BI GING

IN CNG NGHIP

V.1
 IN CNG NGHIP

I. GII THIU MN HC
1. Tn mn hc: in Cng Nghip

2. M s mn hc: CK367

3. Cu trc mn hc:
a) Tng s l thuyt: 45
b) S l thuyt: 30
c) S thc hnh: 30

4. Tm tt ni dung chnh mn hc: Trang b cho sinh vin nhng kin thc c bn v
h thng in, an ton in v cc kh c in h p dng trong dn dng v cng
nghip. Trn c s c c nhng hiu bit cn thit v kh nng phn tch, la ch
v thit k cc mch in t ng iu khin trong dy dy chuyn sn xut. Ngoi ra,
mn hc ny cng nhm cung cp cho sinh vin kh nng thit k chiu sng, tnh chn
dy dn, cc thit b ng ngt, bo v cho cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip v kin
thc v lp t in cng nghip.

5. i tng s dng: c kh, cng thn, cng ngh ho, xy dng, k thut in

6. Hnh thc ng gi:

a) Kim tra gia k (40%) (nh gia thng qua kt qu thc hnh v bo co
trn lp )
b) Thi kt thc hc phn (60%) (Trc nghim + t lun)

V.2
 IN CNG NGHIP
CHNG 1:
KHI QUT V H THNG CUNG CP IN

1.1. NGUN NNG LNG T NHIN V C IM CA NNG

LNG IN
- Ngun nng lng xung quanh chng ta rt phong ph v di do.
- in nng trong qu trnh sn xut v phn phi c ba c im ch
yu sau y:
in nng sn xut ra khng tch tr c.
Qu trnh v in xy ra rt nhanh.
Cng nghip in lc c lin quan chc ch n nhiu ngnh kinh
t quc dn.

1.2. CC DNG NGUN IN

1.2.1. Nh my nhit in
- nh my nhit in, s bin i nng lng c thc hin theo
nguyn l sau:

Nhit nng C nng in nng

V.3
 - Nhin liu dng t l l than , than bn, kh t, cc loi du
nng, tre, v.v
- Hi nc c nhit v p sut cao (khong 5500C, 250at/cm2).
- Nh my nhit in c hai loi l nh my nhit in trch hi v nh
my nhit in ngng hi.
- Nh my nhit in c nhng c im sau:
Thng xy dng gn ngun nhin liu.
Vic khi ng v tng ph ti chm.
Khi lng tiu th nhin liu ln.
Thi khi lm nhim mi trng.
Hiu sut khang 30% n 70%.
Nguyn l hot ng ca nh my nhit in trch hi. Hnh 1.1.

Hnh 1.1: Qu trnh sn xut in nng trong nh my nhit in trch hi

V.4
 1.2.2. Nh my in nguyn t
- Dng cc l phn ng ht nhn cung cp nhit cho nh my.
- Phn hy 1kg U235 to ra nhit nng tng ng vi t 2900 tn
than .
- Nh my in nguyn t c nhng c im sau:
Khi lng nhin liu nh.
Khng thi khi ra ngoi kh quyn.
Vn u t xy dng ln.
Hiu sut cao hn nh my nhit in.
- Nguyn l hot ng ca nh my in nguyn t. Hnh 1.2.

Hnh 1.2: L phn ng ht nhn trong nh my in nguyn t

1.2.3. Nh my thy in
- nh my thy in, thy nng c bin thnh in nng.

V.5
 - c im ca nh my thy in:
Khng gy nhim mi trng.
Thit b tng i n gin, gn nh hon ton t ng.
S ngi vn hnh rt t.
Gi thnh sn xut 1kWh in nng r nht.
Thi gian nhn ti ca nh my thy in rt nhanh.
- Ngoi kiu nh my thy in thng thng cn c nh my thy
in tch nng.
- Nguyn l hot ng ca nh my thy in. Hnh 1.3.

Hnh 1.3: Qu trnh sn xut in nng ca nh my thy in

- Ngoi ra cn c cc nh my in khc nh: in mt tri, in gi,

V.6
 a nhit, t thy ng, tua bin kh,

1.3. TRUYN TI V PHN PHI

- in nng sau khi c sn xut cc nh my in s c truyn
ti, phn phi n cc h tiu th in nh mng li in.
- in p ra cc nh my in thng thng khang 6 n 10,5 kV.
- V mt nguyn cu , tnh ton, h thng in c phn chia thnh:
Li h thng (110kV, 220kV, 500kV).
Li truyn ti (35kV, 110kV, 220kV).
Li phn phi trung p (6, 10, 15, 22, 35kV).
Li phn phi h p (0,4/0,22kV).

Mng in
Khch hng Khc hng
lnh vc cng lnh vc cng Khch hng lnh Khch hng
nghip ln nghip va v vc thng mi, lnh vc dn
nh th dng

Mng 35/15 15/5

chnh 5/0.21

34.5 KV 15 KV 5 KV 120/240 V

V.7
 4-34.5 kV 138-1100 kV

34.5-161 kV

4-34.5 kV
(thng 22 kV)

380/220 V

1.4. H TIU TH IN
- H tiu th in loi 1.
- H tiu th in loi 2. - H tiu th in loi 3.

V.8
 stand by stand by MW
MW
Spinning reserve
Shut down Peak load Shut down
G# NG

G#.. stand by

G#3
A A
G#2

G#1

0 24 hr

MW
Thay i ti rt
nhanh 1.3% of the annual energy peak load
Diesel engines
Thay i ti nhanh
40.7% of the annual energy intermediate
Thy in
Ti n nh
in ht nhn
58% of the annual energy
Nhit in (than) base load
Gas turbines

0 20 40 60 80 100 [%] hours

V.9
1.5. MT VI NT V TNH HNH IN NNG NC TA
- Tnh hnh sn xut in nng nc ta hin nay rt pht trin.
- Nm 2020 Vit Nam s c nh my in nguyn t u tin.
- Nm 2015 Vit Nam s c nh my thy in ln nht ng Nam
(Sn La 2400MW ).

Bng 1. Cng sut thit k cc nh my in tnh ti 31/12/2004

Cng sut thit k (MW)

Tn nh my
Nm 2003 Nm 2004
Tng cng sut pht ca ton b h 9896 11340
thng in Vit Nam

Cng sut lp t ca cc nh my 8375 8822

in thuc EVN

Nh my thu in 4155 4155

Ho Bnh 1920 1920

Thc B 120 120

Tr An 420 420

a Nhim - Sng Pha 167 167

Thc M 150 150

Vnh Sn 66 66
Ialy 720 720

Sng Hinh 70 70
Hm Thun - a Mi 476 476
Thu in nh 46 46

V.10
Nh my nhit in than 1245 1245
Ph Li 1 440 440

Ph Li 2 600 600
Ung B 105 105

Ninh Bnh 100 100

Nh my nhit in du (FO) 198 198

Th c 165 165
Cn Th 33 33

Tua bin kh (kh + du) 2489 2939

B Ra 389 389

Ph M 2-1 732 732

Ph M 1 1090 1090

Ph M 4 450

Th c 128 128
Cn Th 150 150

Diezen 288 285

Cng sut lp t ca cc IPP 1521 2518

V.11
 - Hin nay, h thng truyn ti Vit Nam bao gm ba cp in p:
500kV, 220kV v 110kV.
- H thng phn phi trung p 35kV, 22kV v 15kV.

Bng 3: S pht trin ca h thng truyn ti nm 2004

TT Khi lng 2002 2003 2004

1 Tng chiu di ng dy 500 kV 1.530 1.530 2.469
(km)

2 Tng chiu di ng dy 220 kV 4.188 4.649 4.794

(km)

3 Tng chiu di ng dy 110 kV 8.411 8.965 9.820

(km)

5 Tng dung lng lp t TBA 2.250 3.150 4.050

500 kV (MVA)

6 Tng dung lng lp t TBA 8.949 9.077 11.190

220 kV (MVA)

7 Tng dung lng lp t TBA 10.806 11.369 14.998

110 kV (MVA)

V.12
- th ph ti ngy 1 thng 6 nm 2004 ca Vit Nam.
8000

7000

6000

5000
Peak load [MW]

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
hour

- th ph ti tun th nht thng 6 nm 2004 ca Vit Nam.

8000

7000

6000
Pe a k lo a d [M W ]

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 156
[hours/week]

CHNG 2:

V.13
 AN TON IN

2.1. KHI NIM CHUNG

- Khi c dng in chy qua ngi s gy ra hin tng in git.

2.2. CC TC HI KHI C DNG IN I QUA NGI

- Khi dng in i qua c th ngi s gy nn nhng phn ng sinh
hc phc tp.
- Mc nguy him i vi nn nhn b tai nn in ph thuc nhiu
yu t nh:
Bin dng in.
ng i ca dng in.
Thi gian tn ti.
Tn s dng in.
Trnh trng sc khe.

V.14
Bng 1: Ngng gi tr Ing gii hn gy tc hi ln c th ngi
Tc hi i vi ngi
Ing (mA)
in AC (f = 50 60 (Hz)) in DC
0,6 - 1,5 Bt u thy t Cha c cm gic
23 T tng mnh Cha c cm gic
57 Bp tht bt u co au nh b kim m
8 10 Tay khng ri vt c in Nng tng dn
20 25 Tay khng ri vt c in, bt u kh
Bp tht co v rung
th
50 80 Tay kh ri vt c in,
T lit h hp, tim bt u p mnh
bt u kh th
90 - 100 Nu ko di vi t 3 s tim ngng p H hp t lit

- Cc gii hn dng in nguy him i vi ngi nh sau:

I gii hn nguy him AC 10 mA
I gii hn nguy him DC 50 mA

2.3. NGUYN NHN XY RA TAY NN V IN

- Do trnh t chc, qun l cng tc lp t, xy dng, sa cha
cng trnh in cha tt.
- Do vi phm quy trnh k thut an ton, ng in khi c ngi ang
sa cha, tc vn hnh thit b in khng ng qui trnh.
- Tai nn v in thng xy ra cp in p U 1000 V.
Chm gin tip.
Chm trc tip.
- Tai nn do s phng in h quang.

V.15
 - Tai nn xy ra do in p bc.
2.4. CC BIN PHP BO V AN TON
2.4.1. Tip t bo v
- S tip t bo v kiu IT

2.4.2. Ni dy trung tnh

- Bo v ni t dy trung tnh kiu TN - C.

V.16
 2.4.3. Cc phng tin bo v - cp cu ngi b tai nn in.

2.5. CHNG ST V NI T
2.5.1. c tnh ca st

- St l s phng in trong kh quyn gia m my vi t, m my

vi m my mang cc in tch tri du.
- Bin st l 50 100 kA.

2.5.2. Bo v cc cng trnh xy dng i vi st nh trc tip

- Bo v chng st kiu c in

2.5.3. Chng st cho cc cng trnh bng h thng chng st mi

- S dng u kim dn st Prevectron2
- n bt st nh trn nhng u thu st t trn khng trung

V.17
 - Truyn dn dng in st i xung t nhanh chng, m bo.

Dy dn dng in st xung dt

- Hin nay cc cng trnh chng st a s s dng dy ng trn c tit

din 2x70 mm2 dn dng st. Dy c trong ng cch in PVC.
- Bn knh bo v Rp ca u kim dn st Prevectron2 c tnh theo
cng thc:

R p = h (2D h ) + L(2D + L )
Trong : D = 20m, 45m, 60m ty thuc vo cp bo v yu cu.
h chiu cao thc ca u kim
L(m) = 106 . T( s )
- bit c gi tr li thi gian T( s ) ta tra bng 2.2 (bi ging)

V.18
 - xc nh c cp bo v cho cng trnh ta tm hiu bng 1, ph
lc 4 (GT k thut an ton).

* Cp bo v cao nht (I): D = 20m

Max 20
h(m) > 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 15
m
S6.60 31 47 63 79 79 79 79 79 80 80
S4.50 27 41 55 68 69 69 69 69 70 70
S3.40 23 35 46 58 58 59 59 59 60 60
TS3.40 23 35 46 58 58 59 59 59 60 60
TS2.25 17 25 34 42 43 43 43 44 45 45

2.5.4. Ni t

- i vi ni t chng st trang b ni t phi tha mn R 0,5 .

- i vi ni t an ton in tr ni t R 10 .
- Ta ch cn xy dng mt h thng ni t cho c chng st v an ton.
- C th s dng h thng ct thp ca cng trnh lm trang b ni t.

Chng 3:
KH C IN

3.1. PHN LOI KH C IN

- Kh c in l nhng thit b in dng ng, ct, iu khin, iu
chnh v bo v li in, my in, mch in,
V.19
3.2. S PHT SINH H QUANG V S PHT NNG CA KH C
IN
- Phng in h quang ch xy ra khi cc dng in c tr s ln (>
0,5A)
- Dng in chy trong vt dn lm cho kh c in nng ln.

3.3. MT S KH C IN THNG DNG

3.3.1. p t mt dng cc i

- Cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca p t mt dng cc i v in p

thp.

(1) - l xo
(2) - cc tip im
(3) - ngm
(4) - n by
(5) - cun dy
V.20 (6) - gi
(7) - ly
 - Thng thng cc CB trong cng nghip c c tnh thi gian - dng
in nh sau:
t (s)
10000

10

0,05
0,01
1 10 B is c a dng i n

- K hiu trn bn v ca ptmt

3.3.2. Cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca p t mt chng git mt pha

V.21
3.3.3. Cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca p t mt chng git ba pha

- Thng s k thut v cch la chn p t mt

I cpA I lv . pt

Inm > Ik

Iqt = (1,1 1,2). Itt

U cpA U lv .l

V.22
 3.3.4. Cng tc t

- Cng tc t l loi kh c in dng ng ngt mch in ng lc

bng tay (thng qua b nt n) hoc t ng.

1 - tip im chnh 2 - tay n 3 - tip im ph

4 - li thp ng 5 - l xo 6 - vng chng rung

7 - li thp tnh 8 - cun dy

- Cc k hiu ca cng tc t trn bn v

K13

K1 K12 K14

V.23
- Cc thng s k thut ca cng tc t
Im = (1,2 1,5).Itt

Um Ulv

3.3.5. Rle nhit

Rle nhit l loi kh c in t ng ng, ct tip im nh s co dn

v nhit ca cc thanh kim loi.

(1) - n by
(2) - cc tip im thng ng
(3) - tip im thng m
(4) - vt iu chnh
(5) - thanh lng kim
(6) - cu ni
(7) - dy t nng
(8) - cn gt
3.3.6. Rle thi gian in t

- Rle thi gian c dng nhiu trong cc mch t ng iu khin.

N c tc dng lm tr qu trnh ng, m cc tip im sau mt khong
thi gian ch nh no .

Khi rle
V.24
 - Nguyn l hot ng ca loi rle ON DELAY

+ R - Cun dy

C Thng ng m chm
K VR
RL

Thng m ng chm
K2
K1
Nguyn l hot ng ca rle thi gian in t kiu OFF DELAY
Cun ht
+ K2 _

Tip im ph
K1

RL
K
Thng m m chm
VR
V.25
C
 3.3.7. Rle tc

- y l loi kh c in dng ng, ngt mch in khi tc ng c

t n mt tr s no .

(1) - trc quay (roto)

(2) - nam chm vnh cu
(3) - stato
(4) - cn tc ng

V.26
 3.3.8. Cng tc chuyn mch

- L loi kh c in ng, ngt nh ngoi lc (c th bng tay hoc

iu khin qua mt c cu no ). Bao gm; Cng tc gt, Cng tc hnh
trnh, Cng tc xoay, Cng tc n, Cng tc n xoay (nt dng khn cp),
Cng tc tc c kho (kho in),

V.27
Cng tc gt Cng tc hnh trnh

Cng tc xoay Cng tc n - xoay Cng tc c kho

- K hiu cng tc

Cng tc 1 ng Cng tc 2 ng Cng tc 3 ng

3.3.9. Nt n

- L loi kh c in dng ng ngt cc thit b in bng tay.

Nt n thng m

V.28
Nt n thng ng
 3.3.10. Cu ch

L loi kh c in dng bo v thit b in v li in khi b s

c qu ti hoc ngn mch

- K hiu ca cu ch trn bn v k thut

V.29
 Cu ch thng thng Cu ch t ri ba pha

3.3.11. Cc loi cm bin

- Cm bin nhit

- Cm bin quang

3.4. M T S K HI U THNG D NG TRONG I N CNG NGHI P

BNG 1: Bng so snh cch v mt s k hiu thng gp

Vit
STT M Nht Ty u ngha
nam

01 Tip im thng m, ng chm

02 Tip im thng ng, m chm

03 Tip im thng m

04 Tip im thng ng

Chng 4: MT S MCH IN CNG NGHIP

V.30
4.1. Mch khi ng ng c in ba pha bng khi ng t n

L1
L2
L3
N

CB 220V AC

FUSE OFF ON K11 OLR

K11

OLR K12

4.2. Mch in m my ng c in ba pha c th nhp

L1
L2
L3
N
220V AC
CB
OFF JOG ON K1 OLR
FUSE

K11 K12

OLR

M
4.3. Mch m my ng c xoay chiu ba pha ti 2 v tr
L1
L2 V.31
L3
4.4. Mch m my ng c lng sc qua cun cm khng
L1
L2
L3
N
CB
FUSE
OFF 220 V AC
ON K1 OLR
T11
K12 K11
K
T12 K2
K22

T1

OLR

M
V.32
 L1
L2
4.5. Mch khi ng sao_tam gic
L3
N

CB
FUSE

220V AC
OFF ON T11 K2 OLR
K32 K11

K11
OLR
T12 K3
K22
K31

T1

K1
K21

4.6. Mch o chiu ng c in ba pha L1

L2
L3
N
CB
FUSE
220V AC

OFF ON2 ON1 K1 OLR

K23 K11
K12

K2
K13 OLR

K22
V.33
M
4.7. Mch in t ng gii hn hnh trnh
A B
LS 2 LS 1
1 2
220V AC

OFF ON2 ON1 K1 OLR

K23 LS11

K12

K2
K13 LS21

K22

L1
L2
L3
N

CB

FUSE

K11 K21

OLR

V.34
4.8. Hm ng nng dng ngun mt chiu L1
L2
L3
N

CB
+ -
FUSE
220V AC

OFF ON K1 OLR K11

K23

K12

K2 OLR
T11 K13
K22
T1
M

4.9. Mch hm ngc

L1
L2
L3
N

CB
220V AC FUSE
ON
OFF K1 OLR
K23
K12
K11 K21

K2
T11
K13
T12 OLR
TV.35
1
4.10. Mch iu khin ng c rto lng sc qua hai cp tc kiu
/YY

220V AC
K1
OFF ON1 ON2 K23 OLR1 OLR2

K2 L1
K13
L2
K12 K22 L3
K3
N

CB

FUSE

K21

K11

OLR2

OL

4C1
V.36
2C1 2C3
4.11. Mch in t ng chuyn ngun in cho ng c khi ngun
chnh b s s mt in

L1 L1

L2 L2
L3 L3
N N

CB CB

FUSE K1 FUSE K2
K22 RL1 K12 RL2

RL

K11 K21

4.12. Mch in m my ng c theo th t

220V AC

OFF1 ON1 K1 OLR1

K12 V.37
ON2 OFF2 K2 OLR2
 L1
L2
L3
N

CB CB CB

FUSE FUSE FUSE

K11 K21 K31

OLR1 OLR2 OLR3

M1 M2 M3

4.13. Mch iu khin mt ng c chy tt lun phin

L1
L2
L3
N
220 V AC
CB OFF ON K1
T11 T13 OLR
V.38
FUSE
RL1
4.14. Mch t ng ng in cho ng c d phng khi ng c chy
chnh b s c
220V AC
ON
OFF K1 OLR1
SW K23

K12
RL2 K2 OLR2
K22
K13

RL1
RL

L1

L2

L3
N

CB

FUSE

V.39
 Chng 5: K THUT CHIU SNG

5.1. CC KHI NIM C BN

5.1.1. Quang thng: ( n v Luymen, vit tt Lm)
Quang thng l thng lng bc x t mt ngun sng m mt ngi
c th cm nhn c.

5.1.2. Cng sng I (n v Cadela, vit tt Cd)

5.1.3. ri E (n v Lux, vit tt Lx)

Ngi ta nh ngha ri E l mt quang thng ri trn b mt S
m n chiu sng.
Bng 5.1:
ri ri
Mi trng Mi trng
(Lux) (Lux)
Ngoi tri, bui tra 100.000 Nh 159 300
Tri c my 2.000 Ph c chiu sng 20 50
Trng trn 0.25 Phng lm vic 400 600

5.1.4. chi L (n v Cd/m2 hay nit)

chi L l mt phn b cng I trn b mt S theo mt phng
cho trc.

5.1.5. H s phn x
H s phn x ca mt vt th l t l gia quang thng thy c
phn x ca mt vt th ny r vi quang thng ti t
V.40
5.2. K THUT CHIU SNG
5.2.1. Chn ri

Bng 5.3:
i tng Chu
USA Php Nga Vit nam
u
Hnh chnh
- Hnh chnh, nh my, my 500 500 - 1000 500 300 200 - 300
tnh
- Phng v, thit k 750 500 - 1000 1000 500 400
- Phng hp, hi ngh 500 500 - 1000 750 -1000 200 150
Trng hc
- Phng hc, ging ng 300 200 - 500 300 300 200
- Phng th nghim, th vin,
phng c 500 500 - 1000 500 500 200
Ca hng
- Ca hng t phc v 300 200 - 500 300 300 150
- Siu th 500 500 - 1000 500 400 200
- Phng trng by 750 500 - 1000 500 300 200
- Kho 500 500 - 1000 150 75 75
Nh
- P Khch 100 50 - 200 200 100 75
- P c, may v, 500 500 - 1000 300 - 700 200-300 200
- P ng 150 100 - 200 200 100 30
- Nh tm 100 100 - 200 150 50 30
- Trang im 500 200 - 500 400 200 200
- Nh bp chung 300 200 - 500 300 100 75
- Vng nu bp 500 500 - 1000 300 100 200

V.41
 5.2.2. Chn loi n
C nhiu loi n, tu theo tnh cht v mc ch cng vic chng ta
chn loi n khc nhau.

5.2.3. Chn kiu chiu sng

Tu theo mc ch v tnh nng s dng m c nhiu kiu chiu sng
khc nhau:
Chiu sng trc tip: Cc lai n thng dng l lai A n E.
Chiu sng bn trc tip: Cc lai n dng cho n l t F n J.
Chiu sng hn hp: Cc lai n dng cho n l t K n N.
Chiu sng bn trc tip: Cc lai n dng cho n l t O n S.
Chiu sng gin tip: Cc lai n ny dng lai n T

5.2.4. Chn b n
Cc loi n thng c trong cc catolog ca cc nh ch to.

5.2.5. Chn chiu cao treo n

Nu gi h l chiu cao n i vi b mt lm vic v h l chiu cao t
n ln trn, ta c t s treo J l:
h
J= Vi h 2h; ta c 1/3 J 0 l hp l nht.
h + h'

V.42
5.3. PHNG PHP TNH TON CHIU SNG
5.3.1. Phng php h s s dng

E min .K .S p E
tt . =
n K
Trong :
Emin: ri ti thiu ca khu vc lm vic.
K: H s d tr, chn theo ph lc.
Sp: Din tch phng c chiu sng m2
n: S lng n.
K: H s s dng quang thng (%) tra theo bng tnh sn.
E: T s gia ri trung bnh v ri ti thiu Etb/Emin.

* Xc nh cc h s tnh ton
+ H s s dng quang thng K
+ T s E
+ H s d tr K

Bng: Cc thng s ca mt s loi n hynh quang

Quang
Cng sut Chiu di ng knh
Mu sc thng
(W) (mm) (mm)
(lm)
6 212 16 Mu trng Z 200
8 288 16 Mu trn Z 330
20 590 38 Mu trng Z 930
20 590 38 Mu trng 3500 1100

V.43
 20 590 38 Trng cng nghip 1150
20 590 38 Sng lc 1000
40 1200 38 Trng Z 2450
40 1200 38 Trng 3500 2900
40 1200 38 Trngcng nghip 3200
40 1200 38 Sng lc 2450
80 1500 38 Mu trng Z 4550
65 1500 38 Mu trng Z 3750
80 1500 38 Trng cng nghip 5900
65 1500 38 Trng cng nghip 5100

Bng: H s d tr K i vi mt s n trong mi trng.

H s d tr K
Tnh cht cc phng n hynh n nung S ln lau
quang sng bng n
Cc phng c nhiu bi 2,0 1,7 4ln/thng
Cc phng c bi, khi trung bnh 1,8 1,5 3 ln/thng
Phng t bi, m hng 1,5 1,3 2 ln/ thng

5.3.2. Phng php tnh ton chiu sng theo n v cng sut
- n v cng sut p c tnh bng Watt/m2 v c mi quan h:

p =
Pd
tc
S p

V.44
Bng 5.9: n v cng sut tiu chun
Htt E (lux)
2
5 10 20 30 50 75 100 150 200
(m) Sp(m )
10 15 3.1 5.8 10 14 21 28 34 52 68
15 25 2.5 4.7 8.5 11.3 17 24 29 43 58
25 50 2.2 4 7 9.4 14 20 24 36 48
23
50 150 1.9 3.6 6.3 8.5 12.2 17 19 29 38
150 300 1.7 3.2 5.7 7.5 11.3 16 19 28 37
> 300 1.6 3 5.4 7 10.7 15 18 26 35
10 15 4.1 7 12 16 24 34 44 66 88
20 30 3.5 6 10.3 13.5 21 29 38 56 75
30 40 2.9 5.2 8.7 12.2 18 25 32 48 64
34 40 50 2.4 4.2 7 9.9 14.6 21 26 38 51
50 120 2 3.6 5.9 8 12.2 17.4 21 31 42
120 300 1.7 3.2 5.2 7 11.3 15 19 28 37
> 300 1.6 2.7 4.7 6.6 10.3 14 17 25 34
14
10 17 4.9 8.3 20 31 45 58 86 115
11.3
17 25 3.9 6.6 15.3 25 35 46 68 91
9.4
25 35 3.2 5.5 13 21 30 38 56 75
8
35 50 2.8 4.7 11.3 18 25 31 47 62
46 6.6
50 80 2.3 3.9 9.4 14 21 26 38 51
5.5
80 150 1.9 3.1 8 11.7 16.4 23 34 45
4.7
150 400 1.6 2.6 6.6 10.3 14.6 20 30 40
4.2
> 400 1.4 2.3 5.9 9.4 13 18 26 15

V.45
Bng: n v cng sut ptc dng cho n neon hynh quang 36 40W vi
trn v tng c mu bt k.
n neon 36 40W vi mu trn v tng bt k
Htt
E (Lux)
(m) 2
75 100 150 200 300 400 500
Sp(m )
10 15 8.3 11 16.6 22 33 44 55
15 25 7.1 9.5 14.2 19 28 38 47
25 50 6.2 8.3 12.4 16.6 25 33 41
23
50 150 5.4 7.2 10.8 11.4 21 29 36
150 300 4.9 6.2 9.8 13 19.6 26 32
> 300 46 6.1 9.2 12.2 18.4 24 31
10 15 12.2 16.2 24.4 32 49 65 81
15 20 9.6 12.8 19.2 26 38 51 64
20 30 8.1 10.8 16.2 22 32 43 53
34 30 50 7 9.4 14 18.4 28 37 46
50 120 6.1 8.1 12.2 16.2 24 32 40
120 300 5.4 7.2 10.8 14.4 21 29 35
> 300 4.9 6.5 9.8 13 19 26 32
10 17 17 23 34.4 46 68 92 114
17 25 13.5 18 27 36 54 72 90
25 35 10.8 14.5 21.6 29 43 58 72
35 50 8.8 11.8 17.6 24 35 47 58
46
50 80 7.5 10 15 20 30 40 50
80 150 6.4 8.7 12.8 17 25 34 42
150 400 5.7 7.6 11.4 15.2 23 30 38
> 400 5 6.6 10 13.2 20 26 33

V.46
 - Tnh tng cng sut dn cn dng trong phng:

P = p tc .S p
- Xc nh c s lng n cn thit:

n =
P
P tc

Chng 6: K THUT LP T IN CNG NGHIP

6.1. MT S PH KIN LP T IN CNG NGHIP

- cm r le - Thanh ci
- Bt u dy - Mng lng dy
- ng lng dy PVC - nh s u dy
- Tht dy - Bng dn dy
- Xon dy - u ct

V.47
6.2. K THUT U, NI DY DN

6.2.1. Mt s dng c cm tay thng dng phc v cng tc lp t

in cng nghip.
1. Km tut dy chuyn dng 2. Km ct dy
3. Km bm 4. Chm du
5. Dao ct ng nha chuyn dng 6. Km ct ng
7. Dng c ct ng kim loi

6.2.2. K thut u dy n cng

V.48
a) Ni thng (d < 3 mm)

b) Ni r nhnh

V.49
6.3.2. K thut u dy mm
a) Ni dy mm thng

b) Ni dy mm r nhnh

6.3. GHP NI NG TRN, VUNG PVC

V.50
V.51
6.4. K THUT LP T T PHN PHI IN H P
* Trong mt t phn phi in h p thng c trang b cc thit b
sau:
1. V t 2. My bin dng
3. p t mt chnh 4. Cng t o m in nng
5. ng h o dng in xoay chiu 6. ng h o in p xoay
chiu
7. p t mt nhnh 8. Thanh ci
9. Bt u dy 10. Cp in

* Cc bc tin hnh ch yu khi lp t t phn phi in h p.

V.52
 Bc 1: Chun b thit b, vt liu theo yu cu trn s nguyn l v
s b tr thit b
Bc 2: G lp thit b trn thanh ci theo s b tr thit b
Bc 3: Lp t t chnh v thit b o m in nng. Nu s dng
cng t 3 pha o trc tip th ta u theo s hnh 6.13. nu s dng cng
t 3 pha o gin tip th ta u dy theo s 6.14.
Bc 4: u ng h o dng in, in p
Bc 5: u p t mt nhnh
Bc 6: Hot ng th.
- S u cng t in 3 pha khng c bin dng

- S u cng t in 3 pha c bin dng.

V.53
V.54