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LI NI U

Cng ty Thch Bn (thuc Tng Cng ty Thu tinh v gm xy dng - B

xy dng) l mt doanh nghip ln trong ngnh vt liu xy dng, trong nhng
nm qua Cng ty Thch Bn c nhiu ng gp v s nghip pht trin vt
liu xy dng ca B xy dng. Ngoi vn nh n cn gp phn t p thm
cnh quan ca x hi, tho mn nhu cu thm m ca con ngi. S d c
c iu cng nh mt phn ng gp ca ngnh vt liu xy dng m c
th l ngnh sn xut gch p lt ni chung v gch p lt Granite ni ring. V
cng l thnh qu lao ng ht mnh ca i ng cn b v cng nhn vin
chc trong Cng ty.
Hin nay Granite TBC v ang cho ra i nhiu loi sn phm vi kch
c khc nhau:
- 300 x 300mm - 500 x 500mm
- 330 x 330mm - 600 x 600mm
- 400 x 400mm - 600 x 900mm
- 300 x 600mm
C 6 loi b mt:
+ Granite nhm (N) + Granite mt sn chng trn (SK)
+ Granite bng knh (B) + Granite bng knh vn my (RF,RG)
+ Granite bng m (M) + Granite mt sn ging thin nhin (SF)
Vi hn 50 mu sc khc nhau thch ng vi yu cu p lt v tr ca
ngi nh v cc cng trnh cng cng. c bit cht lng sn phm ca Cng ty
lun c m bo ng tiu chun IS9002.

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PHN I:
QUY TRNH CNG NGH SN XUT GCH P LT GRANITE

1). S cng ngh dy chuyn sn xut.

Nguyn liu chnh Kho ph liu Bt mu, hng, en...

TB11,TB22,TB4B,TB7,TB41

Cn nh lng
Xe xc lt
H trng Ti in

My cp liu BFL20 Nguyn liu My nghin bi BM2400/1.2

Bng cn Liver Nc

H bng ti AM1..AM5 Cht in gii H mu Men,engobe

H my nghin bi BM3800 Bi b xung

4 kt khuy men,engob
H thng b h T1..T12

Bm mng TB1...3 Rul engobe Dy truyn trng men

Sng rung + khtAS900

Kt khut SS4/1..2 Kt khut SS4/3..4

Bm piston PP1/1..2 Bm piston PP2/1..2

Du
Sy phun SD2400/1 diezen Sy phun SD2400/2

Sng rung 1
Sng rung 2
12 Sil n mu > 36h
Bng ti SA21..SA22,HTBT
H bng ti SA1...SA11
Bng ti SA23
Bng cn WBE1... WBE5
Sil I..III
Bng ti APM, AP1

Bng ti my trn 2 trc, Bng ti AM1

gu nng, bng ti
Sil a mu S13...S18
Gu ti
2 G2 SA24, SA25

Bng ti AM2 Sil n mu

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Bng ti AP2 AP3.2 VS2.2 Gu G3

Bng ti AP3..AP4 APM,

Sng rung AP4.2

Bng ti AP5

Phu cha /1..3

My p VIS 2000/1..2 My p SiTi 3205

My sy ng Du diezen My sy ng II Gas

H thng vn chuyn H thng vn chuyn

Dy chuyn trng men Dy chuyn trng men

Dy chuyn trng engobe Dy chuyn trng engobe

My np ti 1..2

H thng vn chuyn d tr xe goong

Xe ph 1...4

L sy tuynen/1..2 Kh
My d ti 1..2 L nung thanh ln /1..2
Kh gas
My l chn 1..2

Kho bn thnh phm

Sn phm trng men

Mi bng, vt cnh 1..2 Nc, , a mi

La chn ng hp 1..2

Kho thnh phm

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2) Thuyt minh s dy chuyn cng ngh sn xut gch p lt Granite.

Cc loi nguyn liu nh: t st (TB11); Cao lanh (TB22); Fenspat
(TB4b v TB41); lmt (TB7); xt ma nh (TB31) c nhp v xng v
c cha ring tng loi nguyn liu mt. Theo bi phi liu c tnh ton
sn c t l % ca tng loi nguyn liu mt. Nhng phn trm ny c cn
theo ng t l bng cn bn t ng ri c chuyn vo bng ti t ng, t
y bng ti a nguyn liu vo my nghin bi s.
Theo bi phi liu ta b sung thm nc vo my nghin sao cho bi phi
liu c khong 34 n 35,5% nc ng thi cho thm cht in gii (thng l
Na2P5O10) lm tng nht ca h nh hn 25s. Phi liu c nghin trong
khong thi gian t 12 n 13 gi t c mn ca c ht khi kim tra cn
st li trn sng mt van l/cm2 l nh hn 2% v t trng ca h t 1600 n
1690kg/cm3 h t tiu chun c tho xung b cha c khuy. T y h
c soi mng a n sng rung lc tp cht cn bn, tip theo c i qua
b phn lc st (kh t) ri c chy xung b cha trung gian. T b cha
trung gian h c bm pt tng y ln l sy phun, h c sy chuyn thnh
dng bt c c ht khc nhau v c m t 4,5 n 5,5%. Bt sau khi sy phun
c tho xung bng ti qua sng i n kt cha n mu, ti y bt c
li trong thi gian khong 8h cho m ca bt c ng nht. T y nu
mun to ra sn phm n mu th ta iu khin cho bt Sil n mu xung
bng ti v c bng ti chuyn n thng cha d tr ri vo xe xc bt v
a vo khng p p to hnh.
Cn mun to ra sn phm gch a mu th ta nh lng cc loi bt n
mu bng my trn lm nhim v trn u cc loi bt n mu ny vi nhau sau
nh bng ti v gu ti a bt a mu vo sil a mu.
Bt t Sil a mu li c tho xung bng ti ra thng d tr vo xe xc
bt vo khun v c p thnh mc. Mc sau khi p xong c thi sch bi
v tip tc c a i sy trong l sy ng tng cng mc sau nh
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h thng bng ti a i trng men ri a i bi lp chng dnh mt di cu
mc (nu gch khng cn trng men th t sy mc c a thng n b phn
phun chng dnh).
c men cn phi gia cng men nh sau: Cc loi nguyn liu men c
cn nh lng theo ng t l m bi phi liu men yu cu ri c my
nghin bi 2,4m3 uc nghin trong khong 3h khi men t tiu chun th c
tho xung b cha c khuy (trc khi xung b cha men c lc qua sng
rung v c lc st qua b kh t) t b cha ny men c lc qua sng rung
v c lc st qua b kh t (t b cha ny men c a i trng men.
Sau khi c phun lp chng dnh mc c b phn np ti vo xe
gong, nh h thng xe ph mc c a vo l Tuynel (trc khi vo sy mc
c thi sch bi) sy bt m ca mc do qu trnh trng men, phun lp
chng dnh, do m ca mi trng thm vo m bo cho khi vo l nung
m ca mc phi <0,5% Mc sau khi sy Tuynel c b phn d ti chuyn
sang dn con ln v mc c dn con ln a qua thit b lm sch v i vo l
nung. Sn phm sau khi nung c a qua cc thit b phn loi (thit b kim
tra bn c hc, kim tra kch thc, cong vnh). Nhng sn phm t yu
cu, c a i ng gi v nhp vo kho. Nhng sn phm c sai lch v
kch thc hoc r b mc cn kh nng gia cng c, li c a i mi vt
cnh, mi bng sau c a i ly v phn loi sn phm t tiu chun c
a i ng gi, nhp kho, sn phm khng t tiu chun s loi b

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CHNG I: NGUYN VT LIU SN XUT
I. Nguyn liu sn xut:
1. Nguyn liu chnh:
a. Cc loi nguyn liu sn xut.
TT Chng loi K hiu a danh
1 t st trng TB11 Trc Thn
2 Cao lanh TB22 Yn Bi
3 Felspard TB4B Vnh Ph Phong Ho
4 Felspard TB41 Lo Cai
5 Felspard TB34 Vnh Ph c bit
6 lmit TB7 Thanh Ha, Lng Sn
7 xt ma nh TB37
8 Bt km TB36
9 Bt vi TB10
10 Cht mu
11 Cht in gii
12 Nc
13 Cao lin
14 Thch anh TB2
b. Qui trnh cng ngh:
+ Khai thc v ch bin ti m:
- Nguyn liu sau khi khai thc c tp trung ti kho, bi cha, sau c nghin
nh trn u trc khi ng vo bao.
- Cc bao nguyn liu phi c bo qun trong kho trc khi a v nh my.
- Cc yu cu i vi bt nguyn liu trc khi ng vo bao: phi m bo tnh
n nh v thnh phn ho, ng u v mu sc, c ht, m nm trong gii
hn (xem Ch tiu k thut nghim thu).
- Khi khai thc cc l va mi phi c phiu phn tch v c thng bo bng vn bn.
+ Ti kho cha ca nh my:

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- Sau khi nguyn liu a t m v c nghim thu, kim tra t tiu chun s
a vo cc khoang nguyn liu trong kho c mi che. Nu khng t th tr li
bn cung cp hoc phi c bin php khc phc nhng im khng ph hp.
Nguyn liu cha trong cc bao c khi lng 50 Kg/bao c xp trong kho
thnh tng l theo mt quy trnh xp d nht nh (Nguyn liu c di u
tng lp theo tng chuyn n khi y khoang cha, theo s quy hoch kho
xp), khng ln cc nguyn liu khc nhau.
- Khi xut nguyn liu cho sn xut phi tun th cc nguyn tc:
- D theo mt ct ngang tng l theo bi phi liu.
- D ht theo tng l th mi chuyn l khc.

c. Ch tiu k thut:
TT Tn nguyn liu Mu sc Kch thc m (%) Ghi ch
1 t st trng (TB11) Trng ng 10-100 12
Trc Thn mm
2 Cao lanh (TB22) Pht hng Nh ti 12
Yn Bi
3 Felspard Vnh (TB4b) Trng hanh _ 15
Ph vng
4 Felspard (TB41) Hanh vng _ 12
Lo Cai
5 lmit (TB7) Trng xm _ 5,0
Thanh Ho
6 Caolanh Trng xanh _ 12
Phng Vin (TB22
G1)

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7 Felspard Vnh (TB34) Trng ng _ 2
Ph
8 vi (TB10) Trng ng _ 2
9 Thch anh (TB2) Trng xm _ 2

2. Nguyn liu ph.

a. Bt mu. - Mu hng Mn. - Xanh l cy. - Mu vng.
- Mu hng St. - Mu nu t. - Mu xanh php.
- Mu en. - Xanh ngc.
b. Cht in gii. Na5P3O10.
c. Men trong.
d. Men kh
. Mui thm tan.
e. Engobe.
II. NHIN LIU
+ Gas lng : Q = 11.000 Kcal/Kg
Thnh phn th tch: 37-57%C4H10 & 43-63%C3H8.
+ Du Diezel: Q = 10.500 Kcal/Kg.

III. VT LIU TIU HAO KHC.

+ , a mi, bi nghin, qu l kim cng, dung mi ph bng, con
ln gm, khun p, chi qut khun...

CHNG II: CNG NGH SN XUT

I. Np liu vo thng cn.
a. Quy trnh cng ngh.
+ Phng k thut :
- Kim tra m nguyn liu 1ln / ngy.
- Tnh bi phi liu v thi gian nghin.
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- Chnh cn, t "con tr nga" trn ng h cn.
- Gim st vic np liu vo thng cn.
+ Phn xng sn xut: Np cc nguyn liu vo thng cn, = 23 tn/m
(W=0%). Th t v khi lng np cho mt m nh sau:

TT Loi K T l Khi lng np

nguyn liu Hiu % Tn/m (W=0%)
1 t st trng Trc Thn TB11
2 Caolin Yn Bi TB22
3 Felspard Vnh Ph TB4b
4 lmit Thanh Ha TB7
5 Felsprd Lo Cai TB41
Cng 100,00 23,000

i vi cc bi nghin phi liu km ph liu th lng nguyn liu s gim i

theo t l sao cho tng khi lng kh = 21.000kg, lng ph liu = 2000kg.
i vi cc m nghin ring ph liu thu hi th khi lng ph liu nghin mt
m khong 12.000 - 20.000 kg.
b. Ch tiu k thut.
Np ng chng loi v chnh xc s lng ng v tr theo bi phi liu (theo
"con tr nga" trn ng h cn) di s gim st ca cn b k thut: sai s
nh lng i vi tng loi nguyn liu < 0,5%.
II. Nghin bi v h thng b cha h.
1. Nghin nguyn liu chnh - BM38000.
a. Quy trnh cng ngh.
+ Phn xng sn xut.

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- Kim tra qu trnh x liu thng nh lng, phi tho sch khng nguyn
liu tn ng trong thng cn. Theo di ch s trn cn ng h v t s lng
nc cn np trn ng h o theo bi phi liu.
- Cng nhn np liu vn hnh h bng ti cao su np nguyn liu, ng thi x
nc (thng qua 1 ng h o nc t ng) vo my nghin bi. T l nc x
v nguyn liu np vo my ng bng t l gia tng lng nc cn np v
tng nguyn liu m (trong thng cn), sao cho khi np ht nguyn liu trong
thng cn th ch s nc trn ng h cng va .
- Np cht in gii v bi b xung vo my nghin bi theo bi phi liu.
- ng cht ca my nghin, t thi gian nghin trn ng h hn gi (Theo
bi phi liu) v khi ng my nghin.
- Qu trnh ny my s t ng dng li sau khi quay ht s gi t. Qu
trnh nghin c chia lm 2 giai on: Giai on 1 nghin 1h sau dng kim
tra x l tng ( nu c ); giai on 2 nghin tip s gi cn li.
- H t cc ch tiu k thut c x xung mt trong cc b cha (T1+2, ...,
T12) c cnh khuy c v sinh sch hoc ang cha h cng loi bng h
thng ng dn.
Ti y, di tc dng ca my khuy chm, h s c gi trng thi ng
nht trong b .
- Lu :Cng nhn vn hnh phi xc nh c b nh x c bao nhiu h.
Sau khi x h xong phi kim tra li lng x v lng cn st li trong my
nghin. Nu thy c hin tng khng bnh thng th CBTN bn vi t trng
gia cng nguyn liu tm bin php x l ngay. Trng hp khng x l c
th phi thng bo cho Gim c Nh my (G) v Trng phng k thut.
+ Phng k thut.
- Gim st vic t nc, t thi gian trn ng h, cht in gii, lng bi b
xung cho mi m nghin
- Kim tra cht lng h nghin: nht, t trng, st sng. Nu h khng
t th b phn th nghim phi cho quyt nh x l v kim tra li cho n
khi t c tiu chun h x xung b cha (Cc quyt nh x l vt qu
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