02 Wire Rope Strand PDF

02 Wire Rope & Strand.
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Wire Rope
& Strand
02 Wire Rope & Strand.qxd 15/2/12 5:13 PM Page 2
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
A. Noble & Son Ltd. has been stocking and distributing wire rope Construction
almost since the inception of the company in 1911. The main components of a wire rope are shown below.
Apart from the distribution of wire rope Nobles personnel can
supply guidance on correct usage and selection of wire rope.
Nobles branches throughout Australia have swaging presses for
terminating wire rope and NATA accredited tensile testing
laboratories. The testing laboratories can be used for destruction
testing and proof loading of wire ropes and wire rope assemblies.
A. Noble & Son Ltd. represents a range of wire rope
manufacturers from all over the world who each have their own
specialities in mine winding, crane and general purpose ropes.
Description, Size & Construction

A wire rope is made up of the basic components illustrated. In the above example, each individual wire is arranged around a
The terms used to describe these component parts should be central wire to form a 7-wire strand. Six of these strands are
strictly adhered to, particularly when reporting on the conditions formed around a central core to make a wire rope. The rope is
of ropes. specified as 6x7 (6/1) i.e. six strands each of seven wires.
Describing wires as strands and strands as wire can be grossly The size and number of wires in each strand, as well as the size
misleading. For example, a report that a rope has a broken strand and number of strands in the rope greatly affect the
in most applications calls for immediate discarding of the rope, characteristics of the rope. In general, a large number of small-
and subsequent cessation of operation, while a report that a rope size wires and strands produce a flexible rope with good
has a broken wire in it should call for early inspection but seldom resistance to bending fatigue. The rope construction is also
for discarding the rope. important for tensile loading (static, live or shock), abrasive wear,
crushing, corrosion and rotation.
Core
Equal Laid Rope Cross Laid Rope
Wire Rope Strand
Wire
Composition of Wire Rope
Wire Rope Description

The properties of a wire rope are derived from its size,
construction, quality, lay and type of core.
Size
Ropes are referred to by a diameter size. The correct way to
measure wire rope is shown below.
Correct Method Incorrect Method
24
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Rotation Resistant: The conventional rotation resistant wire
rope is composed of a number of strands that are laid up in
opposite directions to produce a non-rotating effect.
The 4 strand Mono Track is a complete departure from this
convention and is created through theoretical analyses of the
working torques.
Triangular Strand: The wires are specially formed to produce
Multiple Operation a strand with a triangular section this type of rope is only
produced in Langs lay. This construction has improved wear and
crush resistance and has wide application in winding and haulage
systems.
Galvanised Strand: These are single strands of concentric layers
Single Operation of wires, some of which are cross laid to produce a non-rotating
result.
Half Locked Coil: A strand with the outer layer composed of
alternate shaped and round wires covering one or two layers of
round wires laid in the opposite direction.
Full Locked Coil: A strand used as a rope and composed of one
or two layers of Z-shaped wires laid over layers of half lock coil
and/or layers of round wires.
Rotation Resistant
Rotation Resistant Mining Ropes: A rope composed of
flattened strands of six or eight wires contra laid over a triangular
strand rope to produce a rotation resistant result.
Cores & Wire Tensile

A number of core types are available and each gives specific
properties to the rope:
Triangular Strand
1. Fibre Core (FC) sisal or polypropylene.
2. Wire Strand Core (WSC) strand usually of the same
construction as the outer strands.
3. Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) a wire rope usually of
6x7 (6/1)/1x7(6/1) construction.
Fibre Core (FC) in 6 x 7 rope

A fibre core, generally sisal, provides a
resilient foundation for the strands in the
rope structure. Fibre cores are used for
Galvanised Strand Half Locked Coil ropes that are not subjected to heavy
loading and where flexibility in handling is
required. Fibre cores are inadequate where
wire rope is subjected to heavy loading,
prolonged to outdoor exposure and
crushing on small drums and sheaves.
Wire Strand Core (WSC) in 6 x 7 Rope

These cores are used chiefly for standing
ropes (guys or rigging), and offer higher
Full Locked Coil Non-Rotating Mining tensile strength and, owing to the larger
wires in the core, greater resistance to
Multiple Operation: Individual strands are composed of corrosion failure.
successive layers of wire laid up at different lay lengths.
This results in a cross laid rope.
This type of construction is now confined to a limited range of
products such as ropes below 8mm diameter, and large sling and Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC)
static ropes. in 6 x 25 FW Rope
In many instances it is recommended to
Single Operation: All wires in the strand are laid up in the one
use a wire rope with an independent wire
manufacturing operation. This type of rope is standard production,
rope core (I.W.R.C). Such a core is usually
providing an equal laid rope that eliminates internal cross-mating
made up of 6 strands of 7 wires each plus
and forms a compact strand of high metallic content. There are
centre strand.
three main types: 6x9/9/1, 6x25 FW and 6x36 SW.
25
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
The independent wire rope core provides: Preforming, Postforming & Lay
1. Permanent support and uniform spacing of the strands laid Preforming
around it; it is not compressible and has greater wear A preformed rope is one in which the component strands are
resistance than fibre core. shaped to their final helical form before being laid into the rope.
2. Permanent elastic stretch of the wire rope over a longer Preforming can be applied to both Ordinary lay and Langs lay
period of time. ropes and, unless specifically ordered otherwise, all standard
ropes are supplied preformed.
3. Increased resistance to deterioration and deformation.
The advantages of preforming are mainly:
4. Delay of internal corrosion; the lubricant is not squeezed out
of the core. 1. Reduction of internal stresses in the rope. This makes the
rope easier to handle, install, reduces its tendency to kink
5. It increases the actual breaking load of the rope by at least and gives better spooling onto drums.
8% in the case of 6-strand ropes and about 25% in the case
of 8-strand ropes. 2. Greatly improved resistance to bending fatigue particularly
in operation over small drums and sheaves.
6. Better performance for operating in very high temperatures.
3. Greater stability and better resistance to shock loading
An independent wire rope core increases the weight of a 6-strand and abrasion.
rope by about 10%, and that of an 8-strand rope by approx. 20%.
4. Improved rope life due to the better equalisation of loading
Although a new rope with I.W.R.C. may be somewhat less flexible between strands in the rope and reduction of internal stresses
than a new rope with fibre core, it retains its relative flexibility in the rope.
whereas a rope with fibre core gradually loses its flexibility during
use. Having better resistance to deterioration and deformation, a 5. Greater safety in handling of ropes as broken wire ends do
not protrude. This factor also reduces wear on equipment in
rope with I.W.R.C. is less susceptible to damage when used on
contact with the rope.
small sheaves and drums than a rope with fibre core, it will also
last longer before deterioration and deformation set in when Postforming
wound on a drum in multiple layers.
Postforming is a manufacturing process applied to ropes to
Tensile Strength Grades minimise stretch in service. It reduces the stretch caused by
"bedding-in" the wires and strands onto their respective cores.
Wire ropes are usually supplied in the following tensile ranges: In addition to controlling stretch, postforming produces results
closely related to those achieved by preforming.
Rope Grade Range of wire tensile strength grades Postforming is particularly useful in overcoming stretch in long
N/mm2 lengths of rope and where take-up adjustment is restricted. It is
1570 1370 to 1770 commonly applied to ropes used in aerial ropeways, guying,
chairlifts and control cables.
1770 1570 to 1960
Lay
1960 1770 to 2160
This refers to the way the wires in the strands, and the strands in
2160 1960 to 2160 the rope are formed into the completed rope. The wire strands
are essentially laid up in a planetary motion with controlled twist
being imparted to produce a tightly formed rope.
Rope Grade Equivalents
The term "lay" is used in three ways:
Rope Grade Designation Equivalent Rope Grade
1. To describe the direction in which the strands are laid in the
IPS 1770 rope, right or left. In a Right Hand lay strands are laid around
the rope core in a clockwise direction see illustration.
EIPS 1960 In a Left Hand lay, the strands are laid anti-clockwise
EEIPS 2160 see illustration. Steel Wire Ropes are conventionally produced
Right Hand lay unless special circumstances require Left Hand
lay.
With the increasing use of heavy-duty and more compact 2. To describe the direction in which the wires are stranded in
equipment (e.g. power winches on mobile cranes and mine relation to the direction of the strands in the completed rope,
winding) there is a gradual upward trend in the required rope wire e.g. Ordinary lay or Langs lay.
tensile range. However, as factors other than strength influence Ordinary lay means the wires in a strand are laid in a
the life of wire rope, the specific application must be kept in mind direction opposite to the direction in which the strands are
when tensile strength of wire is selected. laid in the final rope.
Surface Finish Langs lay is the reverse of Ordinary lay. That is, the wires are
laid in the same direction as the strands in the rope.
The most common are:
Langs lay ropes have superior properties in resistance to
Galvanised wire rope - Zinc coated Class B is denoted
wear, abrasion, fatigue and scuffing. This is illustrated on the
with B (formerly G). following page, where it can be seen that wear on an outer
Galvanised wire rope - Zinc coated Class A is denoted wire is distributed over a far greater area than in Ordinary lay.
with A (formerly G Class A). 3. "Lay" is also a measure of the pitch of a strand in a rope.
Uncoated or Bright wire rope (Black) - is denoted
with U (formerly B).
26
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Lay Directions & Types

Lay direction of strands for stranded ropes are right (z) or left (s) Characteristics of Lay: The direction of rope lay does not affect
and correspond to the direction of lay of the outer wires in the Breaking Force of a rope. However, the combination of strand
relation to the longitudinal axis of the strand. lay and rope lay will greatly affect the rope characteristics and
this factor must be taken into consideration when choosing a
Lay direction of ropes are right (Z) or left (S) and correspond to rope. Although the lay length can slightly affect rope behaviour
the direction of lay of the outer wires in a spiral rope, the outer the dominant aspect that influences performance is the direction
strands in a stranded rope or the unit ropes in a cable-laid rope of lay and whether it is Langs lay or Ordinary lay. For example,
in relation to the longitudinal axis of the rope. the importance of rope lay is evident in a four-part highlift grab
where rotation of the grab is prevented by the use of alternate
right-hand and left-hand ropes.
Lubrication, Specifications, Testing

& Plastic Coating
Lubrication
When a rope is operated over a drum or sheave, the strands
and wires move relative to one another. To reduce the resultant
friction within the rope as well as the friction between the rope
z (right lay) s (left lay) and drum or sheave, ropes are lubricated in manufacture.
In addition this lubrication also retards corrosion and inhibits
possible rotting of the fibre core. In special applications a
combination of lubricants may be called for, e.g., the core and
inner wires of the strands may be heavily lubricated while the
lighter lubrication may be applied to outer wires and strands.
Wire rope cores are normally heavily lubricated irrespective of
the outer strand lubrication.
Specifications
All standard ropes are produced to generally comply with the
requirements of Australian Standards. However some of our
more technically advanced wire ropes have special characteristics
required to provide superior performance.
Testing & Inspection of Wire Ropes

Nobles can offer special services for rope users to assist in their
inspection of used ropes. Our personnel have in many cases had
Ordinary lay Langs lay a lifetime in the industry during which considerable experience
has been gained.
RHOL / RHRL (sZ) LHOL / LHRL (zS) RHLL (zZ) LHLL (sS)
Note: The first letter of the symbol denotes strand direction and the second letter denotes
The NATA accredited tensile laboratories in the various Nobles
rope direction. branches throughout Australia can provide tensile destruction
testing services, while the company is also accredited by NATA
to carry out non-destructive testing on wire ropes in situ.
Right hand ordinary lay (sZ)
Plastic Coated Wire Ropes
Plastic coatings are extruded onto a range of rope and stranded
Right hand langs lay (zZ) products for applications requiring a high resistance to corrosion.
Plastic coated ropes are available in the following rope size and
construction range:
Left hand ordinary lay (zS)
6x7 and 7x7 up to 8mm galvanised
6x19 and 7x19 up to 12mm galvanised
6x24 up to 12mm galvanised
Left hand langs lay (sS)
Typical applications are rigging lines, handrails, steering lines and
holding lines in the shipping, pearling and fishing industries.
Right hand alternate lay (aZ) Plastic coated strands are also available in PVC and black
polyethylene.
One rope lay

Standard Blue PVC Coating on 6 x 19 FC B 1570 Wire Rope
27
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Ordering Rope Core

The size, grade and construction of a rope must match the The type of rope core must be specified because of the significant
specific application and design factors. differences in properties of a wire rope core and fibre core.
Rope Length
Wire rope is manufactured to length tolerances as follows;
Up to 400m = +5% - 0%
400 to 1000m = +20m 6 x 25 FW Fibre Core
Over 1000m = +2% - 0%
When a closer length is required, this should be specified in the
order. In calculating rope length requirements, it is advisable to
consider the following practical points for economy in operation:
Ordering for Special Applications
1. In most cases, mining regulations require a test length be cut
at specified periods. Sufficient extra length to cater for such To obtain the best rope recommended for particular equipment
tests over the expected service life of the rope should be and operating conditions, information should be supplied on
added to the necessary operating rope length, plus a loading, sheave and drum diameters, speed of operation,
minimum of 2 1/2 drum turns for anchorage. corrosive conditions and fleet angles etc. A simple sketch of the
rope rigging is a convenient means of showing this type of
2. It is also advisable to make allowance for "cropping" in information.
service as a consequence of wear or accidental damage at
the capel end. All orders should contain information on the above factors.
3. In many rope applications, wear and other deterioration are When purchasers are not sure of the exact requirements the
concentrated in spots along the length of the rope. It is often following particulars should be submitted:-
possible to gain economies in the overall life of the rope by (a) Length and size.
providing additional length to enable feeding through of the (b) Load exclusive of mass of the rope.
new rope from the drum to spread the area of wear. This (c) Dimensions of drums and sheave.
practice is regularly used to advantage on cable-operated (d) Corrosive conditions.
earthmoving equipment and oil-well drilling rigs. (e) Sketch of the application.
4. Short lengths of special rope constructions, if ordered in
Special aspects of rope supply may be necessary
single units, can be costly to produce. Consideration of the
number of such ropes in use and their probable service life The following check list is suggested:-
can often make it more economical to order several such
ropes at one time. As a rule, this helps to expedite production (a) Special length considerations such as minimum length,
and lessens the possibility of delays in supply. exact length.
(b) Special diameter tolerance.
On existing equipment the rope size is generally fixed by the (c) Rope end preparation.
grooving of the sheaves and drums. Larger ropes should never be (d) End attachments to inside or outside end.
used without modification of drum and sheave grooving to suit (e) Stretch considerations.
the new rope. It should be remembered that ropes 8mm and (f) Special lubricant type and amount.
above are made to a diameter tolerance of minus 0% to plus 5% (g) Special reel dimensions, strength, shaft sizes, anchorage
with the exception of 6x24 construction, which has a tolerance of details and lagging.
plus 7%. (h) Despatch instructions.
Construction EXAMPLE
The construction of a rope for any given application should be A typical order for wire rope would read:
suited to the equipment and to the conditions under which it will "500m 16mm 6x9/9/1 A, B or U 1770 Grade RHLL (zZ) IWRC."
operate. It is important to nominate the construction when
ordering. For example, the rope illustrated is ordered as 6x25
Abbreviations, Prestretching & Seizing
Filler Wire.
Rope Grade Abbreviations

The following abbreviations have been standardised for ordering
The minimum tensile strength of the wire is expressed in
and identification purposes.
megapascals.
Lay of Rope Wire Qualities

1570 MPa
Lay affects behaviour and operating life of a wire rope. It is
important therefore to quote (a) the direction of lay, and (b) the 1770 MPa
type of lay and details of the rope application and operating
conditions. The illustration shows a right hand langs lay (zZ) or 1960 MPa
RHLL rope. Ropes are normally supplied right-hand lay. I.P.S. Improved Plough Steel
E.I.P.S. Extra Improved Plough Steel
Right Hand Langs Lay
28
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Constructions & Lays Short Seizing (for ropes below 26mm diameter)
RHOL Right Hand Ordinary Lay (sZ) 1. Wrap the seizing wire around the rope eight or ten turns.
LHOL Left Hand Ordinary Lay (zS) 2. Twist the two ends of the seizing wire together approximately
RHLL Right Hand Langs Lay (zZ) at the centre position of the seizing. Alternate tightening and
LHLL Left Hand Langs Lay (sS) twisting of the ends will draw the seizing up tight.
RHAL Right Hand Alternate Lay (aZ) 3. Cut the end of the twisted wires and knock down into a valley
Pref Preformed between strands.
Post Postformed
IWRC Independent Wire Rope Core Short Seizing
WSC Wire Strand Core
FC Fibre Core
FW Filler Wire Strand Construction
TS Triangular Strand Construction
W Warrington Strand Construction
S Seale Strand Construction
SW Seale Warrington Construction
SF Seale Filler Construction
D or d Diameter (in millimetres)
FS Flattened Strand
HLC Half Locked Coil
FLC Full Locked Coil
Prestretching The number of seizings required depends on the type and

Is the loading of a rope or strand from 33.3% to 50% of its diameter of the rope. The following minimum number of seizings
breaking load to remove constructional stretch, and this allows for are recommended:-
the more accurate setting of lengths for guying and suspension
Preformed or Postformed ordinary lay 1 seizing.
cables.
Langs lay rope with wire rope core and rotation resistant ropes
The initial stretch cannot be accurately determined by theoretical
2 seizings.
means and will continue to take place until it has been completely
removed. Seizing Wire
After this initial stretch (or constructional stretch) has been Both soft annealed single wire and stranded seizing wires are
removed the strand will have a truly elastic measure where used in the seizing of steel wire ropes. Suitable sizes are listed
elongation is proportional to applied load. below:-
Seizing
List of Seizings Recommended For Standard Ropes
Either of the following methods of seizing will ensure that the
rope will later perform its job satisfactorily.
Rope Diameter (mm) 7 wire seizing strand Single seizing wire
Long Seizing (for ropes over 26mm diameter)
Up to 14 0.90
1. Place one end of seizing wire in the valley between strands.
16 26 1.25
2. Take the long end of the wire and turn at right angles to itself
and wind back over itself and the rope in a close tight seizing 28 38 7/0.90 2.00
of the required length.
Over 38 7/1.25 2.75
3. The amount of seizing should not be less than 6 to 8 times
the rope diameter.
4. Twist the two ends of the wire together. Alternate tightening
and twisting of the ends will draw the seizing up tight.
Transport, Storage & Handling
5. Cut the end of the twisted wires and knock down into a valley Transporting
between two strands. Ropes are supplied on reels or in coil form. When transporting,
care must be taken not to damage rope by contact with other
Long Seizing goods. Reels and coils should be lifted rather than dropped, tipped
or rolled, to avoid damage.
Seizing Mallet or Bat
Ropes should be uncovered as soon as they are received and
checked for possible transit damage.
Storage
Ropes, whether on reel or in coils, should be stored on blocks off
the floor to prevent sweating and corrosion and under cover in
The above method is best applied using a seizing mallet or bat. dry conditions free from possible attack by corrosive agents, such
as milldust, sulphur or acid fumes.
29
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
If ropes are to be stored for any length of time in warm or hot
conditions likely to cause the lubricant to drain to the lower side WARNING
of the reel, the reels should be mounted on a horizontal shaft and
turned over periodically to maintain uniform lubrication of the When releasing rope from coils or reels, care must be taken to
rope. Additional lubrication may be necessary. retard the violent release of the rope end which could cause
damage, serious injury or death.
Removed ropes awaiting further use, should be thoroughly
cleaned, inspected, lubricated and stored under the same
conditions as new ropes. Installation
Handling Rope Equipment Checking
Incorrect handling of rope from reels and coils can result in Improved rope performance can be obtained by paying attention
springing of wires and strands and kinking of the rope. This type to the following areas:
of damage can seldom be entirely corrected and can greatly
reduce the effective life of the rope. Sheaves should be grooved to the nominal rope diameter plus
an allowance of 7% to allow for rope manufacturing tolerances
The drawings show correct and incorrect methods of reeling a and should be re-machined when worn to nominal diameter
rope from the transport reel onto a drum or another reel. The plus 3%. Sheaves must also be free from score marks, run
transport reel should be firmly mounted and braked to prevent freely and be true.
overrunning and give tight rewinding. A suitable stand for the reel
is also shown. Guides and rollers must be free from undersized grooving and
broken flanges, and should run free and true.
Drum grooves should be checked for size and riser plates
checked for effectiveness.
Displaced or damaged cheek plates in rope blocks or safety
guards should be repaired.
Grabbing clutches and brakes should be repaired and adjusted
to obviate impact loads on the rope.
Correct method Incorrect method End fittings, such as wedges, sockets and drums anchorages,
should be inspected for excessive wear.
Methods of removing rope from reels & coils The fleet angle has an important bearing on the winding of a
Turntables, preferably mounted on the floor, may be used for rope from sheave to drum, particularly at high operation speeds.
unwinding ropes from reels stored on their sides. Care must be If winding is to take place smoothly, the fleet angles on both
taken to brake such turntables, as over-running could cause the sides of the drum will have to be kept within acceptable limits.
rope to slacken, fall off and foul under the turntable.
Excessive fleet angles can result in considerable abrasive damage
If a coil is too large to be handled manually it should be mounted to both sheave flanges and rope and considerably reduce the life
on a turntable or suspended by a spindle from a swivel crane of the rope and the equipment.
hook. Fleet angles normally range to a maximum of 1.5 for plain
When coiling ropes down by hand on the floor, an occasional coil drums and to a maximum of 2.5 for grooved drums. Smaller
wound underhand relieves torque and provides a more easily angles are required for high speed haulage such as mine
handled coil. Right Hand lay ropes should be coiled down windings. Unless the head or guide sheave is centred with respect
clockwise, Left Hand lay ropes anti-clockwise. to the drum, there will be different values for the left and the
right fleet angles.
Left Fleet Angle
Sheave
Incorrect method: Dont pull

the rope from a stationary coil. Right Fleet Angle
Drum
Correct methods of taking ropes
from coils: Roll the coil along the
ground or use a turntable. Rope End Preparation
Normally wire ropes are delivered with seized ends. As a rule, no
further preparation is necessary, but in some cases where ropes
must be reeved through restricted openings, such as drum
anchorages and blocks systems, the rope can be supplied with
welded tapered ends or with links welded on the ends. The latter
enables the new rope to be installed by attaching it either to the
old rope or a tow rope and drawing onto the equipment.
Tensioning Rope
Wire rope for multi-layer drums must be installed under tension.
It is imperative that the bottom layer is tight with the exact
Correct methods of taking ropes from reels: When a large number of turns on the drum.
reel is used, it is recommended that a plank is used as a brake
against the reel flange or on the shaft or side plate.
30
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Wire Rope Life 2. Operating Environment:

The main factors, which affect rope life are: Corrosion when corrosive conditions exist, regular rope
inspection, particularly of the IWRC, is essential. The effects
1. Basic design of equipment or installation: of corrosion can be partly offset by the use of galvanised
wire rope.
Sheave size, drum design and drum diameter can directly
affect wire rope life. For example, doubling the sheave size Temperature excessively high operating temperatures can
can produce up to four times the rope life. The minimum lead to deterioration of the wire rope core, and thereby cause
ratios in the following table should be adhered to:- rope fatigue.
3. Rope Maintenance:
Recommended Minimum Ratio of Drum & End for ending and cropping in certain applications, e.g.,
Sheave Diameter to Rope Diameter drag ropes, it is possible to "end for end" the rope. This will
give longer rope life due to the wear points being re-located.
Rope Construction Ratio If additional rope can be accommodated on the drum, then
6x7 43 progressive cutting back (cropping) will bring "new" rope into
the system, and will re-locate wear points.
6 x 19S (9/9.1) 32
Treatment of broken wires broken wires affecting the life
6 x 21FW (10/5 + 5F/1) 30 of adjacent wires should be removed.
6 x 19W (6 & 6/6/1) 30 Discard practices - clear policies regarding discard should
6 x 25FW (12/6 + 6F/1) 23 be formulated. Rope Maintenance Schedules, based on
experience, should be drawn up to provide periodic
6 x 36SW (14/7 & 7/7/1) 22 inspections and removal cycles for each rope as well as
6 x 26WF (7 & 7/7/4/1) 22 inspections of individual components such as the sheaves.
Regular maintenance ensures optimum rope life, minimises
6 x 24 (15/9/F) 22
down time of plant and equipment and increases the
6 x 29FW (14/7 + 7F/1) 22 efficiency of the operation.
6 x 41SW (16/8/8 & 8/8/1) 21 Broken Wires
6 x 37 (18/12/6/1) 21 General purpose ropes, crane ropes and hoist ropes should be
19 x 7 23 discarded whenever any of the types of degradation exceed the
limits given in the Table below. However, the rope life may be
35 x 7 20
ended before these limits are reached.
4 x 39 Mono Track 20 The table below allows for internal wire breaks and is valid for
For Casar Ropes refer to A. Noble & Son Ltd. all constructions of rope. In 6-strand and in 8-strand ropes, wire
breaks occur principally at the external surface. This does not
apply to wire ropes having a number of layers of strands
(typically multistrand constructions), where the majority of wire
breaks occur internally and are therefore non-visible fractures.
Limit of Degradation for Discard of General Purpose Lifting Ropes, Crane Ropes
& Hoist Ropes (see Notes 1 & 2)
Limit of degradation for discard (see Note 4)
Type of degradation Construction (see Note 3) Maximum allowable number of Maximum allowable number of
broken wires over a length of 6 broken wires over a length of 30
times the ropes diameter times the ropes diameter
Broken wires 6 x 19 (12/6/1) 5 10

6 x 19 S (9/9/1) 3 6
6 x 26 SW (10/5 and 5/5/1) 5 10
6 x 25 FW (12/6 and 6/1) 5 10
6 x 29 FW (14/7/7/1) 7 14
6 x 24 (15/9/F) 5 10
8 x 19 S (9/9/1) 5 10
8 x 25 FW (12/6 and 6/1) 6 13
6 x 36 SW (14/7 and 7/7/1) 7 14
6 x 37 (18/12/6/1) 10 19
6 x 41 SW (16/8 and 8/8/1) 9 18
18 x 7 NR 1 2
34 x 7 NR 2 4
4 x 48 2 4
Wear All types Outer wires are worn more than one third of their diameter
Loss of area All types The loss of metallic area due to visible combined wire wear and
broken or cracked wires exceeds 10%
Corrosion All types Corrosion is marked by noticeable pitting or loosening of outer wires
NOTES:
1. The number of wire breaks before discard in the above table is quite high, and if wire breaks are concentrated in one strand, lower levels for discard are appropriate. If more than
one third of the outer wires in a strand are broken over a length of six times the rope diameter, the rope shall be discarded.
2. Where ropes are used for lifts, AS 1735.2 applies, which is less stringent than the above table. The mining industry frequently requires more stringent discard criteria.
3. Rope of Langs lay construction other than rotation resistant ropes shall have no more than 50% of the above values.
4. Number of broken wires alone is not the only factor in discarding a wire rope.
For Casar and 4 x 39 Mono Track wire ropes refer to A. Noble & Son Ltd.
31
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Care & Maintenance Deterioration

Breaking in Typical examples of wire rope deterioration
A wire rope may be looked upon as a machine composed of a 1. Mechanical damage due to
large number of moving parts. As such it should be broken in as rope movement over sharp
soon as it is installed, by loading it very lightly for a few cycles edges whilst under load
and then gradually stepping up the load, to enable both wires and
strands to bed down into the working positions, with the load
distributed as uniformly as possible. 2. Localised wear due to
With strand 6 and 8 stranded ropes, the torque can greatly abrasion on supporting
diminish after breaking in by releasing the connection and structure.
allowing the torque to run out. This procedure may have to be
repeated until the constructional stretch has been worked out of
the rope and it has become neutral.
3. Narrow path of wire breaks
The use of spinners or swivels should be avoided whenever caused by working in a
possible. All ropes should be reeled onto winch drums as tightly grossly oversized groove or
and uniformly as possible during the initial installation. over small support rollers.
Inspection
Wire rope is tough and durable, but nonetheless expendable 4. Severe wear in Langs Lay,
and eventually reaches the end of its safe service life. caused by abrasion at cross-
Rope deterioration becomes noticeable through the presence of over points on multi-layer
coiling application.
broken wires, surface wear, corrosion, wire or strand distortion
due to mechanical abuse, or drastic reduction in diameter and
lengthening of the lay. Also deterioration can be detected by the 5. Corrosion of severe degree
use of non-destructive testing techniques. Wire ropes should caused by immersion of rope
periodically be inspected for signs of deterioration. in water.
While Statutory Regulations govern the inspection and discarding

of certain wire ropes, the same rules cannot be applied to all 6. Typical wire fractures as
ropes. The proper frequency and degree of inspection depends a result of bend fatigue.
largely on the possible risk to personnel and machinery in the
event of rope failure. The determination of the point at which a 7. Wire fractures at the strand,
rope should be discarded for reasons of safety requires judgment or core interface, as distinct
and experience in rope inspection in addition to knowledge of the from crown fractures caused
performance of previous ropes used in the same application. by failure of core support.
Where the Statutory Regulations are laid down for the inspection
and discarding of wire ropes and their attachments, wire rope 8. Typical example of localised
users should become fully acquainted with the regulations and wear and deformation created
at a previously kinked portion
see that they are carried out.
of rope.
Sufficient records should be kept to provide a reliable history of
the ropes under their control. Inspection of both operated and 9. Multi-strand rope bird caged
discarded ropes frequently indicates equipment faults that have due to torsional unbalance.
a large bearing on the service life and safety of the rope. It is Typical of build-up seen at
therefore essential to inspect the equipment on which the rope anchorage end of multi-fall
is used as well as the rope itself. crane application.
Non Destructive Testing
This method of inspection of wire ropes has become part of the 10. Protrusion of IWRC resulting
from shock loading.
mining industries standard requirements for over 20 years.
An electromagnetic instrument is used to non-destructively
examine the rope. It incorporates a sensor head that is able to
induce a magnetic field in a section of rope that is located within
the instrument. Changes in the metallic field enable a chart to be
produced showing changes in metallic cross-sectional area and
any wire breaks or other anomalies. Life of costly wire ropes may
be extended by this sophisticated method.
- METALLIC AREA LOSS CHART - % REDUCTION
- LOCAL FAULT CHART -
32
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Stretch in Ropes
When load is first applied to a new rope it stretches due to the To forecast the amount of stretch accurately for a rope under
individual wires settling down. This is referred to as the Initial or a given set of conditions, calculations must be based on the result
Manufacturing Stretch. Subsequently a gradual stretch takes place of a load / extension test on a sample from the particular rope.
during the whole of the ropes life; the amount depends on many However, if the results of such a test are not available,
variables such as length, type of construction, loading and the an indication of the increase in length can be obtained from
modulus of elasticity of the particular rope. the formula.
T = (2W + Lw) ( 2aL E )

Where T = Stretch in metres
W = Load in kgs
L = Length in metres
w = Weight of rope in kgs / metre
a = Cross sectional area of rope in millimetres 2
E = Modulus of Elasticity, kgs / mm 2
Approximate Modulus of Elasticity for New Ropes

6 x 7 FC 96 GPa (0.0098 x 106 kgs/mm2)
7X7 117 GPa (0.0119 x 106 kgs/mm2)
6 X 19 FC 89 GPa (0.0091 x 106 kgs/mm2)
6 X 19 IWRC 110 GPa (0.0112 x 106 kgs/mm2)
7 Wire Strand 145 GPa (0.0148 x 106 kgs/mm2)
6 x 36 IWRC 82 GPa (0.0084 x 106 kgs/mm2)
6 x 36 FC 82 GPa (0.0084 x 106 kgs/mm2)
6 x 12/12/ FC 96 GPa (0.0098 x 106 kgs/mm2)
Locked Coil Winding Rope 125 GPa (0.0127 x 106 kgs/mm2)
Locked Coil Guide Rope 138 GPa (0.0141 x 106 kgs/mm2)
For used ropes 20% should be added to these figures.
Calculation of Cross Sectional Area of Wire Rope

A = F x d2
A = Metallic area of rope with fibre core in mm2
F = Compactness factor
d = Nominal diameter of rope in millimetres
For 6 strand rope with IWRC add 15%, with strand core add 20%
For flattened strand rope with IWRC, add 10%
For 8 strand rope with IWRC, add 20%
Compactness Factor F
Rope Construction Factor F
6x7 0.38
6 x 19/6 x 21 0.395
6 x 25 Filler Wire/6 x 36 Group 0.405
7 Wire Galvanised Guy Strand 0.596
19 Wire Galvanised Guy Strand 0.580
33
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL INFORMATION
Tolerances on rope diameter

Nominal Rope Diameter Tolerance as percentage of nominal diameter
d Ropes with strands that are exclusively of Ropes with strands that incorporate
mm wire or incorporate solid polymer centres fibre centres*
2d<4 +8 -0 -
4d<6 +7 -0 +9 -0
6d<8 +6 -0 +8 -0
8 +5 -0 +7 -0
* For example 6 x 24FC
Permissible differences between any two diameter measurements

Nominal Rope Diameter Tolerance as percentage of nominal diameter
d Ropes with strands that are exclusively of Ropes with strands that incorporate
mm wire or incorporate solid polymer centres fibre centres*
2d<4 7 -
4d<6 6 8
6d<8 5 7
8 4 6
* For example 6 x 24FC
34
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
BREAKING FORCE TABLES
The following tables show rope mass in "kg per 100 metres" and All ropes are in millimeter diameter. Only preferred sizes have
breaking force in "kilonewtons" for the various rope groups. been included in the tables. Non preferred sizes should be the
subject of special inquiry. Special non preferred sizes to suit
It will be noted that the value varies from group to group since existing deep mining and large excavator equipment are available
the various constructions contain different steel areas and variable although new equipment should use only preferred diameters.
losses are incurred as the result of the stranding of the wires.
The breaking force unit is the kilonewton, this being the force
Wire quality has been nominated in 1570, 1770 and 1960 grade which, applied to a mass of one kilogram, produces an
for the majority of wire ropes, the value 1570, 1770 etc. acceleration of one metre per second. The minimum rope
corresponds to the minimum tensile strength of the wire breaking force required will depend on the factor of safety
expressed in megapascals. Marine and General Purpose covered by the application and in the case of a single supporting
galvanised ropes have been nominated in 1570 grade and are rope where the rope mass is ignored will be equal to the
confined to certain rope constructions. Other 6 strand gravitational force multiplied by the factor of safety. Minimum
constructions in galvanised rope should be ordered in 1770 grade. rope breaking force (kN) = Mass (tonnes) per rope part x factor
The breaking forces of rope of tensile grades other than 1770 can of safety required x 9.81.
be calculated by multiplying the value of 1770 grade by the ratio To calculate approximate mass equivalent, at sea level,
of the grade number. The grade of 2070 is the preferred high divide kilonewtons by 9.81
tensile grade for 6 strand ropes but 1960 is preferred for 19x7,
Example: 12mm 6 x 7 Fibre Core G1570 grade
35x7 and most Casar ropes.
75 = 7.65 tonnes
= 75 kN =
9.81
For most practical purposes, divide by 10 in lieu of 9.81
TYPICAL ROPE RECOMENDATIONS
Applications Size Range Rope Recommendations Lay Preformed Core Factors of Safety
Dia. (mm)
LOGGING Log Winch 13 - 28 19S RHOL IWRC Logging Skylines........3.5

32 - 36 25FW RHOL IWRC
Log Skidder 13 - 28 19S, 25FW RHOL IWRC
Yard Rope 16 - 20 25FW, 29FW RHOL FC
PILING Pile Driving Hammer 16 - 32 36 RHOL IWRC

Drop Hammer 16 - 32 25FW, 36SW, 4x39 RHOL FC
Pile Handling 13 - 24 25FW RHOL IWRC, FC
SLINGS Slings - Standard 9 - 32 24, 36SW RHOL FC, IWRC AS 1666 - 1995.......5.0
Slings - High Tensile 9 - 28 25FW, 36SW RHOL IWRC
32 - 104 36SW, 41SW RHOL IWRC
CRANES Tower - Hoist 20 - 42 Eurolift, 35x7, Powerlift, Starlift RHOL or RHLL For safety factors on cranes
refer to AS 1418.1:2002
Tower - Luffing 20 - 42 4x39, Stratoplast, Turboplast RHLL
Trolley Line 13 - 24 25FW, 36SW RHOL IWRC
Overhead 6 - 10 19x7, Starlift
1 - 3 Falls 12 - 18 35x7, Eurolift, 4x39 RHOL

Overhead Stratoplast, Turboplast RHOL or RHLL IWRC
4 Falls or more 25FW, 36SW, Betalift, Alphalift RHOL or RHLL IWRC
Mobile - Hoist 11 - 20 Eurolift, Starlift, 19x7, 35x7,4x39 RHOL or RHLL

22 - 32 Eurolift, Starlift, 19x7, 35x7,4x39 RHOL or RHLL
Mobile - Luffing 13 - 26 25W, Stratoplast, Turboplast RHLL IWRC
GRABS Grab - Holding 18 - 28 25FW, 36SW, 4x39 RHOL or RHLL IWRC, FC ................5.0
Closing 18 - 29 Stratoplast, Turboplast LHOL or LHLL
WATER DRILLING 14 - 18 24, 4x39 LHOL, RHOL FC
DRILLING Diamond 12 - 16 19x7, 4x39 RHOL FC

16 - 20 35x7, 4x39 RHOL* FC
SHIPPING Mooring 16 - 26 24, 36SW RHOL FC

26 - 40 36SW, 41SW RHOL FC
Towing 32 - 56 36SW, 41SW RHOL FC, IWRC
Loading Gear - Lashing 12 - 32 24 RHOL FC
Rigging 10 - 32 7x7, 7x19 RHOL IWRC
SLIPWAY 16 - 32 24, 36SW RHOL FC

32 - 56 36SW, 41SW RHOL FC, IWRC
WINCHES Trailer - Boat 5-8 19, 7x19 RHOL IWRC, FC

General Purpose 8 - 28 19S, 25FW, 36SW RHOL IWRC
32 - 64 25FW, 36SW, 41SW RHOL IWRC
Note: 6 Strand ropes except where otherwise stated.
35
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL PURPOSE WIRE ROPES
Galvanised Wire Ropes for Marine and General Galvanised Wire Ropes for Marine and General
Purposes Round Strand 6 x 7 Purposes Round Strand 6 x 19
6 x 7 (6/1) 7 x 7 (6/1) 6 x 19 6 x 19S 6 x 19W

Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking
(12/6/1) (9/9/1) (6 & 6/6/1)
Diameter Mass Force Grade 1570
Fibre Core Wire Rope Core Fibre Core Wire Rope Core Diameter Mass Force Grade 1570
FC IWRC FC IWRC
Fibre Core Wire Rope Core Fibre Core Wire Rope Core
mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN FC IWRC FC IWRC
2 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.3 mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN

3 3.1 3.5 4.7 5.1 3.5 4.2 4.6 5.8 6.4
4 5.5 6.1 8.4 9.0 4 5.5 6.1 7.7 8.5
5 8.6 9.6 13.1 14.1 5 8.6 9.5 12 13.2
6 12.4 13.8 18.8 20.3 6 12.4 13.7 17.6 19.3
7 16.9 18.8 19.3 27.6 7 16.9 18.7 23.4 25.8
8 22.1 24.6 33.4 36.1 8 22.1 24.4 30.9 33.3
9 27.6 31.1 42.2 45.7 9 28 30.8 39.1 42.2
10 34.5 38.4 52.2 56.3 10 34.6 38.1 48.2 52.1
11 41.7 46.5 63.1 68.2 11 41.9 46.1 58.4 63.1
12 49.7 55.3 75 81.2 12 49.8 54.8 69.5 75
13 58.3 64.9 88.1 94.9 13 58.5 64.3 81.5 88.1
14 67.6 75.3 102 111 14 67.8 74.6 94.6 102
16 88.3 96.3 133 145 16 88.6 97.4 124 133
18 112 124 169 183 18 112 123 156 169
20 138 154 208 225 20 138 152 193 208
22 167 186 252 273 22 167 184 234 252
24 199 221 300 324 24 199 219 278 300
26 233 260 353 381
28 270 301 409 442
32 353 393 534 577
Galvanised Wire Ropes for Marine and General
Purposes Round Strand 6 x 24 Fibre Core
Galvanised Wire Ropes (Higher Tensiles)
6 x 24 (15/9/F)
Nominal Diameter Approximate Minimum Breaking Force
Mass Grade 1570
7 x 19 WSC 6 x 19 S 6 x 25 FW mm kg/100m kN
(9/9/1) (12/6 & 6 F/1) 8 20.1 28.7

9 25.4 36.4
10 31.4 44.9
Diameter Construction Mass Force Grade 2070
Wire Rope Core Wire Rope Core 11 38.0 54.3
IWRC IWRC 12 45.2 64.0
mm kg/100m kN
13 53.1 75.9
4 7 x 19 6.1 11.9 14 61.5 88.0
5 7 x 19 9.5 18.7 16 80.4 115
6 7 x 19 13.7 27.3 18 102 145
6.3 7 x 19 15.1 33.4 20 126 180
8 6 x (9/9/1) S 24.4 47 22 152 217
10 7 x 19 38.1 68.6 24 181 259
11 6 x 25FW 50.6 89.4 26 212 304
16 6 x 25FW 107 188 28 246 352
32 322 460
36
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GENERAL PURPOSE WIRE ROPES
TO AS 3569.1
General Purpose Wire Ropes
6 x 19 S 6 x 21 FW 6 x 25 FW 6 x 26 WF 6 x 29 FW 6 x 36 SW 6 x 41 SW 6 x 49 SFW
(9/9/1) (10/5 + 5 F/1) (12/6 & 6 F/1) (7 & 7/7/4/1) (14/7 + 7 F/1) (14/7 & 7/7/1) (16/8 & 8/8/1) (16/16/8 + 8 F/1)
8 - 44mm 8 - 60mm 8 - 60mm 9 - 16mm 10 - 44mm 9 - 60mm 22 - 52mm 52 - 60mm
Nominal Minimum Breaking Force
Approximate Mass
Diameter IWRC
6 x 19 to 6 x 25 6 x 26 to 6 x 49 Grade 1770 Grade 1960
IWRC IWRC
mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN
8 25.6 26.2 40.3 44.7
9 32.4 33.1 51 56.5
10 40.4 40.9 63 69.8
11 48.4 49.5 76.2 84.4
12 57.6 58.9 90.7 100
13 67.6 69.1 106 118
14 78.4 80.2 124 137
16 102 105 161 179
18 130 133 204 226
20 160 164 252 279
22 194 198 305 338
24 230 236 363 402
26 270 276 426 472
28 314 321 494 547
32 410 419 645 715
36 518 530 817 904
40 640 654 1010 1120
44 774 792 1220 1350
48 922 942 1450 1610
52 1080 1110 1700 1890
56 2250 1280 1980 2190
58 1390 2200 2440
60 1440 1470 2270 2510
64 1730 2691
70 2080 3090
75 2360 3622
Travelling Irrigator Galvanised Wire Ropes
6 x 7 (6/1) FC 7 x 7 WSC
Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking Force
Diameter Mass Grade 1770 Grade 2070
Polypropylene Wire Strand Polypropylene Wire Strand Polypropylene Wire Strand
Core Core Core Core Core Core
mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN kN kN
3.35 4.4 8.5
5 8.6 9.6 16.1 17.1 18.8
6 12.4 13.8 21.2 22.9 24.6 27.1
7 16.9 18.8 21.8 31.1 37.1
8 22.1 24.6 37.6 40.7 47.4
9 27.6 31.1 47.6 51.5 60.2
10 34.5 38.4 58.8 63.5 74.1
37
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES

19 x 7 Construction Wire Ropes are not
recommended in diameters above 18mm.
35 x 7 ropes should be used above
12mm diameter.
Rotation Resistant 19 x 7 L Rotation Resistant 35 x 7 L

Nominal Approximate Minimum Nominal Approximate Minimum Minimum
Diameter Mass Breaking Force Diameter Mass Breaking Force Breaking Force
Grade 1960 Grade 1960 Grade 2160
mm kg/100m kN mm kg/100m kN kN
6 15 25.9 14 87 160.1 165
8 26.9 47.1 16 113 202.5 217
9 34.1 59.6 18 143 263.1 271
10 42.1 73.5 19 160 298.9 308
12 60.8 105.9 20 175 319.2 336
13 70 119.6 22 211 387.9 413
14 81.9 143.8 24 251 457.7 493
16 107 188.5 26 301 545.7 576
18 137 238.6 28 339 617.8 646
L = Langs Lay. 30 392 724.2 -
32 441 811.2 829
34 501 918.7 -
36 563 1029.7 1060
L = Langs Lay.
Rotation Resistant 35 x 7 L Compacted

Nominal Approximate Minimum Minimum
Diameter Mass Breaking Force Breaking Force
Grade 1960 Grade 2160
mm kg/100m kN kN
13 87 157 -
14 100 182.3 -
16 132 237 251
18 167 301 308
19 184 335.8 344
20 206 373 382
22 247 450 466
24 294 535 555
26 343 627 660
28 398 694 758
30 463 797 -
32 527 908 980
34 594 1020 -
36 666 1147 1232
L = Langs Lay.
38
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES
Rotation Resistant 4 x 39 (SES) a hazardous environment. To overcome this problem a 4-strand

Mono Track rope with a unique construction has been designed.
These rotation resistant wire ropes are commonly used in the
It is well known that wire ropes tend to spin or rotate under load. construction industry to minimise rotation in single and multi-part
This can cause damage to the wire rope or load, work delays and hoisting systems.
Nominal Minimum Breaking Force

Diameter Approximate Mass
H Grade SH Grade
mm kg/100m kN kN
10 41 63.9 69.2
11.2 51 80.3 87
12 59 89 96.5
12.5 63 100 108.9
14 80 125.7 136.3
16 104 163.8 177.5
4 x 39 (SES)
18 134 208.7 225.6
19 149 231.4 251.1
20 163 256 277.5
22.4 205 321.7 348.1
24 235 356 385.4
25 255 399.1 432.5
26 276 431.5 466.8
28 325 502.1 543.3
30 373 575.7 623.7
31.5 411 634.5 687.5
32 424 655.1 709
33.5 465 717.8 777.7
35.5 522 806.1 872.8
37.5 582 899.3 973.8
40 663 1000.3 1078.7
42.5 748 1127.8 1225.8
45 838 1255.3 1372.9
39
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
OLIVEIRA ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES
NR Maxipact
Minimum Breaking Force
Nominal Metallic Approximate
Diameter Area Mass Grade 1960 Grade 2160
mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN
13 94 81 156 164
14 109 94 182 191
15 124 107 207 217 NR Maxipact (34 x 7)
16 143 124 239 250
17 160 139 267 280
18 178 154 297 311
19 198 171 330 347
34 x 7 20 220 190 367 385
21 247 214 412 432
22 267 231 446 467
23 295 255 492 516
24 320 277 534 560
25 353 306 581 617
NR Maxipact
26 379 327 632 663 with optional PPI (34 x 7)
27 407 352 679 712
28 436 377 728 763
Non rotating construction with fully
30 507 438 846 887
compacted strands.
32 575 497 959 1006
34 647 559 1079 1132 Available in Lang's Lay only
37 x 7 36 732 633 1221 1281 Can be used with a swivel
38 811 701 1352 1418 Can be used with a single fall
40 896 775 1495 1568
Also available with a Plastic
42 997 862 1664 1745
Protected Impregnated core (PPI)
Full size range available from 13mm to 52mm
NR Maxilift
13 90.9 79 152 159
14 105.5 91 176 187
15 122.3 106 204 214
16 138.8 120 232 243 NR Maxilift (27 x 7)
27 x 7 17 155.5 134 260 272
18 175.0 152 292 306
19 193.9 168 324 340
20 215.7 186 360 378
21 241.7 209 403 423
22 266.5 231 445 -
23 290.4 252 485 -
24 315.9 274 527 -
25 344.6 298 575 -
26 369.9 320 617 - NR Maxilift
27 395.5 344 660 - with optional PPI (27 x 7)
28 437.1 379 729 -
31 x 7 28.6 451.8 392 754 -
Non rotating construction with fully
30 496.0 430 828 - compacted strands.
32 560.5 484 935 -
34 628.0 545 1048 - Available in Lang's Lay only
36 717.2 622 1197 - Can be used with a swivel
38 797.3 693 1330 - Can be used with a single fall
40 873.6 758 1457 -
42 981.7 853 1638 -
40
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
OLIVEIRA ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES
LT 24 K (24 x 7)
Minimum
Nominal Metallic Approximate Breaking Force
Diameter Area Mass Grade 1960
mm mm2 kg/100m kN
7.2 26 23 43.7
8 33 29 55.1
9 41 37 69.6
10 53 46 88.2 LT 24 K (24 x 7)
11 65 57 108
12 77 68 128
13 89 78 149
24 x 7 14 104 91 173
15 119 104 198
16 137 121 230
18 177 155 295
19 194 170 324
20 212 186 354
22 259 227 432 LT 24 K (24 x 7)
24 311 274 519 with optional PPI
Rotation Resistant (Low Torque)

construction with fully compacted
strands
Available in Lang's Lay only
Can be used with a swivel with a
minimum of 2 falls
Cannot be used with a single fall
LT 24 K (24 x 17)
Minimum
mm mm2 kg/100m kN
16 138 121 229
18 174 154 290
19 194 172 324
20 215 191 359 LT 24 K (24 x 17)
22 259 230 433
24 315 279 526
24 x 17 25.4 345 306 575
26 366 324 610
28 423 375 706
30 484 427 808
32 561 496 937
34 628 554 1047
36 699 617 1165
38 776 685 1295
LT 24 K (24 x 17)
with optional PPI
Rotation Resistant (Low Torque)

construction with fully compacted
strands
Available in Lang's Lay only
Can be used with a swivel with a
minimum of 2 falls
Cannot be used with a single fall
41
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
OLIVEIRA WIRE ROPES

Towerlift
Minimum
mm mm2 kg/100m kN
13 84.7 73 141
14 100.3 87 168
15 115.6 100 193
16 129.7 112 217 Towerlift (27 x 7)
27 x 7 17 147.6 128 246
18 162.4 141 271
19 180.5 156 301
Non Rotating construction with
20 200.0 174 334
compacted outer strands.
21 224.8 195 375
22 245.8 213 410 Available in Lang's Lay only
23 271.0 235 452 Can be used with a swivel with a
24 295.8 256 494 minimum of 2 falls
25 320.3 277 535 Can be used with a single fall
26 343.9 297 574
27 377.8 327 631
31 x 7
28 403.5 349 674
30 463.3 401 773
32 522.4 452 872
34 594.0 515 991
36 666.1 577 1111
38 738.4 640 1232
HD 8 K
8 33 29 - 58.0
9 42 36 - 73.6
8 x 12
10 53 45 - 92.4
11 64 55 - 112 HD 8 K (8 x 17)
12 75 65 125 131
13 90 77 150 157
8 x 17 14 103 89 172 180
15 120 103 200 210
16 134 116 224 234
18 172 149 287 300
19 191 165 318 334
20 214 185 358 375
8 x 26 22 257 223 430 451
24 308 266 513 538
26 359 310 600 629 HD 8 K (8 x 17)
28 415 358 692 725 with optional PPI
30 479 416 800 859
32 549 475 916 961
34 620 538 1035 1086 For when rotation resistant ropes
8 x 31 36 689 595 1149 1205 are not required
38 771 666 1286 1349 Sizes 8mm to 11 mm are an
40 852 736 1421 1480 8 x 12 construction with
42 938 812 1564 1640 compacted outer strands
44 1031 892 1721 - Sizes 12mm and above are with
46 1133 980 1891 - fully compacted strands
48 1222 1057 2040 -
Available in Regular or Lang's Lay
50 1327 1151 2214 -
8 x 36 52 1440 1253 2404 - Cannot be used with a swivel
54 1565 1351 2611 - Cannot be used with a single fall
56 1667 1442 2781 - Also available with a Plastic
58 1794 1552 2993 - Protected Impregnated core (PPI)
60 1920 1661 3203 -
42
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
CASAR SPECIAL WIRE ROPES
Hoist rope for tower cranes, mobile cranes, electrical hoists

and other applications where rotation resistant ropes are required.
Nominal Metallic Approximate Minimum

Diameter Area Mass Breaking Force
mm mm2 kg/100m kN
16 149.1 126 272
19 210.2 182 382
22 281.7 246 509
25.4 370.4 326 675
26 393.5 342 705
28 456.3 394 815 Is a rotation resistant, flexible
30 523.9 458 934 hoist rope with a compacted steel
32 596.0 521 1060 core.
Is fully lubricated.
Has best-in-class breaking loads.
Has a core of unique design and
very high density, providing
excellent resistance to external
wear and crushing on drums.
Langs Lay only.
Hoist rope for mobile cranes, electrical hoists and other applications where rotation
resistant ropes are required. Especially suitable for multiple layer spooling.
Diameter Area Mass
Grade 1770 Grade 1960 Grade 2160
mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN
16 145.6 126.7 209.4 230.6 249.1
17 163.3 142.1 235.9 257.9 280.6
18 183.7 159.8 266.9 293.9 317.5
19 204.0 177.5 297.1 329.0 352.8
Is a rotation resistant, flexible
20 227.5 197.9 329.3 362.2 391.7
hoist rope made out of compacted
21 249.0 216.6 362.3 396.1 430.9
outer strands and a compacted
22 273.9 238.3 398.5 441.4 472.0 steel core.
23 299.6 260.6 431.5 471.8 513.2
24 326.8 284.3 474.3 524.3 564.1 Is fully lubricated.
25 348.8 303.5 512.8 567.9 609.4 Has an extremely high breaking
26 377.9 328.8 555.0 614.9 657.4 load and a very good resistance
27 410.5 357.1 598.3 654.2 711.7 against drum crushing.
28 442.5 385.0 643.7 712.9 765.6 Has a core of special design
29 473.4 411.8 690.2 754.6 821.0 avoiding crossovers between the
30 505.4 439.7 738.1 817.4 877.9 strands of the core which reduces
32 579.4 504.0 843.4 930.0 1002.8 the danger of internal rope
34 652.0 567.3 950.8 1045.0 1130.9 destruction.
36 735.6 640.0 1070.0 1185.0 1262.3 Regular Lay or Langs Lay.
38 815.3 709.3 1191.0 1319.0 1412.2
40 909.9 791.6 1360.0 1462.0 1560.4
42 1000.8 870.7 1455.0 1611.2 1667.4
Other diameters are available on request
43
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
Hoist rope for electrical hoists and lifting devices with multiple part reeving, twin hoist
systems with left and right hand ropes, where rotation resistant ropes are not required.
Nominal Metallic Approximate Minimum Breaking Force

Diameter Area Mass Grade 1770 Grade 1960 Grade 2160
4 8.0 6.8 11.7 13.0 14.3
4.5 10.0 8.6 15.1 16.7 18.4
5 12.3 10.6 19.0 21.1 23.2
5.5 14.8 12.8 23.6 26.1 28.8
6 18.2 15.7 28.5 31.5 34.7
6.5 22.4 19.2 34.2 37.9 41.8
7 24.9 21.4 38.5 42.6 47.0
7.5 28.5 24.5 44.8 49.6 54.6 Is an 8 strand rope in parallel lay
construction made out of
8 33.0 28.4 49.6 55.0 60.6
conventional strands.
8.5 37.1 31.9 53.0 58.7 64.6
10 50.2 43.2 75.8 84.0 92.5 Is very flexible.
11 60.7 52.2 92.9 102.9 113.3
12 72.3 62.2 111.3 123.2 135.8 Has a high breaking load.
13 84.8 72.9 129.4 143.3 157.9 Alphalift should NOT be used with
14 98.4 84.6 150.3 166.4 183.4 a swivel.
15 112.9 97.1 175.7 194.6 214.5
Regular Lay only.
16 128.5 110.5 196.1 217.1 239.3
Hoist rope for electrical hoists and lifting devices with multiple part reeving and twin hoist
systems with left and right hand ropes, where rotation resistant ropes are not required.

8 36.9 31.4 56.1 62.1 68.4
9 47.3 40.2 71.8 79.5 87.6
10 57.3 48.7 87.9 97.3 107.2
11 68.6 58.3 106.9 118.4 130.5
12 83.7 71.2 126.5 140.1 154.4
13 97.4 82.8 148.7 164.6 181.4
14 113.2 96.2 172.3 190.8 210.3
15 130.0 110.5 197.9 219.1 241.5 Is a 10 strand rope in parallel lay
construction made out of
16 147.7 125.6 226.3 250.6 276.2
compacted strands.
17 167.7 142.5 253.4 280.5 309.2
19 206.9 175.8 318.5 352.7 388.6 Is very flexible.
20 233.8 198.7 351.6 389.4 429.1
21 254.3 216.2 390.1 432.0 476.1 Has an extremely high breaking
load.
22 275.9 234.5 426.3 472.0 520.2
23 302.9 257.5 465.2 515.2 567.7 Betalift should NOT be used with
24 333.5 283.5 507.3 561.8 619.1 a swivel.
25 362.3 307.9 549.1 608.0 670.1 Betalift is NOT suitable for use on
overhead travelling cranes.
44
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
Pendant rope for tower cranes, mobile cranes, grabs, suspended structures etc, when
high breaking load is required.

16 147.2 123.7 218.4 241.9 266.5
17 166.1 139.6 248.1 274.8 302.8
18 185.3 155.7 278.5 308.4 339.8
19 207.5 174.3 307.3 340.3 375.0
20 229.6 192.9 342.3 379.0 417.7
21 251.1 211.0 375.0 415.2 457.6
22 278.4 233.9 414.4 458.9 505.7
23 304.2 255.5 453.0 501.7 552.8 Is an 8 strand rope in parallel lay
construction made out of compacted
24 330.5 277.6 490.2 542.8 598.2
strands.
25 357.3 300.1 532.7 589.9 650.1
27 424.1 356.2 624.8 691.8 762.4 Is very flexible.
28 452.1 379.8 670.4 742.4 818.1
29 486.5 408.6 721.5 799.0 880.5 Has an extremely high breaking load.
30 519.5 436.4 772.4 855.3 942.6 Turbolift should NOT be used with a
31 560.0 470.4 822.9 911.3 1004.3 swivel.
32 593.4 498.4 874.4 968.2 1067.0
Regular Lay or Langs Lay.
33 634.1 532.6 930.3 1030.2 1135.3
34 666.8 560.1 988.9 1095.0 1206.8
36 747.4 627.8 1101.7 1220.0 1344.5
38 836.5 702.7 1230.3 1362.4 1501.4
Boom hoist rope for mobile cranes and grabs, hoist rope for container cranes,
floating cranes etc. In multiple part reeving for smaller lifting height.
10 53.0 46.1 88.7 114.5
11 63.8 55.5 107.5 137.8
12 75.7 65.8 127.4 163.5
Is an 8 strand rope made out of
13 89.5 77.8 151.3 193.3
compacted outer strands.
14 103.1 89.7 174.8 222.7
15 119.0 103.5 202.7 257.0 Is fully lubricated.
16 135.5 117.9 229.4 292.7
18 168.9 146.9 288.2 364.8 Has a plastic layer between the
19 189.0 164.4 323.5 408.2 steel core and the outer strands
20 210.7 183.3 355.5 455.1 giving the rope a high structural
stability. The plastic layer also
22 251.9 219.1 433.7 544.1
assists in avoiding internal rope
24 299.5 260.6 514.3 646.9
destruction and protecting the
26 352.4 306.6 607.8 761.2
core against corrosive
28 405.2 352.5 697.3 875.2
environments.
32 533.7 464.3 911.0 1152.8
36 670.5 583.4 1129.2 1448.3 Has a very high breaking load
38 753.1 655.2 1262.6 1626.7 and good resistance against drum
40 837.9 729.0 1395.5 1809.9 crushing.
42 914.7 795.8 1543.8 1975.8
Turboplast should NOT be used
44 1010.7 879.3 1687.4 2183.1
with a swivel.
48 1201.1 1044.9 2018.0 2594.4
45
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
Hoist rope for container cranes, floating cranes, harbour cranes, portal cranes etc.
In multiple reeving for smaller lifting heights. Holding rope and closing rope for grabs.
8 30.6 27.3 47.2 52.3
9 38.8 34.5 60.0 66.4
10 48.8 43.4 74.0 82.0
11 59.6 53.0 88.5 98.0
12 68.3 60.8 106.6 118.0
13 81.7 72.7 125.5 138.9
14 95.1 84.6 144.6 160.1
16 125.4 111.6 189.0 209.3 Is an 8 strand rope made out of
18 157.7 140.4 239.8 265.5 conventional strands.
19 178.6 159.0 264.5 292.9
20 198.2 176.4 295.3 327.0
22 245.4 218.4 356.2 394.5 Has a plastic layer between the
24 280.0 249.2 423.4 468.9 steel core and the outer strands
26 326.8 290.8 504.7 558.8 giving the rope a high structural
28 375.2 333.9 576.2 638.0 stability. The plastic layer also
30 435.8 387.9 666.3 737.8 assists in avoiding internal rope
destruction and protecting the
32 495.4 440.9 756.7 837.9
core against corrosive
34 556.8 495.6 853.7 945.3
environments.
36 626.5 557.6 952.4 1054.7
38 705.1 627.5 1071.1 1186.0 Stratoplast should NOT be used
40 770.1 685.3 1181.1 1307.9 with a swivel.
42 859.3 764.8 1308.5 1448.9 Regular Lay or Langs Lay.
44 942.5 838.8 1430.1 1583.7
Hoist rope for electrical hoists and lifting devices with multiple part reeving, where a
rotation resistant rope is not needed due to great lifting heights, low number of falls or
non guided loads. High breaking load.

6 19.0 16.1 29.5 32.7 35.2
7 26.3 22.4 41.0 45.4 48.9
8 34.8 29.6 54.2 60.0 64.6
9 44.1 37.4 68.6 76.0 81.8
10 54.2 46.1 84.5 93.5 100.7
11 65.7 55.9 102.4 113.4 122.1
12 79.6 67.6 123.9 137.2 147.8
13 92.6 78.7 144.2 159.7 172.0 Is an 8 strand rope in parallel lay
construction made out of compacted
14 107.1 91.1 166.9 184.8 199.0
outer strands.
15 123.1 104.6 191.7 212.3 228.6
17 158.5 134.7 246.8 273.3 294.4 Has a plastic layer between the steel
18 176.4 150.0 274.8 304.3 327.7 core and the outer strands.
19 198.3 168.6 308.9 342.0 368.4
Has a very high breaking load.
20 220.1 187.1 342.9 379.7 408.9
21 240.4 204.3 374.5 414.7 446.6 Paraplast should NOT be used with a
22 264.8 225.1 412.5 456.8 491.9 swivel.
23 299.8 254.8 467.0 517.1 556.9 Regular Lay or Langs Lay.
24 325.7 276.9 507.3 561.8 605.0
25 353.1 300.1 550.0 609.0 655.9
26 383.9 326.3 598.0 662.2 713.1 Other diameters are available on request
46
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
Hoist rope for deck cranes, offshore cranes and other applications in the marine
environment, where rotation resistant ropes are required.
12 81.8 72.0 118.2 130.8
13 97.2 85.6 139.0 152.7
14 111.7 98.3 161.7 179.1
15 127.6 112.3 184.5 204.0
16 147.0 129.4 209.4 230.6
18 186.7 164.3 266.9 293.9
19 207.2 182.4 297.1 329.0 Is a rotation resistant hoist rope
20 227.7 200.4 329.3 362.2 made out of compacted strands.
22 276.2 243.0 398.5 441.4 Is fully lubricated.
24 326.3 287.2 474.3 524.3
Has a plastic layer between the
25 358.3 315.3 512.8 567.9
steel core and the outer strands
26 389.2 342.5 555.0 614.9
giving the rope a high structural
28 446.6 393.0 643.7 712.9 stability. The plastic layer also
30 514.4 452.7 738.1 817.4 assists in avoiding internal rope
32 584.9 514.7 843.4 930.0 destruction and protecting the
34 656.9 578.1 950.8 1045.0 core against corrosive
36 738.6 650.0 1070.0 1185.0 environments.
38 826.4 727.3 1191.0 1319.0
Has a high breaking load and
40 926.6 815.4 1360.0 1462.0
good resistance against drum
42 1013.4 891.8 1455.0 1611.2 crushing.
Boom hoist rope for mobile cranes and grabs, hoist rope for container cranes, floating
cranes, portal cranes etc. In multiple part reeving for smaller lifting heights.

16 137.0 117.8 205.7 226.5 248.1
17 156.6 134.7 236.2 260.0 284.8
18 176.0 151.4 266.0 292.8 320.8
19 194.0 166.8 291.0 320.4 351.0
20 215.4 185.3 326.5 359.4 393.8
21 237.7 204.4 360.4 396.8 434.7
22 260.0 223.6 392.6 432.2 473.5
23 286.4 246.3 429.7 473.0 518.2 Is a 10 strand rope made out of
24 312.2 268.5 470.0 517.4 566.9 compacted outer strands.
26 363.7 312.8 549.5 604.9 662.7 Has a plastic layer between the
27 390.7 336.0 587.6 646.8 708.6 steel core and the outer strands
28 420.3 361.4 654.0 720.0 822.0 giving the rope a high structural
29 445.8 383.4 670.2 737.8 808.3 stability. The plastic layer also
30 480.5 413.2 723.8 796.8 872.9 assists in avoiding internal rope
31 509.3 438.0 769.1 846.7 927.5 destruction and protecting the
32 560.3 481.8 841.0 925.9 1014.3 core against corrosive
33 585.1 503.2 879.7 968.4 1060.9 environments.
34 630.2 542.0 950.2 1046.0 1145.9 Has a very high breaking load
36 704.1 605.5 1065.1 1172.5 1284.5 and good resistance against drum
38 774.3 665.9 1165.1 1282.5 1405.0 crushing.
40 861.9 741.2 1298.3 1429.3 1565.8 Superplast 8 should NOT be used
42 949.8 816.8 1436.7 1581.5 1732.6 with a swivel.
44 1038.3 892.9 1567.8 1725.8 1890.7
47
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
CASAR SPECIAL MINING WIRE ROPES

Hoisting ropes in underground mining operations play a diameter. The increased capacity of the shaft will lead to
vital role in the production cycle, not only to hoist increased profitability of the mine.
minerals but also to transport men and materials safely
and efficiently. Winding ropes are therefore clearly How to select the most suitable design
safety critical throughout their operating life. This catalogue sets out a range of different mine
hoisting applications that Casar ropes can be used for
Casar specialises in this technology and is a world
and identifies which rope construction should be used in
leader in the manufacture of sophisticated wire rope
particular circumstances.
products for a broad range of lifting applications. In
Australia Casar has established a strong position in the In order to assist you in rope selection, tables that
mining industry. follow give factors that can be used to calculate for
example the rope minimum breaking loads (MBL) and
Quality and high tech design
masses for a given rope diameter. This allows for
Every effort is made to maintain and improve the automated rope diameter selection given basic winding
quality of Casar wire rope products for the mining system parameters. The detailed specifications of
industry. Careful attention to quality and engineering various Casar mining ropes are given in 1mm diameter
design details ensures that a Casar rope will routinely increments, but with rope factors it is also possible to
outperform conventional six strand and rotation calculate the rope specifications for intermediate
resistant ropes. Special features of Casar mining ropes diameters, e.g. 42.5mm or 53.5mm, which Casar can
include galvanising, compacted strands and a plastic manufacture on request.
layer between steel core and the outer strands. The
internal plastic layer stabilises the construction and Tailor made rope construction
experience has shown that Casar winding ropes are less Within a particular rope construction family Casar are
prone to torsional distortions like waviness and slack able to deliver a wide range of fill factors and strength
outer strands. to mass ratios. An example of this is the comparison
between Starplast M (with no compacted strands) and
Reliability and value for money Starplast VM (with fully compacted strands). By varying
Casar Special Mining Ropes offer benefits such as the degree of strand compaction, Casar can
increased reliability of the hoisting system and reduced manufacture ropes with every metallic cross sectional
downtime due to less servicing and fewer rope changes. area, any breaking strength or any specific weight
The higher breaking strengths of Casar Special Mining between the figures of Starplast M and Starplast VM.
Ropes allow for an increase of payload for the same We are therefore able to adapt the rope specifications to
the exact requirements of your shaft. This is the core
competence of Casar.
Casar Mining Rope Factors
Fill Spin Weight Wir Dia. Cross MBL MBL Mass
Factor Factor Factor Factor Section Factor Factor Factor
Factor
FF SF WF DF CF BLF 1770 BLF 1960 MF
[-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-]
0.6590 0.68459 0.8700 0.0630 0.5176 0.7749 0.8581 0.00450
0.6517 0.8372 0.8700 0.0748 0.5119 0.7585 0.8399 0.00445
0.6571 0.8415 0.8900 0.0546 0.5161 0.7441 0.8239 0.00459
0.6746 0.8200 0.9100 0.0545 0.5298 0.7690 0.8515 0.00482
0.67238 0.7938 0.8800 0.0500 0.5685 0.7987 0.8845 0.00500
Caculating the MBL in kN for a given rope diameter and a given tensile strength
MBL 1770 [kN] = 1.77 FF SF II (d[mm])2 / 4 or MBL 1770 [kN] = BLF 1770 (d[mm])2
MBL 1960 [kN] = 1.96 FF SF II (d[mm])2 / 4 or MBL 1960 [kN] = BLF 1960 (d[mm])2
Caculating a minimum rope diameter in mm for a given MBL and a given tensile strength
dmin 1770 [mm] = 4 MBL 1770 [kN] / (FF SF II 1.77) or
dmin 1770 [mm] = MBL 1770 [kN] / BLF 1770
dmin 1960 [mm] = 4 MBL 1960 [kN] / (FF SF II 1.96) or
dmin 1960 [mm] = MBL 1960 [kN] / BLF 1960
Caculating the outer wire diameter of the rope for a given rope diameter
= DF d
Caculating the rope mass for a given rope diameter

Rope mass [kg/m] = MF d2
48
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
TYPICAL MINE WINDERS
Ground mounted Ground mounted Tower mounted Tower mounted

Koepe friction Koepe friction winder Koepe friction winder Koepe friction winder
winder single rope multi-rope single-rope no multi-rope no
deflection sheave deflection sheaves
Koepe friction winders are either installed in a winders, but for depths exceeding 900 m it is critical
ground or tower mounted configuration. The number that non-spin or rotation resistance constructions are
of head and tail rope pairs can vary between 1 and 10 used. For free looping tail ropes, non-spin ropes with
depending on the hoisting duty of the winder. In general swivels under both conveyances are recommended.
the combined unit mass of the head and tail ropes are For multi-rope winders, rope load balancing and equal
equal to ensure balanced winding. Single layer rope driving sheave/drum circumferences are critical to
constructions are widely used for shallower shaft Koepe ensure good rope life.
Tower mounted Koepe Tower mounted Double drum Blair mult-rope

friction winder single- Koepe friction winder winder (BMR) winder
rope with deflection multi-rope with
sheave deflection sheaves
Double drum and BMR winders are almost always resistance are preferred for these applications as the
ground mounted. For these winders, single layer rope ropes normally deteriorate first at the _ turn and layer
constructions can be used even in very deep shafts in crossovers on parrellel grooved drums. In cases where
even in excess of 3000 m. However, in such cases the the ropes are free to rotate during the winding cycle
lay length changes from the manufactured state would (e.g. kibble winders) or where the shaft uses rope
be significant. Rope load balancing and accurate drum guides, non-spin or rotation resistant constructions
spooling between rope pairs are critical on BMR are used.
winders. Ropes which offer high drum crushing
49
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
MINING WIRE ROPES
Is an 8 strand rope made out of compacted outer strands.

Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands giving the rope
a high structural stability. The plastic layer also assists in avoiding internal rope
destruction and protecting the core against corrosive environments.
Has a very high breaking load and good resistance against drum crushing.
Turboplast should NOT be used with a swivel.

Nominal Diameter Metallic Area Approximate Mass Grade 1770 Grade 1960
32 530.0 461 793.5 878.7
33 563.7 490 843.9 934.5
34 598.3 521 895.8 992.0
36 670.8 584 1004.3 1112.1
38 747.4 650 1119.0 1239.1
40 828.1 720 1239.9 1373.0
42 913.0 794 1367.0 1513.7
44 1002.1 872 1500.3 1661.3
46 1095.2 953 1639.8 1815.8
48 1192.5 1038 1785.5 1977.1
50 1294.0 1126 1937.3 2145.3
52 1399.6 1218 2095.4 2320.4
54 1509.3 1313 2259.7 2502.3
56 1623.2 1412 2430.2 2691.1
58 1741.2 1515 2606.9 2886.7
Is an 8-strand rope made out of compacted outer strands.

Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands, giving the rope
a high structural stability, avoiding internal rope destruction and protecting the
core against corrosive environments.
Has a very high breaking load and a good resistance against drum crushing.
Duroplast should NOT be used with a swivel.

28 401.3 349 594.7 658.5
30 460.7 401 682.6 755.9
32 524.1 456 776.7 860.1
34 591.7 515 876.8 970.9
36 663.4 577 983.0 1088.5
38 739.1 643 1095.3 1212.8
40 819.0 712 1213.6 1343.9
42 902.9 786 1338.0 1481.6
44 990.9 862 1468.4 1626.1
46 1083.1 942 1605.0 1777.3
48 1179.3 1026 1747.6 1935.2
50 1279.6 1113 1896.2 2099.8
50
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
MINING WIRE ROPES
Is a rotation resistant hoist rope made out of compacted outer strands.

a high structural stability, avoiding internal rope destruction and protecting the core
against corrosive environments.
Has a high breaking load and good resistance against drum crushing.

30 464.5 413 669.7 741.5
32 528.5 470 761.9 843.7
34 596.6 531 860.1 952.5
36 668.9 595 964.3 1067.8
38 745.3 663 1074.4 1189.8
40 825.8 735 1190.5 1318.3
42 910.4 810 1312.5 1453.4
44 999.2 889 1440.5 1595.1
46 1092.1 972 1574.4 1743.5
48 1189.1 1058 1714.3 1898.4
50 1290.3 1148 1860.2 2059.8
52 1395.6 1242 2012.0 2227.9
54 1505.0 1339 2169.7 2402.6
Is a rotation resistant hoist rope made out of compacted strands.


30 476.8 434 692.1 766.4
32 542.5 494 787.5 872.0
34 612.5 557 889.0 984.4
36 686.7 625 996.6 1103.6
38 765.1 696 1110.4 1229.6
40 847.7 771 1230.4 1362.5
42 934.6 851 1356.5 1502.1
44 1025.8 933 1488.8 1648.6
46 1121.1 1020 1627.2 1801.9
48 1220.7 1111 1771.8 1962.0
50 1324.6 1205 1922.5 2128.9
52 1432.7 1304 2079.4 2302.6
54 1545.0 1406 2242.4 2483.1
51
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
MINING WIRE ROPES
Is a rotation resistant hoist rope made out of compacted strands.

Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands giving the rope
a high structural stability. The plastic layer also assists in avoiding internal rope
destruction and protecting the core against corrosive environments.

20 227.4 200 319.5 353.8
22 275.1 242 386.6 428.1
24 327.4 288 460.1 509.4
25 355.3 313 499.2 552.8
26 384.3 338 539.9 597.9
28 445.7 392 626.2 693.4
30 511.6 450 718.8 796.0
32 582.1 512 817.9 905.7
34 657.2 578 923.3 1022.4
36 736.7 648 1035.1 1146.3
38 820.9 722 1153.3 1277.2
40 909.6 800 1277.9 1415.1
42 1002.8 882 1408.9 1560.2
Is a 12 strand rope made out of compacted strands.

Langs Lay only.

30 465.1 414 683.3 756.6
32 529.2 471 777.4 860.9
34 597.4 532 877.7 971.9
36 669.8 596 983.9 1089.6
38 746.3 664 1096.3 1214.0
40 826.9 736 1214.8 1345.1
42 921.1 811 1371.0 1500.9
44 1000.5 891 1469.8 1627.6
46 1093.5 973 1606.5 1779.0
48 1190.7 1060 1749.2 1937.0
50 1292.0 1150 1898.0 2101.8
52 1397.4 1244 2052.9 2273.3
54 1507.0 1341 2213.9 2451.5
52
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
MINING WIRE ROPES
Full Locked Coil Winding Ropes Half Locked Coil Guide Ropes
Nominal Approximate Nominal Nominal Approximate Nominal
Diameter Mass Breaking Diameter Mass Breaking
Load Load
mm kgs/m kgs mm kgs/m kgs
32 5.78 88,800 29 4.63 42,900
33 6.14 94,400 32 5.63 52,200
35 6.91 106,000 35 6.74 62,500
37 7.72 119,000 38 7.94 73,900
38 8.14 125,000 41 9.25 85,700
40 9.02 139,000 45 11.1 103,000
41 9.48 146,000 48 12.7 117,000
43 10.4 160,000 51 14.3 133,000
44 10.9 168,000
46 11.9 184,000 Nominal Breaking Load x 1.082 = Aggregate Breaking Load
48 13 200,000 These ropes conform to N.C.B. Spec 388
49 13.5 208,000
51 14.7 226,000
53 15.8 244,000
54 16.4 253,000
56 17.7 272,000
57 18.3 282,000
59 19.6 298,000
61 21 319,000
62 21.7 329,000
64 23.1 351,000
Full Locked Coil Half Locked Coil
Up to 57mm Nominal B.L. x 1.197 = Aggregate B.L.
Over 57mm Nominal B.L. x 1.212 = Aggregate B.L.
These ropes conform to N.C.B. Spec. 186
Triangular Strand
6 x 8 to 17 Outer Wires - Fibre Core
6 x 19 (8/10/)
6 x 22 (9/12/)
6 x 23 (10/12/)
6 x 25 (12/12/)
6 x 27 or 28 (14 OR 15/)
Nominal Approximate Mass Minimum

Diameter Breaking Force 6 x 12/12/3TS
6 x 19 to 6 x 25 6 x 27 to 6 x 28 Grade 1770
mm kg/100m kg/100m kN
16 105 164
18 132 206
20 164 255
22 200 312
24 237 369
26 276 432
28 320 500 6 x 10/12/3TS
32 420 655
36 530 825
40 653 637 1020
44 800 782 1250
48 945 923 1475
52 1080 1730
56 1250 2000
60 1440 2300
6 x 15/12/9TS
53
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
AMERICAN WIRE ROPES

Hoist and Luffing Ropes for Lattice Boom Cranes (American Manufacture)
Alternate Lay for Luffing Ropes Right Hand Ordinary Lay for Hoist Ropes
6 x 25 FW or 6 x 31 WS IWRC
Nominal Diameter Approximate Mass Nominal Strength in kN
Inches mm kg/100m Extra Extra Improved Extra Improved
Plough Steel Plough Steel
5/8 15.9 107 202 183
3/4 19.1 155 288 262
7/8 22.2 211 390 354
1 25.4 275 506 460
1 1/8 28.6 348 636 578
1 1/4 31.8 430 782 711
Nominal Strength is an American term.

Minimum Breaking Force is 2 1/2 % lower than the Nominal Strength.
OIL INDUSTRY WIRE ROPES

Drilling Lines 6 x 19 SEALE
Right Hand Ordinary Lay, Ungalvanised

IWRC to API Spec 9A
Nominal Diameter Approximate Mass
IPS Grade EIPS Grade
Inches mm kg/100m lb/ft kN 1000 lb kN 1000 lb
7/8 22 211 1.42 308 69.2 354 76.6
1 26 275 1.85 399 89.8 460 103.4
1 1/8 29 348 2.34 503 113 578 130
1 1/4 32 430 2.89 617 138.8 711 159.8
1 3/8 35 521 3.5 743 167 854 192
1 1/2 38 619 4.16 880 197.8 1014 228
1 5/8 42 726 4.88 1023 230 1174 264
1 3/4 45 844 5.67 1183 266 1361 306
54
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
ONESTEEL FISHING WIRE ROPES
The OneSteel range of fishing ropes are characterised by the very base lubricant with extreme pressure additives and corrosion
high levels of galvanising achieved in the high strength 1770 MPa inhibitors. In accord with occupational health and environmental
grade wire. Galvanising levels at 25% above Class A (now Class principles the use of bitumastic based lubricants has been
W10Z to AS/NZS 4534) are targeted in manufacture. discontinued.
OneSteel refer to these as marine grade galvanised wire products. Note:
This along with the special treatment that ropes receive in Information on other rope sizes, constructions and compak
manufacture to prevent nicking and marking the zinc ensures fishing ropes are available on request.
a product that is highly resistant to corrosion. The product is
popular for warps and bridles in trawling. There is a limit to the wire size available with the marine grade
levels of galvanising in high strength 1770 MPa grade. In larger
Rope cores are lubricated laid polypropylene for best results. sizes these may need to be of 1570 grade tensile wire to obtain
Also the rope strands are lubricated in manufacture using a wax the same high levels of galvanising.
Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Fibrillated Poly Core RHOL Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Wire Rope Core RHOL
Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking
Diameter Mass Load 1770 Diameter Mass Load 1770
mm kgs/100m kN mm kgs/100m kN
12 54.5 84.3 20 163.8 252.0
14 70.7 113.7 22 198.3 305.0
16 92.9 149.1 24 240.9 363.0
18 119.5 189.0 1770 Grade Wire is standard, 1570 may be available upon request.
20 144.8 234.5
22 173.2 283.0
KISWIRE FISHING WIRE ROPES

Kiswire fishing ropes are available in both A & B galvanising and These test indicate that ALUMAR technology improves corrosion
ALUMAR. ALUMAR fishing ropes have 5% aluminium in the zinc resistance by approximately 3 times. ALUMAR fishing ropes are the
galvanising mix with the inclusion of the aluminium ensuring end product of many years of testing in regard to the correct level
superior resistance to corrosion and a longer working life. of aluminium to be included in the zinc mix. The level of 5%
provides the optimum balance of corrosion resistance, durability
ALUMAR ropes have performed extremely well in laboratory
and working life.
Salt Spray (NaCI) and SO2 Atmosphere humidity tests.
Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Poly Core RHOL Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Wire Rope Core RHOL
Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking
Diameter Mass Load 1770 Diameter Mass Load 1770
mm kgs/100m kN mm kgs/100m kN
8 24.4 37.4 10 41.8 63.1
9 30.8 47.3 11 50.6 76.3
10 38.0 58.4 12 60.2 90.8
11 46.0 70.7 14 82.0 124.0
12 54.7 84.1 16 107.0 161.0
14 74.5 114.0 18 135.0 204.0
16 97.3 149.0 20 167.0 252.0
18 123.0 189.0 1770 Grade Wire is standard, 1570 may be available upon request.
20 152.0 234.0 AB Galvanised fishing ropes also available upon requests.
55
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
STAINLESS STEEL WIRE ROPE

There are three common constructions of stainless steel wire rope
used in fixed rigging applications. Nobles stock stainless steel wire
rope mainly in 316 grade but some 304 grade product is
available.
7 x 19
7 x 19 is the most common and versatile construction of stainless
steel wire rope. It consists of 7 strands each with 19 wires and
is the most flexible and the easiest construction to work with
particularly where the rope needs to turn corners, change
directions or where ferrule secured thimble eyes and wire rope
grips are used. 7 x 19 can be used in either fixed rigging or for
limited working rope applications such as on a boat winch.
7x7
7 x 7 consists of 7 strands each with 7 wires and is not as flexible
as 7 x 19. 7 x 7 is an excellent choice for fixed rigging applications
such as balustrading and safety barrier rails. Although 7 x 7 is
stiffer than 7 x 19 it is still capable of limited angles and can be
used with thimble eyes or swage fittings. 7 x 7 has very limited
applications as a running or working rope.
1 x 19
1 x 19 consists of a single strand with 19 wires. 1 x 19 is very stiff
and is suitable for fixed "straight line" rigging only such as mast
stays, guy ropes and structural applications. It cannot be used
with thimble eyes and is best utilised and looks very effective with
machine swaged end fittings.
56
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
STAINLESS STEEL WIRE ROPE
Approximate Minimum
Nominal Diameter
Stock Code Grade & Construction Mass Breaking Load
mm
kg/100m kg
AS0201196 2 2.1 340
AS0301196 3 4.6 760
AS0401196 4 8.2 1,340
AS0501196 5 12.8 2,000
AS0601196 6 18.4 2,880
AS0801196 316 Grade 1x19 8 32.0 4,810
AS1001196 316 Grade 1x19 10 51.0 8,400
AS1101196 11 73.4 12,092
AS1301196 13 86.2 13,991
AS1401196 14 100.0 16,189
AS1601196 16 131.0 20,386
AS0207076 2 1.7 232
AS0307076 3 3.7 520
AS0407076 4 6.7 1,000
AS0507076 5 10.3 1,620
AS0607076 6 14.9 2,060
AS0807076 316 Grade 7x7 8 26.2 3,670
AS1007076 10 41.0 5,750
AS1107076 11 59.0 8,594
AS1307076 13 80.4 11,492
AS1407076 14 105.0 14,690
AS1607076 16 133.0 18,587
AS0207194 2 1.7 295
AS0307194 3 3.7 540
AS0407194 4 6.7 1,089
AS0507194 5 10.3 1,820
AS0607194 6 14.9 2,480
AS0807194 304 Grade 7x19 8 25.8 4,082
AS1007194 10 40.0 5,980
AS1107194 11 69.3 12,591
AS1307194 13 80.4 16,089
AS1407194 14 105.0 20,386
AS1607194 16 133.0 24,883
AS0207196 2 1.7 212
AS0307196 3 3.7 780
AS0407196 4 6.7 910
AS0507196 5 10.3 1,490
AS0607196 6 14.9 1,910
AS0807196 316 Grade 7x19 8 25.8 3,450
AS1007196 10 40.0 5,310
AS1107196 11 69.3 10,093
AS1307196 13 80.4 11,692
AS1407196 14 105.0 14,461
AS1607196 16 133.0 18,088
316 Grade ropes are preferred but 304 Grade is also usually available. Please nominate grade required at time of order.
White is the standard colour for PVC covered ropes but other colours may be available.
Reels are available in 305m, 500m or 1000m lengths.
Other constructions and sizes available on request.
57
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
GALVANISED STRAND
Galvanised Strand is commonly used for guys on communication
towers, broadcasting towers, power poles and as load carrying
members in building structures.
1 x 37 Galvanised Strand
Characteristics
Galvanised Strand is less flexible than wire rope, it is stronger
and has a higher modulus of elasticity. It is furnished with Class A
galvanised finish.
Galvanised Strand for

General Purpose Applications
1x7 1 x 19
Nominal Construction Minimum Breaking Force, kN Nominal Nominal

Diameter (abbreviated 380 820 1320 Mass Area
mm form) Grade Grade Grade kg/100m mm2
4.2 1x3 11.7 7.6 9.43
5.7 1x3 21.4 13.4 17.17
2.5 1x7 1.4 3 3.2 3.97
3 1x7 2 4.3 4.4 5.56
3.5 1x7 2.8 6.2 9.9 6.3 7.92
4 1x7 3.5 7.6 12.2 8.7 10.8
5 1x7 5.4 11.7 18.8 12.8 15.9
6 1x7 7.9 17 27.4 17.7 26.6
7 1x7 10.7 23.1 37.2 25.5 31.7
8 1x7 14.6 30.2 48.6 32.3 40.1
9 1x7 17.8 38.4 61.8 39.8 49.5
10 1x7 21.9 47.3 76.1 51.2 63.6
11 1x7 26.6 57.4 92.4 60.6 75.3
12 1x7 31.6 68.2 109 75.4 88
10 1 x 19 46 74 50.4 60.3
12 1 x 19 63.2 101 72.6 87.2
14 1 x 19 86 137 98.8 119
16 1 x 19 182 129 144
58
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
GALVANISED STRAND
TO AS 2841
Galvanised Strand for Guying Purposes
1 x 19 1 x 37 1 x 61
Nominal Construction* Minimum Breaking Nominal Nominal Young

diameter (abbreviated form) Force Grade 1570 Mass Area Modulus**
mm kN kg/100m mm2 GPa
10 1 x 19 88 50.4 60.3 166
12 1 x 19 126 72.6 87.2 166
13 1 x 19 144 82.7 98.4 166
14 1 x 19 172 98.8 119 166
16 1 x 19 210 129 145 166
18 1 x 19 265 163 183 166
20 1 x 19 368 212 254 166
22 1 x 19 442 255 305 166
24 1 x 19 518 299 357 166
26 1 x 37 580 348 400 166
28 1 x 37 713 427 491 166
32 1 x 37 897 538 618 166
36 1 x 61 1150 687 789 166
40 1 x 61 1420 848 975 166
44 1 x 61 1800 1080 1240 166
48 1 x 91 2050 1260 1450 166
52 1 x 91 2400 1480 1700 166
54 1 x 91 2610 1610 1850 166
58 1 x 127 2850 1760 2020 158
64 1 x 127 3640 2250 2580 158
70 1 x 169 4450 2750 3150 158
76 1 x 169 4850 2990 3430 158
82 1 x 217 5560 3520 4050 158
86 1 x 217 6040 3830 4400 158
90 1 x 271 6940 4400 5050 158
95 1 x 271 7550 4790 5500 158
102 1 x 271 8850 5610 6440 158
* For strand 70mm diameter and greater, the number of wires may vary from that shown in the table provided that the other physical properties are in
accordance with those shown in the table.
** The values shown are indicative of values obtained after removal of constructional stretch. If a precise value is required, it should be determined by experiment.
59
Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope
& Strand
WIRE ROPE LUBRICANTS
Nobles Wire Rope Lubricant

Suitable For:
Running and standing wire ropes in Mining, Marine, Oil & Gas,
Construction and Industrial environments
Benefits:
An exceptional wire rope lubricant formulated with anti-drip wax
polymers to reduce drip and fling off.
Fortified with penetrating anti-rust and lubricating additives to provide
complete internal and external protection.
Easy to apply by brush, drip or spray can.
Available in 400g spray can, 4L and 20L pails, or economical 205L drums.
Stock Codes:
DRTSWR004N - 400g Spray Can
DRTSWR040N - 4L Pail
DRTSWR020N - 20L Pail
DRTSWR205N - 205L Drum
Nobles HD Wire Rope Grease

Suitable For:
Suspension ropes, running and standing ropes in extreme environments,
and also suitable for sheaves.
Benefits:
Contains no bitumen or wax
Exceptional corrosion resistance
Formulated with extreme anti-wear and pressure additives, combined
with unique penetrating oils to retard internal fretting
Available in 20kg pails or 180kg drums (supplied in 205L drum)
Stock Codes:
DRTHDNB020N - 20kg Pail
DRTHDNB205N - 205L Drum
Nobles EF Wire Rope Lubricant

Suitable For:
All wire ropes, sheaves and drums where environmentally friendly lubricants
are required. Available in 220 Grade for cool conditions or smaller diameter
ropes, and 460 Grade for hot conditions or large diameter ropes.
Benefits:
Contains all the performance of Nobles standard Wire Rope Lubricant,
while minimising the impact on the environment.
Specially formulated from ultra pure mineral oils of pristine quality
High resistance to oxidation
Can be used in food processing environments
Available in 20L pails or 205L drums
Stock Codes:
DRTEF220020N - 20L Pail 220 Grade
DRTEF220205N - 205L Drum 220 Grade
DRTEF460020N - 20L Pail 460 Grade
DRTEF460205N - 205L Drum 460 Grade
60
Wire Rope & Strand
Wire Rope
& Strand
WIRE ROPE LUBRICANTS
Lanotec
Where environmental considerations are paramount Nobles
recommends the use of Lanotec sealants and lubricants. Nobles
are a leading stockist and distributor of Lanotec products and like
Nobles, Lanotec is a 100% Australian-owned and operated
company. By using Lanotecs naturally based products Nobles can
provide lubrication, corrosion protection and degreasing solutions
that are friendly for the environment and safe to use.
Lanotec Heavy Duty Liquid Lanolin

Lubrication and corrosion protection of wire ropes where
spraying is necessary
Penetrates to the core of the rope, providing long lasting
protection
Perfect for mobile cranes where lubrication needs to be
applied while rope is still on the spool
Non-fling and non-webbing
Suitable for all environments, including mining and marine
Stock Codes:
DRLHD21400 - 400g Spray Can
DRLHD21750 - 750ml Spray Bottle
DRLHD2105 - 5L Container
DRLHD2120 - 20L Container
Lanotec Wire Rope Lube

Can be sprayed or manually applied to ropes
Penetrates to the core of the rope, providing long lasting
protection
Semi fluid grease containing natural lubricant and corrosion
inhibitors
Ideal for marine cranes and ropes working in the splash zone
Lubrication of ropes in environmentally sensitive areas where
salt water is an issue
Suitable for all environments, including mining and marine
Stock Codes:
DRLHDWRL20 - 20L Container
DRLHDWRL2120 - 20L Pail
Lanotec Citra-Force
Biodegradable, water soluble degreaser concentrate
Easily removes tar-based wire rope coatings (blackjack)
Easily removes thread dope
Cleans stainless steel, metal surfaces, wire rope, safety
harnesses & webbing
Perfect for environmentally sensitive areas
Stock Codes:
DRLCF400 - 400g Spray Can
DRLCF750 - 750ml Spray Bottle
DRLCF05 - 5L Container
DRLCF20 - 20L Container
61

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qxd 15/2/12 5:13 PM Page 1

Wire Rope & Strand

Description, Size & Construction

Equal Laid Rope Cross Laid Rope

Wire Rope Strand

Composition of Wire Rope

Wire Rope Description

Correct Method Incorrect Method

Wire Rope & Strand

Cores & Wire Tensile

Fibre Core (FC) in 6 x 7 rope

Wire Strand Core (WSC) in 6 x 7 Rope

Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope & Strand

Lay Directions & Types

Lubrication, Specifications, Testing

Testing & Inspection of Wire Ropes

One rope lay

Wire Rope & Strand

Ordering Rope Core

Rope Grade Abbreviations

Lay of Rope Wire Qualities

Right Hand Langs Lay

Wire Rope & Strand

Prestretching The number of seizings required depends on the type and

Wire Rope & Strand

Left Fleet Angle

Incorrect method: Dont pull

Wire Rope & Strand

Wire Rope Life 2. Operating Environment:

Broken wires 6 x 19 (12/6/1) 5 10

Wire Rope & Strand

Care & Maintenance Deterioration

While Statutory Regulations govern the inspection and discarding

- METALLIC AREA LOSS CHART - % REDUCTION

- LOCAL FAULT CHART -

Wire Rope & Strand

T = (2W + Lw) ( 2aL E )

Approximate Modulus of Elasticity for New Ropes

Calculation of Cross Sectional Area of Wire Rope

Wire Rope & Strand

Tolerances on rope diameter

Permissible differences between any two diameter measurements

Wire Rope & Strand

TYPICAL ROPE RECOMENDATIONS

LOGGING Log Winch 13 - 28 19S RHOL IWRC Logging Skylines........3.5

PILING Pile Driving Hammer 16 - 32 36 RHOL IWRC

1 - 3 Falls 12 - 18 35x7, Eurolift, 4x39 RHOL

Mobile - Hoist 11 - 20 Eurolift, Starlift, 19x7, 35x7,4x39 RHOL or RHLL

WATER DRILLING 14 - 18 24, 4x39 LHOL, RHOL FC

DRILLING Diamond 12 - 16 19x7, 4x39 RHOL FC

SHIPPING Mooring 16 - 26 24, 36SW RHOL FC

SLIPWAY 16 - 32 24, 36SW RHOL FC

WINCHES Trailer - Boat 5-8 19, 7x19 RHOL IWRC, FC

Note: 6 Strand ropes except where otherwise stated.

Wire Rope & Strand

GENERAL PURPOSE WIRE ROPES

6 x 7 (6/1) 7 x 7 (6/1) 6 x 19 6 x 19S 6 x 19W

2 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.3 mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN

Galvanised Wire Ropes (Higher Tensiles)

(9/9/1) (12/6 & 6 F/1) 8 20.1 28.7

Wire Rope & Strand