ECA:

08110402


31 2014, MARPOL
,
, 1%.
, 1 2015, ,
, 0.1%.
;
; ,
; , ,

/ , .

(SO2) .
SO2 ,
. SO2 80
100 . . SO2 ,
,
,
(acid rain)
. ,
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.
() SO2 .

,
. ,
. ,
,
. ,
. ,
, MARPOL, Annex VI,
, .

ECA;

ECA (emission control areas) SECA (sulphur emission control aeras)

( ,
.), MARPOL.

.
, 2005 , ,
.

SECA
( ). ECA
( 100
.. )
( 50
). ECA ,
, .
 ,

. ,
(SECA) .

MARPOL

VI Marpol 73/78, ,
,
ECA.
. %m/m
. 1 % m/m 100kg 1kg .

SOx SOx
ECA ECA

4.50% m/m 1 2012 1.50% m/m 1 2010

3.50% m/m 1 2012 1.00% m/m 1 2010

0.50% m/m 1 2020 0.10% m/m 1 2015

 0,1% m/m;

,

0,10%, 1 2015,
1,00% 31 2014.
.

(MARPOL) VI (
),
14, (SOx)
. 2008
2010. Marpol 77 ,
94,77% .

,
;

ECA ,
MGO (marine gas oil).
,
.
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.

,
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14.6 Marpol.

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1% 0,1%.
.

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Alfa Laval Waertsilae ,
Ecospec Global Technology
Belco. 10 ,
,
, . ,
,
, , HFO
MGO ,
.
.

31 2015, EGCSA (Exhaust Gas system cleaning association),

160 , 300
. 2014,
135 , .
, , (
2014 2015, . ,
3 . MEC intelligence
- 2014
50%, - 2015, 19%. ,
, .

, , ,

. ,
.

Fathom 25$
15 . ,
MGO HFO.

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(distillate fuels) heavy fuel oil.

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. Sealntel maritime analysis,
4.500 TEU containership 16
o , 12.000 ($ 16,600)
1%,
0,1%.

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. ExxonMobil Marine
Fuels and Lubricants, CA
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90 ,
()
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; H
MGO
0,1%, . ,
MgO,
253 / 337 / 2012,
260 / ,
.
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, 1% ,
1/1/2015.

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, 0,1% .
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, LNG
. , ,
,
. , shipbroker CR Weber
1%,
3,0%
HSFO 380cst 1,0% LSFO 380cst,
100 / . LSFO
HSFO, .
0,1%, ECA
0,1% MGO,
( 5.000.000 $).

(U.S. Energy Information Administration/Leidos Corporation)

( ), 13/6/2015,
2040, ECA .
MGO, , LNG.

,
ISO, :
RMG 380, RNG, 380 cSt (1 centistoke =
mm2 /s), 3,5% m/m.
intermediate fuel oil (IFO), gasoil heavy fuel oil.

RMG 180, RNG, 180 cSt,

3,5% m/m. IFO.

DMA LS, DMA, ,

1,0% m/m.

LS MGO, low-sulphur marine gas oil,

0,1%.
.

IFO RMG 380/180

ECA, LS, ECA 1
2015, LS MGO,
, ECA.

HSFO (high-sulphur fuel oil), , , 3,5%

, ECA.

Price report, 3/6/2015: USD/mt ( ).

1% , , , Hong
Kong, .

Port 380cst 380cst LS 180cst MGO

Mediterranean
Piraeus 363-366 399-404 390-400 617-619
Kali Limenes 382-385 - 407-410 634-637
Augusta 385-390 - 384-386 656-658
Ceuta 363-365 - 382-386 635-637
Malta 357-362 - 366-368 608-610
Gibraltar 362-365 397-400 387-389 632-634
Limassol 388-390 - 412-415 665-670
Black Sea
 Istanbul 395-400 - 411-415 665-670
Costanza 380-385 - 410-415 678-682
Kavkaz 265-270 - - 605-610

Novorossisysk 260-270 - - 600-605

Tuapse 265-270 - - 605-610
North Europe
Rotterdam 340-342 - 378-382 576-578
Antwerp 343-346 - 385-390 574-576
Hamburg 350-352 - 384-386 608-611
St.Petersburg 265-267 - 282-284 541-543
Murmansk 260-262 - 285-290 560-565
Middle East
Fujairah 368-372 - 395-398 735-740
405-
Jeddah - 835-840
395-400 410

Dubai 382-385 - 417-420 728-732

Asia

395-
Singapore 382-385 - 586-589
400
Hong Kong 393-395 - 407-409 604-607
433-
Shanghai 399-401 - 720-723
435
Vladivostok 325-327 - 327-329 586-588

380cst
349,6 USD/mt. , MGO 637,2 USD/mt.
287,5 USD/mt.

,
ECA, MGO 573 USD/mt.
, , 260
USD/mt, .
Bunker price indications (USD/mts) for 4/6/2015

Northern Europe / Baltic Sea

380RMG 180RME FUEL OIL

Port HS HS 0,1% DMA LS
Baltiysk (bunker only) 333 363 520 583
Gdansk/Gdynia 360 383 n/a 611
Kaliningrad 333 363 520 583
Klaipeda 336 n/a 582 630
Murmansk 265 285 530 565
Riga 337 342 554 584
Ventspils 342 347 549 589
Skaw off/Gothenburg off 350 380 570 600
St.Petersburg 270 290 450 550
Tallinn 353 381 553 605
Ust-Luga 285 305 465 565
Primorsk 245 sub.inq 560 580
Vyborg 330 sub.inq n/a 580

Russian Far East

380RMG 180RME FUEL OIL

Port HS HS 0,1% DMA
Vladivostok* 318 318 n/a 570
Vostochnyy * 318 318 n/a 570
Nakhodka* 318 318 n/a 570
Slavyanka* 318 318 n/a 570
Vanino 350 n/a n/a 620
Yuzhno-Kurilsk* Put on hold

* + callings costs if bunker only call (calling costs subject to vessels particulars)

Mediterranean
 380RMG 180RME FUEL OIL
Port HS HS 0,1% DMA LS
Ceuta (ex-pipe) 359 382 n/a 618
Gibraltar 352 377 n/a 627
Piraeus* 351 381 n/a 608
Kali Limenes* 379 405 n/a 630
Syros* 370 395 n/a 635
Kalymnos* 380 400 n/a 645
Augusta 372 sub.inq n/a 648
Genova 355 397 n/a 642
Venezia 373 401 n/a 650
Malta* 347 357 n/a 602

* +Extra costs

Black Sea

380RMG 180RME FUEL OIL

Port HS HS 0,1% DMA LS
Burgas* 375 400 n/a 665
Constanta* 375 405 n/a 669
Istanbul* 370 390 n/a 642
Kavkaz(Bunker only)** 305 sub.inq n/a 605
Novorossiysk*** 247 sub.inq n/a 600
Novorossiysk (Bunker only)** 305 sub.inq n/a 605
Odessa* 368 no avails n/a no avails
Tuapse 265 sub. inq n/a 610
Varna* 375 400 n/a 665
Tuapse(Bunker only)** sub.inq sub.inq n/a sub.inq
Yuzhny * no avails no avails

, 3.5% 0.1% ,
4/6/2015 197 USD/mt.


,
ECA, .
, ;

, ,
2014 50%.
, ,
2015. , ,
.
60%
,
. ,

. ,
slow steaming, ,

.

, --
2015 . :
MGO (0.1%)
2014 2015.
 3.5% .

(200-250
USD/mt) MGO
, , MGO

.
. 2020, 3,5% 0,5%, , ,
,
scrubbers ,
, ECA. ,
.


ECA

MGO. 2015, MGO
Havre , ExxonMobil,
.

scrubber

.
,

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.

SCR,

NOx.
 LNG.