Relative clauses Practice Setting Up a Business Language Focus re allowing sentences from the text on page 108, The relative clause 1} Thcconpunyiscompling Bony of software components that companies cam then stot together ene 16) 1B pnt, which ra a version of Microsofts MS-DOS operating system, hints inne antitctre peca f. 11) Complete the sentences 1 The slate cause i sentence (__) sa ti the meaning of the sentence ng chase ts essential v0 2 The alate cause sentence (___} isa mow defining clause I ves us {xt Infonvation. This infomation fr not essen to Understand te ain point fol the sentence ‘The two typeof clauses ae diferent i terms of grammar and punctuation, >> For more information on relative clauses, tur to page 168 1 Lock at the following sentences andl decide whether they are defining (D) or spon defining (8) relative causes 1 The design that we elected was in fact the most expensive B) 2. Wayne Calloway, eho is rom our Glasgow ose, wl be aking a presentation ofthe new projet. 3 The new investment pla, which was announced on ‘Weds wl take five years to complete 44 The manager who made the mistake lst his job. 5 “This Jane Sear, whose company manutaturs compute softare {6 The Mackting Department the one whose cantnbution nas been the most infin ths Yea oooo0g 2 Join cach pair of sentences using a defining relative cause Example: Wiesgnet an agreement, 1 sil give ws exclusive ight to several prowl Tie agement hice we sq wl se ws xcs vgs to several pvt 1 We we videos for taling purposes. This sone of them, “This sone of| “lt apt on yor des Hst might. Have you read eF Mave you oa ‘We ineviowed sone cant They were highly qualified The candidates 4A secretary's competer eave ast week, What's er name? Whar he mame ae A woman intvaduced mie ta Me Hos. She was Ausra, The woman sineaia From which sentences could the relative pronoun be omitted? Why?3 Choose the non defining relative clause which best completes each of the entences below 1 The fms 300 employers, &, decided to goon strike 2 The report, contained many Hntresting eas on How to promote oUF New products “The han, ten to expan is presence in Eastern Europe. The neve machinery, ., ot aseficient 25 we had hoped Professor Harding, ., wll be the main speaker a ls year’s conference i Optics. has over 3 hundred patented prodts “The Chairman, .., maintains close relations with the companys major investors. ‘whose engineers ave among the mest brillant inthe country which cost the company over £2 m ‘who srs had not een inereased who was elected to the Boat last year ‘which was written by our Marketing Manager Which has recently signed contract with a Polish manufacture who i specalist in American management techniques » a Skills Focus Speaking vo tne questonnate then compare your answers with partner « Ferean ae,Tine span excl ht Pm gang The ot ings happen. {wig to work hard for ‘someting ey wan Tins my home enrrmart mere “string tan wor, ‘opr wok ete bt et ‘toner my rte Ho. peop’ oectsons 1G. © Lam ate happy 1 eects ether 1 Tet mate very ick dockins 12.4 Tre boget age kr me ting powered 3a 8 Mia tin tia a i tp me. ‘¢ Mtsomatning doesn go age tt tine, tnd os eres. Forme, oo satstcien cant be ‘moasurod in money tes ‘trough money 8 hpertan toe, Trae ether ngs hat 2s much aking money my i imotwaton 1 th any for of econ. people ete ms faways ston ‘and may or may ntact wi {hoy ave 189. Vin papi entcie me ere (nly sme a what ey 55. cco . Setting Up a Business ‘ty to be havest, buts Toon ay tinge (cent men. ‘aha anyon le Dak {oe the east mporant aks ine havea fa fo do to ‘rerting myo Detegating an important pat of anype. ‘Skos someting Ica ho with ‘tess cn be esting element ina busines Ty toed suatone which ead "elo that my sucess wl ‘dopant lrge sees factors tice my coo. Threw at everyting depands on ‘oad abies. (rset ofrsso whe! wit appen e htre ep easy roup recta,us Listening Writing eae ee v “You definitly have the necessary qualities to become the director of a successful “basins You have 4 song ene eaderhip, you ean both organi and “motivate and you know exactly where you aa your team ate gang cae 10 think more caefly before sting up your oven business. ah you da have sone ofthe eel hls foxrnning busines, yoo yor beable o deal wth he press an vrai that are pt of J ous pha ol ‘aking decisions and taking to flow well defied insracions and CCargollter isa company that f producing a new generation of airships for ‘cargo transportation. You will ara company spokesman answering questions bout the eiffeent stages that were hnvalved in Starting the company. 1 efore you listen, number the different stages ofthe project in the order i Which you think they happened. ‘4 Conducta feasbility suey. 1 Get the idea of using an aliship to wansport heavy good. {€ entity the markt 44 Constvct the assembly pant € Seek investment from major companies, Identity « problem. Create the company. Invite private investors to jn the project 2 & Listen to te cassette and check Your answers. Seiting up a succesful busines requires carell preparation and planning but sto Involves a degree of risk-taking. There ae a number of questions that ll entrepeneurs ‘must ask themselves concerning the products or services that they intend tos, the ‘competition that they wil face, the structure ofthe business itself and the sources of finance that they wil ned to open their new venture. This means tat al ofthese parameters must be defined a 3 business pla: a document that shows how the entrepreneur wl orgarise his or her busines, how much he or she expects seh and ‘inere the capita wl come from. Once ths information has been put down on paper, the entrepreneur can then choose an appropriate frm forthe compar, register ‘with the authories and open for businessSetting Up a Business BI 1 Read these extracts and decide which sections of the checklist they come ied ° swarteconemaingonene jRelatgawieract | Ax it wll concen TE [@ spesinites an telat tae tetsinonino tet Ba gO SSeruite ment IE jy @ accent ecryeramsenredeate) — Solaboby mile, ti wea oe 8 st otc, Evel mie PS ; panne cont teste on win differ plan gocadverise on local radio and ¢ The mgt Within the shee aly pomp a ee ae TS | gh Cs Ee ean ar enn ite cmplenemes by 5 compe ine SA outa ret ara nt ae gH rare kia ans eetones toro 8 OSD f sa nt a a limi ' ot “curently _ © ‘mpm win eran Thre are nas sate ie cet ST Ae sareet with pedestrian 2666 ea p MRE T was ine n les, toa ae he ie TN OF marty mga see ee nen rage Tie eaey eodgee te “To faltine mes fre en wich amy hop One pra anit o Seeman f tea wt eh ‘neu po mt Bieler ene ® Business plan checklist i“ © 1 Data ofthe business © “ype of buses tied . company. arene) 2 Personal details 7 Premises J machinery veils ic Fatovet work experience Were do you inti sate {bebsnines and wy? Ce RON tas Wat er and eo promis ebunction you noe? c inotmachinry vehi ¢ you requret € © Obiecves Wat electives do you have 3 forthe bosness? Iowr mae yong ati ie ae te main competitor? c the evarages of ip Your roduet or semis over the competion? 2 Work in small groups. You have decided to set up your own business together and have approached the bank for advice. They have asked You prepare a business plan, Decide what type of business you are going to set tien discuss each of the points listed tn the business plan. When you have finalised al the detals of your business, prepare a weritten plan to give to the bank usKey vocabulary = 4. we Corporate Alliances and Acquisitions © {As business and the worl economy become increasingly competitive, more nd more ‘Companies have to srenghen thelr operations to remain profitable. Companies can go Sout ths in.a number of way, ich the flowing, Jolnt venture: Two or more companies agree to collaborate and jointly invest in 8 Separate business project This type of deal allows the partners to combine ther ‘tenga one spect are. Merger: Two companies, often inthe same industry, come together to foxm one ‘company. Companies merge or mary reasons, for example, to increase market share “and eat coats in certain ares, such as research and development, ‘Acquisition or takeover: One company accumulates enough of another company’s shares to takeover corvel and owners. Lead.in 1 ead the following extracts from the financial pres. In palts, decide whether cach ene refer (a) jolt vette, (B) a merger oF (6) an acquisition, wari atts | and Peterson would Goong la ( © Poland may cello ats on the sole ‘of wesstond chan Ruch Frees ochete dsrbuton service it ols {0 make fom financial eff oon, ora Mets srt butts Chet Ber aspcaiy | hc ne fans of pence} Soot an hia utero te as usiness project will be cme gE and, which plans to invest as sh $250 the pnt ee exci seas te tea ern | 0 wren oo) vot oer oneram bane! | Tha ora ora bane team oP vk f