Phn 1.

Bi tp v ng lng :
1. Tnh ng lng cc cht trong phn ng trao i sau:

STT Tnh Tnh trong phan ng: Cho A

a. H2SO4 + NaCl = NaHSO4 + HCl H2SO4 = 98;
H 2 SO4

b. Na2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + NaCl; Na2SO4 = 142
Na 2 SO 4

c. NaHSO4 + NaOH = Na2SO4 + H2O NaHSO4 = 120
NaHSO 4

d. H3PO4 + NaOH = NaH2PO4 + H2O H3PO4 = 98
H 3 PO 4

NaH2PO4 =
e. NaH2PO4 + NaOH = Na3PO4 + H2O
NaH 2 PO 4 120
KOH
KOH = 56,
f. KOH + H3PO4 = K2HPO4 + H2O ;
H3PO4 = 98
H 3 PO 4

Al = 27, O =
g. Al(OH)3 + NaOH = NaAlO2 + H2O
Al( OH ) 3 16
Al = 27; O =
h. Al(OH)3 + H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + H2O ;
Al( OH ) 3 16.
Na = 23, Al =
NaAlO2 + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + Al2(SO4)3 +
i. 27;
NaAlO 2 H2O O = 16;
1. Tnh ng lng cc cht trong phn ng oxi ha kh sau:

STT Tnh Tnh trong phan ng: Cho A

Fe3O4 =
a. Fe 3 O4 8Al + 3Fe3O4 = 4Al2O3 + 9Fe
232
b. NH 3 4NH3 + 3O2 = 2N2 + 6H2O NH3 = 17
4Zn + 10HNO3 = 4Zn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 +
c. HNO 3 HNO3 = 63
3H2O
Fe3O4 + 10HNO3 = 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 +
d. HNO 3 HNO3 = 63
5H2O
H2SO4 =
e. 2Al + 4H2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + S + 4H2O
H 2 SO4 98
f. HClO 3 3H2S + 4HClO3 = 4HCl + 3H2SO4 Cl = 35,5
O = 16
g. H 2O 2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O = 2NaAl(OH)4 + 3H2
H=1

h. O3 2KI + O3 + H2O = I2 + 2KOH + O2 O=16

cho F =
i. F2 2F2 + 2H2O = 4HF + O2
19.

Phn 2. H thc bt nh Heisenberg v Gi thuyt Lng tnh sng ht De Broglie

1. Kho st tnh cht sng cho 2 loi vt th vi cc thng s sau y:
a) Tnh di bc sng theo m cho mt proton vi khi lng bng 1,67.10 24 g, khi chuyn ng c ng
nng bng 1000 eV.
2. a) Hy xc nh bt nh nh nht v tc ca mt qu bng c khi lng bng 500 gam, bit rng
n mt v tr no trong khng gian c mt khong l 1 m trn mt dng c chi bng.
b) Mt vin n c khi lng l 5 gam c bn i vi tc vo khong 35.10 6 1 m.s1. Hy xc nh
bt nh nh nht v v tr ca vin n ny.
3. Hy tnh bc sng lin kt de Broglie cho cc trng hp sau v cho nhn xt:
a) Mt vt c khi lng 1,0 g chuyn ng vi tc 1,0 cm.s1.
b) i vi vt th cng c khi lng nh th, nhng chuyn ng vi tc 1000 km.s1.
c) nhit phng, mt nguyn t He chuyn ng vi vn tc 1000 m.s1. Cho He = 4,003.

4. a)Mt electron chuyn ng vi vn tc 2,05.106 m/s, c o vi chnh xc l 1,5%. Hy xc

nh chnh xc v ta ca electron
b) Electron chuyn ng trong nguyn t c bt nh v ta bng kch thc phn t (c 1)
th bt nh v ng lng v vn tc ca electron l bao nhiu
c) Mt qu bng golf nng 45g bay vi vn tc 35m/s php o c chnh xc l 1,5%, hy xc nh
bt nh v ta ca bng trn. So snh kt qu thu c vi cu a).

Phn 3. Bi tp v cu to nguyn t v BHTTH

1. Vit cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t c s hiu nguyn t sau :
a) Mn (Z=25) b) Br (Z=35)
c) Ag (Z=47) d) I (Z=53)
e) Ni (Z=28)
2. Vit cu hnh cc nguyn t sau bit v tr trong bng HTTH
a) Cu: Chu k 4, Nhm IB (PNP nhm I) b) Cd: Chu k 5, Nhm IIB (PNP nhm II)
c) Cl: Chu k 3, Nhm VIIA (PNC nhm VII d) Ca: Chu k 5, Nhm I
e) Cr: Chu k 4, Nhm VI
3. Vit cu hnh v xc nh v tr trong BHTTH ca mt s nguyn t sau:
a) Mt nguyn t X c cc phn lp ngoi cng nh sau: 4d105s1.
b) Nguyn t Y c phn lp ngoi cng l 4s24p2
c) Nguyn t Z c phn lp ngoi cng l 4s1
d) Nguyn t T c phn lp ngoi cng l 3d104s1
e) Nguyn t U c phn lp ngoi cng l 3s23p2
4. C 2 nguyn t cc chu k 3 v 4 thuc nhm IVA. Vit cu hnh ca cc nguyn t v ion R+2, R+4.
5. Vit cu hnh nguyn t Fe (Z=26). Vit cu hnh e ca ion Fe2+ , Fe3+.
6. Ion R3+ c 2 phn lp ngoi cng l 3p63d2.
a. Vit cu hnh e ca R, R3+ di dng ch v .
b. Xc nh Z, chu k, nhm, phn nhm ca R.
c. Vit cng thc oxit cao nht ca R.
d. Nu cc b tr s c th c ca 4 s lng t i vi 2 electron 3d2 ca R3+
Tng hp :
7. a. Viet cau hnh electron cua cac nguyen to thuoc chu k 4, nhom IV.
b. Hay cho biet cac so lng t phu va so lng t t cua cac AO
thuoc phan lp co (n+l) cao nhat cua nguyen t cua nguyen to co tnh
phi kim yeu hn.
8. a. Viet cau hnh electron cua cac nguyen to thuoc chu k 4, nhom II
b. Hay cho biet cac so lng t phu va so lng t t cua cac AO
thuoc phan lp electron ngoai cung cua nguyen t cua nguyen to co
tnh kim loai manh hn.
Nguyen to co tnh kim loai manh hn nhom IIA
phan lp e ngoai cung cua nguyen t kim loai manh hn la 4s : n= 4; l= 0;
m= 0
9. a. Viet cau hnh electron cua nguyen to X1 co Z=31.
b. Viet cau hnh electron cua nguyen to X 2 cung chu k song khac phan
nhom vi X1.
Hay cho biet gia tr cua cac so lng t phu, so lng t t va hnh
dang cua AO thuoc phan lp electron ngoai cung cua nguyen t X2.
10. a. Ion X+ co phan lp ngoai cung la 3d 10. Viet cau hnh electron cho X
va X2+.
b. Xac nh so th t , chu ky va phan nhom cua X?
Z = 29; thuoc chu k 4, phan nhom IB, X2+: 1s22s22p63s2 3p63d9
Phn 4. Bi tp v cu to phn t lin kt ha hc:
1. Cho cc phn t O2+, O2, N2, C2, F2+, F2.
a. V gin nng lng cc MO v cu hnh e ca cc phn t .
b. Tnh bc lin kt trong cc phn t.
c. Nhn xt v bn lin kt v di lin kt.
d. Nhn xt v t tnh ca cc hp cht.
2. a) Hay cho biet kha nang tao lien ket cong hoa tr bang so electron
oc than cua F, biet Z(F)=9.
b) Hay cho biet kha nang tao lien ket cong hoa tr bang electron oc
than cua C, biet Z(C)=6.
c) Hay cho biet kha nang tao lien ket cong hoa tr bang so electron
oc than cua Cl, biet Z(Cl) = 17. So sanh vi kha nang tao lien ket cong
hoa tr cua F, giai thch
d) Hay cho biet kha nang tao lien ket cong hoa tr bang so electron
oc than cua Be (Z(Be) = 4).
3. a) Cho cac phan t CHCl3, CH4, NH3, BeCl2, BeCl42- . Hay cho biet dang lai hoa
cua cac nguyen t trung tam. Nguyen t trung tam co hoa tr may?
Phan t nao phan cc? Biet Z(C) = 6, Z(Be) = 4, Z(Cl) = 17, Z(H) = 1.