Cc hot ng gim st hn

Cc hot ng gim st hn

1. Gii thiu chung

Gim st hn l mt phn quan trng ca chng trnh m bo cht lng mi hn tng

th. Gim st hn khng ch bao gm vic kim tra khng ph hy ca mi hn hon
thnh. Nhiu vn khc rt quan trng, chng hn nh r sot cc thng s k thut,
thit k lin kt, lm sng t cc qui trnh, v cc qui trnh hn. Cc chng nhn th hn
nn c thc hin m bo tt hn cho vic thc hin kt cu hn ng khi phc v.

Cc hot ng gim st hn c th c tch thnh ba giai on tng ng vi qu trnh

gia cng hn. Cc gim st nn thc hin cc cng vic c th trc khi hn, trong qu
trnh hn v sau khi hon thnh vic hn, mc d thng khng cn thit kim tra mi
mi hn.

2. Cc nhim v trc khi hn

Tm quan trng ca cc nhim v trong giai on chun b lp k hoch v chun b hn

khng nn khng hiu r. Nhiu vn hn c th trnh c trong giai on ny khi d
dng thc hin cc thay i v hiu chnh hn l sau khi qu trnh hn ang tin hnh
hoc hon thnh. Cc nhim v nh vy c th bao gm:

2.1 Cc bn v, cc Code, v cc tiu chun

Xem li cc bn v, cc tiu chun, cc Code, v cc thng s k thut hiu c cc

yu cu cho kt cu hn v xc nh bt k s khng ph hp no.

2.1.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Cc k hiu mi hn v cc kch thc mi hn c quy nh r rng (xem
Appendix A).
b. Thit k v kch thc mi hn c xc nh r rng (xem Appendix A).
c. Bn mi hn xc nh qui trnh hn (WPS) c s dng cho cc lin kt hn
c bit.
d. Cc kch thc phi chi tit v tim nng cho s bin dng cong vnh.
e. Cc b sung hn c qui nh c th (xem Sections 7.1. 7.4, 7.6, v Appendix
D).
f. X l ng cc b sung hn, nu c, c xc nhh (xem Section 7.7).
g. Cc yu cu vt liu c bn c qui nh (chng hn nh s dng cc vt liu
c th nghim va p, ni m do khng phi l yu cu trong phc v
nhit thp).
h. Cc c tnh c hc v yu cu th nghim c xc nh (xem Section 10.4)
i. Cc yu cu bo v thi tit v gi c quy nh.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

j. Cc yu cu nung nng trc v cc phng php nung nng trc chp nhn
c xc nh (xem Section 10.5).
k. Cc yu cu x l nhit sau hn (Postweld heat treatment - PWHT) v phng
php PWHT c th chp nhn c xc nh (xem Section 10.6).
l. Cc thi im kim tra/gim st (Inspection hold-points) v cc yu cu NDE
c xc nh (xem Section 9).
m. Cc yu cu b sung, chng hn nh cc mu th nghim, c xc nh r rng.
n. Cc yu cu kim tra p sut, nu c, c qui nh r rng (xem Section 9.11).

2.1.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Xc nh v lm r cc chi tit v thng tin cn thiu.
b. Xc nh v lm r cc kch thc mi hn, cc kch thc, cc kim tra, v cc
yu cu b sung cn thiu.
c. Xc nh v lm r s khng nht qun vi cc tiu chun, cc Code v cc yu
cu v c im k thut.
d. nh du cc vn mi hn tim n khng c cp trong thit k.
e. Thit lp tiu chun chp nhn/loi b c th p dng.
f. Xc minh mc NDE thch hp c xc nh.

2.2 Cc yu cu kt cu hn

Xem xt cc yu cu cho kt cu hn vi cc nhn s lin quan n vic thc hin cng

vic nh k s thit k, k s hn, t chc hn v t chc kim tra.

2.2.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Nng lc ca t chc hn thc hin cc hot ng hn theo cc Code, cc tiu
chun v cc thng s k thut.
b. Nng lc ca t chc kim tra thc hin cc nhim v kim tra c th.
c. Vai tr v trch nhim ca cc k s, t chc hn, v cc gim st vin hn
c xc nh v thch hp cho cng vic.
d. S c lp ca t chc kim tra vi t chc sn xut r rng v c chng
minh.
e. Nng lc ca t chc hn thc hin cc chng nhn th hn/ngi vn hnh
hn.

2.2.2 Hot ng thanh tra tim nng: Lm ni bt cc thiu st v cc quan ngi vi cc

t chc cho nhn s thch hp.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

2.3 Cc qui trnh v cc h s chng nhn

Xem li WPS (s) v cc h s chng nhn th hn (WPQ) m bo chng c th chp

nhn c cho cng vic.

2.3.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. WPS(s), k c chng c pht trin cho sn xut sa cha, c chng nhn
ph hp v p ng cc Code, cc tiu chun v cc thng s k thut c th
chp nhn p dng cho cng vic (xem Section 6.4).
b. Cc h s chng nhn qui trnh hn (PQR) c thc hin ng v tr gip
WPS(s) (xem Section 6.4).
c. Cc chng nhn nng lc th hn (WPQ) p ng cc yu cu cho WPS (xem
Section 8.3).

2.3.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. WPS(s) v PQR(s) c c chp nhn cho cng vic.
b. Chng nhn WPS(s) khi cn thit v chng kin chng nhn.
a. Chng nhn hoc chng nhn li cc th hn khi cn thit v chng kin t l
phn trm ca cc chng nhn kim tra th hn.

2.4 Thng tin NDE

Xc nhn ngi kim tra NDE, cc qui trnh NDE v thit b NDE ca t chc kim tra
c chp nhn cho cng vic.

2.4.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Cc nhn s kim tra NDE c chng nhn ph hp cho k thut NDE (xem
Section 2.6)
b. Cc qui trnh NDE l hin ti v ng n.
c. Hiu chun thit b NDE cn hiu lc.
d. Cc qui trnh v k thut NDE c xc nh c th t c cc yu cu chp
nhn/t chi cn thit.

2.4.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Xc nh v hiu chnh nhng thiu st v chng nhn v cc qui trnh.
b. C c thit b c hiu chun.

2.5 Thit b v dng c hn

Xc nhn thit b v dng c hn c hiu chun v c th hot ng.

2.5.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

a. Hiu chun th hn l hin ti.

b. Cc dng c nh ampe k, vn k, my o nhit k tip xc, c cc hiu chun
hin ti.
c. Cc l lu tr (sy) cho cc b sung hn hot ng vi iu khin nhit t ng
v hin th nhit c th nhn thy.

2.5.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Xc nhn hiu chun li thit b v dng c.
b. Xc nhn thay th thit b v dng c b li.

2.6 X l nhit v kim tra p sut

Xc nhn quy trnh x l nhit v kim tra p sut v thit b lin quan l c th chp
nhn c.

2.6.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Quy trnh x l nhit c sn v thch hp (xem Section 10.6).
b. Cc quy trnh kim tra p sut c sn v cc yu cu kim tra chi tit (xem
Section 9.11).
c. Hiu chun thit b PWHT l hin ti.
d. Thit b kim tra p sut v thit b o c hiu chun v p ng cc yu cu
kim tra thch hp.

2.6.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Xc nh v hiu chnh cc thiu st trong cc qui trnh.
b. C c thit b c hiu chun.

2.7 Vt liu

m bo rng tt c cc kim loi in y, cc vt liu c bn, v cc vt liu chn

c nh du v xc nh ng v nu cn, thc hin kim tra vt liu xc minh
thnh phn vt liu.

2.7.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Cc chng nhn kim tra vt liu c sn v cc mc c nh du ng (xem
Section 10.8).
b. nh du in cc, th dy trn, nhn dng trn cun dy, v.v. theo quy nh
(xem Section 9.2).
c. Cc du hiu vt liu in y c th theo di c theo chng nhn vt liu in
y.
d. Cc du hiu kim loi c bn c th theo di c theo chng nhn vt liu.
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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

e. Thc hin ghi chp thng tin truy nguyn ngun gc ca kim loi in y v
kim loi c bn c thc hin.
f. Cc ng du vo kim loi c bn l ng sut thp v khng gy bt li cho
thnh phn.
g. Code mu sn l ng vi vt liu ca cng trnh.
h. Cc h s kim tra vt liu b sung kh nng truy nguyn ngun gc vt liu v
xc nhn vt liu ca cng trnh (xem Section 9.2).

2.7.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Loi b vt liu khng c truy nguyn ngun gc hoc cc vt liu khng c
nh du khng ng cch.
b. Loi b cc vt liu khng ph hp.

2.8 Chun b mi hn

Xc nhn chun b mi hn, lp ghp lin kt, v cc kch thc c th c chp nhn
v chnh xc.

2.8.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Cc b mt chun b mi hn khng c cht gy nhim v cc khuyt tt kim
loi c bn nh lp tch lp v cc vt nt.
b. Gia nhit trc, nu cn thit, c p dng cho ct nhit.
c. Cc b mt chun b lin kt hn khng c cc vy oxit v lu hunh,
hydrocarbon cn d, v bt k s tch t qu mc ca sn lt.
d. Loi lin kt hn, gc vt nghing, mt chn v khe h chn l ng.
e. Chnh thng hng v s khng khp l chnh xc v chp nhn c.
f. Cc kch thc ca kim loi c bn, kim loi in y, v lin kt hn l ng.

2.8.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng: T chi vt liu hoc sa cha cc thiu st.

2.9 Nung nng trc/Gia nhit trc

Xc nhn thit b v nhit nung nng trc.

2.9.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Thit b v k thut nung nng trc c th chp nhn c.
b. Khu vc nung nng trc v nhit nung nng trc l ng (xem Section
10.5).
c. Nung nng li, nu cn thit, p dng cho cc hot ng ct nhit.
d. nung nng trc, nu cn thit, p dng loi b m.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

2.9.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng: Xc nh v sa cc thiu st trong cc hot ng

nung nng trc.

2.10 Cc vt t tiu th hn

Xc nhn in cc, dy in y, cht chy v kh tr c qui nh v c th chp nhn.

2.10.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Loi kim loi in y v kch thc ng cho mi qui trnh.
b. Cc kim loi in y c x l v lu tr ng cch (xem Section 7.7).
c. Cc kim loi in y l sch v khng nhim bn.
d. V bc trn cc in cc v bc khng b h hng cng khng m t.
e. Cht chy thch hp cho qu trnh hn v c x l ng cch.
f. Kh tr, nu c yu cu l ph hp che chn v lm sch.
g. Thnh phn kh l chnh xc v p ng cc yu cu v tinh khit.
h. Kh bo v v cc h thng phn phi kh bo v phi c nh k lm sch
ngn nga vic cha khng kh.

2.10.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Loi b cc vt liu khng thch hp.
b. Xc nh v hiu chnh cc thiu st.

3 Cc nhim v trong qu trnh hot ng hn

Kim tra hn trong qu trnh hn nn bao gm cc thng s kim tra xc minh vic hn
c thc hin theo cc quy trnh. Nhim v nh vy c th bao gm:

3.1 m bo cht lng

Thit lp quy trnh m bo cht lng v kim sot cht lng vi t chc hn.

3.1.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Th hn phi chu trch nhim v s thnh tho tay ngh ca kt cu hn
b. Th hn phi p ng cc yu cu chng nhn.
c. Th hn hiu r qui trnh hn v cc yu cu cho cng vic.
d. Cc kha o to c bit v cc kt cu hn m hnh th nghim c thc hin
nu c yu cu.
e. Th hn hiu cc giai on kim tra.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

3.1.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Xem xt li nng lc th hn vi t chc hn.
b. Xem Appendix B.

3.2 Cc thng s v k thut hn

Xc nhn cc thng s v k thut hn c h tr bi WPS v WPQ.

3.2.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Cc bin cn thit gp trong qu trnh hn.
i. Vt liu in y, cht chy, v thnh phn kh bo v/lu lng.
ii. K thut x kh lm sch, lu lng, vv
iii. Thit b si nng que hn c s dng hoc khi thit b si nng que hn khng
c s dng, th hn tun th thi gian tip xc ti a vi l in cc.
iv. Nung nng trc trong khi hn nh g v cc mi hn nh c loi b (nu yu
cu).
v. K thut hn, tin trnh hn, chng ph ng hn, vv
vi. Thit lp thit b chng hn nh ampe, volts, v tc cung cp dy.
vii. Nhit nung nng trc v nhit lp bn trong. Nhit lp bn trong ln
nht cn c ch nh cho cc thp khng g austenit, thp khng g duplex, v cc
hp kim khng st (v d cc thp khng g loi 300). Nhit lp bn trong ln
nht cng cn c ch nh cho cc thp carbon/hp kim thp yu cu kim tra va
p.
viii. Tc di chuyn (lin quan n nhit cung cp vo).
ix. Nhit cung cp vo (khi thch hp).
b. Kt cu hn m hnh th nghim, p ng cc yu cu ca k s hn v c s
dng chng minh kh nng ca th hn theo yu cu.
c. Th hn tun th cc quy trnh hn tt.

3.2.2 Cc hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Xem xt li cc vn kt cu hn m hnh th nghim vi k s hn.
b. Xem xt li cht lng hn vi t chc hn.

3.3 Kim tra kt cu hn

Hon thnh kim tra vt l, kim tra trc quan, v NDE trong qu trnh.

3.1.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Cc mi hn nh hp nht trong mi hn c cht lng chp nhn c.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

b. Chn mi hn c s thm nhp y v cht lng.

c. Lm sch gia cc ng hn v cc b mt to rnh pha sau l c th chp nhn.
d. NDE b sung c thc hin gia cc ng hn v trn cc b mt to rnh pha
sau cho thy kt qu c th chp nhn c.
e. Gia cng li v loi b khuyt tt trong qu trnh c thc hin.
f. o hm lng ferrit trong qu trnh, nu cn thit, c thc hin v ghi li.
g. li mi hn v kch thc mi hn gc cui cng p ng cc yu cu k thut
v bn v.

3.1.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng: Loi b sn phm khng chp nhn.

4 Nhim v sau khi kt thc hn

Cc cng vic cui cng sau khi hon thnh kt cu hn phi bao gm nhng cng vic
m bo cht lng mi hn cui cng trc khi a kt cu hn vo phc v.

4.1 Hnh dng bn ngoi v s hon thin

Xc minh s chp nhn, hnh dng bn ngoi v s hon thin sau khi hn ca cc lin
kt hn.

4.1.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Kch thc, chiu di v v tr ca tt c cc mi hn ph hp vi bn v / thng
s k thut / Code.
b. Khng c cc mi hn khng c chp nhn.
c. Kim tra kch thc v trc quan ca mi hn khng c cc khng lin tc hn,
bin dng qu mc v sn phm km.
d. Cc chi tit nh g tm v cc mi hn nh c loi b v trn vi kim loi c
bn.
e. Cc khng lin tc c xem xt li theo tiu ch chp nhn i vi phn loi
khuyt tt.
f. Du hiu/ng du th hn ca cc mi hn phi c xc nhn.
g. Thc hin kim tra cng (xem Section 9.10).

4.1.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng: Kim tra vic gia cng li cc mi hn hin ti, loi
b cc mi hn v sa cha mi hn thc hin theo yu cu.

4.2 Xem xt li NDE

Xc minh NDE c thc hin ti cc khu vc c la chn v xem xt li cc pht

hin ca ngi kim tra.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

4.2.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Xc nh cc khu vc c kim tra.
b. Xc nh tn sut kim tra.
c. NDE c thc hin sau khi PWHT cui cng.
d. Cng vic ca mi th hn bao gm cc k thut kim tra ngu nhin.
e. Cht lng film RT, v tr IQI, kh nng nhn thy IQI, vv... tun th cc tiu
chun.
f. Gim st hn ng vi cc din gii v cc pht hin ca ngi kim tra.
g. H s cho tt c NDE c thc hin ng (xem Section 9.11).

4.2.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. B sung thm yu cu NDE x l cc thiu st trong cc pht hin.
b. Kim tra cc lin kt i vi nt chm ca b phn dy thnh, b kim ch cao v
lin kt vt liu bn cao.
c. Lp li cc kim tra khng tm thy hoc khng chp nhn c.
d. Hiu chnh nhng s khc nhau trong cc bo co kim tra.

4.3 X l nhit sau hn (PWHT)

Xc minh x l nhit sau hn c thc hin theo qui trnh v to kt qu chp nhn
c.

4.3.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Sn nh du v cc nhim c hi khc c loi b.
b. Cc nh km tm thi c loi b.
c. B mt gia cng c bo v khi qu trnh oxy ha.
d. Thit b bn trong, chng hn nh valve bn trong, loi b trnh h hng.
e. Thit b h tr trnh s bin dng.
f. Cc b nhit in gn cht ng cch.
g. Cc b nhit in theo di y cc vng nhit khc nhau v cc phn dy
nht / mng nht trong qu trnh ch to.
h. H thng theo di nhit c hiu chun.
i. Chiu rng di nung nng cc b l .
j. Cht cch nhit p dng cho thnh phn ni yu cu nung nng cc b.
k. Nhit v thi gian gi l chnh xc.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

l. Tc nung nng v tc lm ngui l chnh xc.

m. Bin dng l chp nhn c sau khi hon thnh chu k nhit.
n. cng ch s x l nhit chp nhn c (xem Section 10.7).

4.3.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Hiu chun thit b kim tra nhit .
b. Hiu chnh cc thiu st trc khi x l nhit.
c. Lp li chu k x l nhit.

4.4 Kim tra p sut

Xc minh kim tra p sut thc hin theo qui trnh.

4.4.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. p sut p ng cc yu cu kim tra.
b. Thi gian ko di kim tra l theo qui nh.
c. Nhit kim loi ca b phn p ng cc yu cu nh nht v ln nht.
d. S st gim hoc suy gim p sut chp nhn cho mi qui trnh.
e. Kim tra bng mt khng pht hin khuyt tt.

4.4.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Sa cc thiu st trc khi p dng kim tra p sut.
b. Lp li kim tra khi cn thit.
c. Ph duyt k hoch sa cha nu cc khuyt tt c nhn bit.

4.5 Kim tra h s

Thc hin kim tra cui cng v h s gim st xc nh cc thng tin khng chnh
xc v khng y

4.5.1 Cc mc kim sot cht lng nh gi:

a. Tt c cc xc minh trong k hoch cht lng c thc hin ng.
b. Cc bo co kim tra c cc bn c trch nhim hon chnh, chp nhn v k
kt.
c. Cc bo co gim st, kim tra NDE din gii v pht hin l chnh xc (xem
Section 9.11).

4.5.2 Hot ng gim st tim nng:

a. Yu cu kim tra b sung gii quyt cc thiu st trong pht hin.

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 Cc hot ng gim st hn

b. Lp li cc kim tra b thiu hoc khng th chp nhn.

c. Hiu chnh cc thiu st trong h s kim tra.

5 Khng ph hp (Non-Conformance) v cc khuyt tt

Ti bt k thi im no trong qu trnh gim st hn, nu cc khuyt tt hoc khng ph

hp vi c im k thut c xc nh, chng phi c nhng ngi chu trch nhim
v cng vic sa cha trc khi hn tip tc. Cc khuyt tt nn c loi b hon ton
v kim tra li sau cc cng vic sa cha cho n khi mi hn c chp nhn. Hot
ng khc phc cho s khng ph hp s ty thuc vo bn cht ca khng ph hp v
nh hng ca n i vi cc c tnh ca kt cu hn. Hot ng khc phc c th bao
gm vic gia cng li mi hn. Xem Phn 9.1 v cc loi ph bin ca cc khng lin tc
hoc thiu st c th dn n cc khuyt t hoc cc khng ph hp.

5.1 Sa cha cc mi hn

Khi kim tra xc nh khuyt tt c th b t chi, kim tra vin nn nh du khu vc

sa cha, khuyt tt phi c loi b, v bt k hn sa cha cn thit c thc hin.
Bt k hn sa cha nn c thc hin theo mt qui trnh c chp nhn bi gim st
vin hoc k s. Sau khi sa cha, mi hn phi c gim st li. Nu vic kim tra ch
ra rng sa cha c th chp nhn c, khng c hot ng no khc c thc hin v
kt cu hn c a vo s dng. Nu vic kim tra cho thy khuyt tt khng b loi b
hoc c xut hin khuyt tt mi, vic sa cha mi hn s b t chi v sa cha ln th
hai c thc hin. Sau ln sa cha mi hn ln th hai khng thnh cng, ngi kim
tra v / hoc k s hn phi nh gi l do cho s khng ph hp ca vic sa cha mi
hn.

C rt nhiu yu t a ra khi c gng xc nh s ln lin kt hn c th lin tc phi sa

cha trc khi ct hon ton mi hn chng hn nh : vt liu kim loi c bn, phc
tp ca cu hnh / v tr mi hn (v d: cc ng l hoc ng l hi), kch thc ca mi
hn. K s hn hoc gim st vin phi c thng bo khi mt mi hn tht bi trong
kim tra cht lng mi hn hn ba ln gip xc nh cc nguyn nhn ca cc khuyt
tt v cch thc sa cha thch hp tip theo.

6 Chng nhn ngi kim tra NDE

Cc Code hoc cc tiu chun tham chiu c th yu cu ngi kim tra c chng nhn
ph hp vi mt Code c th v c chng nhn l p ng cc yu cu. Cc tiu chun
xy dng mi hn thng thng nh ASME cho cc bnh p lc hoc ng ng, v API
510 cho vic kim tra bnh p lc ang hot ng tham chiu ASME Section V, Article 1,
khi c ch nh bi Code tham chiu, yu cu nhn s NDE phi c chng nhn vi
mt trong s nhng iu sau y:

a. ASNT SNT-TC-1A
b. ANSI/ASNT CP-189

Dipl.Eng.IWE/EWE-Nguyn Duy Ninh. Date: 04/23/17 11

 Cc hot ng gim st hn

Nhng ti liu tham chiu ny cung cp hng dn cho ng ch (SNT-TC-1A) hoc cc

tiu chun (CP-189) chng nhn nhn vin kim tra NDE. Chng cng yu cu ng
ch pht trin v thit lp mt quy trnh k thut bng vn bn chi tit cc yu cu ca
ng ch chng nhn nhn vin kim tra. N thng bao gm vic o to, v kinh
nghim l cc iu kin tin quyt trc khi chng nhn, v yu cu chng nhn li. Mt
h thng chng nhn ph hp vi ISO 9712 c th c quy nh cho cng vic quc t.
ISO 9712 phc tho cc hng dn chng nhn c t chc theo h thng quc gia v
trao cho c nhn. Ti Hoa K, h thng c qun l bi ASNT l ACCP (ASNT Central
Certification Program - ACCP). Mc d vic vit qui trnh k thut ca n v kim tra c
th cho php ngi ch ch nh Level III, t nht l i vi chng nhn ban u, ngi
kim tra Level III c chng nhn bng kim tra.

6.1 Nu Code tham chiu khng lit k mt tiu chun c th chng nhn, chng nhn
c c th lin quan n trnh din nng lc ca nhn vin thc hin kim tra hoc cc yu
cu khc c ch nh bi ng ch.

6.2 S tng ng c xc nh bi y ban API c lin quan v c ng trn trang

web ca API. Ni chung n c xc nh l:

Nhng ngi kim tra siu m song ngang (sng ct) phi tun theo mt bi kim tra
trnh din nng lc nn p ng hoc vt qu cc bin bn, tiu chun kim tra ti thiu
v vt qua cc im c m t nh sau:

a) Vic kim tra phi c qun l bi ngi ch hoc bn th ba c lp theo ch nh

ca ch s hu. Tt c cc bin bn kim tra bao gm thit k, sn xut, v thm tra
cc mu th cn c ghi li v gi li di s gim st cht ch m bo cc bin
bn kim tra c gi kn.

b) ng vin trc khi thc hin th nghim nn chng minh s o to v chng nhn
bi mt h thng chng nhn quc gia hoc quc t c th chp nhn cho ngi ch
s hu (hng dn SNT-TC-1A, CP-189, EN471. hoc ISO 9712).

c) Cc ng vin cn c cung cp mt bn phc tho bng vn bn m h phi c v

ghi nhn trc khi bt u th nghim.

d) Kim tra ti thiu phi bao gm:

1) Mt tm thp Carbon (P1) dy (12 mm) v 1 (25 mm) vi mi hn chun b
V n hoc kp.
2) Hai ng thp carbon (P1) 12 (300 mm) v 8 (200 mm) NPS, trong phm vi
chiu dy thnh -3/4 (12-17 mm).
3) Cc mu s cung cp mt chiu di mi hn sao cho tng chiu di mi hn c
kim tra bi ng vin khng c thp hn 77 "(1956 mm).
4) Tng chiu di mi hn nn bao gm mt s khuyt tt ring l m phng cc
khng hon ho mi hn in hnh nh sau:
i. Thiu nng chy thnh bn
Dipl.Eng.IWE/EWE-Nguyn Duy Ninh. Date: 04/23/17 12
 Cc hot ng gim st hn

ii. Thiu nng chy chn

iii. Bc tp cht theo ng (x)
iv. Vt nt
v. R kh

e) Cc khuyt tt cn c thit k v t sao cho vic xc nh kh nng pht hin v

m t khuyt tt ca ng vin, v xc nh v tr chnh xc khuyt tt trong mi
lin quan vi mi hn. Ngoi ra, ng vin cn chng minh kh nng phn bit cc ch
bo v hnh hc nh khng thng hng v chn mi hn t nhng khuyt tt thc t.

6.3 thnh cng trong kim tra, ng vin nn pht hin, m t v xc nh v tr 80%
cc khuyt tt bit trong cc mi hn m h c yu cu kim tra. Cc ng c vin
thc hin gi ra nhiu hn 20%, ngha l din gii sai mt phn x hnh hc nh l mt
khuyt tt khng c xc nh l vt qua bi kim tra.

6.4 Cc ng c vin nn c thng bo nu h vt qua hoc khng t c bi

kim tra. Khng c d liu khc c cung cp m bo tnh bo mt ca d liu lin
quan n s lng, v tr, loi v kch c ca khuyt tt.

6.5 Ph chun kim tra thng c gi tr trong mt khong thi gian ba nm k t ngy
ng c vin c kim tra li. Nu bt c lc no nng lc ca ngi kim tra b nghi
ng, ngi kim tra c th c kim tra li theo ca ch s hu..

6.6 Ph duyt bt k ng c vin no trong cch thc ny nn tun th cc mc tham

chiu trong API 510 v 570 v khng c coi l chng nhn hoc chng thc API di
bt k hnh thc no.

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