Evaluate the following: r= 1) where k is a constant. (a) Find an expression for a, in terms of k. qa) 3 Given that a; = 2, il (b) find the two possible values of k. (6)2) Assequence a,,d;, d,,... is defined by ak, 4,,,=5a, +3, n2l, where k is a positive integer. (a) Write down an expression for a, in terms of k. (b) Show that a, =25k +18. (c) (i) Find Me in terms of &, in its simplest form. is divisible by 6. (ii) Show that YX . A sequence a, a,, ay... is defined by a, =k @,,=24,-7, >1, where kis a constant. (a) Write down an expression for a, in terms of k. (b) Show that a, =4k—21. Given that (c) find the value of k. () Q) (a) @ Q) aEa An arithmetic sequence has the terms ek else Find the 21st term and the sum of the first 21 terms, So4.- 1) In the year 2000 a shop sold 150 computers. Each year the shop sold 10 more computers than the year before, so that the shop sold 160 computers in 2001, 170 computers in 2002, and so on forming an arithmetic sequence (a) Show that the shop sold 220 computers in 2007. 2 (b) Calculate the total number of computers the shop sold from 2000 to 2013 inclusive 8) In the year 2000, the selling price of each computer was £900. The selling price fell by £20 each year, so that in 2001 the selling price was £880. in 2002 the selling price was £860, and so on forming an arithmetic sequence (e) Ina particular year, the selling price of each computer in £s was equal to three times the number of computers the shop sold in that year. By forming and solving an equation, find the year in which this occurred. a (a) In an arithmetic progression the sum of the first ten terms is 400 and the sum of the next ten terms is 1000. Find the common difference and the first term. 15) () A geometric progression has first term @, common ratio r and sum to infinity 6. A second geometric progression has first term 2a, common ratio” and sum to infinity 7. Find the values of a andr. 15} ‘Sarah is carrying out a series of experiments which involve using increasing amounts of a chemical. In the first experiment she uses 6 of the chemical and in the second experiment she uses 7.8 of the chemical. (@) Given that the amounts of the chemical used form an arithmetic progression, find the total amount of chemical used in the first 30 experiments. BI (ii) Instead it is given that the amounts of the chemical used form a geometric progression. Sarah has a total of 1800 of the chemical available. Show that NV, the greatest number of experiments possible, satisfies the inequality 13" <91, and use logarithms to calculate the value of N. 16)4) A company, which is making 200 mobile phones each week, plans to increase its production! The number of mobile phones produced is to be increased by 20 each week from 200 in week I to 220 in week 2, to 240 in week 3 and so on, until it is producing 600 in week N. (a) Find the value of N. @) The company then plans to continue to make 600 mobile phones each week. (b) Find the total number of mobile phones that will be made in the first 52 weeks starting from and including week 1, 6) 5) Lewis played a game of space invaders. He scored points for each spaceship that he captured. Lewis scored 140 points for capturing his first spaceship. He scored 160 points for capturing his second spaceship, 180 points for capturing his third spaceship, and so on. The number of points scored for capturing each successive spaceship formed an arithmetic sequence. (a) Find the number of points that Lewis scored for capturing his 20th spaceship. 2 (b) Find the total number of points Lewis scored for capturing his first 20 spaceships. a Sian played an adventure game. She scored points for each dragon that she captured. The number of points that Sian scored for capturing each successive dragon formed an arithmetic sequence. Sian captured n dragons and the total number of points that she scored for capturing all n dragons was $500. Given that Sian scored 300 points for capturing her first dragon and then 700 points for capturing her nth dragon, (c) find the value of n.6) (® The first three terms of an arithmetic progression are 2x, x~ 4 and 2x ~ 7 respectively. Find the value of x. (3 (ii) The first three terms of another sequence are also 2x, x +4 and 2x ~7 respectively. (a) Verify that when x = 8 the terms form a geometric progression and find the sum to infinity in this case. iF (b) Find the other possible value of x that also gives a geometric progression. (4) Uy, is defined by u=7 and u,.,=u,+4 forn>1 (® Show that 2), =71 a) (i) Show that By (41 8) (a) Asequence 1, uy. . is defined by ms4 and yy form >t (@) Wiite down the values of u, and 1, Pl (ii) Describe the behaviour of the sequence. n (b) Inn arithmetic progression the ninth term is 18 and the sum of the first nine terms is 72. Find the first term and the common difference. re 9) (@) An arithmetic progression has first term log, 27 and common difference log, x (Show that the fourth term can be written as log, (271°). 13] Gi) Given that the fourth term is 6, find the exact value of x. G1 (b) A geometric progression has first term log, 27 and common ratio log, ¥. (i Find the set of values of y for which the geometric progression has a sum to infinity. 2) (ii) Find the exact value of y for which the sum to infinity of the geometric progression is 3. (s)10) (a) Calculate the sum of all the even numbers from 2 to 100 inclusive, 2+4+6+ + 100 @) (b) In the arithmetic series K+ 2KA BRE ce +100 kis a positive integer and k is a factor of 100. (i) Find, in terms of f, an expression for the number of terms in this series. (ii) Show that the sum of this series is 59 4 2000 - a) (c) Find, in terms of &, the 50th term of the arithmetic sequence (2k + 1), (4k +4), (6k + 7), .... giving your answer in its simplest form. 11) Q) An arithmetic sequence has first term a and common difference d. The sum of the first 10 terms of the sequence is 162. (a) Show that 10a-+45d =162 Q) Given also that the sixth term of the sequence is 17, (b) write down a second equation in a and d, a) (c) find the value of a and the value of d. ()12) A farmer has a pay scheme to keep fruit pickers working throughout the 30 day season. He pays fa for their first day. £(a +d) for their second day. £(a + 2d) for their third day. and so on, thus increasing the daily payment by £d for each extra day they work. A picker who works for all 30 days will eam £40.75 on the final day. (a) Use this information to form an equation in a and d. Q) A picker who works for all 30 days will eam a total of £1005 (b) Show that 15(a+40.75) = 1005 Q) (©) Hence find the value of a and the value of d. @ 13) Hill gave money to a charity over a 20-year period, from Year 1 to Year 20 inclusive. She gave £150 in Year 1, £160 in Year 2. £170 in Year 3. and so on. so that the amounts of money she gave each year formed an arithmetic sequence (a) Find the amount of money she gave in Year 10. Q (b) Calculate the total amount of moncy she gave over the 20-year period. @) Kevin also gave money to the charity over the same 20-year period. He gave £4 in Year 1 and the amounts of money he gave each year increased, forming an arithmetic sequence with common difference £30. The total amount of money that Kevin gave over the 20-year period was twice the total amount of money that Jill gave. (c) Calculate the value of 4 a14) ‘A.40-year building programme for new houses began in Oldtown in the year 1951 (Year 1) and finished in 1990 (Year 40). The numbers of houses built each year form an arithmetic sequence with first term @ and common difference d. Given that 2400 new houses were built in 1960 and 600 new houses were built in 1990, (a) the value of d, (b) the value of a, (©) the total number of houses built in Oldtown over the 40-year period. 15) The first term of an arithmetic series is a and the common difference is d. The 18th term of the series is 25 and the 21st term of the series is 32}. (a) Use this information to write down two equations for a and d. (b) Show that a =-17.5 and find the value of d. The sum of the first n terms of the series is 2750. (©) Show that n is given by nw —15n=55x40. (d) Hence find the value of n. @) Q) @) Q) Q) a @B)16) The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 30 and the common difference is -1.5 (a) Find the value of the 25th term. Q@) The rth term of the sequence is 0. (b) Find the value of r. Q@) The sum of the first 1 terms of the sequence is S,. (©) Find the largest positive value of S,,. @B) o If the 6th term of a geometric series is 972 and the 9th term is 26244. Find the 1st term, the common ratio and the sum of the first 10 terms. If 2x + 5, 6x — 10 and &x + 20 aro consecutive terms in a geometric sories. Find the possible values of x and the corresponding terms. A girl invests £500 at the start of each year in an account paying 3.5% interest per year. At the start of each year he puts in another £500. After how many years has his account accumulated more than £20,000? The 2"4 term of a geometric series is 5 and its sum to infinity is 20. Find the common ratio ‘v and the first term ‘a’. of the first ten terms i “and the sum of the next ten 7m. 15] In an arithmetic progression terms is 1000. Find the common differei A geometric progression infinity 6. A second geometric pros :@ Given that the amounts of the f@ression, find the total amount of chemical used in the first 30 G1 form a geometric progression. Sarah has a itest number of experiments possible, (ii) Instead it is given that the amounts of, total of 1800 of the chemical ‘and use logarithms to calculate the value of V. 3) ‘The third term of a geometric progression is ~108 and the sixth term is 32. Find (i) the common ratio, BI (ii) the first term, wm (iii) the sum to infinity. 21 4) A company predicts a yearly profit of £120 000 in the year 2013. The company predicts that the yearly profit will rise each year by 5%. The predicted yearly profit forms a geometric sequence with common ratio 1.05 (a) Show that the predicted profit in the year 2016 is £138 915 (a (b) Find the first year in which the yearly predicted profit exceeds £200 000 6) (c) Find the total predicted profit for the years 2013 to 2023 inclusive, giving your answer to the nearest pound. @G) (Gi) The fist three terms of another sequence CES 4 and 2x~7 respectively. (a) Verify that when x = 8 case. and find the sum to infinity in this (4) ‘other possible value of x that also gives a geometric progression.6) 8) A geometric series is a+ ar+ ar +... (a) Prove that the sum of the first 2 terms of this series is given by a(l-r") I-r (4) The third and fifth terms of a geometric series are 5.4 and 1.944 respectively and all the terms in the series are positive. For this series find, (b) the common ratio, Q) (c) the first term, Q) (d) the sum to infinity. @) ssion has first term log, 27 and common difference log, x. (@ Show that the for can be written as log, (271°) (i) Given that the fourth term is 6, find el Ry (Gi) Find the exact value of y for which the sum to infinity of the geometric progression is 3 A geometric series has first term @=360 and common ratio r= z Giving your answers to 3 significant figures where appropriate, find (a) the 20th term of the series, @) (b) the sum of the first 20 terms of the series, Q) (c)_ the sum to infinity of the series. @)9) ‘The second and third terms of a geometric series are 192 and 144 respectively. For this series, find (a) the common ratio, @) (b) the first term, @) (©) the sum to infinity, @) (d) the smallest value of » for which the sum of the first » terms of the series exceeds 1000. “ 10) ‘The second and fifth terms of a geometric series are 750 and ~6 respectively. Find (a) the common ratio of the series, i) (b) the first term of the series, @) (©) the sum to infinity of the series. Q) 11) A car was purchased for £18 000 on Ist January. On Ist January each following year, the value of the car is $0% of its value on Ist January in the previous year. (a) Show that the value of the car exactly 3 years after it was purchased is £9216. @ The value of the car falls below £1000 for the first time m years after it was purchased. (b) Find the value of n. ® ‘An insurance company has a scheme to cover the maintenance of the car. The cost is £200 for the first year, and for every following year the cost increases by 12% so that for the 3rd year the cost of the scheme is £250.88 (©) Find the cost of the scheme for the Sth year, giving your answer to the nearest penny. @ (@) Find the total cost of the insurance scheme for the first 15 years. 842) The third term of a geometric sequence is 324 and the sixth term is 96 (a) Show that the common ratio of the sequence is 3 (b) Find the first term of the sequence. (©) Find the sum of the first 15 terms of the sequence. (a) Find the sum to infinity of the sequence. 13) The first three terms of a geometric series are (K+ 4), kand (2k ~ 15) respectively, where kis a positive constant. (a) Show that — 7k- 60 =0. (b) Hence show that k= 12. (©) Find the common ratio of this series. (Find the sum to infinity of this series. 14) ‘A geometric series has first term $ and common ratio : . Calculate (a) the 20th term of the series, to 3 decimal places, (b) the sum to infinity of the series. Given that the sum to k terms of the series is greater than 24.95, log 0.002 (©) show that & > 1og0.8 (@) find the smallest possible value of k. 2) 2) @ @ a 2) 2) @) Q) Q) @) Q)15) The fourth term of a geometric series is 10 and the seventh term of the series is 80. For this series, find (a) the common ratio, Q) (b) the first term, Q) (c) the sum of the first 20 terms, giving your answer to the nearest whole number. Q@ 16) A trading company made a profit of £50 000 in 2006 (Year 1). A model for future trading predicts that profits will increase year by year in a geometric sequence with common ratio r, > 1. The model therefore predicts that in 2007 (Year 2) a profit of £50 000r will be made. (a) Write down an expression for the predicted profit in Year n. @ The model predicts that in Year n, the profit made will exceed £200 000. (b) Show that n> eda. logr @) Using the model with r = 1.09, (c) find the year in which the profit made will first exceed £200 000, Q) (d) find the total of the profits that will be made by the company over the 10 years from 2006 to 2015 inclusive, giving your answer to the nearest £10 000. @)17) A geometric series is at+ar tar... @ (b) Find ie Y100(24). ro GB) (c) Find the sum to infinity of the geometric series $.5.5 S54 > 6 18 54 GB) (@) State the condition for an infinite geometric series with common ratio r to be convergent. aw ‘Simplify: Blog,2 — log46 + logy12 3 Jog 5 + $ log 32 — log 4 Expand in terms of log x and log y: log Simplify: log 81 log 27Solve: 3% = 12 gee] _ get3 9 Solve: logy = 2 log,27 = 3 log 5:r = log(2r +1) 3+ log (20 — 5) = logp(5x + 4) logy4 + logya u 3(5")? — 4(5") +1 = etl 41 = 3/28) 0.927 < 0.1 5? x 5’F*! > 2000 Given that 2log,(x+15)—log, x =6 (@) Show that x? 34x 4225-0 So () Hence, or otherwise, solve the equation 2log,(x+15)—log, x= 6 @2) 3) 4) 5) The diagram shows the curves y = log,x and y = log, (x ~ 3) (® Describe the geometrical transformation that transforms the curve y = log, to the curve y = log, (x ~ 3). re (i) The curve y= log, passes through the point (a, 3). State the valve of a 0 (iii) The curve y = log, (x ~ 3) passes through the point (b, 1.8). Find the value of 8, giving your answer conrect to 3 si figures. e (Gv) The point P lies on y = log, and has an x-coordinate of c. The point Q lies on y= log, (x~ 3) and also hhas an x-coordinate of c. Given thatthe distance PQ is 4 units find the exact value of ¢. 4] Find the values of x such that 2log,x—log(x-2)=2 5) Given that y =3x*, (a) show that log, y =1+2log, x @) (b) Hence, or otherwise, solve the equation 1+2log, x=log,(28r-9) GB) Find, giving your answer to 3 significant figures where appropriate, the value of x for which @ *=10, Q) (b) log,(x—2) Q8) 7) 8) 9) (a) Sketch the graph of y=7", x€ R, showing the coordinates of any points at which the graph crosses the axes. Q) (b) Solve the equation Ft -4(7)43=0 giving your answers to 2 decimal places where appropriate. © (a) Find the positive value of x such that log.64 = 2 Q) (b) Solve for x logs(11 — 6x) = 2log3(x- 1) +3 (6) (a) Find the value of y such that logsy =-3 Q) (b) Find the values of x such that log, 32 + log,16 _ log. x log, x 6) Given that 00 sketch on separate axes the graphs of @ y=fe), Gi) y=|f), Gil) y= — 4). Show, on each diagram, the point where the graph meets or crosses the x-axis. In each case, state the equation of the asymptote. ” Find algebraically the exact solutions to the equations (a) In(4 — 2x) + In(9 ~ 3x) = 2In@e + 1), -l pg. 1B]Bo Find the term in 2° in the expansion (5 — 2r)* 1 7 Find the coefficient: of p in the expansion (2 = 2) 1) (@ Find and simplify the first three terms in the expansion of (2 + 5x)° in ascending powers of x. 41 (i) In the expansion of (3 + cx)*(2 + 5x)°, the coefficient of x is 4416. Find the value of c. 13) 2) Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of (2-5x)° Give each term in its simplest form. (4) 3) Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of (2- 3x) giving each term in its simplest form. (4) 4) Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of G-2x each term. @ Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of (3-2x)*. giving each term in its simplest form. 4