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: SSM2005
Title

Author(s) , ; , ; ,

: KJS = Kyoto journal of sociology (2015),

Citation 23: 35-53

Issue Date 2015-12-25

URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/209703

Right

Type Departmental Bulletin Paper

Textversion publisher

Kyoto University
 35

SSM2005

20

1990
2010

2005

1

cf. 1994

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36

Cech
2013; Charles and Bradley 2002; Joy 2006

1
2

1998: 51

2005: 35-6
2005
The national survey of Social Stratification and social Mobility: SSM

2011

1994

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 37

2 3
4 5
6

2003; 2009

2009: Ch. 3

2003
3

26 2015
3

415 610
2

232015
38

2010
2011

2009

2013

2001; 1995
4

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 39

2011: 22

1994

2013: 160

2009
5

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40

3-1
2005 SSM 2005 SSM
2005 9 30 20 69 14,140
5,742
44SSM

20 70
1

DK
NA 921
558 363

3-2

6

7



8
2013


1

6 3
0
7

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 41

/10
55
/10
1,000 1
9
SSM

2013
2015

2009; Imai and Sato

2011: 12cf.
2010

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42

1981 2013
0.85
2013

1

1

432.5 621.5 483.8
5.748 6.196 5.869
344 214 558

51.3 85.6 60.6
327 36 363

48.7 14.4 39.4
42.34 43.24 42.59
444 176 620

66.2 70.4 67.3
227 74 301

33.8 29.6 32.7
447 199 646

66.2 79.6 70.1
150 21 171

22.4 8.4 18.6
74 30 104

11.0 12.0 11.3
449 138 587

66.9 55.2 63.7
136 69 205

20.3 27.6 22.3
86 43 129

12.8 17.2 14.0
4 48.66 48.59 48.64
46.68 48.31 47.15
208 34 242

31.0 13.6 26.3
449 185 634

66.9 74.0 68.8
14 31 45

0.2 12.4 4.9

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 43

3
6 4 1

1 500
10

2

7.3 46.8 2.5 26.7 5.0 4.1 0.0 5.6 1.4 0.5 100.0
24.5 14.0 0.8 1.4 0.3 7.4 20.9 25.3 3.6 1.7 100.0
14.1 33.9 1.8 16.7 3.1 5.4 8.3 13.4 2.3 1.0 100.0

3

61.6 38.4 100.0
90.1 9.9 100.0
72.9 27.1 100.0

10

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44

4

432.5 621.5 483.8
580.5 668.2 614.1
276.9 332.8 283.5

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

372.7
512.8
308.1
528.6
576.3
284.3
657.4
747.3
237.5
620.3
631.3
292.5
530.6
546.4
87.5
665.7
1,007.0
374.5
229.3

229.3
395.4
709.7
289.5
334.5
575.0
186.5
418.1
541.7
356.2

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 45

500
400

Welch t p < 0.01

5-1
2
5 3 Model 1
0.1
55exp0.438=1.55

Model 2 5
14
Model 3 5

12

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46

5
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
5.748*** 5.274*** 3.358***
0.034 0.041 0.284
ref: 0.438*** 0.131* 0.116*
0.066 0.060 0.048
ref: 0.923*** 0.484***
0.055 0.050
/10 0.483***
0.136
/102 -0.042**
0.016
ref: 0.320***
0.046
ref: 0.991***
0.061
0.542***
0.081
ref: 0.174**
0.059
0.389***
0.071
R 2 0.048 0.272 0.538
N 921 921 921
*** p<.001, ** p<.01, * p<.05

6
3-2

Model 4Model 5

5 6

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 47

6
Model 4 Model 5
2.414*** 0.341 2.789*** 0.319
ref: 0.147** 0.046 0.100* 0.049
ref: 0.379*** 0.060 0.389*** 0.059
/10 0.645*** 0.152 0.476*** 0.139
/102 -0.056*** 0.017 -0.039* 0.016
ref: 0.215*** 0.049 0.256*** 0.047
ref: 1.030*** 0.078 1.013*** 0.065
0.675*** 0.096 0.556*** 0.085
ref: 0.138* 0.059 0.158** 0.059
0.336*** 0.070 0.315*** 0.070
0.013*** 0.003 0.013*** 0.003
-0.002 0.002
0.003 0.002
R2 0.532 0.582
N 611 763
*** p<.001, ** p<.01, * p<.05

Model 3 7

10
17

5-2

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7
Model 3

2.744*** 0.327 4.079*** 0.519
ref: 0.096* 0.045 0.154 0.125
/10 1.145*** 0.161 0.155 0.259
/102 -0.112*** 0.018 -0.012 0.031
ref: 0.263*** 0.050 0.337*** 0.084
ref: 0.595*** 0.098 1.141*** 0.086
0.400*** 0.113 0.280* 0.131
ref: 0.159** 0.057 0.373* 0.156
0.390*** 0.072 0.401* 0.164
R 2 0.367 0.459
N 558 363
*** p<.001, ** p<.01, * p<.05

Model 3 Model 6
8
57
1

9 7

73 45

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 49

38

8
Model 6
3.328*** 0.281
ref: 0.014 0.053
0.452*** 0.090
ref: 0.525*** 0.050
/10 0.483*** 0.135
/10 2 -0.042** 0.015
ref: 0.336*** 0.046
ref: 0.987*** 0.061
0.541*** 0.080
ref: 0.179** 0.058
0.390*** 0.071
R2 0.547
N 921
*** p<.001, ** p<.01, * p<.05

9
Model 6

2.704*** 0.322 4.098*** 0.512
ref: 0.042 0.046 -0.480* 0.236
0.549*** 0.110 0.369** 0.141
/10 1.155*** 0.158 0.145 0.256
/10 2 -0.113*** 0.018 -0.012 0.031
ref: 0.270*** 0.049 0.367*** 0.084
ref: 0.595*** 0.096 1.150*** 0.085
0.388*** 0.111 0.300* 0.130
ref: 0.165** 0.056 0.360* 0.154
0.387*** 0.071 0.410* 0.162
R2 0.380 0.461
N 558 363
*** p<.001, ** p<.01, * p<.05

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2011: 22

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 51

Bourdieu et Passeron 1964=1997; 2009; 2010

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52

2015 SSM

, 2009,
594: 663-81.
Bourdieu, Pierre et Jean-Claude Passeron, 1964, Les hritiers: Les tudiants et la culture, Paris: Les
Editions de Minuit.1997,
.
Cech, Erin A., 2013, The Self-Expressive Edge of Occupational Sex Segregation, American Journal of
Sociology, 119 (3): 747-89.
Charles, Maria and Karen Bradley, 2002, Equal but Separate? A Cross-National Study of Sex
Segregation in Higher Education, American Sociological Review, 67 (4): 573-99.
, 2011,.
, 2005, 542: 29-37.
, 2010,
, 61-85.
Imai, Jun and Yoshimichi Sato, 2011, Regular and Non-Regular Employment as an Additional Duality
in Japanese Labor Market: Institutional Perspectives on Career Mobility, Yoshimichi
Sato and Jun Imai eds., Japan's New Inequality: Intersection of Employment Reforms and
Welfare Arrangements, Melbourne: Trans Pacific Press, 1-31.
, 1998,
1995 SSM 17 1995 SSM , 49-61.
Joy, Lois, 2006, Occupational Differences between Recent Male and Female College Graduates,
Economics of Education Review, 25 (2): 221-31.
, 2010,
, 1-26.
, 2015, 26 ,2015 12 1 ,
https://www.nta.go.jp/kohyo/tokei/kokuzeicho/minkan2014/pdf/000.pdf.
, 2003,.
, 2010,
COE 12: 81-90.
, , , , 2013,
44147-162.
, 1994, 2 35
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, 2001,
.
, 2003,OSIPP Discussion Paper
DP-2003-J-007.
, 2013, 24 ,
2015 12 1 , http://hdl.handle.net/2433/174135.
, 2009,.
, 2008,

Kyoto Journal of Sociology XXIII / December 2015

 53

292: 75-89.
, 2009,PHP .
, 1995, 34
.
, 2013,
, 155-75.
, 2010,Quality
Education3: 1-14.
, 2011,JHPS RIETI Discussion
Paper Series 11-J-020.
, 2013,RIETI Discussion
Paper Series 13-J-019.

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How Do University Majors Matter?

Comparing the Incomes of Medical, STEM, and
Non-STEM/Medical Graduates

Kohei YAMAMOTO, Daisuke YASUI, Akiko ODA

This paper aims to compare the average incomes of three groups of Japanese
university graduates: medical, STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics),
and non-STEM/M graduates. Previous studies have shown that graduates of STEM/M
(STEM and medicine) earn more than non-STEM/M graduates, and have argued that
this difference is because STEM graduates create higher additional value than non-
STEM/M graduates. However, those studies did not consider variables that should be
important determinants of income in the Japanese labor market. Moreover, there are
strong doubts about the interpretation that the higher incomes of STEM/M graduates
result from the higher additional value STEM graduates create.
Drawing on the 2005 Social Stratification and Social Mobility national survey
data, this paper examines whether STEM/M graduates earn more than non-STEM/M
graduates, after controlling for other important determinants of income. The results
from a multiple regression analysis estimating the effect of STEM/M on income shows
that STEM/M graduates earn more than non-STEM/M graduates. When separating
medical and STEM graduates, however, the estimated effect of a STEM major is not
statistically significant and its value is low (1% higher than non-STEM/M). Moreover,
when the sample is divided into men and women, there is a significant gender
discrepancy in the effect of a STEM major: male STEM graduates earn more than male
non-STEM/M graduates while female STEM graduates earn much less than female
non-STEM/M graduates.

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