Introduction:

Nowadays greater number of people and organizations in the world are concerned about the child
labour. Several research studies on child labour and numerous research projects published also
several books on this topic. The concerns staunch from the kind of work children are engaged, the
vast majority of children working and some of them even life-threatening physical or mental or
seriously damaged, and causing part. The number of working children in the world recent days, more
than anybody can think, although it is difficult to get more than just an overall estimate of civility.
This is the first of many kinds of child labour were reported, and partly because in many countries no
desire or incentive to calculate child worker job numbers. However, we assume that it is a statistical
technique that 211 million children aged 5 to 14 years, and an additional 141 million children
between 15 and 17 of "economically active", i.e. are involved in some type of work.

Most people want to improve the condition of children in child labour because they are studying.
Why do they send children to work, school and relationships education and how it works, if the
children need to do that by asking a lot of questions about what the nature of their work, and the
condition of job, health, and may even be a good thing about the child labour on whether the
benefit.

Affect of ILO on child labour:

IPEC (International program on the elimination of child labour) aiming to progressive on elimination
of child labour, the elimination of its worst forms in an urgent priority. awareness is based on the
principle of land reform, institutional capacity building and concrete measures to implement the
program to an end: since its establishment in 1992, IPEC has worked to achieve this goal in a variety
of child labour; And raising awareness and social mobilization to change attitudes and uphold the
ratification and effective implementation of ILO child labour Conventions. The efforts of IPEC helped
to withdrawn thousands of children from work and reformed or prohibited to inflowing the labour
market. In addition to this direct action throughout the depth and quality of statistics, policy and
legal analysis, assessment of child labour monitoring programs, which allow the extraction of
statistical data and methods have been significant studies, thematic studies, best practice guidelines
and training materials vast knowledge base.

Companies in the supply chains sector child labour concern are increasing, which believed to be
consistent with companies value and a threat to ability also the image of them. In recent time
business found to using child labour in every platform of supply chain, manufacturing and retail.

In the social dialogue section of ILO-IPEC sustains trade endeavour to reduce the child labour,
similarly comply with the child labour convention 182 most awful child labours and on minimum
wages convention 138 standard of ILO. Thos convention does support to prevent the child labour
from the relevant groups; Public-Private Partnerships to tackle child labour in supply chains and
reinforce capacity of ILO constituents.

Most countries prohibit or impose severe restrictions on the employment of child labour laws
adopted, largely stimulated and the International Labour Organisation (ILO) adopted by governed by
the rules. Despite these efforts, the existence of child labour in a massive scale, sometimes in
appalling conditions, especially in the developing world continues. If progress is slow or non-
existent, apparently because of the enormous complexity of child labour is an issue. It just cannot be
done by the stroke of a pen disappear. However, the determined and concerted action on the basis
of the law, which provides for the elimination of child labour as the ultimate goal of the policy will be
applied and made arrangements for this purpose and which defines and prohibits the worst forms of
child labour as a matter of priority will definitely be eliminated.

Main issues with the strategy:

The political commitment of governments over the last 12 years has played a vital role. Perhaps the
best way to ratification of the International Labour Organization Convention No. 182 has historically
symbolized by this part, the worst forms of child labour and Convention No. 138 on the minimum
age to work in parallel, increasing the global fight against child labour.14 No.15182 agreement, the
two main legal pillars - adopted in 1999 - the highest rate of ratification of ILO convention
somewhere in between, and the ratification of the 2000 ratification of the year exceeded the 138
100 mark, this agreement was signed, the United States officially recognizes that a more acceptable
and take responsibility for the end of child labour. After ratification, the United States on a regular
basis on the progress made in the implementation of its base to the ILO report and agreed to take
responsibility for being accountable to the international community. Figure 1 follow-up action of the
state to approve a list of the contracts 138 and 182. The committee of experts in the application of
the ILO conventions and recommendations of the Committee (Committee of Experts) noted. The ILO
a standard on child rights, child labour has been recognized internationally agreed standards. For
example, children's rights, ILO standards on child labour committees are always as a reference to
assess the economic exploitation of the situation, so that the periodic reports of States Parties to the
Convention and to consider what is more important, the political and legal obligations, it is true that
this initiative is accompanied by a political legislative decisions and strong infrastructure. We report
on global child labour, to the extent that economic growth is important, the policy options may be
more important. This is more than (2008-2012) the most recent reporting period, which covered the
global economic crisis and its repercussions, despite steady improvements to combat child labour
was not clear than I have seen. It is the policy options and the corresponding investment that has
been made in two areas of particular interest seems to curb child labour in the last 12 years.

The first lesson, All (EFA) in all parts of the world for the quality of education and the school, which
in turn has provided more than the family can send their children to school and interesting work
done to improve access to substantial new investment in the motion. It's no coincidence that the
rapid decline in child labour since 2000 coincides with a significant increase in enrolment. However,
child labour and education in the relevant cut deprivation is a big challenge, as the UN Special Envoy
for Global Education the areas of social protection policies are shown in the latest report. While
access to social security is a pressing global issue, it is clear from various countries indicate that
social security is linked to the low level of investment labour. Again, so it "is not a coincidence: the
use of child labour, social security and the weakness of the economic family you may need to limit
might be critical

Identify the major problem in one country or one region of the world:

The deep rooted cause of child labour in India is very prevalence with poverty. It has been estimated
by UNICEF in India 28 million children aged five to fourteen involved in work ( ). However child
labour is not a recent phenomenon in India as the poverty always force them to work, also causes of
labour shipment to other countries and the revolution of industrial era which primly responsible to
child labour within the country. Children can be found in every sector of informal economy () . The
prevalence of children are engaged working in hazardous occupations such as factories
manufacturing diamonds, fireworks, silk and carpets, glass and bricks in India (Waghamode &
Kalyan,2013). There are numerous aspects like scarce economic growth, poverty, unemployment
over population and required education and health care that oblige children to work (Ahmad, 2012).

The large number of children age between ten to fourteen years is not enrolled to school as the
financial situation is low in India. School attendance and the dropout differ for male and female as
the male child are likely to provide the financial support whereas the female one does the household
work (Kakoli & Sayeed, 2013). Due to insufficiency of the instructive system responsibilities High
illiteracy and dropout rates are high in India. Many poor families dont see education as a benefit to
society; they consider that work develops skills that can be used to earn income (Ahmed, 2012)

The effectiveness of policies implemented:

The Government of India to eliminate child labour has taken various proactive policies. Prohibition of
the worst forms of child labour and the elimination of exploitation of incredible India on 138 and 182
cases have been signed yet. However, the Government of India, 1986 (prohibition of child labour
regulations) has implemented a child labour law, the law provides for the minimum age for
employment of children in fourteen years, and prohibits employment of children in hazardous work.
The government prohibits forced labour and child labour together, but they are not able to enforce
the ban. Prohibition of child labour laws and regulations on child labour cannot be protected, but
does not eliminate all forms of child labour in the current it. But a regular law, see, especially when
the family farm or a family of fourteen children under the age vast majority of the work
(Venkatarangaiya Foundation 2005). India to help vulnerable children in child labour and education
project has been implemented in a number. On child labour (NCLPs) began in 1987 with a national
policy.

The NCLP aim to help children in the condition of dangerous activities and non-formal education and
vocational training, supplementary nutrition and so on. IPEC (International Programme for the
Elimination of Child Labour) to eliminate child labour provisions of a program (Padmanabhan, 2010),
the 175 sponsors of the project, as well as Indians such as the rights and care, global march against
child labour, children back to school as a non-governmental organization with a mission, as well as
volunteers and villagers. MV Foundation, a non-governmental organization (NGO) whose mission is
to combat child labour through the promotion of basic education, and even parents to send their
children to school is approaching. Despite the efforts of several laws on child labour and non-
governmental organizations, children continue to work on a large scale in most parts of the country.
For most of India's child labour laws in agriculture, wholesale, restaurants and does not cover
domestic work, because this is an issue for all types of work. Generally, the (Venkatarangaiya
Foundation, 2005), the most vulnerable children in child labour. In this effort, despite child labor,
child protection laws have failed. That's because the vast majority of the indigenous people and the
poor infrastructure in rural areas live in rural areas with difficulty in implementing laws and policies.
And policy and legislative instruments Indian roots deeply divided, illegal behaviour to take
advantage of the gap, allowing an extended number. Many believe that the reason for this behavior
is something artistic, and human error factor involved there is a strong percentage, and often child
labour (Murphy, 2005) will see the results in relation to the above-mentioned positions.

The ILO work with other actors at the national level, like national governments:

The National Policy on Child Labour declared in August, 1987, contains the action plan for tackling
the problem of Child Labour. It envisages:

A legislative action plan: The Government has enacted the Child Labour (Prohibition &
Regulation) Act, 1986 to prohibit the engagement of children in certain employments and to
regulate the conditions of work of children in certain other employments.
Focusing and convergence of general development programmes for benefiting children
wherever possible, A Core Group on convergence of various welfare schemes of the
Government has been constituted in the Ministry of Labour & Employment to ensure that,
the families of the Child Labour are given priority for their up liftmen.
Project-based action plan of action for launching of projects for the welfare of working
children in areas of high concentration of Child Labour.

Legislative Policy adopted by Government for eradication of Child Labour following steps have been
taken Prevention:

Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986 prohibits employment of children below
the age of 14 years in 18 occupations and 65 processes.
The onus of enforcement of the provisions of the Act lies with the State Governments as
envisaged in Section 2 of the Act.
The Union of India monitors the enforcement from time to time. Special drives on
enforcement and awareness generation are also launched from time to time.

Rescue & Repatriation:

During inspections and raids conducted under CLPRA, Child Labour are identified, rescued and
rehabilitative measures are set forth in motion by way of repatriation, in case of migrant Child
Labour, and providing bridge education with ultimate objective of mainstreaming them into the
formal system of education. Besides pre-vocational training is also provided to the rescued children.

The convergence strategy of Ministry of Labour for eradication of child labour A Core Group on
convergence of various welfare schemes of the Government has been constituted in the Ministry of
Labour & Employment to ensure that, the families of the Child Labour are given priority for their
upliftment. Considering poverty and illiteracy are the root cause for Child Labour Government is
following, educational rehabilitation of the children has to be supplemented with economic
rehabilitation of their families so that they are not compelled by the economic circumstance to send
their children to work. Ministry is taking various pro-active measures towards between schemes of
different Ministries like,
 Ministry of Women and Child Development for supplementing the efforts of this Ministry in
providing food and shelter to the children withdrawn from work through their schemes of Shelter
Homes, etc.

Ministry of Human Resource Development for providing Mid-day meal to the NCLP school
children, teachers training, supply of books, etc under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and mainstreaming of
NCLP children into the formal education system.

Convergence with Ministries of Rural Development, Urban Housing and Poverty Alleviation,
Panchyati Raj for covering these children under their various income and employment generation
scheme for their economic rehabilitation.

In each State one officer from the State Department of Labour has been nominated as Anti Human
Trafficking Unit (AHTU) to act as link officer for co-ordinating with Ministry of HRD in that state for
prevention of trafficking of children. CBI is the nodal anti trafficking agency.

Convergence with Ministry of Railways for generating awareness and restricting trafficking of
children.