:

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gful/s cleofg
cfkm}Faf6
e"ldsf
;g !()% df l;sfuf] ;x/df Paul Harris n] Rotary Club :yfkgf
u/] . ;g !(@) df Henry Giessenbier n] ;]G6 n'O;df o'jfxn]
ljZjnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;S5g\ eGg] ;f]raf6 clek|]l/t eP/ Jaycees
:yfkgf u/] . cfh Rotary / Jaycees n] ;+;f/df ct'ngLo ;fdflhs
lqmofsnfkx ul//x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfndf clxn] gsf/fTds ;f]r 5\ofk 5\ofKtL 5 . ;f/f o'jf
xLgtfaf]wn] lklN;Psf 5g\ . ha;Dd ;dfhdf d}n] klg ug{ ;S5'
eGg] cfTdljZjf; hfu[t u/fpg ;lsFb}g, /fhg}lts, cfly{s, af}l4s
;r]tgfn] dfq b]z ljsf; ug{ ;lsFb}g . oxL ;f]raf6 clek|]l/t eO{
s ; sf] KPT n] ;f]r ;d"x sf] dfWodaf6 gful/s cleofg ;'?
ug]{ k|of; yfn]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf gful/s ;dfhsf] xslxtsf af/]df w]/} rrf{kl/rrf{ x'G5
t/ of] b]zdf ;a} hgtf gful/s ePsf 5g\ jf 5}gg\ eGg]af/] eg]
;xL d"Nofg ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf 68\sf/f] b]lvG5 . cn] s]s] ug{'k5{
eGg]af/]df xfdLnfO{ ;a} yfxf 5 t/ cfkm"n] s]s] ug{' x'G5 / s]s] ug{'
x'Fb}g eGg]af/]df eg] xfdLnfO{ yfxf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg yfxf gePem}F u/L a'em
krfpF5f}F .
xslxtsf] vf]hLn] dfq dfG5] gful/s x'Fb}g, ;xL / ;r]t gful/s Tof]
xf], h;n] cfgf] xslxtsf] af/]df cfjfh p7fpFbf, csf] xslxtsf]
!
klg ;Ddfg u5{ . st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L axg gu/Lsg Pp6f dfG5]
gful/s x'Gg / aGg klg ;Sb}g .
;do kl/jt{g eO/x]sf] 5 . /fhtGqsf] ;dodf xfdL k|hf eof}F,
/fhtGq uP/ k|hftGq cfPkl5 xfdL k|hfaf6 hgtf eof}F . k|hftGqn]
sf]N6f] km]b}{ u0ftGq clg nf]stGq x'Fb} uof] t/ oxfF hgtf slxNo} klg
gful/s x'g ;s]gg\ .
hlt;'s} /fd|f] lgod, sfg'g, ljwfg jf ;+ljwfg eP klg ha;Dd
dfG5]nfO{ ljj]sn] lgodg ug{ ;Sb}g, To; a]nf;Dd b]z pFef] nfUb}g .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)$& nfO{ ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf /fd|f] ;+ljwfg elgGYof] . vf]O
t < b]z hxfFsf] ToxLF 5 . cem eGg'kbf{ l:ylt vl:sFb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
ha;Dd hgtf gful/s aGg ;Sb}gg\, lgod / sfg'g k|efjsf/L x'g}
;Sb}g . lrGtgxLg, ljj]sxLg dfG5]nfO{ nfdf] ;do;Dd lgod sfg'gn]
afFlw/fVg ;lsFb}g . elgG5, rf]/sf ;o af6f x'G5g\ . To;}n] h:tf];'s}
s8f / /fd|f] lgod sfg'g eP klg lgot g/fd|f] ePkl5 To;sf]
sdhf]/L vf]h]/ 5Ng yfNg] k|j[lQ b]vf k5{ . cGtTjuTjf pm gful/ssf]
lhDd]jf/Laf6 Ro't x'G5 .
l:j6\h/NofG8h:tf s]xL ljsl;t d'n'sdf k|x/Lsf] e"ldsf Go"g 5 /
klg ;dfh ;Eo tl/sfn] ;nn alu/x]sf] 5 . lsgls, ToxfFsf
gful/sn] s] ug{' x'G5 / s] ug{' x'Fb}g eGg] x]Ssf /fv]sf x'G5g\ .
jt{dfg g]kfnsf] ;fdflhs / cfly{s l:ylt lgofNg] xf] eg] ljutdf
eGbf hLjgz}nL pRr ePsf] 5 . JolQmut tyf k];fut kdf klg
g]kfnLsf] ef}lts, af}l4s tyf cfly{s a9f]Q/L eO;s]sf] 5 .
pbfx/0fsf ?kdf kf]v/fsf uNnLlkR5] emlsemsfp ;'gsf uxgf laqmL
!
tyf k|bz{gsf nflu /flvPsf] kfOG5 . o;n] s] b]vfpF5 eg] dfG5];Fu
k};f 5 / dxFuf uxgf lsGg ;Sg] Ifdtf 5 . To:t} ;DkGgtfsf] emns
sf7dfG8'sf] Go'/f]8df klg b]lvG5 . cfheGbf kfFr jif{cl3;Dd
Go'/f]8sf clwsf+z k;n u'Fbkfs, :6];g/L / v'f Jofkf/Lsf lyP .
cfh OGrf]sb]lv ;lxbu]6;Ddsf] cfwf lsld b"/Ldf %)cf}F Hj]n/L
k;n 5g\ . tL k;ndf Pp6f xL/fsf] g]sn]; lsGg'kof] eg] sDtLdf
$% nfv k5{ . o;f] x]bf{ o:tf] dxFuf] uxgf s;n] lsGnf eGg] nfU5
t/ u|fxs gePsf eP oltsf k;nx? 3f6f vfP/ lsg rnfO{ /xGy]
< To;}u/L ef6ef6gL ;'k/ dfs]{6df lbgsf] s/f]8f}F ?lkofFsf] sf/f]af/
x'G5, Pp6fdfq x}g, clxn] ;x/el/ ef6ef6gLsf zfvf v'n]sf 5g\ .
To;/L g} b]zsf cGo ;fgf7"nf ;x/df klg o:tf ;'k/dfs]{6
5\ofk5\ofKtL v'ln;s]sf 5g\ . tL ;'k/dfs]{6sf u|fxs ztk|ltzt
g]kfnL g} x'Gf\, ljb]zL xf]Ogg\ .
:s'n tyf sn]hsf] s'/f u/f}F . xfdLdWo] w]/} cleefjs 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{
b;f}F xhf/ z'Ns lt/]/ k9\g k7fpF5f}F . s'g} sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;]o/
hf/L x'Fbf xhf/f}F dfG5] nfOgdf v8f x'G5g\ . dxFuf gl;{ xf]d tyf
c:ktfndf la/fdL 7]nd7]n 5g\ . ufpF3/df klg dxFufdxFuf df]afOn
rnfpF5g\ . a;af6 u'8\g]eGbf xjfO{hxfhdf p8\g] ofqL w]/} 5Gf\ .
xf]6]n tyf /]:6'/fFdf ljb]zL ko{6sn] eGbf :jb]zL ko{6sn] w]/} k};f
vr{ u5{g\ .
o;n] s] k|:6 kf5{ eg] clxn] w]/} g]kfnLsf] vNtLdf k};f 5 / qmo
zlQm a9]sf] 5 . g]kfnLsf] cfly{s :t/ a9]sf] dfq xf]Og, ljsf;sf
cGo If]qdf g]kfnn] :ki6 k|ult u/]sf] 5 . s[lif, :jf:Yo, oftfoft /
ljQLo ;+:yf tyf ;+:yfg, cfd;~rf/sf] If]qdf ;d]t pNn]vgLo
k|ult b]lvPsf] 5 .
lxhf] xfdL sxfF lyof}F, cfh sxfF 5f}F < JolQm t ;kmn eP t/ b]z
;kmn x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lsg < oxL g} clxn]sf] oIf k|Zg xf] . of]
r'gf}tL ;fdgf ug{ k|hfaf6 hgtf eP/ dfq ePg, xfdL hgtfaf6
gful/s aGg'kof] .
xfd|f] JolQmjfbL dgl:yltn] JolQmljz]ifsf] ljsf; t eof] t/ ;dfh
/ b]z ;Eo tyf ;';+:s[t x'g ;s]gg\ . To;}n] h'g a]nf;Dd hgtfnfO{
xfdLn] of] ug{' x'G5 / of] ug{' x'Fb}g eGg] 5'6\ofpg ;Sg] agfpFb}gf}F,
ltgdf ljj]s / r]tgf hufpg ;Sb}gf}F, To; a]nf;Dd b]zn] ck]lIft
Pj+ ;dli6ut ljsf; ug{ ;Sb}g .
;w}F /fHonfO{ dfq ;/fk]/ sxfF kf/ nfU5 / < ;w}F clwsf/dfq pkef]u
u/]/ lhGbuL k|ultzLn / ;d[4 sxfF aG5 / < ljsf;sf] uGtJodf
k'Ug clwsf/dfqn] k'Ub}g, st{Jo klg kfng ug{'k5{ . xfdLn] JolQmut,
k];fut, hfltut / bnut xslxtsf s'/f w]/} ul/;Sof}F . ca Psrf]l6
dfgjLo tyf ;fd"lxs lxtaf/]df klg ;f]rf}F g .
clxn] xfd|f] b]zdf JolQmut tyf k];fut xslxtsf nflu avf{sf]
Rofp;/L y'k|} ;+3;+:yf pld|/x]sf 5g\ . x/]sn] cfgf] xslxtsf]
s'/fdfq} xf]Og, s;}sf] lj/f]w ug{'kof] eg] h:tf];'s} sbd rfNg klg
lxrlsrfpFb}gg\ .
;Lldt ;|f]taf6 c;Lldt dfu k"/f ug{'kg]{ xfd|f] b]zdf o:tf] s'g} lg0f{o
5, h'g ;j{kIfLo, ;j{u|fxL / ljjfb/lxt ePsf] xf];\ < ha Ps kIfsf]
;'ljwfn] csf]{ kIfnfO{ c;'ljwf x'g hfG5, To:tf] a]nf cfg} r:dfn]
dfq x]/]/ csf] b[li6sf]0fsf] d"Nofsg xfdL s;/L ug{ ;S5f}F < cfgf]
6fpsf]df xfQL gb]Vg] t/ csf] 6fpsf]df h'd|f b]Vg] k|j[lQn] xfdLn]
sd{ / st{Josf] k|ltlaDa P]gfdf b]Vg ;s]gf}F . ha;Dd dfG5]n] csf{sf]
!
cfFvfaf6 cfkm\gf] sd{nfO{ x]g{ ;Sb}g, csf{sf] sfgaf6 ;'Gg ;Sb}g,
csf{sf] dgaf6 dgg ug{ ;Sb}g, To; a]nf;Dd pm gful/s aGg
;Sb}g .
cfg} b[li6sf]0fn] cfg} :jfy{lglDt cfgf] hLjg latfpg] xf] eg]
xfdL slxNo} gful/s aGg ;Sb}gf}F . pbfx/0fsf nflu, xfdL
afnaflnsfnfO{ /fd|f/fd|f :s'n k7fpF5f}F / cfgf ct[Kt ;kgf ltgsf]
eljiodf vf]Hg yfN5f}F . slnnf afnaflnsf 3/ cfpgf;fy xfdL
u[xsfo{ u/fpF5f}F . 3/sf ;a}n] pgLxnfO{ k9fpF5f}F, 1fg lbG5f}F n
k9, /fd|/L k9, k9]kl5 8fS6/ aGg' k5{, ;lrj aGg' k5{, 7"nf] dfG5]
aGg' k5{, k};f sdfpg' k5{=== .
afnaflnsfn] k9\g cN5L u/] eg] xfdL ufnL u5f}{+ gk9]/ s] aGg],
v]t hf]Tg] < 8fOe/ aGg] < 8sdL{ aGg] < l;sdL{ aGg] <=== o;/L
Pp6f slnnf] dl:tisdf xfdLn] of] aGg' k5{, Tof] aGg' k5{ eg]/
cfkm\gf] :jfyL{ cfsf+Iff ebf{ebf{ p;df dgf]j}1flgs bafa kl//x]sf]
x'G5 . ha pm @)@@ jif{sf] nSsf hjfg x'G5, p;sf] lbdfudf
h;/L eP klg ;kmn aGg' k5{ eGg] ;f]rn] 8]/f hdfPsf] x'G5 . clg
p;n] ;kmn aGg] xf]8df c;nsf] kl/efiff g} la;{g k'U5 / dfly
pSng h:tf];'s} g/fd|f] sfd ug{ klg lxrlsrfpFb}g .
7"nf] dfG5] aGg] rfxgf alnof] x'Fbf afpsf] k};fn] h;/L eP klg
:gfts ug{'kg]{, kb, kfj/ / k};fdf lu4] b[li6 /fVg] ljj]sxLg JolQmsf]
?k lng k'U5 . b]zdf s;/L :jfly{ dgl:ylt xfjL eof] eGg] HjnGt
pbfx/0f xf] of] csf]{ pbfx/0f, s'g} dfG5] ha lg0f{o ug{'kg]{ kbdf
k'U5 / lg0f{o ug{ ;Sb}g, Tof] a]nf pm clg0f{osf] aGbL x'G5 lsgsL p
oxfF ;Dd cfO{ k'u]sf] Ifdtfn] eGbf klg eg;'g / rfs/L n] xf]= o:tf]
! !
pNemgn] slxn]sfxLF l8k|];gdf ;d]t hfg ;S5 . cGttM p;n] cfgf]
hLjg si6bfoL t agfpF5 g}, p;s} cIfdtfsf sf/0f b]zsf]
ljsf;;d]t jiff}{+ k5L ws]lnG5 .
Psrf]l6 xfd|f] ;dfhsf] csf]{ j:t'l:ylt lgofnf}F . cfhsf tGg]/L lhG;
kfOG6 clg 5fnfsf] Hofs]6df ;lhP/ r:df 9NsfO{ 6nSs 6Ns]sf]
df]6/afOs Wjf/{ kfb}{ bf}l8G5g\ . Ps n]gsf] uNnLdf klg afOs /f]s]/
r'/f]6sf] w'jfF p8fpFb} ukm r'6]/ ;8s hfd ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . uf8L
rnfpg]n] af6}df /f]s]/ t/sf/L lsG5, k5fl8 cfpg]n] rsf]{ xg{
ahfpFbf klg dtna /fVb}g . sf7df8fF}sf] *) k|ltzt 6flkms hfd
o;/L g} rfnssf] ljj]sxLgtfs} sf/0f x'G5 .
xfdLdWo] clwsf+z ;fj{hlgs oftfoft k|of]u u5f}{F . hxfF cf]n{g' 5
ToxL 9\of9\of u/]/ uf8L /f]Sg nufpF5f}F . hxfF pSng' 5 ToxLF xft
78\ofP/ uf8L /f]S5f}F . ;+;f/df cGoq sxLF s'g} o:tf] 7fpF 5, hxfF
dg nfUof] ToxLF emg]{ / hxfF dg nfUof] ToxLF pSng kfpg] <
ufpF;x/sf clwsf+z d7dlGb/df dfOs / 9\jf /fvL ehgsLt{g
ug]{ rng 5 . wfld{s cf:yf /fVg' /fd|f] xf] t/ ax'wfld{s Pj+ ax'hftLo
;dfhdf c? wd{ dfGg] ;d'bfo ToxLF glhs} x'g ;S5g\ . sfd ug{'kg]{
/ ljBfyL{ klg x'g ;S5g\ . sfgs} hfnL km'6\g] Wjlg k|b"if0f c?nfO{
klg lgsf] nfUb}g . ehgsLt{g ug{ klg dfOs g} /fVg'kg]{ < xg{
gahfO{ uf8L rnfpg} g;Sg] < xfd|f] of] ;fdflhs l:ylt a8f]
lj8Dagfk"0f{ 5 .
xfd|f] Pp6f ;femf afgL s] 5 eg] cfkm"eGbf d'lgsfnfO{ dfly
p7fpF5f}F t/ dflysfnfO{ tn emf5f}{F . d'lgsfnfO{ dfly p7fpg' t
/fd|} xf] t/ dflysfnfO{ tn emfg'{ rflxF kSs} /fd|f] xf]Og . sfd ug{
dfG5]nfO{ dfly hfg lbOPg eg] ljsf; s;/L x'G5 < gful/s cleofgsf] d'Vo nIf hgtfnfO{ gful/s cfkm}Faf6 aGg
zq' sdfpg ufxf]{ 5}g . a;, cnL k};f sdfP k'U5 . cnL cnL pTk|]l/t ug{ vf]Hg] xf] . rNnf lgSng cn] c08f k'm6fP/ x'Fb}g, rNnf
k|ult u/] k'U5 . oxfF h'g vdf kmn kmN5, To;}df em6f/f] xfGg cfkm}n] c08f km'6fpg' k5{ . To;} ul/ hgtfnfO{ gful/s s;}n]
vf]lhG5 . of] ;Eo ;dfhsf] ;+s]t xf]Og . agfpg] xf]Og, cfkm} aGg] xf] .
x'g] / gx'g] aLr sf] c;dGh:osf] vf8nnfO{ x/]s gful/sn] hLjg cfbz{df x}g, oyfy{df afFRg] xf] . t;y{, hfg]/ jf ghfg]/, yfxf
lrGtg ug{' k5{, lsg eg] lxhf]sf gx'g] cfh x'g] ePsf x'g\ kfP/ jf gkfP/, xfdLn] cfgf] / kl/jf/hgsf] :jfy{sf nflu
cfhsf gx'g] ef]ln x'g] aGg ;S5g\ / cfhsf x'g] ef]ln gx'g] slxn]sfxLF e'n klg ul//x]sf x'g ;S5f}F . jf:tjdf Pp6f gful/s
klg aGg ;S5g\ . o:tf] cl:y/ rqmnfO{ ljZn]if0f ug{ x/]s dxfg\, cfbz{jfg\, g}ltsjfg\ / lgM:jfyL{ x'g' cfjZos klg 5}g . hLjg
gfu/lsdf Sense of Judgement x'g' k5{ . wfGg, afFRg / k|ult ug{ s]xL xb;Dd :jfyL{ x'g' klg k5{ t/ dxTjk"0f{
s] eg], cfgf] :jfy{ k"lt{ ug]{ a]nf csf] :jfy{ gs'lNrlbP k'U5 .
xNnfs} e/df ;Eo ;dfhdf s;}sf] / slxNo} d'Nof+sg ug{' x'Fb}g .
clxn] sf] xfd|f] ;dfhdf xNnf km}nfpg cfwf/ rflxFb}g, rLnn] sfg xfdL ;fdflhs k|f0fL xf}F To;}n] klg of] d]/f] lhGbuL xf], cfkm"v';L
nUof] egL lbP k'U5 . km'km' u/]/ kft xNnfpg] of] ;dfhdf em"6 afFRg] d]/f] clwsf/ 5 eGb} u}/lhDd]jf/ hLjg afFRg ;lsFb}g / x'Fb}g
s]nfP/ ;RofO{ vf]Hg] dfG5] sd 5g\, t/ xNnfdf /dfpg] w]/} 5g\ . klg . xfdL ;d"xdf a:g'k5{, ;fd"lxs lhDd]jf/L u|x0f u/L ljleGg
of] xfd|f] b'ef{Uo xf] ls xfd|f] b]zdf gsf/fTds xNnf km}nfO{ ;d:ofl;t l;Fuf}/L v]Nb} afFRg hfGg'k5{ . oxL xf] Ps gful/ssf]
hgdfg;sf] a|]g jf; ug]{x lj?4 ;r]tgf km}nfpg ;ls/x]sf] cy{k"0f{ lhGbuL .
5}gf} . csf{sf] ;]tf] sldhdf d;L 5\ofKg ;lhnf] 5, t/ Pp6f gful/ssf] kdf xfdLn] kl;gf gr'xfO{sg, y'k|} k};f vr{
e'Qmef]uLnfO{ bfu w'g stL ufxf]{ x'G5< slxNo} ;f]Rb}gf} ls Ps rf]l6 gu/Lsg klg sof}F dfgjLo st{Jo kfng ug{ ;S5f}F . hgtfaf6
5\ofk]sf] d;L lhGbuL e/ wf]O/xg' k5{ . xNnf km}nfpg] lgGbglzn gful/s aGg xfdL 7"N7"nf Tofu tk:ofsf] s'/f gu/Lsg, ;fg'ltg'
xNnfvf]/xnfO{ ;+j]bgf / dgf]efjgfsf] s'g} dtna x'Fb}g . t/ cTofjZos sfd u/]/ cfkm", cfgf] kl/jf/ / ;dfhnfO{ a:g /
7'n7'nf s'/f u/]/ a'l4hLjL aGg ;lsPnf, pBf]u Jofkf/ u/]/ wgf9\o afFRg of]Uo agfpg ;S5f}F .
aGg ;lsPnf, ;r]t gfu/ls aGg ;lsFb}g . ;Lldt / cNk;+Vos clxn]sf] ;fdflhs kl/j]zdf dnfO{ of] k'u]g / Tof] ePg eGg] cd"t{
a'l4hLjL / wgL ju{n] b]z agfpFb}gg, b]z ax';+Vos hgtfn] agfpg] dfgl;stfsf] afbnleq xfdL x/fO/x]sf 5f}F . e'ne'n}ofsf] of]
xf] . To;}n] hgtfnfO{ gful/s s;/L agfpg] xf] / lja]ssf] lgodn] n'sfdf/Ldf ;fFRr} cfkm}Fn] cfkm"nfO{ bf]ifL sf] xf] t eg]/ b;j6f
hgtfnfO{ s;/L lgodg ug]{ xf], To;af/] ;f]Rg' h?/L ePsf] 5 . k|ltk|Zg uof}F eg] bf]ifL t 3'dLlkm/L xfdL cfkmF} kf] x'Fbf/x]5f}F . t;y{

! !
d}n], tkfO{+n], u[lx0fLn], cfdfafa'n], 5f]/f5f]/Ln], a'xf/Ln], l5d]sLn],
k;n]n], u|fxsn], rfnsn], a6'jfn], sd{rf/Ln], ljBfyL{n], lzIfsn],
lrlsT;sn], la/fdLn], /+usdL{n], kqsf/n], v]nf8Ln], k|x/Ln],
;dfh;]jLn], g]tfn], sfo{stf{n] / ;fdflhs lqmofsnfkdf e"ldsf
v]Ng] cGo JolQm ljz]ifn] cfcfgf] If]qaf6 h]hlt ug{ ;lsG5,
Toltdfq gful/ssf] x}l;otn] st{Jo kfngf u/] dfq} xfdLn] ;dfhdf
;sf/fTds kl/jt{g Nofpg ;S5f}F .
Psrf]l6 gful/s eP/ /fHonfO{ xfdLn] s]xL lbpFm, clg x]/f}F, /fHon]
xfdLnfO{ s] lbG5 < ;Demf}tfsf] of] cGToxLg n8fOFdf Psrf]l6 xfdLn]
cfgf] st{Jo kfng u/L x]/f}F t clg yfxf x'G5, xfd|f] of] ;dfh / b]z
slt /fd|f] eP/ cfpF5 . h'g a]nf;Dd xfdLn] cfkm"nfO{ agfpg ;Sb}gf}F
ta;Dd g t xfdLn] ;dfhnfO{ agfpg ;S5f}F g t b]znfO{ g} .
ljz'4 ;fdflhs ;]jfsf] efjgfaf6 clek|]l/t eO{ xfdL gful/s
cleofg cfkm}Faf6 df h'6]sf 5f}F . xfdL ljgd| cg'/f]w u5f}{F, Psrf]l6
of] k'l:tsf k9f}F, o;nfO{ dgg u/f}F . hgtfaf6 gful/s aGg] sf]l;;
u/f}F / cfgf] ljj]ssf] d}gaQL afn]/ csf] dgleqsf] d}gaQL afNg
;xof]u u/f}F . o;/L gful/s cleofgcfkm}Faf6 nfO{ k|rf/k|;f/ ub}{
hfpmF . wGojfb .

s0f{ zfSo
@@ r}q @)&#
4 April 2017

! !
 gful/s cleofgcfkm}Faf6
;r]t gful/ssf] e"ldsf
!_ ;j{k|yd xLg / x]osf] efjgf Tofuf}F . d Pp6f ;fgf] dfG5] x'F, d
s]xL ug{ ;lSbgF eGg] bl/ dfgl;stf Tofu]/ Pp6f gful/s x'F eGg]
;f]r /fvL gful/s clwsf/ ;'/lIft ub}{ cfkm\gf] st{Jo lgjf{x u/f}F .
@_ PSsfO{;f}F ztfAbLsf] ;Eo ;dfhdf dflns / gf]s/ eGg] x'Fb}g
. gful/s ;a} Ps} x'g\ . sd{of]usf] If]qdf ;a} >dhLjL a/fa/ x'G5g\ .
g t cfkm"eGbf dfly sf]xL 7"nf], g t cfkm"eGbf tn sf]xL ;fgf] .
#_ ;+:yfut ljsf;lglDt cg'zf;gsf] cGtlg{lxt cfjZostf klg
bo+ud ug{'kg]{ x'G5 . cfgf] k];fut lhDd]jf/Lcg';f/ cg'zfl;t
tl/sfn] cfgf] st{Jo lgjf{x ug{' k5{ . ;fj{hlgs :yndf xfdL ;a}
gful/s xf}F t/ sfo{:yndf k];fut dof{bfdf /xf}F .
$_ OHht dfu]/ xf]Og, cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ OHht ug{ hflgof] eg]
:jtM:km"t{ caf6 klg k|fKt x'G5 . ;a}eGbf klxn] cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{
OHht lbg'kof] d'v w'g kfgL lsGg' kb}{g, skfn sf]g]{ sfFOof] dxFuf]
5}g, Pp6f 6'yk]:6n] Ps dlxgf;Dd bfFt ;kmf ug{ k'U5, lbgsf]
Psrf]l6 df]hf wf]of] eg] v'f uGxfpFb}g . ;kmf / ;'U3/ cfs[ltaf6
JolQmTj ljsf; x'G5 . ;kmf a:g k};f w]/} rflxFb}g .
%_ ;Eo ;dfh l;h{gf ug{ wg x'g]n] dg vf]Hg' kof], a'l4hLjLn]
ljj]s k|of]u ug{' kof] / afx'anL /fhgLlts g]tf jf sfo{stf{n] lzi6
aGg l;Sg' kof] .
! !
^_ cfkm"n] h] b]Vof] ToxL 7Ls, cfkm"n] h] ;f]Rof] ToxL hfoh, cfgf]
r:dfn] h] x]of] ToxL ;To eGg] dfgl;stf /fVg' ePg . s'g} ljifodf
cjwf/0ff agfpFbf cfgf] cfFvfaf6 dfq xf]Og, csf] cfFvfaf6 klg
x]g{ ;Sg' kof] . of] gful/ssf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] st{Jo xf] .
&_ s;}nfO{ cfnf]rgf ubf{ Psrf]l6 csf{sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 klg x]/f}F .
csf{sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 klg Tof] unt xf] eGg] nfu]df dfq To;nfO{
b'Tsfg{ ;lsG5 . s;}nfO{ lagfl;lQ u'gf;f] kf]Vg], xf]xNnfdf nfUg],
s'/f]sf] ulx/fOdf gk'uL cfnf]rgf ug]{ afgL, cfr/0f / dgl:ylt TofUg'
kof] .
*_ xtf/ ;a}nfO{ x'G5 . o;sf] ;dfwfg Pp6} dfq xf], cfgf] kfnf]
kv{g] . wfs / /afkm hdfP/ kfnf] ldRg] sfd s'g} ;r]t gful/sn]
ub}{g .
(_ cn] tkfO{+nfO{ k|z+;f u/]sf] dg k5{ ls kb}{g < dg k5{ eg]
cnfO{ klg k|z+;f ug]{ afgL cfh}b]lv a;fnf}F . tkfO{+n] s;}nfO{ tfl/km
u/]sf] ;'g]kl5 p;n] klg tkfO{+sf] tfl/km ug{ ;'? ul/xfN5 . ufnLn]
ufnL kmsf{pF5, tfnLn] tfnLn] lgDTofpF5 .
!)_ O{iof{ / hngn] dflg;nfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L b'MvL agfpF5 . s;}n]
sfd u/]/ b'O{ k};f sdfpF5 eg] p;sf] O{iof{ xf]Og, a? p;af6 k|]/0ff
!!_ sfd ug]{nfO{ ug{ lbOPg eg] cGttf]uTjf ;dfhn] g} b'Mv kfpF5
. /fd|f]nfO{ /fd|f] eGg', sfd u/]sf]nfO{ :ofaf;L lbg' x/]s gful/ssf]
st{Jo xf] .
!@_ ;a} gful/s /fHosf + x'g\ . To;/L g} k|x/L, k|zf;lgs
sd{rf/L eg]sf klg klxn] gful/s g} x'g\ . ;w}F /fHonfO{ dfq ufnL
u/]/ ;d:of ;'lNemFb}g . ljleGg k];fdf sfo{/t ;a}n] gful/ssf]
x}l;otn] cfcfgf] lhDd]jf/L / st{Jo k"/f u/] eg] klg of] ;dfh
;nn aU5, h:t}
Pp6f k;n]n] cfgf] gfkmf /fvL h] a]Rg] xf] Tof] z'4
a]lrlbPdfq klg,
Pp6f Jofkf/Ln] u|fxsnfO{ g7lulbPdfq klg,
;fj{hlgs :yndf clgoldt lqmofsnfk gu/]dfq klg,
Ps l5d]sLn] csf]{ l5d]sLsf] kL/dsf{ clnslt a'lemlbPdfq
klg,
Pp6f kfOn6n] ;dodf Kn]g p8fOlbPdfq klg,
lzIfsn] /fhgLlt gu/L /fd|f] lzIff lbPdfq klg,
pDd]bjf/n] r'gfjkl5 leQfdf 6fF;]sf] kf]:6/ lgsflnlbPdfq
klg,
;/sf/L sd{rf/Ln] cfgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f u/]dfq klg,
kqsf/n] cGt/fTdfn] b]v]sf] n]v]dfq klg,
xfdLn] sd{rf/LnfO{ nf]edf gkm;fPdfq klg,
dGqLn] ug{'kg]{ lg0f{o lgodk"j{s u/]dfq klg,
8fS6/, g;{ v6fPsf] 7fpFdf uPdfq klg,
k|x/Ln] sfg'g dfGg]nfO{ b'v glbO{ sfg'g tf]8\g]nfO{ ;hfo
lbPdfq klg,
! !
g]tfn] ck/fwLnfO{ k|>o glbPdfq klg=== oL lhDd]jf/L / st{Jo
cfcfgf] 7fpFaf6 k'/f u/]dfq} klg xfd|f] ;dfh afFRg of]Uo
x'G5 / hLjg ;nn aU5 .
!# ljb]zdf xfdLn] ToxfFsf 8fOe/ jf j]6/nfO{ slt ;Ddfg u5f}{+ <
s] To:t} ;Ddfg xfdLn] cfg} g]kfnL 8fOe/, j]6/, k;n] / cGo
dhb'/nfO{ lbg ;Sb}gf}F < ;fgf] eg]/ x]Kg] sfd gful/sn] ub}{g .
ljb]z e|d0fdf Ps gful/ssf] e"ldsf
!$_ x/]s gful/s /fi6sf] cj}tlgs /fhb"t xf] . pm ljb]z e|d0fdf
hfFbf p;sf] sfFwn] b]z / ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf] OHht yfd]sf] x'G5 . t;y{
ljb]z e|d0f hfFbf Pp6f ;Eo gful/sn] kfng ug{'kg]{ ljj]szLn
afgLa]xf]/f ckgfP/ /fi6k|]dL gful/s x'g'sf] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F .
hxfF kfof] ToxfF g y'sf}F . zf}rfnodf afx]s hxfF kfof] ToxLF
lk;fa g km]/f}F . zf}rfno k|of]u ugf{;fy kfgL n; ug]{ afgL
a;fnf}F .
xjfO{hxfhdf l;Q}df /S;L lbof] eGb}df dft nfUg]u/L lkpg'
x'Fb}g . ;s];Dd lkpFb} glkpmF .
hxfF uP klg nfddf a;L kfnf] s'/f}F .
cfkm"af6 s]xL e'n x'gf;fy I am Sorry elgxfnf}F . s;}n] d2t
uof] eg] Thank You egL cfef/ JoQm u/f}F . s;};Fu s]xL
 ;f]Wg' 5 eg] Excuse me af6 ;'? u/L Thank You df cGt
u/f}F .
s;}n] vfgfsf nflu lgDtf lbof] eg] ;s] pkxf/, xf]Og eg]
Pp6f km"n eP klg lbpmF .
ljb]zLl;t s'/f ubf{ tkfO{+sf] hflu/ slt 5 < of] sltdf
lsGg'eof] < h:tf JolQmut s'/f g;f]wf}F .
glrg]sf] JolQml;t d';'Ss xfF;f}F t/ rflxg]eGbf a9L s'/f klg
gu/f}F .
;fj{hlgs :yndf r'/f]6 gvfpmF . w"dkfg ug{'kof] eg] tf]s]sf]
:yfgdf dfq u/f}F .
h]a|f qml; jf tf]s]sf] 7fpFaf6 afx]s cGoqaf6 af6f] sbfkL
gsf6f}F .
ljb]zdf ;'6, kfOG6 / 6fO nufO/fVg' kb}{g, l6;6{ / lhg kfOG6
nufP klg x'G5 . t/, ;kmf nufcf}F, d'v wf]pmF, bGtd~hg u/f}F
/ ;do;dodf sfOFof]n] skfn sf]/f}F .
:d/0f /xf];\, tkfO{+sf] JolQmTjn] g]kfnsf] 5lj b;f{pF5 .
kfl/jfl/s kl/j]zdf gful/ssf] e"ldsf
!%_ ;+o'Qm kl/jf/df cfk;L ;b\efj / ;dGjosf] jftfj/0f sfod
/fVg ;Sof] eg] g]kfnsf nflu of]eGbf pko'Qm c kfl/jfl/s Joj:yf
5}g . t/, kl/jf/leq ljZjf;sf] ;+s6 cfpg yfNof] eg]
! !
;dembf/Lk"j{s cnu x'g' g} /fd|f] . c+zaG8f ubf{ ;xh tl/sfn]
uf]nfk|yfaf6 ug{' plrt x'G5 .
!^_ dflg; ljj]szLn k|f0fL xf] . v'?v'? aRrf hGdfP/dfq cfdfafa'sf]
st{Jo k"/f x'Fb}g . aRrf hGdfPkl5 pgLxnfO{ /fd|/L x'sf{pg'kof],
lzIff / ;+:sf/ lbg'kof] . cGoyf, d}n] hGdfPsf] ;Gtfgn] dnfO{ dfGg}
k5{ / kfNg} k5{ eGg] xs htfpg ldNb}g .
!&_ 5f]/f5f]/Ln] cfdfafa'nfO{ lbg'kg]{ ;Ddfg / ;xf/f lbP/ st{Jo
kfng u/]kl5 dfq cfdfafa'sf] dfof k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/ x'G5 . cfdf
afa'nfO{ ;w}F Take It For Granted sf] kdf lng kfOFb}g .
!*_ a'xf/Ln] ;f;";;'/fnfO{ nf~5gf nufpg'eGbf klxn] cfkm"n]
pgLxsf] slt ;]jf u/]sf] 5, To;sf] n]vfhf]vf ug{'k5{ . To:t}
a'xf/Laf6 ;Ddfg kfpg ;f;";;'/fn] klg pgnfO{ 5f]/LnfO{ h:t}
Jojxf/ ug{'k5{ . clwsf/dfq vf]h]/ dfof kfpg ;lsFb}g . cfkm"n] dfof
lbg ;lsFb}g eg] caf6 klg dfofsf] cfzf ug{ kfOFb}g .
!(_ clxn]sf] o'udf s;}n] klg cfgL 5f]/LnfO{ gf]s/ agfpgsf nflu
ljjfx u/]/ k7fpFb}g . ljjfx :qLk'?ifaLrsf] c6'6 dfof, k|]d / rf]vf]
;DaGwsf] ;Demf}tf xf] . ;'dw'/ j}jflxs hLjg latfpg nfUg]
:jf:gLaLr k|]ddfq xf]Og, Tofusf] efjgf klg cfjZos x'G5 . a'xf/Ln]
;f;";;'/fsf] ;]jf u5]{ eg] HjfO{n] cfgL >LdtLsf afa'cfdfnfO{ klg
ddtfdoL ;Ddfg lbg' st{Jo xf] .
@)_ lzIffn] dfq dflg;nfO{ ;Eo agfpFb}g, dflg;nfO{ ;Eo ;+:sf/n]
agfpF5 . ;+:sf/ :s'naf6 dfq xf]Og, 3/af6 l;lsG5 . t;y{
5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lzIff jf clt{ lbFbf
7"nf] dfG5] aGg'k5{ eGb} afnaflnsfnfO{ k|]/0ff lbg] qmddf ls;fg
aGg] < s'rf] nufpg] < 8sdL{, l;sdL{ aGg] < egL s'g} klg sfd jf
k];fnfO{ xf]Rofpg] u/L pkdf lbg' x'Fb}g . o:tf] pkdfn] tL k];fk|lt
aRrfsf] dl:tisdf gsf/fTds wf/0ff aGg k'U5 . pm 7"nf] ePkl5
k];fsf] ;Ddfg ug{ ;Sb}g / >dhLjL klg aGg ;Sb}g . 7"nf] dfG5]
aGg] xf]8afhLdf cGTodf pm :jfyL{ / ;fdGtLdfq eP/ lg:sG5 .
s;}n] s]xL pkxf/ lbof] eg] jf ;xof]u uof] eg]
afnaflnsfnfO{ wGojfb eGg] ;+:sf/ l;sfcf}F .
aRrfaf6 hfg]/ jf ghfg]/ s'g} e'n eof] eg] t'?Gt} I am
Sorry eGg] tLg zAb af]Ng] afgL a;fNg nufcf}F .
cfkm"eGbf 7"nf]nfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ ;Eotf l;sfpmF .
3/df cfpg] kfx'gfnfO{ xfF;]/ :jfut ug]{ afgL nufcf}F .
6]lnkmf]g ubf{ jf pQ/ lbFbf lzi6 efiff k|of]u ug{ l;sfcf}F .
c;xfonfO{ x]Kg glbpmF / pgLxnfO{ ;]jf ug]{ lzIff lbpmF .
@!_ k};f, kfj/, kf]:6 / df]hd:tLdf Jo:t s]xL 7"nfa8fsf ;Gtfg
s'ntdf nfu]sf] b]lvG5 . hlt;'s} 7"nf] / wgL dflg; eP klg ;Gtfg
sk't eof] eg] Tof]eGbf b'Mv c x'Fb}g . t;y{ sDtLdf lbgsf] Ps
306f kl/jf/;Fu latfP/ lrGtgzLn cleefjssf] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F .
@@_ dflg;sf] lhGbuLdf ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ kIf zflGt xf] . zflGtlagf
dflg; ;'v;Fu afFRg ;Sb}g . t;y{ cfgf afnaflnsfnfO{
dgf]j}1flgs ?kdf lx+;fk|lt k|]l/t x'g] vfnsf v]nf}gf glbpmF /
>Job[Zo ;fdu|L g;'gfpmF, gb]vfpmF .
! !
@#_ afnaflnsfnfO{ 3/kfn'jf hgfj/sf 5fp/f5fp/L, r/fr'?L,
s5'jfh:tf caf]w k|f0fL v]nf}gfsf ?kdf glbpFm . lbg] g} xf] eg] caf]w
kz'kG5LnfO{ dfofk|]d ug{ l;sfpmF, oftgf lbg xf]Og .
@$_ ufpF3/df t'?Gt} u'n]nL alxisf/ cleofg ;'? u/f}F . afnaflnsfn]
u'n]nLaf6 r/fr'?Ldfq xf]Og, 3/sf] l;;f, kf]nsf] lrd km'6fNg] dfq
xf]Og, dfgjLo b'3{6gf;d]t lgDTofpg ;S5g\ .
@%_ kl/jf/leq xf];\ jf ;dfhdf, s;}n] klg tkfO{+nfO{ rflxg]eGbf
a9L u'g nfPsf] 5 eg] To;nfO{ krfpg' x'Fb}g . u'g ;w}F nufpg
;lsFb}g . t;y{ s;}n] tkfO{+nfO{ cfly{s jf g}lts ;xof]u u/]sf] 5
eg] pmk|lt cfef/ JoQm ug]{ lzi6tf l;sf}F .
@^_ ;a} dflg;sf] :jefj Pp6} x'Fb}g . xfdLdf y'k|} sdLsdhf]/L x'G5g\
. cfgf] sdhf]/L lrg]/, a'em]/ To;nfO{ lgoGq0f ub}{ cfkm"df
n'ls/fv]sf] zlQm ;b'kof]u ug{ ;Sof] eg] ;r]t gful/ssf] e"ldsf
lgjf{x ug{ ;lsG5 .
l5d]sLsf kdf gful/ssf] lhDd]jf/L
@&_ ;fyL 5fGg ;lsG5, l5d]sL km]g{ ;lsFb}g . l5d]sLnfO{ cfkt\
ljkt\ kbf{ ;Sbf] d2t u/f}F . xfdL l5d]sLnfO{ d2t ub}{gf}F eg] xfdLnfO{
cfkt\ljkt\ kbf{ c;Fu s;/L u'xf/ dfUg] <
@*_ l5d]sLsf] s's'/ /ftel/ e'Sof] eg] tkfO{+nfO{ slt l/; p7\5 <
s] tkfO{+sf] s's'/n] klg /flt/flt e's]/ cnfO{ ljgafwf ul//x]sf]
t 5}g < 5 eg] sDtLdf klg /flt s's'/nfO{ e'Sg glbg' Pp6f
l5d]sLsf] st{Jo xf] .
@(_ l5d]sLn] 7"N7"nf] cfjfhn] /]l8of] jf l6eL ahfpFbf tkfO{+nfO{
slt l/; p7\5 < s] tkfO{+n] klg l5d]sLnfO{ o:t} ljgafwf
k'ofO/xg'ePsf] t 5}g < 5 eg] To:tf] sfd aGb u/]/ Pp6f
gful/ssf] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F .
s] tkfO{+ gofF 3/ agfpFb} x'g'x'G5 < x'g'x'G5 eg] hUuf clnslt
5f8]/ agfpFbf l5d]sL klg v';L x'G5 / cfgf] 3/sf] klg
zf]ef klg a9\5 . l;dfgf;Fu} hf]8]/ 3/ agfpFbf lgod ldr]/
xfjf l5g]{ Kjfn eGb} ha/h:tL ofn /fVg' ePg . ;w}F ;Fu}
a:g'kg]{ l5d]sLl;t emu8f u/]/ tkfO{+n] agfPsf] dxn klg
;'vbfoL x'Fb}g .
Pp6f c;n l5d]sLsf] st{Jo kfng u/f}F, ofnaf6 lrofpg]
afgL aGb u/f}F . au}Frfdf :jf:YonfO{ xflg ug]{ Knfl:6s,
/a/h:tf Non- biodegradable rLhaLh gafnf}F . kmf]x/d}nf
afn]/ jftfj/0f k|b"lift gu/f}F . cfgf] sf};Laf6 l5d]sLsf]
hUufdf kfgL gemf/f}F . cfgf] 3/jl/kl/sf] af6f]df kmf]x/ gu/f}F
/ cnfO{ ug{ klg glbpFm . lgdf{0f ;fdu|L af6f]d} hyfefjL
g/fvf}F / /fVg glbpFm . cGTodf Psrf]l6 ;f]rf}F, d}n] d]/f]
l5d]sLnfO{ s'g} dfgl;s jf ef}lts xflg t k'ofO/x]sf] 5}g <
!
;/;kmfO;DaGwL gful/s st{Jo
#)_ Jofkf/ ug]{ xfd|f] clwsf/ xf] t/ cfgf j:t'sf] lj1fkg jf kf]:6/
;fj{hlgs kvf{n, ;Dkbf :yn / csf] 3/sf] leQfleQfdf 6fF:g
kfOG5 < o:tf] u}/lhDd]jf/ sfo{ gful/sn] ub}{g / cnfO{ klg ug{
lbFb}g .
#!_ /fhgLlts gf/f x'g\ jf lj1fkg, o:tf k|rf/ ;fdu|L kvf{n jf
leQfdf xf]Og, hgtfsf] dgdf 5fKg ;Sg'k5{ . hyfefjL 6fFl;g] kf]:6/,
kDKn]6 / gf/fn] t hgtfnfO{ lr9\ofpg] sfddfq u5{ . t;y{ g]tf jf
sfo{stf{nfO{ of] s'/f ;f]em} egf}F / cfgf] kvf{ndf dfq xf]Og,
;fj{hlgs :yndf klg hyfefjL gf/f n]Vg jf kf]:6/ 6fF:g glbpmF .
o:tf] sfo{ /f]Sg' x/]s gful/ssf] clwsf/ klg xf] .
#@_ uNnL, rf]s, ;8s / cGo ;fj{hlgs :yndf xfdLn] ;/;kmfO
ul//x]sf 5}gf}F eg] ToxfF s] xfdLnfO{ kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] clwsf/ 5 < t;y{
xfdL 3/sf] kmf]xf]/ tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf uO{ sG6]g/df ofFSg] / cnfO{
klg ofFSg nufpg] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F .
##_ ef8f ltg{ g;Sg] k;n]n] /fHo jf gu/kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] :yfgdf
k;n yfk]/ hLljsf]kfh{g ug{ ;S5 . t/, 3/ hfg] a]nf cfkm"n] u/]sf]
kmf]xf]/ ToxLF cnkq 5f8\g' x'Fb}g . ul/a, c;xfo xf] eGb}df lgod ldr]/
;fF3'/f] af6f] / ;8sdf hyfefjL km'6kfy] k;n yfk]/ oftfoft g}
cj?4 kfg{' x'Fb}g . gful/s ;dfhdf ;fgf]7"nf], ;a}n] lgod kfngf
ug}{ k5{ .
#$_ ;x/sf] Jo:t af6f], ;8s / uNnLdf laxfglaxfg} Jofkf/Ln]
cfcfgf k;ncufl8 l3gnfUbf] kfpkf]; -Doormat_ af6f]aLrdf
!
pN6fP/ /fV5g\ . s] cfgf] k;ndfq ;kmf eP/ k'Uof] < o;/L
;8snfO{ s'k / kmf]x/ kfg'{ ;Eotfsf] lrXg xf]Og .
#%_ d]xgt u/]/ k;n yfkL Jofkf/ ug{' /fd|f] xf] . t/, k;naflx/
6]a'n /fvL afF; / 8G8Ldf n'ufkmf6f] tyf dfn;fdfg em'G8fP/ af6f]
g} cltqmd0f ug{' ePg . o;n] ;fFu'/f] af6f]nfO{ emg\ ;fFu'/f] kf5{ .
dfn;fdfg cfgf] k;nleq kf] ;hfpg], aflx/ ;8sdf em'G8fpFbf t
tL ;fdfgdf 3fd / w'nf]n] Iflt k'ofpFb}g / <
#^_ ;fj{hlgs :yndf w"dkfg ug{ gkfpg] lgod alg;Sof] . w"dkfg
ug]{n] cfgf] kmf]S;f] t laufof] laufof], t/ p;sf] d'vaf6 lg:sg]
w'jfFn] cnfO{ ;d]t gf]S;fg k'ofpF5 . t;y{ ;fj{hlgs :yndf
w"dkfg gu/f}F / ug]{ JolQmnfO{ klg /f]sf}F .
#&_ ;do;dodf xfdL k|s[ltsf] sfvdf jgef]h ug{ hfG5f}F t/
kmf]x/d}nf ToxLF ofFs]/ cfpF5f}F . k|s[ltn] xfdLnfO{ /dfpg] 7fpF lbPsf]
5 . To;nfO{ ;kmf, ;'U3/ /fVg] / ;+/If0f ug'{ x/]s gful/ssf] st{Jo
xf] .
#*_ ;8sdf lxF8\g] a]nf jf a;df ofqf ubf{ slxn]sfxLF xfdLn] y's
klg lgNg'kg]{ x'G5 . ;lsPg eg] Pp6f ?dfn jf sfuhdf ;'6'Ss
y's]/ ;Eo tl/sfn] kfvf nufpg ;S5f}F . t/, hxfF kfof] ToxfF VjfSs
u/]/ y'Sbf cfgf] JolQmTjsf] 5ljdfq laufb}{g, jftfj/0f g} b'u{lGwt
agfOlbG5 .
#(_ cfhsn Sof6l/jfnfxn] ef]h ;s]kl5 pa|]sf] / h'7f] vfBkbfy{
gbLlsgf/ jf ;8ssf] 5]p5fp / s'gfsfKrfdf ofFs]sf] b]lvG5 . o:tf]
ug{' ePg / ug{ lbg' klg ePg . of] ;d:of ;'Nemfpg Sof6l/
! !
Joj;foL ldn]/ ;+ul7t kn] k|f+ufl/s dn agfpFbf jftfj/0f /fd|f]
x'G5, cfDbfgL a9\5 / cuf{lgs v]tL ljsf;df d2t u5{ .
wd{, ;+:s[lt / ko{6gsf] If]qdf gful/sn] v]Ng] e"ldsf
$)_ cfgf] hft, wd{ / sd{sf08nfO{ dxTj lbP/ csf] ;+:s[ltnfO{
x]kfxf b[li6sf]0fn] x]g{' Olygf];]lG6hd -Ethinocentrism_ xf] . cfh;Dd
xfdLn] cfgf] wd{ / ;+:s[ltnfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ csf] wd{nfO{ klg OHht
lbFb} cfPsf 5f}F . xfd|f] b]zsf] oxL ;f+:s[lts ;lxi0f'tfsf sf/0f
cfh;Dd wd{, hft / efiffsf gfddf Ps yf]kf klg /ut au]sf] 5}g
. xfdL of] ;lxi0f'tf ;w}F cIf'00f /fVg] k|of; u/f}F .
$!_ ha ;+ljwfgn] ;f/f g]kfnL Ps x'g\ elg;s]kl5 ca 5'jf5"tsf]
cdfgjLo ;+:sf/ klg Jofjxfl/s kd} TofUg'kof] . aflx/ xfdL ;a}
Ps} xf}F eGg] t/ 3/leq 5'jf5"tsf] ;+sL0f{ efjgf sfod} /fVg 9f]
x6fpg'kof] . ca s'g} hftn] s'g} hftnfO{ x]nf ug{ kfOFb}g . ;a}n]
;a}nfO{ dfg;Ddfg ug{' x/]s gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
$@_ u'7L / sd{sf08 xfd|f hLjGt ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf x'g\ . t/,
sd{sf08 / u'7Lsf k|lqmof af]lemn x'g' ePg . ;+:s[ltnfO{ ;do;Fu}
kl/dfh{g u/L n}hfg'k5{ . lxhf] tLg lbg;Dd dgfOg] u'7LnfO{ Ps}
lbgdf l;Wofpg ;lsG5 ls < lxhf] ;a}nfO{ km';{b} lyof,] clxn] 5}g .
To;}n] ;do;fk]If k/Dk/fnfO{ ;+/If0f ub}{ n}hfg' xfdL ;a} ;+:s[ltk|]dL
lrGtgzLn gful/ssf] bfloTj xf] .
$#_ cgfjZos t8se8s u/]/ ef]het]/ ug{'eGbf ldtJooL ag]/
v';LofnL sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L af}l4s ;Eotfsf] cg';/0f u/f}F /
c?nfO{ klg pTk|]l/t u/f}F .
$$_ s'g} ;ef;Dd]ng / ef]het]/df hfFbf ;fy} nluPsf uf8L
rfnsnfO{ klg nGr, l8g/ v'jfpg gla;f}{F . s'g} kfx'gfnfO{ vfg
af]nfpg'ePsf] 5 eg] kfx'gf;Fu} cfpg] rfnsnfO{ klg v'jfpg]
Joj:yf u/f}F .
$%_ x/]snfO{ cfgf] wd{ dfGg] clwsf/ x'G5 . t/, wd{sf] gfddf
d7dlGb/, b]jn tyf 3/fo;L k"hfcfhfdf nfp8 l:ks/ nufP/ ehg
/ k|jrg u/L ;f/f 6f]ndf Wjlgk|b"if0f ug{ kfOFb}g . Pp6f wd{df
cfwfl/t k|jrg cnfO{ dfGo x'g'k5{ eGg] klg 5}g . h'g;'s} wd{df
cf:yf /fv] klg wd{sf] gfddf cnfO{ cK7\of/f] kfg]{ sfd gful/sn]
ug{' x'Fb}g .
$^_ ufpF3/df afnljjfxh:tf] 3[l0ft / cj}1flgs lqmofsnfk clxn]
klg hf/L 5 . o;nfO{ t'?Gt} /f]Sg' tyf /f]Sg nufpg' ;Dk"0f{
gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
$&_ d7dlGb/df em'G8\ofOPsf t'n gofF x'Fbf t lemlnldnL b]lvG5
t/ dlxgf}F;Dd 3fdkfgLn] dlSsP/ s'?k eO;Sbf klg xfdL tL t'n
lgsfNb}gf}F . s] em'q] t'n em'G8\ofP/ kljq wfld{s :ynnfO{ s'k kfg{'
x'G5 < o;/L emG8\ofOPsf t'n k|of]hg ;lsPkl5 lgsfNg' / lgsfNg
nufpg' xfd|f] st{Jo xf]Og / <
! !
$*_ k"hfcfhf ubf{ k]8f, n8\8', g}j]b / cGo vfBkbfy{ d"lt{df gr9fP
s;f] xf]nf < wd{ t dgaf6 kf] ug]{, ;'F8df n8\8' sf]Rbf u0f]z v';L
xf]nfg\ / <
$(_ gofF jif{ dgfpFbf xfdL /+uLr+uL sfuhL emG8fn] ;hfP/
cfcfkm\gf 6f]nnfO{ a]x'nLh:t} l;Fuf5f}{+ . 7Ls 5, pNnf;k"0f{
jftfj/0fdf rf8kj{ dgfpg'k5{ . t/, dxf]T;j l;l4P/ dlxgf}F
lalt;Sbf klg tL em'qf sfuh lgsfNb}gf}F . s] wd{ ug]{ gful/sn] sd{
ug{' kb}{g <
%!_ kz'aln lbg' cGwljZjf;sf] k/fsfi7f xf] . o; hut\sf ;Dk"0f{
kz'kIfL dflg;h:t} cfdfsf] k]6df x's]{sf, cfdfsf] b"w vfP/ a9]sf /
cfdfs} Gofgf] 5ftLdf x's]{sf k|f0fL x'g\ . pgLxnfO{ klg b'Mv x'G5,
kL8f x'G5 / cfFvfaf6 cfF;' cfpF5 . km/s olt dfq xf], pgLx
dflg;h:tf] af]Ng ;Sb}gg\, lj/f]w ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . To;}n] cfjfhljxLg
oL kz'sf] ef]u lbP/ wd{ sdfpg] s'/Llt /f]sf}F, /f]Sg nufcf}F . of]
gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
%@_ dfof ug{' /fd|f] xf] . t/, cGwf] dfofn] ljs[lt NofpF5 . dlGb/,
dl:hb, wd{zfnf / ko{6sLo :yndf ckf+u, j[4 / c;xfonfO{ ;Sbf]
;xof]u u/f}F . sfd ug{ ;Sg] t/ dfuL lxF8\g] nf5LnfO{ ;s] sfd lbpmF
t/ bfg glbpmF . afnaflnsfnfO{ klg eLIff lbP/ dfUg] gagfpmF a?
;lsG5 eg] lzIffsf] Joj:yf ldnfOlbpFm .
%$_ uf8L, xjfO{hxfh / snsf/vfgfdf kz'aln lbP/ k"hf ug]{
rngn] ljb]zLnfO{ slt rlst kf/]sf] xf]nf < h;n] oL ef}lts oGq
cfljisf/ u/], ltgLx xfd|f] c1fgtfdf slt xfF:bf xf]nfg\ < t;y{
lagfcy{, cGwljZjf;sf e/df rngrNtLdf /x]sf s[lqd ;+:sf/
kl/jt{g u/f}F .
%%_ u|fdL0f ko{6g eg]sf] ;DkGg :yfgaf6 ljkGg :yfgdf ;|f]t ;fwg
kl/rfng ug]{ pBd xf] . /, o;n] ufpF3/sf] d'xf/ km]g{ ;S5 .
ko{6gsf] dfWodaf6 ufpF ljsf; ug]{ xf] eg] :yfgLo JolQm / vf;u/L
afnaflnsfdf cltly b]jf] ej efjgf hufO{ kfx'gfnfO{ ;Tsf/ ug]{
afgL a;fNg'kof] .
%^_ g]kfndf ko{6gsf] k|r'/ ;Defjgf 5 . x/]s jif{ gofFgofF uGtJo
:yn ljsf; eO/x]sf 5g\ . tL If]qdf ha ljsf; x'G5, r'gf}tL klg
;Fu} cfpF5g\ . hxfF lrgL x'G5, ToxfF lemFuf klg cfpF5 . To;}n]
ko{6gdf ljsf; / ;+/If0fsf] ;Gt'lnt cjwf/0ffnfO{ a'em\g'k5{ / ;f]xL
cg';f/ ;+/If0fsf] cjwf/0ff cfTd;ft ug'{k5{ .
cfhef]ln ;x/sf bf]af6f] / rf}af6f]df 8anL agfP/ rf/}lbzfdf
nfp8 l:ks/ nufO{ ;f+uLlts sfo{qmd ul/G5 . o;n] oftfoft
;~rfngdf dfq cj/f]w kfb}{g, ;x/df Wjlgk|b"if0f;d]t u5{ . t/fO{
If]qsf] t s'/} 5f]8f}F . ;;fgf lrofk;n]n] klg u|fxs tfGg htftt}
9\jf /fv]/ lkmNdL uLt ahfpg] u5{g\ . ljjfx, j|taGwdf t emg\
;f/f ;+;f/ g} pgLxs} xf] ls eg]em}F u5{g\ . s] of] gful/s
clwsf/k|lt v'nf cltqmd0f xf]Og<
%&_ axfn lt/]sf 5f}F eGb} xf]6]n / /]:6'/fsf sf};Lsf};Ldf 8d
ahfpFb} gfrufg u/]/ jl/kl/sf afl;GbfnfO{ lbSs kfg{' ePg . o:tf
czf]egLo lqmofsnfkaf6 zfGt jftfj/0f vf]Hb} cfPsf ko{6s;d]t
lbSs x'g ;S5g\ . :d/0f ug{'kg]{ s] 5 eg] g]kfndf ko{6s cfw'lgs
gfrufg x]g{ xf]Og, oxfFsf] zfGt jftfj/0fdf /dfpg cfPsf x'g\ .
%*_ /]:6'/]G6df gfrufg u/fpg] xf] eg] of t gfRg] 7fpF e"ldut agfpg'
kof] of t /]:6'/G6sf] leQf / ofn ;fpG8 k|'km agfpg' kof] .
%(_ ko{6g If]qsf] bf]af6f] / rf}af6f]df 6]a'n, s';L{ aflx/ /fv]/
gfrufg, d]nf / dxf]T;j cfof]hgf ubf{ ;Lldt Jofkf/LnfO{ t kmfObf
xf]nf, :yfgLo afl;GbfnfO{ eg] dsf{ k5{, oftfoft rf}k6 x'G5 .
cnfO{ c;'ljwf k'ofP/ k};f sdfpg' ;r]t pBdLsf] st{Jo xf]Og .
s;}n] o:tf] u/]sf] 5 eg] o;nfO{ /f]Sg' x/]s gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
k|zf;lgs If]qdf gful/ssf] e"ldsf
^)_ ;fj{hlgs ;ef, ;df/f]xxdf ;s];Dd dGqLxnfO{ glgDTofpFm
lsgls o;n] ;/sf/L sfddf afwf k'ofpF5 . ;ef, ;Dd]ngdf k|d'v
cltly ;dodf cfPgg\ eg] klg sfo{qmd ;dodf g} ;'? u/f}F, u/fpg
nufpg] .
^!_ sfo{zfnf, uf]i7Lxdf efu lnFbf ;xefuLn] cfgf] df]afOn aGb
u/f}F . oflGqs pQfpnf]kgsf] k|bz{g gu/f}F .
^@_ tkfO{+n] cfgf sfof{nodf klqsf k9]/ cnfO{ cfnf]rgf
ul//xg'ePsf] 5 eg] Psl5g ;f]Rg';\ -cfh tkfO{+n] cfgf] ug{'kg]{
sfd slt ug{'ePsf] 5 < s] tkfO{+n] cfhsf] tna kfSg]u/L cfkm\gf]
sfd ug{'ePsf] 5 <
^#_ zf}rfnosf] ;kmfO ;Eotfsf] ;"rs xf] . ;/sf/L / ;fj{hlgs
:ynsf zf}rfno ;kmf /fVg ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ bafa lbpFm .
!
^$_ xflsd xf];\ jf ;fwf/0f sd{rf/L, p;sf] JolQmTj pm a:g] 6]a'n ^*_ /fhgLlt Pp6f cGtxLg k|lqmof xf] . kIfn] ljkIfnfO{ 9fNg] of]
/ s';L{af6 emlNsG5 . lxhf]cfh w]/}h;f] ;/sf/L sfof{nodf 6]a'n v]ndf dtljdtaf/] rsf{rsL{ eO/xG5 . lj/f]wsf] gfpFdf lj/f]wdfq
w'nf]n] 6Dd 9fs]sf] x'G5 t}klg To;}df a;]/ sfd ul//fv]sf x'G5g\ . u/]/ rSsfhfd aGbx8tfnh:tf hgtfs} v'fdf aGr/f] xfGg]
s] Pp6f ;fgf] sk8fn] cfgf] 6]a'nsf] w'nf] k'5]/ Pp6f sd{rf/Lsf] c;fdflhs lqmofsnfknfO{ va/bf/L u/f}F, alxisf/ u/f}F lsgls
k|fylds st{Jo lgjf{x ug{ ;lsFb}g / < pgLxsf] x]nrqm\ofOFsf sf/0f Go"gtd dfgjclwsf/ xggsf]
l:ylt;d]t cfpg ;S5, h:t} M
^%_ 7"N7"nf xflsd /fHosf] k};f vr{ u/L ;do;dodf ljb]z e|d0f
hfg] u5{g\ . Psrf]l6 tkfO{+n] ;f]Rg';\ t, cfkm"n] u/]sf] ljb]z e|d0faf6 la/fdL c:ktfndf hfg kfpFb}g,
of] b]zsf nflu tkfO{+n] s] ;Lk, k|ljlw jf 7f]; of]ubfg Nofpg'ePsf]
Jofkf/Ln] Jofkf/ ug{ kfpFb}g,
5<
ljBfyL{n] :s'n hfg kfpFb}g,
^^_ g]tf klxn] gful/s xf] . ef]6 lnP/ g]tf dGqL alg;s]kl5 rfnsn] 6\ofS;L rnfpg kfpFb}g,
sfo{stf{nfO{ x]nrqm\ofOF t ug{'ePg t/ sfo{stf{nfO{ dfq ;do lbP/
>dhLjLn] sd{ ug{ kfpFb}g,
cfgf] d'Vo sfdnfO{ la;{g'ePg .
lzIfsn] k9fpg kfpFb}g,
sd{rf/Ln] sfd ug{ kfpFb}g,
gful/ssf] /fhgLlts;fdflhs e"ldsf ;;fgf gfgLn] b"w vfg kfpFb}g,
^&_ xfdLn] k|hftGq ;b'kof]u ug{ g;s]sf] d'Vo sf/0f xf], xfdLn] ko{6sn] 3'Dg kfpFb}g,
slxNo} ;Ifd, Odfgbf/, b"/bzL{ /fhgLlt1nfO{ g]tf agfpg ;s]gf}F . ofq'n] ofqf ug{ kfpFb}g,
cfjZos k/]sf a]nf ;xof]u kfOPnf eg]/ r'gfjsf a]nf ;w}F xfdLn] x'Fbfx'Fbf dnfdL, hGtL / gjhft lzz'sf] ;d]t clwsf/ xgg
slyt g]tf / cIfd pDd]bjf/nfO{ lhtfP/ k7fof}F . r'gfjdf ef]6 lbFbf x'g] l:ylt cfO/x]sf] 5 .
/fi6lxtsf] nflu ;do ;fk]If b"/bzL{ gLlt ckgfpg ;Sg] Pp6f of]Uo
/ cfbz{ g]tfnfO{ ef]6 lbpFm . gftfjfb / s[kfjfbsf cf8df a]Odfg ^(_ lj/f]w sfo{qmd ;~rfng ubf{ sxfF, slxn], s;n] / s]sf nflu
g]tfxnfO{ ef]6 glbpFm . of] Ps ;r]t gful/ssf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] ul//x]sf] 5, To;sf] hfgsf/L / clu|d ;"rgf lj/f]wstf{;Fu dfuf}F .
clwsf/ st{Jo xf] . jlh{t ;fj{hlgs :yndf To:tf sfo{qmd x'g nfu]sf 5g\ eg] /f]Sg

! !
cg'/f]w u/f}F lsgls To;f] ug{' /fHosf] dfq xf]Og, x/]s gful/ssf]
klg st{Jo xf] .
&)_ cg]stfdf Pstf xfd|f] klxrfg xf] t;y{ efiff, hft, wd{ /
;d'bfosf gfddf ;fDk|bflos kvf{n agfP/ g]kfnLsf] km/flsnf] dg
;fF3'/f] gagfpmF .
&!_ cfk/flws lqmofsnfk /f]Sg x/]s gful/sn] ;'/IffsdL{nfO{
;xof]u u/f}F . cfkm" a:g] ;dfhsf] ;'/Iff /fHosf] dfq xf]Og, x/]s
gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
&@_ hnljB't\nufot cGo ;+/If0f Pj+ ljsf;sf kl/of]hgfdf ;txL
1fgsf] e/df /fo JoQm gu/f}F . k|f1, lj1 / k|fljlwssf] s'/f ;'gf}F /
ljZjf; u/f}F . cfkm"nfO{ yfxf gePsf]df grflxg] 6Lsfl6Kk0fL u/]/
ljsf;sf] sfddf cj/f]w gu/f}F .
&#_ ljutsf lbgxdf g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudn] Pp6f ljdfg lsGg
vf]Hbf ph'/Lsf] e'd/Ldf km;fOxfNy] . s] ;a} dflg; e|i6 x'G5g\ <
/fd|f] sfd ug]{ dflg;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{ xfd|f] st{Jo xf]Og / < ;w}F
z+sfpkz+sf u/]/ Odfgbf/sf] cfFt ;'ls;Sof], ha ls a]OdfgnfO{
s;}n] 5]Sg ;s]g . sfd ug]{nfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbg' / sfd gug]{nfO{
xtf]T;flxt kfg{' xfdL gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
&$_ cfsfz v:nf, hldg kmf6\nf, ad k8\s]nf eg]/ x'l66\ofpFh:t}
8/fP/ lxF8\g]n] slxNo} ljsf;sf] hu xfNg ;Sb}g . Pp6f gful/s
eP/ ;dfhnfO{ ;Sbf] 6]jf k'ofpg] xf] eg] xfdLn] Odfgbf/Lk"j{s w}o{
wf/0f u/L ;f]r]/, a'em]/ cfgf] Ifdtfcg';f/ h]hlt ug{ ;lsG5,
Toltdfq u/]/ klg w]/} k|ult ug{ ;lsG5 .
! !
&%_ gsf/fTds ;f]rdf cNem]/ hLjg kf/ nfUb}g t/ ;w}F ;a} yf]s
7Ls x'G5 egL a]lkmqmL lhGbuL afFRg' klg lbjf:jKg xf] t;y{
;d:of;Fu l;Fuf}/L v]Nb} xfdLn] gsf/fTds v'l6\snf] 6]s]/ ;sf/fTds
eof r9\g ;Sof}F eg] xfdL xfd|f w]/} ;d:of ;'Nemfpg ;S5f}F .
&^_ nIo k|flKtsf nflu xfdLn] cfgf] lbdfu dGyg ubf{ slxn]sfxLF
g/fd|f] ;f]r klg cfpF5 lsgls lbdfu :jfyL{ x'G5, To;}n] lbdfusf]
dGyg bon] ;'g]/ lg0f{o lnof] eg] wf]sf vfOFb}g .
&&_ Ifl0fs :jfy{sf] h'jf -Short Game_ v]n]/ s]xL ;dosf] nflu
dflg;n] ;kmntf xfl;n ug{ ;S5 t/ ;kmntfnfO{ sfod /fvL /fVg
xfdLn] Odfgbf/L / k|lta4tfsf] bL3{sfnLg v]n -Long Game_ g}
v]Ng'k5{ .
&*_ slxn]sfxLF xfdLn] rfx]/ jf grfx]/, hfg]/ jf ghfg]/ e'n
ul//x]sf x'G5f}F . e'n t sfd} gug]{ nf5Ln] dfq ub}{gg\ t/ e"n g}
;kmntfsf] l;F9L xf] eGb} e'ndfly e'n klg ug{'ePg . slxn]sfxLF
xfdLn] csf] cfnf]rgf klg ;'Gg'k5{ / cfgf] e'naf6 kf7 l;s]/
c e'n gug]{ sf]l;; ug{'k5{ .
&(_ hf];'s}n] klg sd{sf] ?v /f]Kgf;fy kmn t'?Gt} kmNb}g . cfkm"n]
/f]k]sf] la?jfsf] /]vb]v cn] ub}{g, cfkm}Fn] ug{'k5{ .
*)_ sf]xL klg ;j{u'0f ;DkGg x'Fb}g . k|To]sdf s]xL g s]xL sdhf]/L
x'G5g\ t/ ;r]t gful/s Tof] xf] h;n] cfgf] sdhf]/L hfGb5, a'5
/ csf] ;xof]u lnP/ cfgf] sdhf]/LnfO{ zlQmdf kl/0ft u5{ .
*!_ ;fgf]7"nf]sf] cfly{s, ef}lts, ;fdflhs, dgf]j}1flgs Pj+
bfz{lgs vf8n k'g{ ;lhnf] 5}g . k}bn lxF8\g]sf nflu ;fOsnjfnf,
;fOsnjfnfsf nflu df]6/;fOsnjfnf, df]6/;fOsnjfnfsf nflu
uf8Ljfnf, ;'s'daf;Lsf nflu hUufwgL, hUufwgLsf nflu 3/wgL,
lkogsf nflu ;'Aaf, ;'Aafsf nflu ;lrj, l;kfxLsf nflu SofK6]g,
SofK6]gsf nflu hg]{n, sfo{stf{sf nflu g]tf / dGqL, oL ;a
;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf w/ftnLo rl/q x'g\ . o;nfO{ l/;/fu / 8fxn]
xf]Og, ;fdflhs / Jofjxfl/s b[li6sf]0fn] x]g{'k5{ .
*@_ e'n ;w}F 7"nf]n] dfq ub}{g, ;fgf]n] klg u5{ . ;dfhsf ;a}
ju{af6 e'n x'g ;S5 . t;y{ ;r]t gful/sn] Gofo / cGofonfO{
hf]Vg ;Sg'k5{ . Gofo;t ljj]slagf ;Eo ;dfh ljsl;t x'Fb}g .
oftfoft / 6flkms If]qdf gful/ssf] st{Jo
*#_ g]kfndf uf8L rnfpFbf rfnsn] rfnssf] dgl:yltaf6 xf]Og,
a6'jfsf] dgl:yltaf6 rnfpg'k5{ lsgeg] oxfF w]/}sf] uf8L 5}g .
To;}n] a6'jfx t km'6kfyaf6 kf] lxF8\g'k5{ eGb} hyfefjL uf8L
rnfpg kfOFb}g . a6'jfn] klg rfnssf] dg ;f6]/ hyfefjL af6f]
sf6\g] ug{'ePg lsgeg] rfns / a6'jf b'j} gful/s x'g\ .
*$_ s] tkfO{+n] kfls{ lgif]lwt If]q df hyfefjL cfgf] jfxg /f]s]/
;8sdf 6flkms hfd t ul//fVg'ePsf] 5}g < c s;}n] hyfefjL
kfls{ u/]/ tkfO{+sf] uf8LnfO{ cj/f]w ul//x]sf] 5 eg] tkfO{+nfO{ slt
l/; p7\5 < To;/L g} s] tkfO{+n] klg Psl5gnfO{ dfq t xf] lg eGb}
hxfF kfof] ToxfF jfxg t];f{P/ cfgf] st{Joaf6 ljd'v t x'g'ePsf] 5}g
< :d/0f /xf];\, sf7df8f}Fsf] clwsf+z 6flkms hfd o:t} ljj]sxLg
! !
rfnssf] x]nrqm\ofOFsf sf/0f x'g] u5{ . t;y{ xfdL ;a} ljj]szLn
eO{ uf8L rnfP/ Pp6f c;n rfnssf] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F .
*%_ cfhsn 6\ofS;Lrfns ;x/sf] clt Jo:t / ;+j]bgzLn
df]8xdf u|fxs s'/]/ al;/x]sf x'G5g\ . sf]xL sf]xL t k5fl8af6 hlt
xg{ lbP klg g;'g]em}F u/L al;/xG5g\ . bf]af6f], rf}af6f] / uNnLcufl8
df]8df uf8L /f]Sg kfOFb}g . To:tf ;+j]bgzLn 7fpFdf s;}n] c6]/ eO{
uf8L /f]ls/fv]sf] 5 eg] x6fpg nufpg' xfd|f] st{Jo xf] .
*^_ df]6/ r9\g] ;a}sf] clwsf/ xf] t/ :s'n / c:ktfncufl8 sfg}
RofTg] u/L xg{ lbg' hfoh xf]Og . ;+j]bgzLn 7fpFdf lglZrt / ;Lldt
ultdf uf8L rnfpg'k5{ .
*&_ la/fdL / j[4j[4f nfdf] ;do;Dd pleg ;Sb}gg\ . a;df ofqf
ubf{ pgLxnfO{ a:g] 7fpF lbP/ gful/ssf] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F <
**_ ;8sdfu{df slxn]sfxLF uf8L lalu|Fbf rfnsn] 9'fsf] 5]sf /fvL
dd{t ug]{ u5{g\ / agfO;s]kl5 clwsf+zn] 9'f ToxLF 5f8]/ hfg] u5{g\
. rfns / sG8S6/sf] of] s:tf] u}/lhDd]jf/Lkg xf] <
*(_ af6f]df ;8s5]p5fp cfgf] hUufdf 3/ k;n agfpFbf ;8ssf]
lsgf/faf6 !%@) lkm6 hUuf 5f8] s;f] xf]nf < eljiodf o;n]
tkfO{+nfO{ g} kmfObf k'ofpF5, 3/sf] zf]ef a9\5 / kfls{ ePkl5
tkfO{+sf] k;ndf laqmL a9\5 .
()_ ;Eo ;dfhdf a6'jfn] hxfF kfof] ToxfFaf6 af6f] sf6\b}g . 6flkms
nfO6 x]/Lsg h]a|f qml;af6 jf csf;] k'naf6 dfq hfG5g\ .
;8ssf] lgod s'g} klg gful/sn] ldRb}g .
(!_ ;8sdf sxLF b'3{6gf eof] eg] 6'n'6'n' tdf;f x]g]{ xf]Og . ls t
xfdLn] ToxfF s]xL d2t ug{ ;Sg'kof], xf]Og eg] cfgf] sfddf v'?Ss
uP/ 36gf:ynnfO{ tdf;f:yn agfpg'ePg .
(@_ b'O{ n]g ;8sdf uf8L /f]s]/ lsgd]n jf cfgf] lrghfgsf]
dfG5]l;t ukm ul//xg'ePg . o;f] ubf{ k5fl8 y'k|} uf8L hfddf k5{g\ .
cfgf] ;'ljwfsf nflu hxfF kfof] ToxfF uf8L /f]s]/ cnfO{ cj/f]w
k'ofpg' Pp6f gful/s / c;n uf8Lrfnssf] st{Jo xf]Og .
(#_ /fhdfu{ jf l//f]8df slxn]sfxLF af6f] aGb eof] eg] xfdL kfnf]
ldr]/ cfgf] uf8L cufl8 nluxfN5f}F . o;f] ubf{ tkfO{+sf] uf8Ln]
ptfaf6 cfpg] uf8L /f]lslbG5 / 306f}F;Dd 6flkms hfddfly hfd
agfOlbG5 . o:tf ljj]sxLg kf/fn] uf8L gxfFsf}F .
($_ ;fF3'/f] af6f] jf uNnLdf df]6/;fOsn kfls{ gu/f}F . tkfO{+sf] 3/
uNnLleq 5 eg] tkfO{+nfO{ slt l/; p7\5 <
(%_ a;df ofqf ubf{ cfkm"nfO{ hxfF kfof] ToxfF cf]n{g] / hxfF kfof]
ToxLF pSng kfOFb}g . To:t} a;n] klg cfgf ofq' cf]/fNg / r9fpg
kfpFb}g . a; t lgwf{l/t la;f}gLdf kf] /f]Sg'k5{ . o;/L a; /f]sL/f]sL
rnfpFbf 6flkms hfd x'G5 . Pshgf ofq'sf] ;'ljwfsf nflu a;nfO{
hxfF kfof] ToxfF /f]s]/ ;f/f af6f]el/ cj/f]w k'ofpg' a; rfns jf
sG8S6/ jf ofq'sf] st{Jo xf]Og .
;+/If0f / ljsf;sf If]qdf gful/ssf] e"ldsf
(^_ Pp6f ;r]t gful/sn] g ljsf;] lemlnldnL r:df g t
! !
;+/If0fsf] sfnf] r:dfn] g} j:t'l:yltsf] d"Nof+sg ug{ ldN5 . ljsf;sf]
d"No -Cost_ / ;+/If0fsf] dfGotf -Value_ bo+ud u/]/ dfq b]zdf
;+/If0fd'vL ;Gt'lnt lbuf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 .
(&_ b]zn] /fhgLlts sf]N6f] km]/]sf a]nf x/]s rf]l6 To;sf] ef/
k|s[ltdf k/]sf] 5 . sflnbf;n] h:t} cfkm" a;]sf] ?vsf] xfFuf gsf6f}F .
k|s[lt / ;+:s[ltnfO{ df;]/ /fhgLlts jf ef}lts ljsf; ub}{df b]z
pFef] nfUb}g . ;+/If0fsf] cjwf/0ff a'em]/ ;Gt'lnt Pj+ ;dfg'kflts
ljsf; ug{' / u/fpg' gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
(*_ lbgk|ltlbg a9\b} uO/x]sf] afSnf] a:tLn] ;x/nfO{ ps';d's';
agfO;s]sf] 5 . ca t sDtLdf klg ;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L sfof{non]
cfgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] hUuf ef8fdf lbP/ k};f sdfpg] ;|f]t aGg
gb]pm . /fHo Jofkf/L xf]Og t;y{ ;/sf/L hUufdf xl/ts/0f u/L
pBfg agfpg bafa lbpFm .
((_ ;x/sf d'Vo v'nf rf]sdf :yfgLo Sna jf gu/kflnsfn] kvf{n
3]/]/ af6f]nfO{ g} ;fF3'/f] agfpg lbg'ePg .
!))_ ;8ssf] bfofF, afofF ;fj{hlgs :yndf Jofkf/LnfO{ OF6, afn'jf,
8G8L, afF; y'kf/]/ a]Rg] 7fpF agfpg lbg'ePg .
!)!_ ;fj{hlgs hUufdf 6s, a; / df]6/;fOsn dd{t ug]{ v'nf
sf/vfgf jf xKtf}F;Dd kfls{ ug{ klg lbg'ePg . ;fj{hlgs :yn
;+/If0f ug]{, u/fpg] sfd ;/sf/sf] dfq xf]Og, cfd gful/ssf] klg
st{Jo xf] .
!)@_ snf;+:s[lt xfd|f w/f]x/ x'g\ . g]kfnsf ljZj ;Dkbf :yn x]g{
;+;f/sf] s'gfsfKrfaf6 ko{6s cfpF5g\ . o:tf] cltLo snfTds
;x/df a:g kfpg' xfd|f] cxf]efUo xf] . t/ cfFv}nfO{ laemfpg] vfnsf
clgoldt / clgolGqt tl/sfn] el8\snf 3/ / ejg agfpg lbP/
;Dkbf :ynsf] ef}lts :jk laufg{ glbpmF . ;DalGwt lgsfon]
;+/If0ftkm{ Wofg glbP klg gful/ssf] x}l;otn] /f]sf}F / /f]Sg nufpFm .
!)#_ h+undf 89]nf] nfUof] eg] jgh+undfq ;vfk kfb}{g, ;Dk"0f{
ufpF3/sf] jftfj/0fdf ;d]t cg]s k|lts"n c;/ kf5{ . t;y{
jgh+undf ufO{j:t' r/fpg hfFbf r'/f]6 lkP/ hxfF kfof] ToxfF
;nfO{sf sf6L / r'/f]6sf] 7'6f] ofFSg] sfd gu/f}F .
!)$_ hn;|f]t k|s[ltsf] j/bfg xf] . kfgLnfO{ arfpg' xfd|f] st{Jo
xf] . 3/sf] wf/faf6 kfgL cfpF5 eGb}df cd[t?kL kfgL hyfefjL vr{
u/]/ ;|f]t gl/TofpmF . kfgLnfO{ k};fh:t} arfP/ xfdLn] Pp6f
gful/ssf] st{Jo kfngf u/f}F .
!)%_ s] tkfOnfO{ yfxf 5 < a9L lah'nL afNof] eg] tkfO{+nfO{ dfq
vr{ a9L kb}{g, /fi6sf] pmhf{ zlQm;d]t sdhf]/ kf5{ . To;}n] grflxg]
7fpFdf aQL lgefOlbpFm / cfkm" aflx/ hfg] a]nf 3/df aQL lgefP/
hfg] afgL a;fnf}F . of] Pp6f gful/ssf] st{Jo xf] .
!)^_ kbofqf Joj;fo g]kfnsf] 7"nf] pBf]u xf] . t/, ufpF3/df sltko
psfnL cf]/fnLdf ?vsf] zLtn 5fof geOlbgfn] cf/fd ug]{ 7fpF 5}g
. t;y{ 6fen Ph]G6 jf :yfgLo Snaxn] To:tf p/f7nfUbf 7fpFdf
j/kLkn /f]k]/ rf}tf/L agfO{ sd{sf ;fy} wd{sf] sfd lsg gug]{ <
!)&_ Knfl:6ssf emf]nf g t afNg ;lsG5 g t uf8\g g} . t;y{
ahf/df lsgd]n ug{ hfFbf xfdLn] sk8fsf] emf]nf k|of]u u/]/
kof{j/0fLo st{Jo lsg kfngf gug]{ <
!)*_ lhDd]jf/L slxn] gaf]Sg] t/ lj/f]wdfq u/L lxF8\g] a'l4hLjLnfO{
;~rf/dfWodn] ;w}F g]tf agfpF5g\ . ca Psrf]l6 ;~rf/sdL{n]
agdf/faf6 la|s]6 agfpg], :yfgLo :t/af6 hn;|f]t pTkfbg ug]{,
ljb]zsf] df]x 5f]8]/ g]kfn cfO{ c:ktfn vf]Ng] sd{of]uLnfO{ k|f]T;flxt
u/f}F .
!)(_ cfhsn xfdL cfkm"n] ug{'kg]{ sfd st{Jo la;]{/ h'g a]nf kfof]
ToxL a]nf a]dtnasf s'/f ul//x]sf x'G5f}F / cfgf] dfq xf]Og, csf]
;do klg a/afb kf5f}{F . xfd|f] st{Jo, xfjfdf xf]Og, xfd|} gfsd'lg 5
. o;af/] ;f]rf}F .
!!)_ cGTodf, xfdL ca hgtfaf6 gful/s agf}F . gful/s aGg O{Zj/
aGg' kb}{g, b'/frf/Ldfq geO lbP k'U5 . Psrf]l6 cGt/cfTdfsf] 9f]sf
vf]n]/ x]/f}F, dgsf] cfjfh ;'gf}F, ljj]ssf] lgodn] cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ g}
lgodg u/f}F . st{Josf] af6f] cfkm}F v'N5 .
Psrf]l6 km]l/ ;f]rf}F, a'emf}F / dgg u/f}F
b]zdf of] ePg, Tof] ePg eg]/ ;/sf/nfO{ dfq ;w}F ufnL ub}{df
;d:of ;dfwfg x'Fb}g . ;dfhnfO{ lgodn] xf]Og, ljj]sn] afFWg'k5{ .
;dfhsf s'/Llt / ljs[lt cfFvf lrDn]/ l:jsfg{' x?jf k|j[lQ xf] .
;d:ofnfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/ ;a} /fd|} x'g]5 egL cfzf /fVg' ;sf/fTds
;f]r xf]Og, dfq lbjf;kgf -Wishful Thinking_ xf] . ;sf/fTds
!
;f]rnfO{ d"t{k lbg ;dfhsf] cFWof/f] kIf klg lgofn]/ x]g'{k5{ .
gsf/fTds v'l8\snfdf 6]s]/ ;sf/fTds eof r9\g'k5{ .
sdLsdhf]/LnfO{ Jofjxfl/s k|lqmofaf6 lg/fs/0f ug{ vf]Hg' /
z'4Ls/0f ug{ vf]Hg' g} Ps ;r]t gful/ssf] e"ldsf xf] . clwsf/
xfd|f] dd{ xf] eg] st{Jo xfd|f] sd{ .
b]zsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs / /fhgLlts ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg kb k};f /
kfj/af6 dfq x'Fb}g, g t x'G5 ;/sf/L k|of;af6, g t cfd"n
/fhgLlts kl/jt{gaf6 . clwsf+z ;d:of xfdL cfkm}Fn] g} hGdfPsf
xf}F, Tof] ;d:of xfd|f] cfkm\g} xf] . o;sf] ;dfwfgsf pkfo klg
xfdLleq} 5g\ . ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] ;fFrf] clwsf/dfq xf]Og, lrGtg /
st{Jo klg xf] . hLjgnfO[{ bz{gn] x]/]/ k'Ub}g, oyfy{n] klg .