PROBLEM 1.28 [A spherical communications satellite 2 m in diameter is placed in orbit around the eart ‘The satellite generates 1000 W of internal power fram a small nuclear generator. If tl surface of the satellite has an emittance of 0.3 and is shaded from solar radiation by the arth, estimate the surface temperature. GIVEN Spherical satellite Diameter (D)=2.m Heat generation = 1000 W Emittance (2)=03 FIND, The surface temperatuce (7;) ASSUMPTIONS. ‘The satelite radiates wo space which betaves asa blackbody enclosure at 0 K ‘The system i in steady state SKETCH n-0k PROPERTIES AND CONSTANTS, From Appendix 2, Table S:"The Stefan-Boltemann corstant (0) = 5.67 x 10°* Wim? K*) SOLUTION From: Equation (1.17), the rate of the eat transfer fiom a gray body ina blackbody cnelosure is aol -T:') Solving this for the surface temperature n(-(e) For steady state the rate of heat transfer must equal the rate of internal generation, therefore the surface temperature is a=. r= (tom Lo ee inse GremPoassrxi0*waark)‘ayer of skin with 2 thermal conductivity of 0.38 Wim K {is 35% an hea trpratne is “20°C. Unreal Sin sree about 20 Win x (ue Table 14, bu beep wind tinccaesto7S Win K (Hoste co ‘Sout when te skin emperaaee dpe a 10°C ‘Nou you advise he ker w wer ae mask? (2) What isthe skin taper cp doce wie” Using the inforaton iPro 12 ema the mice a tempat thr could ease esta 08 ‘Sn diy onthe spe ‘Teo age poral plats with face conor appr- A spical vosel,0.3 min amet, is cated na are ‘ors whos: wall are at 27°C (ee sch) Ifthe ese ‘ead wi Bui oxygen at 19°C nd bath he ‘iden et a 4 blackbody with 4 surftce tempertuc of about ‘x00 K. lets the toa rae raion frm the un anh etd raion fas por aguare meter of surface oe, ‘A sxall gay sphere having n eatvy of OS ad sure emperare of 100 i oad a Mackay Ceelonre ving 2 temperate of IPF. Coke for ‘hesyate (he et to beat tae by adatom pr uta suc eso the sphere) the tains thera entance m Bak *F ithe sfc aren of he hee {S01 fc) be thar abtance for aan betwee the spre and ts suoundings. (0) the rato of thera ‘esisnce fr ration to thermal reste for ane ton tte convection beat utr coefficient betwsen 20 Bru °F (othe thes. [Repeal communications ellie, 2m in diameter, {space i ba round te cars, Tho Satelit pnse= ‘cs 1600 of intemal power fom small milear (root [Fike sare ofthe slic hw ance "nce of 03, ani sade fom soa ado by te cath, sina surface terete What wuld the ‘Seperate te ifthe sacle with an abuptty (0.2 were in an orbit m which it would be exposed to sole tiation? Assume the tary Bloay a (6700 K and ae your assumptions,