Save. S liu s c ct gi vo tp LEARN.SLP. Khi s liu c

lu gi, tn tp c hin th trn thanh tiu ca s DEFINE.
Tn tp c th bao gm mt tn a v ng dn th mc. Nu khng gp

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ng dn vo, tp s c lu gi trong tn th mc hin th trong hp Save In.
Tu thuc loi tp chn, ui m rng tn tp phi l hoc SLZ hay SLP.

SLOPE/W s thm ui m rng ny vo tn tp nu n khng c c t.
Ln sau chn File Save, tp s c lu gi m khng phi a trc vo hp

thoi Save File As. S d vy v mt tn tp c m ho.
Thng c li hn khi sa i mt tp lu gi n di mt tn khc. Lm

nh vy s gi c cc ni dung trc y ca tp.
7 7

h lu d liu vo mt tp vi mt tn khc:
1. Chn File Save As. Cng hp thoi xut hin.
2. G tn tp mi.
Nu tn tp nhp c, my s hi bn c mun thay tp c khng. Nu

chn No, bn phi nhp li tn tp. Nu chn Yes, sao chp trc ca tp s mt.
Phc ha bi ton.
thun li trong vic xc nh mt bi ton n nh mi, trc tin cn phi
phc ha kch thc bi ton. Phc ha ny l mt hng dn hu ch v nhng
n
yu t hnh hc ca bi ton.
h phc ha bi ton n nh mi:
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1. Trong thanh cng c Zoom, nhn phm tri chut vo nt Zoom Page.
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Ton b min lm vic hin th trong ca s DEFINE.
2. Chn Lines t thc n Sketch. Con tr s bin i t mi tn thnh mt CH
Sketch Lines.
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( Cross Hair - hnh ch thp mnh ), v thanh trng thi s cho bit rng ang ch
3. Dng chut, di chuyn con tr n gn (0,14), nh nu trong thanh trng

nc
thi y ca s, v nhn phm tri ca chut. Con tr nh v im li ti (0,14).
Khi di chuyn chut, mt ng thng c k t (0,14) n v tr mi ca con tr.
V tr con tr ( trong n v k thut ) lun hin th trong thanh trng thi. N

c cp nht khi dng chut di chuyn con tr.
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4. Di chuyn con tr n gn (10,14) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v ti

(10,14 ) v mt ng thng c v t (0,14) n (10,14).
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5. Di chuyn con tr n gn (30,4) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

c ni t (10,14) n (30,4).
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c ni t (30,4) n (40,4).

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c v t (40,4) n (40,0).

c ni t (40,0) n (0,0).
9. Di chuyn con tr n (0,14) v nhn phm tri ca chut. Mt ng thng

c v t (0,0) n (0,14).
10. Nhn phm phi chut kt thc phn v ng. Con tr s bin i t
CH sang hnh mi tn; bn tr v Work Mode.
8 8

11. Li chn Lines t thc n Sketch.
12. Di chuyn con tr n gn (0,9) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v ti

(0,9).

c v t (0,9) n (20,9), l bin gia lp t trn v di.
14. Nhn phm phi ca chut kt thc phn v ng. Con tr s chuyn
t CH v hnh mi tn; bn tr li Work Mode.
15. Trong Zoom Toolbar, nhn phm tri chut ln nt Zoom Objects.
Hnh v c m rng cc ng bn va v c cha y ca s
n
DEFINE.
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Sau khi hon thnh cc bc nu trn, mn hnh ca bn s nh sau:
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Xc nh phng php phn tch.

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h xc nh phng php phn tch:
1. Chn Analysis Setting t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau y s xut hin:
9 9

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2. Ch chn Bishop, Ordinary v Janbu).
3. Chn OK.
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Xc nh cc la chn phn tch.

h xc nh nhng la chn dng trong phn tch:
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1. Chn phm PWP t Analysis Settings trong thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau
y xut hin:
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10 10

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2. Chn p sut nc l rng t Piezometric Lines with Ru / B-bar.
3. Chn phm Control t Analysis Settings trong thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau
xut hin:
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11 11

S khng dng phn tch theo xc sut.
S khng dng Tension Crack Option.
Hng chuyn ng ca mt trt s i t tri sang phi.
Grid v Radius c chn trong Slip Surface. iu ny cho php xc nh mt

trt bng cch xc nh mt li cc tm v cc ng bn knh.
4. Chn OK.
Xc nh tnh cht ca t.
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Cc tnh cht ca t trong bi ton ny c nu trn hnh 3.1. Cc tnh cht
phi c xc nh cho ba vt liu
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h xc nh cc tnh cht ca t:
1. Chn Soil Properties t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi KeyIn Soil

Properties xut hin:
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2. G 1 vo hp vn bn Soil ( pha di hp danh mc) ch rng bn ang

xc nh Soil 1.
3. G TAB hai ln chuyn sang hp son tho Description (Strength Model

khng cn chn v l m hnh mc nh Mohr - Coulomb).
4. Nhp Upper Soil Layer vo hp son tho Description.
12 12

5. Nhp 15 vo hp son tho Unit Weight.
6. Nhp 5 vo hp son tho Cohesion.
7. Nhp 20 vo hp son tho Phi.
8. Chn Copy. Cc gi tr cha trong cc hp son tho c sao chp vo

hp danh mc.
9. Lp li cc bc t 2 n 8 i vi Soil 2, t Lower Soil Layer vo

Description, 18 vo Unit Weight, 10 voCohesion v 25 vo Phi.
10. Nhp 3 vo hp son tho Soil.
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11. Nhn trn nt c mi tn ch xung pha tri hp son tho Strength
Model v chn m hnh cng Bedrock. Phn Soil Description l Bedrock v Unit
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Weight i thnh 1.
12. Chn Copy sao chp cc tnh cht ca vo hp danh mc. Hp danh
mc by gi ging nh hp thoi nu trn.
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13. Chn OK.
V cc ng.
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Dng hnh hc v a tng c xc nh bi cc ng thng ni n cc
nc
im. Mt ng thng phi c xc nh cho mi lp t. Mi ng thng phi
bt u ti im cc tri v kt thc ti im cc phi. Trnh t thng thng l xc
nh theo tun t ng nh trc (Soil 1) ri n cc ng cn li.
h v cc ng dng hnh hc:

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1. Chn Lines t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau y xut hin:

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2. Chn 1 trong hp danh mc bung Line # v Line 1 (y l gi tr mc

nh).
3. Chn nt Draw. Con ch s bin i t mi tn sang CH v thanh trng thi

s ch rng Draw Lines l ch ang thao tc.
13 13

4. Di chuyn con tr n gn (0,14) ri nhn phm tri chut [ta (0,14) c

hin th trn thanh cng c trc khi nhn chut] . Con tr nh v im li ti (0,14)
v to thnh mt im ti . Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng thng c v t
im (im 1) n v tr mi ca con tr.
5. Di chuyn con tr n nh mi (10,14) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh

v im li ti (10,14), mt im na c to lp (im 2), v mt ng c
v t im 1 n im 2.
6. Chuyn con tr dc mi dc n ch ct gia cc loi t (20,9) v nhn

phm tri chut. Con tr nh v im li ti (20,9), mt im na c to thnh
(im 3) v mt ng c v t im 2 n im 3.
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7. Chuyn con tr ti gn chn mi (30,4) v nhn phm tri chut.
8. Chuyn con tr ti pha phi ca bi ton gn (40,4) v nhn phm tri chut.
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Ri nhn phm phi chut ( hoc g phm ESC ) kt thc phn v ng 1.
Hp thoi Draw Lines li xut hin.
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9. Nhn vo mi tn ch xung pha phi ca hp son tho Line #. Mt danh
mc cc ng v c ( mi ng cho mi s t xc nh) xut hin.
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10. Nhn vo 2 trong hp danh mc bung ri chn nt Draw bt u v

ng 2. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn sang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch
rng Draw Lines ang trong ch hot ng.
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11. Di chuyn con tr sang pha tri ca bi ton gn ch tip xc gia lp t

trn v di (0,9) v nhn phm tri chut.
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12. Nhn phm tri chut gn im 3 (20,9). (Con tr nh v im 3 thay cho

vic to mt im mi ti (20,9), v im 3 c ti im li). Tip theo nhn phm
phi chut kt thc v ng 2.
V im cui ng 2 (im 3) nm gia ng trn (ng 1), SLOPE/W

ko di phn cn li ca ng 2 dc theo ng 1 t im 3 n im 5. ng
2 hon thnh th hin thnh mt ng v hp thoi Draw lines li xut hin.
13. Nhn chut vo mi tn ch xung pha phi ca hp son tho Line # v

chn 3.
14 14

14. Chn Draw bt u v ng 3. t 1 s c ph mu vng. Con ch

s chuyn t mt mi tn sang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch rng Draw Lines
ang trong ch iu hnh.
15. Chuyn con tr ti gc tri pha di gn ch tip xc gia lp t di v

gc (0,0) v nhn phm tri chut.
16. Chuyn con tr ti gc phi pha di gn ch tip xc gia lp t di

v gc (40,0) v nhn phm tri chut. Ri nhn phm phi chut kt thc phn
v ng 3.
17. Chn Done trong hp thoi Draw Lines kt thc v cc ng. t 2 s

c ph mu xanh l m nht.
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Sau khi bn lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh ca bn s nh sau:
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V ng o p.
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iu kin p sut nc l rng trong Soil 1 v Soil 2 c xc nh bi mt

ng o p.
h v ng o p:
1. Nu ct b li, chn lnh Snap Grid t Grid Toolbar.
2. Chn Pore Water Pressure t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
15 15

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3. Chn 1 trong Piez.Line # trong hp danh mc bung v mt ng o p
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(y l gi tr mc nh ).
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4. Chn Soil 1 (Upper Soil Layer) v Soil 2 (Lower Soil Layer) trong hp danh
mc Apply To Soils dng ng o p cho Soil 1 v 2.
5. Chn nt Draw. Con ch s i t mt mi tn sang CH, v thanh trng thi

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s ch rng Draw P.W.P. ang trong ch thao tc.
6. Chuyn con tr n gn (0,11) (ti pha tri ca bi ton) v nhn phm tri
chut. Con tr nh v vo im li ti (0,11) v mt im c to nn (im 9).
Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng t on c v t Point 9 n v tr mi ca con
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tr.
7. Chuyn con tr ti gn (15,8) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v vo

im li ti (15,8), mt im c to nn (Point 10), v mt ng c v t
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Point 9 n Point 10.
8. Di chuyn con tr n gn (30,3) v nhn phm tri chut.

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9. Chuyn con tr n gn (40,3) v nhn phm tri chut. Ri nhn phm phi
chut kt thc v ng o p cho Soil 1 v 2.
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Hp thoi Draw Piez.Lines li xut hin.
10. Chn Done trong hp thoi Draw Piez. Lines kt thc vic v ng o
p.
V cc mt trt khng m rng c vo gc nn khng cn xc nh

ng o p trong gc.
Sau khi bn hon thnh cc bc trn, mn hnh s nh sau:
16 16

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V cc bn knh mt trt.
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khng ch v tr cc mt trt th dn, cn xc nh cc ng hay im
c dng tnh bn knh cung trt.
h v cc ng bn knh:
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1. Nu loi b li c s, nhn nt Snap to Grid trong thanh cng c Grid.
2. Chn Slip Surface t thc n Draw. Mt thc n ni cp Slip Surface s

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xut hin.
Chn Radius t thc n ni cp Slip Surface. Con tr s chyn t mt mi tn

sang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch rng Dr aw Slip Surface Radius l ch
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ang iu hnh.
3. Chuyn con tr n gn ( 15,4 ) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v im

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li ti ( 15,4 ) v mt im c lp ( Point 13 ). Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng

c v t Point 13 ti v tr mi ca con tr.
4.Chuyn con tr ti gn ( 15,2 ) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v im

li ti ( 15,2 ), mt im c to ra ( Point 14 ), v mt ng c v t
Point 13 n Point 14.
5. Chuyn con tr n gn ( 29,2 ) v nhn phm tri chut.
6. Chuyn con tr n gn ( 29,4 ) v nhn phm tri chut.
17 17

Vng cc ng bn knh s c v ny c phc ho. Ca s thoi Draw

Slip Surface Radius xut hin:
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7. Tip nhn gi tr mc nh 2 lm cc # Radius Increments.
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8. Chn OK to lp cc ng bn knh.
Ba ng bn knh hin th trong ca s DEFINE. SLOPE/W SOLVE s xc

nh cc vng cung trt tip xc vi cc ng ny.
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Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh s nh sau:
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nc
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w
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V li mt trt.
nh r v khng ch v tr cc mt trt tnh th, cn xc nh mt h li
cc tm quay.
18 18

h v h li ca cc tm quay:
1. Nu loi b li nn, nhn vo nm Snap to Grid trong thanh cng c

Grid.
2. Chn Slip Surface t thc n Draw. Mt thc n ni cp Slip Surface s

xut hin.
3. Chn Grid t thc n ni cp Slip Surface. Con tr s chyn t mt mi tn

sang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch rng Dr aw Slip Surface Grid l ch ang
iu hnh.
4. Di chuyn con tr n gn (23,25) v nhn phm tri chut. (C th phi cun

ca s trc n c v tr ny ). Con tr nh v im li ti (23,25) v mt
n
im c to nn ( Point 17). Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng thng c v t
Point 17 n v tr mi ca con tr.
.v
5. Di chuyn con tr n gn (22,19) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v
im li ti (22,19) v mt im c to nn ( Point 18 ). Khi di chuyn con tr,
mt hnh bnh hnh c v t Point 17 n Point 18 n v tr mi ca tr.
d
6. Di chuyn con tr n gn (26,19) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt hnh bnh
hnh c v t im 17 n im 18 n im 19.
ol
Vng cc li tm s c v ra by gi c khoanh li. Ca s thoi
Draw Slip Surface Grid xut hin:
nc
.v
w
Gi tr trong hp gia s biu th s khong chia nm ngang v thng ng trong

vng chia li.
w
7. Nhp 2 vo hp son tho s gia X.

w
8. Nhp 3 vo hp son tho s gia Y.
9. Chn OK hay Apply lp cc tm li.
Mt li 12 im tm c hin th trong ca s DEFINE. SLOPE/W SOLVE

s dng cc tm im ny xc nh cc vng cung trt.
Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh s nh sau:
19 19

n
d .v
u tin xem.
ol
Bn khng cn cn xem cc im hoc s cc im trong ca s DEFINE.
nc
h loi b cc im v s cc im:
1. Chn Preferences t thc n View. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
.v
w
w
w
20 20

2. Khng nh du vo hp chn Points khng hin th bt k im no trn

hnh v.
3. Khng nh du vo hp chn Points v Line Numbers khng hin th bt
k cc s ca im hoc ng trn hnh v.
5. Chn OK.
Bi ton s c v khng c cc im hoc cc s ca im v ng hin
th.
CH : Bn c th chn v khng chn View Preferences bng cch nhn trn cc

biu tng trong thanh cng c View Preferences. Bn c th bit v mi biu tng
bng cch t con tr trn biu tng. Mt mi cng c s xut hin sau vi giy v
n
s m t s hin th trn trn thanh trng thi ti y ca s.
V cc trc.
.v
V mt trc trn hnh d xem v din gii hnh v sau khi in.
h v mt trc:
1. Nu loi b cc li nn, nhn trn nt Snap to Grid trong thanh cng
c Grid. iu ny cho php xc nh mt vng cch qung u trn cc trc.
d
2. Chn Axis t thc n Sketch. Hp thoi sau y xut hin:
ol
nc
.v
w
w
w
21 21

3. nh du cc hp chn Left Axis, Bottom Axis v Axis Numbers trong hp

nhm Display. Khng chn cc hp kim tra Top Axis v Right Axis.
iu ny s cho v mt trc X dc y vng xc nh v mt trc Y dc theo

pha tri vng xc nh.
4. Chn OK. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn sang mt CH v thanh trng

thi s cho bit Sketch Axes ang ch iu hnh.
5. Di chuyn con tr n gn (0,0). Nhn gi phm tri chut. Khi di chuyn

chut, mt hnh ch nht xut hin.
6. R chut gn (40,25) v th phm tri chut.
n
Mt trc x v y c sinh ra trong vng.
.v
Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh nh sau:
d
ol
nc
.v
w
w
w
Nu mun iu chnh s gia trn trc, chn Axis t thc n Set. Xem on
DEFINE Reference c thm thng tin v lnh Set Axis.
Hin th cc tnh cht ca t.

Khi xc nh c bi ton, bn c th nhanh chng kim tra kp cc tnh
cht ca t bo m rng chng c xc nh ng. Lnh View Soil Properties
cho php chn bng th mt tuyn hoc mt vng t v xem cc tnh cht ca
chng; bn cng c th hin th mt danh mc cc tnh cht ca t v in hoc sao
22 22

chp danh mc vo b nh m Windows nhp vo cc p dng khc.
h hin th cc tnh cht ca t:
1. Chn Soil Properties t thc n View. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn

thnh mt CH v thanh trng thi s ch rng View Soil Properties ang ch
thao tc. Hp thoi sau hin th:
n
.v
2. Di chuyn con tr n gn ( 5,11 ) ( hoc bt k ch no trong Soil 1 hay trn
d
nh ca Soil Line 1 ) v nhn phm tri chut. t c chn theo mt vng gch
cho, v ng v cc im ca t c lm r. Cc tnh cht ca Soil 1 c
hin th trong hp thoi sau: ol
nc
.v
w
Hp thoi lit k s hiu, m t, m hnh t, cc tnh cht ring ca m hnh

t, ng o p hoc gi tr ru c trng cho t, v p sut l rng .
w
3. xem cc tnh cht ca t, li m hp thoi bng cch ko mp y ca

s bung ti khi mi thng tin hin th.
w
4. xem cc tnh cht ca Soil 2, nhn phm tri chut ti gn ( 5,5 ) ( hoc ti
bt k ch no trong Soil 2 hay trn nh Soil Line 2 ) v nhn phm tri chut. t
c chn theo mt vng gch cho, v ng v cc im t c lm ni r.
Cc tnh cht t ca Soil 2 c hin th trong hp thoi.
5. xem mt danh mc cc tnh cht t trong hp thoi, chn nt All Soils.
t hin ang chn s c chn, v cc tnh cht ca chng c hin th

trong hp thoi nh sau:
23 23

n
d .v
ol
6. Sao chp cc tnh cht t vo Window Clipboard ( b nh tm ), chn
nc
Copy. Cc tnh cht t c sao chp vo Clipboard v by gi c th chn vo
cc ca s ng dng khc.
7. in cc tnh cht t ra my in, chn nt Print. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

.v
w
w
w
8. Chn mt my in t hp danh mc bung Printer Name ri chn OK in cc tnh

24 24

cht t trn my in ny.
9. Chn nt Done hay nhn phm phi chut kt thc xem tnh cht t.
Dn nhn cho t
Khng nhng bn c th xem cc tnh cht t qua giao tip vi my, m cn
c th t cc tnh cht t ln hnh v nh mt nhn vn bn phc tho. iu ny
cho php in cc tnh cht t ln hnh v tham kho. Vi v d ny, chng ta s
thm cc nhn vn bn xc nh tn mi loi t.
h thm cc nhn t:
n
1. Chn Text t thc n Sketch. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
d .v
ol
nc
2. Chn lp bng Soil ti nh hp thoi. Mt t thng tin tnh cht t hin th

.v
trong hp thoi:
w
w
w
3. Trong ca s SLOPE/W, di chuyn con tr trong lp t pha trn. ( Ch

rng con tr bin i thnh mi tn la chn en khi n trong mt lp t ). Nhn
phm tri chut ti gn v tr (2,11) chn Soil 1. t c nh du bng mt vng
25 25

gch cho, v ng v cc im t c ni r. Cc tnh cht t 1 c hin th

trong hp thoi Sketch Text:
n
d .v
Theo mc nh, cc thng s ca t c kim tra trong hp danh mc Soil
Properties.
ol
4. V chng ta ch mun dn nhn t m t, nn khng kim tra thng s
no trong hp danh mc tr Description. Bn s phi dng thanh cun xem cc
thng s trong hp danh mc.
nc
5. Chn Description trong hp danh mc Soil Properties, v Description xut
hin trong hp son tho Title. Nhn kp phm tri chut trong hp son tho Title v
nhn kho Delete loi b vn bn tiu Description.
.v
Khi bn lm xong hai bc trn, bng Soil Properties s xut hin nh sau
( ch rng ch kim tra c thng s Description v n khng c Title ):
w
w
w
6. Nhn nt Font chn phng ch dng dn nhn t. Hp thoi sau xut

hin:
26 26

n
d .v
7. Chn phng ch nh dng ( ly phng Arial ) trong hp danh mc Font v
to mu trong hp danh mc Font Style.
ol
8. Chn mt c ch ( ly c 12 ) t hp danh mc Size hoc to c ch nh
chn trong hp danh mc Size.
nc
9. Chn OK tr v hp thoi Sketch Text.
10. Di chuyn con tr trong Soil 1 ( lp t chn ), con tr biu hin thnh CH.
Sau , nhn phm tri chut gn v tr (2,11) t nhn t.
.v
CH : Khi bn di chuyn con tr trong mt lp t cha c chn

trc, con tr i thnh mt mi tn la chn en. iu ny cho bit
rng s khng t c nhn nu bn nhn phm tri chut, m l s
chn c mt t mi.
w
w
Nhn Upper Soil Layer xut hin trn v pha phi ca v tr chn trn hnh
v.
w
11. t nhn ln Soil 2, di chuyn con tr vo pha di lp t. ( Ch

rng con tr i thnh mt mi tn la chn en ). Sau , nhn phm tri chut gn
v tr (2,4 ) chn Soil 2. t c nh du bng mt vng gch cho, ng
v im t c ni r. Cc tnh cht ca Soil 2 c hin th trong hp thoi
Sketch Text.
12. Nhn phm tri chut trong Soil 2 gn v tr (2,4) t nhn t.
Nhn Lower Soil Layer xut hin trn hnh v pha trn v v pha phi v tr
chn.
27 27

CH : Khi bn di chuyn con tr trong mt lp t cha c chn

trc, con tr i thnh mt mi tn la chn en. iu ny cho bit
rng s khng t c nhn nu bn nhn phm tri chut, m l s
chn c mt t mi.
CH : Ch rng nh nhn cho Soil 2 khc nh nhn cho Soil 1. V khi bn

t nhn t, s m t t nhn c t thng tin Soil Properties. Nu bn i m t
t bng cch dng KeyIn Soil Properties, cc nhn t s t ng c cp nht
ch ra nhng m t mi. Nu bn mun hin th nhiu tnh cht t trn nhn t
ca bn, chn lnh Modify Text v nhn trn nhn t.
13. kt thc vic t nhn t, nhn nt Done trong hp thoi Sketch Text.
Bn c th nhn phm phi chut hay kho ESC thot khi hp thoi Sketch Text.
n
Sau khi bn lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh ca bn nh sau:
d .v
ol
nc
.v
w
w
w
Thm nhn vo bi ton

By gi bn c th t mt nhn vn bn Project ID ln hnh v ca bn, iu
s gip bn xc nh bi ton sau ny bn xem hoc in hnh.Trnh t thm
nhn vn bn Project ID tng t nh khi thm nhn vn bn Soil Properties. Tuy
nhin, trc ht bn cn vo thng tin Project ID.
h xc nh thng tin Project ID:
28 28

1. Chn Analysis Settings t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
n
d .v
ol
2.Trong hp vn bn Title, vo mt tiu cho bi ton v d ny, nh
nc
SLOPE/W Example Problem.
3. Trong hp vn bn Comments, vo m t bi ton, nh Learn Example in

Chapter 3.
.v
4. Nhn OK.
h t mt nhn vn bn Project ID ln hnh v:

w
1. Chn Text t thc n Sketch. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

w
w
29 29

2. Chn bng Project ID ti phn trn cng hp thoi. Mt t tnh cht Project
ID hin th trong hp thoi.:
n
d .v
Theo mc nh, mi thng s u c kim tra trong hp danh mc Settings.
ol
nc
.v
3. Trong hp danh mc Settings, chn cc thng s mun a vo nhn

Project ID. V d, khng chn mi thng s tr cc hp kim tra Description,
Comments, File Name v Analysis Method. ( ng qun dng thanh cun xem
w
cc thng s trong hp danh mc Settings. )
4. Loi b vn bn Description Title, chn Description trong hp danh mc,

w
nhn kp phm tri chut trong hp son tho Title v nhn kho Delete.
Lp li bc ny vi thng s Comments loi b vn bn Comments Title.

w
Khi bn lm xong hai bc trn, t tnh cht Project ID s xut hin nh sau
(ch rng ch thng s Description c chn v n khng c Title):
30 30

5. t nhn Project ID ln hnh v, nhn phm tri chut gn v tr (20,12 )

trong ca s DEFINE.
Nhn xut hin trn hnh v pha trn v bn phi v tr chn.
n
6. Chn Done kt thc vic xc nh bi ton.
.v
CH : Nu bn thay i d n ID, tn tp, hay phng php phn tch,
nhn ca Project ID s t ng cp nht ch ra nhng thit t mi. Nu
mun hin th nhiu thit t d n trong nhn d n, chn lnh Modify Text
d
v nhn trn nhn Project ID.
ol
Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh ca bn s nh sau:
nc
.v
w
w
w
31 31

Kim tra bi ton

By gi cn kim tra vic xc nh bi ton bng SLOPE/W bo m rng
d liu c xc nh ng. Lnh Tools Verify thc hin mt s kim tra gip
tm thy cc sai st trong xc nh bi ton.
h kim tra bi ton:
1. Chn Verify t thc n Tool. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
n
d .v
2. Chn nt Verify.
ol
nc
SLOPE/W kim tra d liu ca bi ton. Nu tm thy bt k sai st no, nhng
thng bo sai c hin th trong hp thoi. Tng cc sai st tm c hin th
dng cui cng trong hp thoi. V d, nu mt trong nhng im cui ca
Piezometer Line 1 khng ko ra ti mp hnh, trong hp thoi Verify Data s hin th
.v
nh sau:
w
w
w
3. xem cc thng bo kim tra trong hp danh mc, m rng hp thoi

bng cch ko mp y ca s xung phia di ti khi mi thng tin c hin th.
32 32

4. Khi bn xem xong nhng thng bo trong hp thoi Verify Data, chn
Done.
Lu gi bi ton
Vic xc nh bi ton by gi lm xong. Chn File Save ct gi bi ton
vo cng tn tp m trc y lu gi, nh LEARN.SLP. SOLVE c s liu bi
ton t tp ny tnh cc h s an ton.
Gii bi ton.
Phn 2 ca vic phn tch l dng chc nng SLOPE/W SOLVE tnh cc
h s an ton.
n
khi ng SOLVE v t ng nhp tp s liu LEARN.SLP, nhn vo nt
.v
SOLVE trong thanh cng c DEFINE Standard:
d
ol
Ca s SOLVE xut hin. SOLVE t ng m tp s liu LEARN.SLP v
hin th tn tp s liu trong ca s SOLVE:
nc
.v
w
w
w
ng thi, bn c th khi ng SOLVE bng cch nhn vo hnh tng

SOLVE trong SLOPE/W Group folder v m LEARN.SLP bng lnh File Open
Data. Tuy nhin, n gin hn c th khi ng SOLVE t thanh cng c DEFINE
Standard khi mun phn tch mt bi ton va xc nh.
33 33

Bt u gii.
bt u gii tnh cc h s an ton, nhn phm Start trong ca s SOLVE.
Mt chm xanh xut hin gia cc phm Start v Stop; chm xanh nhp nhy
trong khi tin hnh tnh ton.
Trong khi tnh ton, SOLVE hin th cc h s an ton nh nht v s mt trt

ang c phn tch. i vi bi ton v d, tt c 36 mt trt c phn tch.
n
d .v
ol
nc
SOLVE ghi cc kt qu phn tch vo mt lot tp, nh m t trong on Limit
Equilibrium Method. CONTOUR c nhng tp ny hin th kt qu.
.v
Thot khi SOLVE.

By gi bn tnh xong cc h s an ton. Chn File Exit ra khi
w
SLOPE/W SOLVE, hoc nhn phm Minimize gc phi pha trn ca s SOLVE
a ca s thnh mt biu tng.
w
Xem kt qu.
Chc nng ca SLOPE/W CONTOUR cho php bn xem kt qu phn tch bi
w
ton bng th:
Bng cch hin th bt k mt trt phn tch no, cng vi h s an

ton tng ng.
Bng hnh v cc ng vin ng tr ca cc h s an ton.
Bng cch hin th th hnh dng thi ty v a gic lc ca bt k

thi no trong vng mt trt nh nht.
34 34

Bng cch v th cc kt qu tnh ton.
khi ng CONTOUR v t ng nhp tp s liu LEARN.SLP, nhn

chut vo nt CONTOUR trong thanh cng c DEFINE Standard ( nu DEFINE vn
cn m bi ton LEARN ). l cch tng t nh lm vi SOLVE trc y.
Ca s CONTOUR xut hin. CONTOUR t ng m tp s liu

LEARN.SLP :
n
d .v
ol
nc
.v
w
w
w
Hoc bn c th bt u CONTOUR bng cch nhn vo hnh tng

CONTOUR trong " folder" SLOPE/W Group v m LEARN.SLP bng lnh File
Open.Tuy nhin, n gin hn khi mun xem cc kt qu ca mt bi ton
c phn tch, khi ng CONTOUR t thanh cng c DEFINE Standard. c
nhiu thng tin hn v m tp trong CONTOUR, Xem File Open cc ti liu s ng
ti trn www.vncold.vn
Hnh hin th trong ca s CONTOUR s c v tu theo View Preferences

c chn ti thi im lu gi bi ton trong DEFINE. Bn c th xem cc phn
khc nhau ca hnh v bng cch chn Preferences t thc n CONTOUR View
35 35

hay chn cc mc trn thanh cng c View Preferences.
CH : Bn c th chn v khng chn View Preferences bng cch nhn

trn cc biu tng trong thanh cng c View Preferences thuc
CONTOUR. Bn c th bit v cc biu tng bng cch t con tr trn
biu tng. Mt mi nhn cng c s xut hin trong vi giy v s m t
c hin th trn thanh trng thi ti y ca s.
V cc mt trt chn trc

h v cc mt trt khc mt trt nh nht:
n
1. Chn Slip Surfaces t thc n Draw trong CONTOUR. Hp thoi sau xut
hin:
d .v
ol
nc
.v
Con ch s i t mt mi tn thnh CH v thanh trng thi s cho bit rng

w
" Draw Slip Surfaces " ang ch thao tc.
Hp thoi cho bit thng tin v mt trt ang hin th: s th t mt trt, v
w
cc h s an ton.
3. Trong hp thoi, c th chn # mt trt v Factor of Safety theo th t tng

gim bng cch nhn vo thanh tiu Slip # hoc F of S.
w
4. Th danh mc xp theo th t xung v chn bt k s mt trt no khc.

Mt trt c chn v h s an ton ca n c hin th trong ca s
CONTOUR.
5. hin th mt trt khc, chuyn con tr vo ca s CONTOUR gn tm

quay li ca mt trt cn xem v nhn phm tri chut.
CONTOUR v mt trt cc tiu i vi tm quay .
6. CONTOUR lun cho bit mt trt nh nht khi nhn chut vo nt Min.
36 36

Factor of Safety.
7. kt thc vic xem mt trt, chn nt Close trong hp thoi hoc nhn
phm phi chut.
Xem phng php
Trong DEFINE, chn phng php Bishop ( cng vi Ordinary v Janbu )

tnh cc h s an ton. Trong khi CONTOUR hin th cc h s an ton mc nh
theo Bishop, cc h s an ton theo Ordinary v Janbu cng xem c.
n
h xem cc h s an ton theo PP khc:
1. Chn Method t thc n View. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
d .v
ol
Phng php ang dng hin th trong hp thoi.
nc
.v
3.Nhn vo mt trong cc PP khc (v.d Janbu).

4. Chn OK.
w
Janbu hin th trong Method Toolbar cho bit rng l PP cn xem . Nu

Method Toolbar khng hin th, chn View Toolbars v chn hp kim tra Method.
w
Mt trt nh nht tnh theo PP Janbu hin th trong ca s CONTOUR; h

s an ton theo Janbu hin th cnh im tm li. Nu mun xem cc mt trt
khc ngoi Janbu, chn Slip Surfaces t thc n Draw v chn mt trt cn
w
xem.
CH : Bn c th chn PP cn xem t thanh cng c Method thay cho

vic dng lnh View Method
5. Li chn View Method v chn Bishop xem PP mc nh.
- hoc -
Chn nt Default t thanh cng c Method.
37 37

Mt trt nh nht theo PP mc nh ( Bishop ) hin th trong ca s

CONTOUR.
Xem cc lc ln thi.
Cc lc c tnh theo mt trt cc tiu c th c hin th theo mt biu
khi v a gic lc ca bt k thi no.
h xem cc lc tc dng ln thi:
n
1. Chn Slice Forces t thc n View.
.v
Mt hp thoi rng xut hin. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn thnh CH, v
thanh trng thi s cho bit rng " View Slice Forces " ang ch thao tc.
2. V cc lc trn bt k thi no bng cch di chuyn con tr bn trong thi v
d
nhn phm tri chut. Biu sau xut hin trong ca s:
ol
nc
.v
w
w
w
Biu khi t do cho bit cc lc theo PP chn trn mt trt nh nht.

ln ca mi vect lc c hin th cnh mi tn ( chiu di vect khng v theo
t l ), v hng mi tn biu th hng vect. a gic lc cho bit tng cc lc tc
dng ln thi. S khp kn ca a gic lc biu th gii s cn bng ca cc lc
38 38

ln thi.
3. m rng biu khi t do v a gic lc, ko mt trong cc gc ca

ca s cho ti khi ca s Slice Forces Information c kch thc cn thit.
4. Chn Copy Diagram sao chp biu vo Windows Clipboard, dng vo

cc p dng khc ca Windows nh lm bo co, trnh din trn slide, hoc pht
trin biu .
5. Chn Copy Data sao chp thng tin v lc ln thi trong hp danh mc
vo Windows Clipboard di dng vn bn.
6. Chn Print in biu ( bng kch thc hin th trn mn hnh ) v/hoc in
s liu v lc ln thi.
n
7. Lp li cc bc t 2 n 6 cho ti khi xem xong thng tin v lc ln thi.
.v
Bn c th di chuyn ca s Slice Force Information nu cn nhn trn mt thi nm
di ca s.
8. Chn Done hay nhn phm phi chut kt thc xem cc lc ln thi.
d
Xem View Slice Forces trong cc ti liu ng ti trn www.vncold.vn bit
thm thng tin v lnh ny. ol
V cc ng vin.
nc
Cc h s an ton cc tiu mi tm li c th c ni li thnh ng
vin.
h to cc ng vin h s an ton:
.v
1. Chn Contours t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau y xut hin:

w
w
w
Hp nhm d liu hin th cc h s an ton cc tiu v cc i ca phng

php chn. Cc gi tr sinh ng vin mc nh c hin thj trong cc hp son
tho v c th c dng khoanh thnh khong y cc h s an ton.
2. G 0.01 vo hp son tho Increment By.

39 39

3. G 7 vo hp son tho Number Of Contour.
4. Chn Apply.
CONTOUR tun t to thnh cc s xc nh cc ng vin trong hp danh

mc. Lp li bc 2 nu mun iu chnh cc gi tr ng vin.
5. Chn OK.
Cc h s an ton c ni li thnh ng vin nh sau:
n
d .v
ol
nc
.v
w
w
t cc nhn ln ng vin.
w
h dn nhn cc ng vin vo hnh v:
1. Chn Contour Labels t thc n Draw.
Con tr s chuyn t mt mi tn thnh mt CH v thanh trng thi s cho bit

rng " Draw Contour Labels " ang ch vn hnh.
2. Chuyn con tr ti mt im thun tin trn mt ng vin v nhn phm

tri chut.
40 40

Gi tr ng vin xut hin trn n. Nu mun b nhn ng vin ch cn

nhn li chut trn nhn v nhn s mt i. Nhn li chut nhn s li xut hin.
3. Lp li bc 2 cho bao nhiu ng vin bn mun u c.
4. Nhn ESC hoc nhn phm phi chut kt thc dn nhn ng vin.
Sau khi cc ng vin c dn nhn, h li cc h s an ton s nh

sau:
n
d .v
ol
nc
.v
w
V th cc kt qu.
w
Cc lc tc dng ln mi thi i vi mt trt ti hn c tnh v ct gi

trong mt tp vi ui l FRC. Trong khi CONTOUR cho php hin th mt biu
khi t do ca cc lc , bn cng c th xem th ca chng. i vi bi ton v
w
d ny, cc th tc s c trnh by v phn b p sut nc l rng t nh ti

chn dc theo mt trt ti hn.
h v th:
1. Chn Graph t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau y xut hin.
41 41

Ca s Graph sau y cng xut hin, cha ng mt th vi cc iu kin

chn trc.
2. Nhn chut trn mi tn ch xung bn phi ca hp danh mc bung th

nht. Mt danh mc bung gm cc iu kin c th khc v c hin th.
3. Chn Pore - Water Pressure t danh mc bung. th sau c hin

th:
42 42

4. Lp li cc bc 2 n 3 cho bt k th no khc bn mun cho hin th.
5. Chn File Print t thc n ca s Graph nu mun in th trn my in

mc nh. Chn Edit Copy t thc n ca s Graph nu mun sao chp th vo
Windows Clipboard nhp vo cc p dng khc.
6. Chn Set Options xc nh cc tiu v hin th cc la chn th.

Hp thoi sau hin th:
43 43

7. Nhn nt Font xc nh kiu ch ca th.
8. ng ca s Graph, nhn kp trn hp thc n iu khin gc tri

pha trn ca s Graph.
9. Chn Done t hp thoi Draw Graph.
Tham kho lnh Draw Graph c tho lun y v kh nng gii

CONTOUR, v cn nhng tnh nng khc ca lnh cha c tho lun trong mc
ny.
In bn v
h in hnh v CONTOUR:
1. Bo m rng ton b hnh hin th trong ca s trc khi in. hin th

ton b hnh trong ca s, nhn vo nt Zoom Objects trong thanh cng c Zoom.
(Nu thanh cng c khng hin th, chn View Toolbars v nhn trn hp kim tra
Zoom ).
2. Nhn trn nt Print trong Standard Toolbar. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
3. Chn OK in hnh v trn my in mc nh theo kch c ang hin th.
44 44

By gi bn xem kt qu xong. Chn File Exit thot SLOPE/W

CONTOUR hay nhn nt Minimize trong gc phi pha trn ca ca s CONTOUR
gim ca s thnh con ch.
Bn ti kt thc bi hc nhp mn ny. Bn c nhng khi nim
hiu bit chung v thao tc v kh nng ca SLOPE/W. Khng phi tt c cc mt
mnh ca SLOPE/W c dng trong mc hc nhp mn ny, cng nh khng
phi mi chi tit k thut c tho lun v cc c im c dng y.
on tip theo ca Chng ny s gii thiu mt s tnh cht tin b ca

SLOPE/W Version 5 so vi phin bn trc .
Dng cc tnh cht mi ca SLOPE/W

Mc ny minh ho cch dng mt s tnh cht tin tin c trong SLOPE/W,
gm nhp hnh nh, xc nh mt phng php phn tch chnh xc v thc hin
phn tch theo xc sut.
Chng ta s dng bi ton v d LEARN.SLP nu trong on nhp mn ca
Chng ny ch ra nhng tnh cht .
Xc nh mt phng php phn tch chnh xc
SLOPE/W c th tnh h s an ton theo nhiu PP. Vn thng t ra l
"PP no cho gi tr ng nht". Trong khi cha c cu tr li n gin cho cu hi
ny, th on Adopting A Method trong Chng 7 gii thch v sao xc nh mt PP
phn tch chnh xc ( l, Spencer, Morgensten-Price hay GLE ) c th cho mt h
s an ton chnh xc hn. Vi bi ton v d ny, chng ta s i PP phn tch theo
Bishop n gin bng PP chnh xc Morgenstern-Price.
h xc nh dng mt PP phn tch chnh xc:
1. Chn nhn Analysis Method t hp thoi KeyIn Analysis Settings v chn
PP Morgenstern-Price, nh nu di y:
45 45

2. Th hp kt hp Side Function v chn hm bn sin (Half-sine). Hm ny

s c dng tnh cc lc ct gia thi trong PP chnh xc:
PP phn tch by gi chuyn t Bishops Simplified sang Morgenstern-Price.
3. Chn OK
Xem on Interslice Forces trong Chng 8 c nhiu thng tin v vic
chn cc hm lc ct gia thi.
Thc hin phn tch theo xc sut.
Phn tch tt nh v n nh mi dc ( nh bi ton LEARN. SLP va phn
tch ) tnh h s ton n nh da trn nhm cc iu kin v cc thng s vt liu c
nh. Trong phn tch tt nh, khng c cch no xt c s bin i cc tnh cht
ca t. Phn tch theo xc sut trong SLOPE/W cho php xt ti s bin i ca
cc thng s u vo ( gm c cc tnh cht ca t ).
Phn tch theo xc sut cng cho php nh lng c xc sut ph hoi
ca mi, c th xem xt " mi n nh nh th no?". Phn tch tt nh khng th
tr li c cu hi ny, v mi c xem nh n nh nu h s an ton ln hn
n v hoc khng n nh nu h s an ton b hn n v.
SLOPE/W thc hin phn tch n nh mi dc theo PP Monte Carlo. Xem
Probabilistic Analysis trong Chng 7 v Probabilistic Slope Stability Analysis trong
Chng 8 bit thm tho lun v SLOPE/W thc hin phn tch theo xc sut
nh th no.
i vi bi ton v d ny, chng ta s thm lch tiu chun vo tnh cht
t v ng o p c a vo LEARN. SLP.
h xc nh phn tch theo xc sut trong DEFINE:
1. Chn Analysis Settings t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
46 46

2. Chn hp kim tra Apply Probabilistic.

3. G 2000 trong hp son tho Monte Carlo Trials.
4. Chn Pore Water Pressure t thc n KeyIn, hp thoi sau xut hin:
G 1 vo hp son tho Std. Deviation (ca ct nc). iu ny cho php

mt thong dao ng vi lch tiu chun l 1m ct nc.
5. Nhn OK tc ng s thay i bi ton
h thm lch tiu chun vo tnh cht ca t:
1. Chn Soil Properties t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
47 47

2. Chn Soil 1 trong hp danh mc Soil Properties.
3. G cc gi tr sau cho Soil 1 trong cc hp son tho thch hp:
Trng lng n v: 15 lch tiu chun: 1
Lc dnh: 5 lch tiu chun: 2
Phi: 20 lch tiu chun: 3
4. Nhn Copy t cc thay i thc hin vi Soil 1
5. Chn Soil 2 v nhp cc gi tr sau trong cc son tho thch hp:
Trng lng n v: 18 lch tiu chun: 2
Lc dnh: 10 lch tiu chun: 2
Phi: 25 lch tiu chun: 5
6. Nhn Copy t cc thay i lm cho Soil 2.
7. Chn OK.
h lu gi phn tch theo xc sut:
1. Chn Save As t thc n File lu gi tp s liu mi di mt tn tp

khc. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
2. G LEARN 2 trong hp son tho File name.
3. Nhn trn nt Save.
48 48

Tp c lu gi l LEARN 2.SLP
CH : Mc d khng xt ti trong bi ton v d ny, bin i ln ca ti

trng tuyn v cc h s ng t cng c th xt c trong phn tch xc sut
theo SLOPE/W. c thm thng tin, xem Probabilistic Slope Stability Analysis
bn ting Anh, bn c th lin h vi tc gi hoc www.vncold.vn
h phn tch theo xc sut:
Khi ng SOLVE bng cch nhn vo nt SOLVE trong thanh cng c

Standard (nu DEFINE vn cn m bi ton LEARN 2 ). iu ny s t ng nhp
vo tp d liu LEA RN2.SLP:
Ca s SOLVE xut hin. SOLVE t ng m tp d liu LEARN2.SLP v

hin th tn tp d liu trong ca s SOLVE.
bt u gii tm cc h s an ton, nhn nt Start trong ca s SOLVE.
Mt du trn nh mu xanh gia cc nt Start v Stop xut hin; du trn

nhp nhy khi qu trnh tnh ton c thc hin.
Trong khi phn tch theo xc sut, cc h s an ton nh nht nhn c nh

cch dng cc thng s u vo trung bnh ( ngha l khng c bin i ) theo cc
PP khc nhau c hin th.
Khi phn tch theo xc sut xong, cc h s an ton trung bnh ti cc mt trt
khc nhau c hin th, bao gm c Morgenstern - Price ( M-P ):
49 49

CH : H s an ton trung bnh s khc nhau mi khi chy SOLVE. Sai

khc v ln tu thuc bin i cc thng s u vo v s php th
Monte Carlo dng phn tch. Nu h s an ton trung bnh bin i nhiu
mi khi phn tch, bn c th tng s php th Monte Carlo. c thm
thng tin xem mc PP Monte Carlo trong Chng 8.
By gi bn tnh c cc h s an ton. Chn Exit t thc n File thot

khi SLOPE/W SOLVE, hay nhn nt Minimize gc trn pha phi ca ca s
SOLVE a ca s v con ch.
h xem kt qu phn tch theo xc sut trong CONTOUR:
Khi ng CONTOUR bng cch nhn trn nt CONTOUR trong Standard

toolbar ( nu DEFINE vn cn m bi ton LEARN 2 ). iu ny s t ng nhp
vo tp d liu LEARN 2.SLOPE theo cng cch m SOLVE lm trc y:
Ca s CONTOUR xut hin. CONTOUR t ng m tp d liu LEARN

2.SLP:
50 50

CH : H s an ton hin th trn tm li lun l h s an ton nh nht khi

dng cc thng s u vo trung bnh. khng phi l h s an ton trung bnh
ca cc php th Monte Carlo
h v th kt qu phn tch theo xc sut:
1. Chn Probability t thc n CONTOUR Draw. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
2. Thay i s lp ln 40 trong hp son tho # of classes v nhn vo nt

Refresh. Ca s Graph c cp nht, v Probability Density Function c hin
th::
Tn s (%) cho bit phn b cc h s an ton tnh theo phn trm ca php
th Monte Carlo.
3. Xem hm phn b xc sut (Probability Distribution Function) bng cch

chn nt Distribution Function trong hp thoi Draw Probability. Hm phn b xc
51 51

sut sau hin th:
Hm trn l hm phn b xc sut (Probability Distribution Function) cho cc h

s an ton nh hn bt k h s an ton no khc cho trc. ng thng t on
cho bit xc sut trong h s an ton s nh hn 1.0 ( ngha l xc sut ph
hoi ).
4. Hm phn b xc sut cho cc h s an ton ln hn bt k h s an ton

cho trc no c th c thy bng cch chn nt tng ng trong hp thoi Draw
Probability.
52 52

5. Chn nt Data t hp thoi Draw Probability cho bit cc kt qu xc sut

khc nhau nh h s an ton trung bnh, ch s tin cy v xc sut ph hoi:
6. Chn File Print t thc n ca s Graph nu mun in th trn my in

mc nh. Chn Edit Copy t thc n ca s Graph nu mun sao chp th vo
Window Clipboard nhp vo cc p dng khc.
7. Chn Done khp li th Probabilistic Data v ca s Draw Probability.
Xem Draw Probability trong Chng 6 c thm thng tin v lnh ny.
Nhp hnh.
Lnh Import Picture ca SLOPE/W gip b sung hnh t mt chng trnh
Window khc vo hnh do SLOPE/W to nn. V d, bn c th xen vo mt biu
tng, nh, hoc hnh nh khc ca Cng ty vo hnh do SLOPE/W v nn. Bn
cng c th dng lnh Import Picture nhp mt mt ct xc nh trc vo
SLOPE/W v dng n lm c s v hnh ca SLOPE/W.
Trong v d ny, chng ta s dng lnh Import Picture nhp mt biu

tng cng ty vo bi ton LEARN 2.SLP.
h nhp mt hnh nh vo bi ton:

1. Khi ng DEFINE v m bi ton LEARN 2.SLP m bn to trc
y.
2. Chn Import Picture t thc n File. Hp thoi sau xut hin:
53 53

3. Chn tp bitmap HighFive.bmp v nhn vo Open.
Hp thoi Import Picture mt i, con ch bin i t mt mi tn sang CH v

thanh trng thi ch rng " Import Picture" ang ch iu hnh.
4. Chuyn con ch n v tr trn hnh v ni mun t hnh vo, v d nh

(30,22), v nhn phm tri chut.
Hnh nh nhp c t ln hnh v gc tri pha di ngang vi v tr con

ch.
Sau khi t biu tng vo hnh v, mn hnh ca bn nh sau:
54 54

h thay i kch c hoc v tr ca biu tng nhp:
1. Chn lnh Modify Object hoc t thc n Modify hay t thanh cng c
Mode.
Con ch bin i t mt mi tn trng sang mi tn en, thanh trng thi cho

bit " Modify Object " ang ch thao tc, v hp thoi Modify Object xut hin.
2. Trong ca s DEFINE, dng nt tri chut nhn vo th biu tng.
3. Di chuyn th bng cch dng chut ko i tng n mt v tr thch

hp trn hnh v.
4. Chn Done hay nhn kha ESC kt thc iu chnh i tng CH : C

th nhp nhiu hnh vo mt trang v. V d, c th dng lnh Import Picture t
tt c hnh c s ca mt mi dc, mt biu tng ca cng ty v khun cng ty tiu
chun ( standard company template ) vo cng mt trang hnh . Bn cng c th
dng lnh Modify Pictures iu khin trnh t t cc hnh nhp gm nhiu hnh
vi cc t l khc nhau vo hnh mi dc trong trang v.
Bn lm xong mc hc cc phn mi tin tin ca SLOPE/W. Hai bi ton v

d c lp trong chng ny ( LEARN.SLP v LEARN2.SLP ) c trong th mc
cc v d ca SLOPE/W l EXAMPLE.SLP v EXAMPLE2.SLP.
Cc v d minh ho thm c th tm trong Chng 7 v 9; nhng v d ny m

t cc kh nng v tnh cht khc nhau ca SLOPE/W./.
Ti liu tham kho
GEO-SLOPE Office V.5 Users Guide: SLOPE/W slope for stability analysis -
October 2001.
55 55

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Ti liu ny dng hc tp, gip bn lm quen vi vic gii quyt tng bc

Km theo ti liu ny, c th dng Free Student Edition trong CD ROM do

SLOPE/W l phn mm giao din ho, 32 bit c th iu hnh trong MT

Bn c mun tm hiu thm v GEO -SLOPE Office 5 ni chung hoc

Tel. 84.4.852 8512. E-mail: ncman@fpt.vn

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

Thoat khi SOLVE................................................................................................3-43

Dng cc tnh cht mi ca SLOPE/W...............................................................3-55

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

Hnh 3.1 gii thiu s mt bi ton n nh mi. Mc ch ca bi ton l

Mi dc ct qua hai vt liu vi gc mi 2:1 (ngang:ng). Lp trn dy 5m v

Hnh 3.1. Mt bi ton mu n nh mi t.

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

Chn DEFINE t thc n Start Program ca SLOPE/W.

h t kch thc trang lm vic:

1. Chn Page t thc n Set. Hp thoi Set Page xut hin:

Hp nhm Printer Page biu th tn my in c chn dng v phm vi c th

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

mt khong lm vic ph hp vi mt trang in.

2. Chn mm trong hp nhm Page Units.

3.G 260 vo hp vn bn Working Area Width. G phm TAB chuyn sang

4.G 200 vo hp vn bn Height.

2. Chn Meters trong hp nhm Engineering Units.

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

T l trong Horz.1 s i thnh 169.23 v Vert.1 i thnh 220. Chng ta khng

4. G 200 vo hp son tho Horz.1 v 220 vo hp Vert.1.

Maximum x s i thnh 48 v Maximum y i thnh 36. iu ny c ngha l

V bi ton c xc nh theo met v kN, nn trng lng n v ca nc

2. G 1 vo hp son tho Grid Spacing X.

Khong cch thc gia cc im mt li trn trn mn hnh s bng

4. nh du vo hp chn Display Grid.

5. nh du vo hp chn Snap to Grid.

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

Li hin th trong ca s DEFINE. Khi di chuyn con ch trong ca s, cc

D liu c th c lu gi bt c lc no trong khi xc nh bi ton. Trong

1. Chn Save t thc n File. Hp thoi sau y s xut hin.

2. G mt tn tp vo hp vn bn File Name. V d nhp tn LEARN.

3. Chn Save. S liu s c ct gi vo tp LEARN.SLP. Khi s liu c

Tn tp c th bao gm mt tn a v ng dn th mc. Nu khng gp

ng dn vo, tp s c lu gi trong tn th mc hin th trong hp Save In.

Tu thuc loi tp chn, ui m rng tn tp phi l hoc SLZ hay SLP.

Ln sau chn File Save, tp s c lu gi m khng phi a trc vo hp

Thng c li hn khi sa i mt tp lu gi n di mt tn khc. Lm

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

1. Chn File Save As. Cng hp thoi xut hin.

Nu tn tp nhp c, my s hi bn c mun thay tp c khng. Nu

h phc ha bi ton n nh mi:

2. Chn Lines t thc n Sketch. Con tr s bin i t mi tn thnh mt CH

3. Dng chut, di chuyn con tr n gn (0,14), nh nu trong thanh trng

V tr con tr ( trong n v k thut ) lun hin th trong thanh trng thi. N

4. Di chuyn con tr n gn (10,14) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v ti

5. Di chuyn con tr n gn (30,4) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

6. Di chuyn con tr n gn (40,4) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

7. Di chuyn con tr n gn (40,0) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

8. Di chuyn con tr n gn (0,0) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

9. Di chuyn con tr n (0,14) v nhn phm tri ca chut. Mt ng thng

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

11. Li chn Lines t thc n Sketch.

12. Di chuyn con tr n gn (0,9) v nhn phm tri chut. Con tr nh v ti

13. Di chuyn con tr n gn (20,9) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

Hnh v c m rng cc ng bn va v c cha y ca s