Web of Science

Registro 1 de 30
Ttulo: Sustainable management of Great Lakes watersheds dominated by agricultural land

use
Autor(es): Kerr, JM (Kerr, John M.); DePinto, JV (DePinto, Joseph V.); McGrath, D
(McGrath, Dennis); Sowa, SP (Sowa, Scott P.); Swinton, SM (Swinton, Scott M.)
Fonte: JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH Volume: 42 Edio: 6 Pginas:
1252-1259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.10.001 Publicado: DEC 2016
Resumo: Runoff of agricultural nutrients and sediments has led to re-eutrophication of lakes
and impaired stream health in the Great Lakes Basin since around 2000 following earlier
success in protecting water quality. Substantial investment in conservation actions has had
insufficient impact, due in part to a limited basis for understanding the likely environmental
outcomes of those investments. This article introduces a special section focusing on
promoting investment that produces environmental outcomes as opposed to investing in
conservation actions with unknown effects. The special section contains articles in three main
categories: 1) studies based on fine-grain SWAT and other simulation modeling that can
guide the type, amount, and location of conservation investments to increase their
environmental impact; 2) edge-of-field measurement studies that provide updated knowledge
to assist in further refining models to increase their predictive power; and 3) articles
presenting innovative approaches to incentivizing outcome-oriented conservation investment.
Implementation approaches discussed include certifying private crop nutrient advisors as
recommending only appropriate timing, amount, and placement of nutrients; working within
the existing public drain management system to incentivize conservation; and others. The
special section shows that advances in SWAT modeling provide a powerful basis for targeting
conservation investments to protect water quality in the Great Lakes Basin, while also
demonstrating opportunities to further refine the models. It illustrates both the opportunity
and the need to engage in more innovative institutional design of agricultural management
programs that go beyond the traditional government programs and do more to reward
outcomes and not just actions. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research.
Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
Nmero de acesso: WOS:000392564300011
ISSN: 0380-1330
Registro 2 de 30
Ttulo: Using conservation auctions informed by environmental performance models to
reduce agricultural nutrient flows into Lake Erie
Autor(es): Palm-Forster, LH (Palm-Forster, Leah H.); Swinton, SM (Swinton, Scott M.);
Redder, TM (Redder, Todd M.); DePinto, JV (DePinto, Joseph V.); Boles, CMW (Boles,
Chelsie M. W.)
Fonte: JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH Volume: 42 Edio: 6 Pginas:
1357-1371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.08.003 Publicado: DEC 2016
Resumo: Cost-effectively mitigating agricultural nutrient export requires an understanding of
the biophysical characteristics of cropland as well as the behavioral and economic factors that
drive land management decisions. Conservation auctions informed by models that simulate
environmental outcomes have the potential to allocate conservation payments cost-effectively
by funding practices that provide high predicted environmental benefits per dollar spent. This
research tested two forms of conservation auctions. First, experimental auctions were used to
analyze farmer preferences for different types of financial incentives for voluntary
conservation, including direct payments, insurance, tax credits, and stewardship certification
benefits. Second, conservation auctions were conducted in two Ohio counties to evaluate
performance under real-world conditions. Supporting both types of auctions, the Soil and
Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) predicted reductions in phosphorus exported as a function of
the type of conservation practice and farm location. Results of the experimental auctions
showed direct payments and tax credits to be the most cost-effective incentives to mitigate
phosphorus export. The real auctions yielded two important lessons: 1) participation was very
low, due to perceived transaction costs of participation especially on rented fields and for
group bids, and 2) the cost-effectiveness ranking of bids was highly sensitive to the
parameters for soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations in the SWAT model. Future socio-
economic research into payment for environmental services programs should seek cost-
effective mechanisms with lower transaction costs for participants. Future biophysical
research should strengthen our understanding of the factors governing soluble reactive
phosphorus movement, so that models like SWAT can be more reliably parameterized. (C)
2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is
an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
Identificados de autor:
Autor Nmero de ResearcherIDNmero de ORCID
DePinto, Joseph 0000-0001-5834-076X
ISSN: 0380-1330
Registro 3 de 30
Ttulo: Rheumatoid Arthritis in Agricultural Health Study Spouses: Associations with
Pesticides and Other Farm Exposures
Autor(es): Parks, CG (Parks, Christine G.); Hoppin, JA (Hoppin, Jane A.); De Roos, AJ (De
Roos, Anneclaire J.); Costenbader, KH (Costenbader, Karen H.); Alavanja, MC (Alavanja,
Michael C.); Sandler, DP (Sandler, Dale P.)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES Volume: 124 Edio:
11 Pginas: 1728-1734 DOI: 10.1289/EHP129 Publicado: NOV 2016
Resumo: BACKGROUND: Farming has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but
the role of pesticides is not known.
OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between RA and pesticides or other agricultural
exposures among female spouses of licensed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health
Study.
METHODS: Women were enrolled between 1993 and 1997 and followed through 2010.
Cases (n=275 total, 132 incident), confirmed by a physician or by self-reported use of disease
modifying antirheumatic drugs, were compared with noncases (n=24,018). Odds ratios (OR)
and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted
for age, state, and smoking pack-years.
RESULTS: Overall, women with RA were somewhat more likely to have reported lifetime
use of any specific pesticide versus no pesticides (OR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.6). Of the 15
pesticides examined, maneb/mancozeb (OR=3.3; 95% CI: 1.5, 7.1) and glyphosate (OR=1.4;
95% CI: 1.0, 2.1) were associated with incident RA compared with no pesticide use. An
elevated, but non-statistically significant association with incident RA was seen for DDT
(OR=1.9; 95% CI: 0.97, 3.6). Incident RA was also associated with the application of
chemical fertilizers (OR=1.7; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.7) and cleaning with solvents (OR=1.6; 95% CI:
1.1, 2.4), but inversely associated with lifetime livestock exposure as a child and adult
(OR=0.48; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.97) compared with no livestock exposure.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that specific agricultural pesticides, solvents, and
chemical fertilizers may increase the risk of RA in women, while exposures involving animal
contact may be protective.
ID PubMed: 27285288
Parks, Christine 0000-0002-5734-3456
Sandler, Dale 0000-0002-6776-0018
ISSN: 0091-6765
eISSN: 1552-9924
Registro 4 de 30
Ttulo: Monitoring daily evapotranspiration over two California vineyards using Landsat 8 in
a multi-sensor data fusion approach
Autor(es): Semmens, KA (Semmens, Kathryn A.); Anderson, MC (Anderson, Martha C.);
Kustas, WP (Kustas, William P.); Gao, F (Gao, Feng); Alfieri, JG (Alfieri, Joseph G.);
McKee, L (McKee, Lynn); Prueger, JH (Prueger, John H.); Hain, CR (Hain, Christopher R.);
Cammalleri, C (Cammalleri, Carmelo); Yang, Y (Yang, Yun); Xia, T (Xia, Ting); Sanchez, L
(Sanchez, Luis); Alsina, MM (Alsina, Maria Mar); Velez, M (Velez, Monica)
Fonte: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT Volume: 185 Edio especial:
SI Pginas: 155-170 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.025 Publicado: NOV 2016
Resumo: California's Central Valley grows a significant fraction of grapes used for wine
production in the United States. With increasing vineyard acreage, reduced water availability
in much of California, and competing water use interests, it is critical to be able to monitor
regional water use and evapotranspiration (ET) over large areas, but also in detail at
individual field scales to improve water management within these viticulture production
systems. This can be achieved by integrating remote sensing data from multiple satellite
systems with different spatiotemporal characteristics. In this research, we evaluate the utility
of a multi-scale system for monitoring ET as applied over two vineyard sites near Lodi,
California during the 2013 growing season, leading into the drought in early 2014. The
system employs a multi-sensor satellite data fusion methodology (STARFM: Spatial and
Temporal Adaptive Reflective Fusion Model) combined with a multi-scale ET retrieval
algorithm based on the Two Source Energy Balance (TSEB) land-surface representation to
compute daily ET at 30 m resolution. In this system, TSEB is run using thermal band imagery
from the Geostationary Environmental Operational Satellites (GOES; 4 km spatial resolution,
hourly temporal sampling), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)
data (1 km resolution, daily acquisition) and the new Landsat 8 satellite (sharpened to 30 m
resolution, similar to 16 day acquisition). Estimates of daily ET generated in two neighboring
fields of Pinot noir vines of different age agree with ground-based flux measurements
acquired in-field during most of the 2013 season with relative mean absolute errors on the
order of 19-23% (root mean square errors of approximately 1 mm d(-1)), reducing to 14-20%
at the weekly timestep relevant for irrigation management (similar to 5 mm wk(-1)). A model
overestimation of ET in the early season was detected in the younger vineyard, perhaps
relating to an inter-row grass cover crop. Spatial patterns of cumulative ET generally
correspond to measured yield maps and indicate areas of variable crop moisture, soil
condition, and yield within the vineyards that could require adaptive management. The results
suggest that multi-sensor remote sensing observations provide a unique means for monitoring
crop water use and soil moisture status at field-scales over extended growing regions, and
may have value in supporting operational water management decisions in vineyards and other
high value crops. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-
NC-ND license.
Anderson, Martha C-1720-2015 0000-0003-0748-5525
ISSN: 0034-4257
eISSN: 1879-0704
Registro 5 de 30
Ttulo: Assessing the role of climate and resource management on groundwater dependent
ecosystem changes in arid environments with the Landsat archive
Autor(es): Huntington, J (Huntington, Justin); McGwire, K (McGwire, Kenneth); Morton, C
(Morton, Charles); Snyder, K (Snyder, Keirith); Peterson, S (Peterson, Sarah); Erickson, T
(Erickson, Tyler); Niswonger, R (Niswonger, Richard); Carroll, R (Carroll, Rosemary);
Smith, G (Smith, Guy); Allen, R (Allen, Richard)
Fonte: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT Volume: 185 Edio especial:
SI Pginas: 186-197 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.004 Publicado: NOV 2016
Resumo: Groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) rely on near-surface groundwater.
These systems are receiving more attention with rising air temperature, prolonged drought,
and where groundwater pumping captures natural groundwater discharge for anthropogenic
use. Phreatophyte shrublands, meadows, and riparian areas are GDEs that provide critical
habitat for many sensitive species, especially in arid and semi-arid environments. While
GDEs are vital for ecosystem services and function, their long-term (i.e. similar to 30 years)
spatial and temporal variability is poorly understood with respect to local and regional scale
climate, groundwater, and rangeland management. In this work, we compute time series of
NDVI derived from sensors of the Landsat TM, ETM +, and OLI lineage for assessing GDEs
in a variety of land and water management contexts. Changes in vegetation vigor based on
climate, groundwater availability, and land management in arid landscapes are detectable with
Landsat. However, the effective quantification of these ecosystem changes can be undermined
if changes in spectral bandwidths between different Landsat sensors introduce biases in
derived vegetation indices, and if climate, and land and water management histories are not
well understood. The objective of this work is to 1) use the Landsat 8 under-fly dataset to
quantify differences in spectral reflectance and NDVI between Landsat 7 ETM + and Landsat
8 OLI for a range of vegetation communities in arid and semiarid regions of the southwestern
United States, and 2) demonstrate the value of 30-year historical vegetation index and climate
datasets for assessing GDEs. Specific study areas were chosen to represent a range of GDEs
and environmental conditions important for three scenarios: baseline monitoring of vegetation
and climate, riparian restoration, and groundwater level changes. Google's Earth Engine cloud
computing and environmental monitoring platform is used to rapidly access and analyze the
Landsat archive along with downscaled North American Land Data Assimilation System
gridded meteorological data, which are used for both atmospheric correction and correlation
analysis. Results from the cross-sensor comparison indicate a benefit from the application of a
consistent atmospheric correction method, and that NDVI derived from Landsat 7 and 8 are
very similar within the study area. Results from continuous Landsat time series analysis
clearly illustrate that there are strong correlations between changes in vegetation vigor,
precipitation, evaporative demand, depth to groundwater, and riparian restoration. Trends in
summer NDVI associated with riparian restoration and groundwater level changes were found
to be statistically significant, and interannual summer NDVI was found to be moderately
correlated to interannual water-year precipitation for baseline study sites. Results clearly
highlight the complementary relationship between water-year PPT, NDVI, and evaporative
demand, and are consistent with regional vegetation index and complementary relationship
studies. This work is supporting land and water managers for evaluation of GDEs with respect
to climate, groundwater, and resource management. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by
Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
Smith, Guy 0000-0002-4579-8752
ISSN: 0034-4257
eISSN: 1879-0704
Registro 6 de 30
Ttulo: Modelling individual preferences for environmental policy drivers: Empirical
evidence of Italian lifestyle changes using a latent class approach
Autor(es): Valeri, E (Valeri, Eva); Gatta, V (Gatta, Valerio); Teobaldelli, D (Teobaldelli,
Desiree); Polidori, P (Polidori, Paolo); Barratt, B (Barratt, Benjamin); Fuzzi, S (Fuzzi,
Sandro); Kazepov, Y (Kazepov, Yuri); Sergi, V (Sergi, Vittorio); Williams, M (Williams,
Martin); Maione, M (Maione, Michela)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY Volume: 65 Edio especial:
SI Pginas: 65-74 DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2016.05.019 Publicado: NOV 2016
Resumo: Degraded air quality severely affects the health of citizens worldwide. The design
of effective policies requires exploring public preferences for environmental and air quality
policy instruments. Within the EC-FP7 SEFIRA project, using a choice experiment that
stresses the trade-offs between attributes, this study investigates public preferences for
environmental policy drivers in Italy. The main objective is to investigate the role played by
selected policy drivers in determining policy preferences, complemented by elasticity and
willingness to pay estimations. Preference heterogeneity and the role of socio-economic and
attitudinal variables are explored with a latent class model over 2400 respondents sampled
across Italy. The results allow identifying the different role played by the policy drivers across
the classes. It emerged that most of the respondents (43%) are particularly sensitive to the cost
components (cost sensitive respondents). The remaining respondents instead show an
important sensitivity towards personal engagement in term of changes in the mobility and
eating habits (lifestyle-change sensitive respondents). However, while 29% of them perceive
these habits' changes as negatively impacting on the personal utility, the other 28% of
respondents translate the potential changes in the habitual behaviour of driving and eating as
environmental and health benefits. Based on the modelling results, potential policies are
simulated reporting respondents' reaction to selected scenarios. It shows the crucial role
played by reduction of premature deaths due to atmospheric pollution and measure cost. (C)
2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC
BY-NC-ND license.
Fuzzi, Sandro F-2675-2010 0000-0002-5275-2381
Valeri, Eva 0000-0003-3000-0397
ISSN: 1462-9011
eISSN: 1873-6416
Registro 7 de 30
Ttulo: A sub-field scale critical source area index for legacy phosphorus management using
high resolution data
Autor(es): Thomas, IA (Thomas, I. A.); Mellandera, PE (Mellandera, P. -E.); Murphy, PNC
(Murphy, P. N. C.); Fenton, O (Fenton, O.); Shine, O (Shine, O.); Djodjic, F (Djodjic, F.);
Dunlop, P (Dunlop, P.); Jordan, P (Jordan, P.)
Fonte: AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT Volume: 233 Pginas: 238-
252 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2016.09.012 Publicado: OCT 3 2016
Resumo: Diffuse phosphorus (P) mitigation in agricultural catchments should be targeted at
critical source areas (CSAs) that consider source and transport factors. However, development
of CSA identification needs to consider the mobilisation potential of legacy soil P sources at
the field scale, and the control of (micro) topography on runoff generation and hydrological
connectivity at the sub-field scale. To address these limitations, a 'next generation' sub-field
scale CSA index is presented, which predicts the risk of dissolved P losses in runoff from
legacy soil P. The GIS-based CSA Index integrates two factors; mobile soil P concentrations
(water extractable P; WEP) and a hydrologically sensitive area (HSA) index. The HSA Index
identifies runoff-generating-areas using high resolution LiDAR Digital Elevation Models
(DEMs), a soil topographic index (STI) and information on flow sinks and effects on
hydrological connectivity. The CSA Index was developed using four intensively monitored
agricultural catchments (7.5-11 km(2)) in Ireland with contrasting agri-environmental
conditions. Field scale soil WEP concentrations were estimated using catchment and land use
specific relationships with Morgan P concentrations. In-stream total reactive P (TRP)
concentrations and discharge were measured sub-hourly at catchment outlet bankside
analysers and gauging stations during winter closed periods for fertiliser spreading in 2009-
14, and hydrograph/loadograph separation methods were used to estimate TRP loads and
proportions from quicicflow (surface runoff). A strong relationship between TRP
concentrations in quicicflow and soil WEP concentrations (r(2) = 0.73) was used to predict
dissolved P concentrations in runoff at the field scale, which were then multiplied by the HSA
Index to generate sub-field scale CSA Index maps. Evaluation of the tool showed a very
strong relationship between the total CSA Index value within the HSA and the total TRP load
in quickflow (r(2) = 0.86). Using a CSA Index threshold value of >= 0.5, the CSA approach
identified 1.1-5.6% of catchment areas at highest risk of legacy soil P transfers, compared
with 4.0-26.5% of catchment areas based on an existing approach that uses above agronomic
optimum soil P status. The tool could be used to aid cost-effective targeting of sub-field scale
mitigation measures and best management practices at delivery points of CSA pathways to
reduce dissolved P losses from legacy P stores and support sustainable agricultural
production. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article
under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Fenton, Owen D-4377-2009 0000-0001-7119-2538
Djodjic, Faruk 0000-0002-2172-242X
Dunlop, Paul 0000-0001-9503-5545
ISSN: 0167-8809
eISSN: 1873-2305
Registro 8 de 30
Ttulo: Cultural ecosystem services of mountain regions: Modelling the aesthetic value
Autor(es): Schirpke, U (Schirpke, Uta); Timmermann, F (Timmermann, Florian); Tappeiner,
U (Tappeiner, Ulrike); Tasser, E (Tasser, Erich)
Fonte: ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS Volume: 69 Pginas: 78-90 DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.04.001 Publicado: OCT 2016
Resumo: Mountain regions meet an increasing demand for pleasant landscapes, offering
many cultural ecosystem services to both their residents and tourists. As a result of global
change, land managers and policy makers are faced with changes to this landscape and need
efficient evaluation techniques to assess cultural ecosystem services. This study provides a
spatially explicit modelling approach to estimating aesthetic landscape values by relating
spatial landscape patterns to human perceptions via a photo-based survey. The respondents
attributed higher aesthetic values to the Alpine landscape in respect to areas with settlements,
infrastructure or intensive agricultural use. The aesthetic value of two study areas in the
Central Alps (Stubai Valley, Austria and Vinschgau, Italy) was modelled for 10,215
viewpoints along hiking trails according to current land cover and a scenario considering the
spontaneous reforestation of abandoned land. Viewpoints with high aesthetic values were
mainly located at high altitude, allowing long vistas, and included views of lakes or glaciers,
and the lowest values were for viewpoints close to streets and in narrow valleys with little
view. The aesthetic values of the reforestation scenario decreased mainly at higher altitudes,
but the whole area was affected, reducing aesthetic value by almost 10% in Stubai Valley and
15% in Vinschgau. Our proposed modelling approach allows the estimation of aesthetic
values in spatial and qualitative terms for most viewpoints in the European Alps. The
resulting maps can be used as information and the basis for discussion by stakeholders, to
support the decision-making process and landscape planning. This paper also discusses the
role of mountain farming in preserving an attractive landscape and related cultural values. (C)
2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC
BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
ID PubMed: 27482152
Tappeiner, Ulrike 0000-0002-0195-7459
ISSN: 1470-160X
eISSN: 1872-7034
Registro 9 de 30
Ttulo: Airborne based spectroscopy of red and far-red sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence:
Implications for improved estimates of gross primary productivity
Autor(es): Wieneke, S (Wieneke, S.); Ahrends, H (Ahrends, H.); Damm, A (Damm, A.);
Pinto, F (Pinto, F.); Stadler, A (Stadler, A.); Rossini, M (Rossini, M.); Rascher, U (Rascher,
U.)
Fonte: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT Volume: 184 Pginas: 654-667 DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.025 Publicado: OCT 2016
Resumo: Remote sensing (RS)'approaches commonly applied to constrain estimates of gross
primary production (GPP) employ greenness-based vegetation indices derived from surface
reflectance data. Such approaches cannot capture dynamic changes of photosynthesis rates as
caused by environmental stress. Further, applied vegetation indices are often affected by
background reflectance or saturation effects. Sun. induced chlorophyll fluorescence (F)
provides the most direct measure of photosynthesis and has been recently proposed as a new
RS approach to improve estimates of GPP and tracing plant stress reactions. This work aims
to provide further evidence on the complementary information content of F and its relation to
changes in photosynthetic activity compared to traditional RS approaches. We use the
airborne imaging spectrometer HyPlant to obtain several F products including red
fluorescence (F-687), far-red fluorescence (F-760), F-760 yield (F-760yield) and the ration
between F-687 and F-760 (F-ratio). We calculate several vegetation indices indicative for
vegetation greenness. We apply a recently proposed F-based semi-mechanistic approach to
improve the forward modeling of GPP using F-760 and compare this approach with a
traditional one based on vegetation greenness and ground measurements of GPP derived from
chamber measurements. In addition, we assess the sensitivity of F-760yield and Fratio for
environmental stress. Our results show an improved predictive capability of GPP when using
F-760 compared to greenness-based vegetation indices. F-760yield and F-ratio show a strong
variability in time and between different crop types suffering from different levels of water
shortage, indicating a strong sensitivity of F products for plant stress reactions. We conclude
that the new RS approach of F provides complements to the set of commonly applies RS: The
use of F-760 improves constraining estimates of GPP while the ratio of red and far-red F
shows large potential for tracking spatio-temporal plant adaptation in response to
environmental stress conditions. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an
open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
ISSN: 0034-4257
eISSN: 1879-0704
Registro 10 de 30
Ttulo: Predicting environmental mitigation requirements for hydropower projects through
the integration of biophysical and socio-political geographies
Autor(es): DeRolph, CR (DeRolph, Christopher R.); Schramm, MP (Schramm, Michael P.);
Bevelhimer, MS (Bevelhimer, Mark S.)
Fonte: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT Volume: 566 Pginas: 888-
918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.099 Publicado: OCT 1 2016
Resumo: Uncertainty about environmental mitigation needs at existing and proposed
hydropower projects makes it difficult for stakeholders to minimize environmental impacts.
Hydropower developers and operators desire tools to better anticipate mitigation
requirements, while natural resource managers and regulators need tools to evaluate different
mitigation scenarios and order effective mitigation. Here we sought to examine the feasibility
of using a suite of multi-faceted explanatory variables within a spatially explicit modeling
framework to fit predictive models for future environmental mitigation requirements at
hydropower projects across the conterminous U.S. Using a database comprised of mitigation
requirements from more than 300 hydropower project licenses, we were able to successfully
fit models for nearly 50 types of environmental mitigation and to apply the predictive models
to a set of more than 500 non-powered dams identified as having hydropower potential. The
results demonstrate that mitigation requirements are functions of a range of factors, from
biophysical to socio-political. Project developers can use these models to inform cost
projections and design considerations, while regulators can use the models to more quickly
identify likely environmental issues and potential solutions, hopefully resulting in more
timely and more effective decisions on environmental mitigation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
ID PubMed: 27280379
Schramm, Michael 0000-0003-1876-6592
ISSN: 0048-9697
eISSN: 1879-1026
Registro 11 de 30
Ttulo: Financial incentives: Possible options for sustainable rangeland management?
Autor(es): Louhaichi, M (Louhaichi, Mounir); Yigezu, YA (Yigezu, Yigezu A.); Werner, J
(Werner, Jutta); Dashtseren, L (Dashtseren, Lojoo); El-Shater, T (El-Shater, Tamer); Ahmed,
M (Ahmed, Mohamed)
Fonte: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Volume: 180 Pginas: 493-
503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.077 Publicado: SEP 15 2016
Resumo: Large-scale mismanagement of natural resources emanating from lack of
appropriate policies and regulatory framework is arguably one of the reasons that led to
resource degradation and poor livelihoods in many countries in the Middle East and North
Africa (MENA) region. Sustainable rangeland management practices (SRMPs) are considered
to be a solution to feed shortages and rangeland degradation. However, the scope for SRMP
adoption, has been a subject of debate. Using a case study from Syria and the application of
the Minimum Data Analysis method (TOA-MD), this paper provides empirical evidence for
ensuring wider adoption of SRMP. The paper argues that the introduction of financial
incentives in the form of payments for agricultural-environmental services can increase the
economic viability and enhance the adoption of SRMPs and is a better alternative to the
unsustainable state subsidies for fodder purchases and barley cultivation on rangelands.
Model results indicate that further investment in reasearch toward generating low cost
technologies and tailored governance strategies including a financial incentive system would
lead to better management of rangelands and improve livelihoods in the Syrian Badia. These
findings are valuable for policy makers, donors as well as development and extension
practitioners in the MENA region as they can better inform future courses of actions. (C)
2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ID PubMed: 27288553
ISSN: 0301-4797
eISSN: 1095-8630
Registro 12 de 30
Ttulo: Water quality permitting: From end-of-pipe to operational strategies
Autor(es): Meng, FL (Meng, Fanlin); Fu, GT (Fu, Guangtao); Butler, D (Butler, David)
Fonte: WATER RESEARCH Volume: 101 Pginas: 114-126 DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.078 Publicado: SEP 15 2016
Resumo: End-of-pipe permitting is a widely practised approach to control effluent discharges
from wastewater treatment plants. However, the effectiveness of the traditional regulation
paradigm is being challenged by increasingly complex environmental issues, ever growing
public expectations on water quality and pressures to reduce operational costs and greenhouse
gas emissions. To minimise overall environmental impacts from urban wastewater treatment,
an operational strategy-based permitting approach is proposed and a four-step decision
framework is established: 1) define performance indicators to represent stakeholders'
interests, 2) optimise operational strategies of urban wastewater systems in accordance to the
indicators, 3) screen high performance solutions, and 4) derive permits of operational
strategies of the wastewater treatment plant. Results from a case study show that operational
cost, variability of wastewater treatment efficiency and environmental risk can be
simultaneously reduced by at least 7%, 70% and 78% respectively using an optimal integrated
operational strategy compared to the baseline scenario. However, trade-offs exist between the
objectives thus highlighting the need of expansion of the prevailing wastewater management
paradigm beyond the narrow focus on effluent water quality of wastewater treatment plants.
Rather, systems thinking should be embraced by integrated control of all forms of urban
wastewater discharges and coordinated regulation of environmental risk and treatment cost
effectiveness. It is also demonstrated through the case study that permitting operational
strategies could yield more environmentally protective solutions without entailing more cost
than the conventional end-of-pipe permitting approach. The proposed four-step permitting
framework builds on the latest computational techniques (e.g. integrated modelling, multi-
objective optimisation, visual analytics) to efficiently optimise and interactively identify high
performance solutions. It could facilitate transparent decision making on water quality
management as stakeholders are involved in the entire process and their interests are explicitly
evaluated using quantitative metrics and trade-offs considered in the decision making process.
We conclude that the operational strategy-based permitting shows promising for regulators
and water service providers alike. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is
an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ID PubMed: 27262116
ISSN: 0043-1354
Registro 13 de 30
Ttulo: Potential for mine water sharing to reduce unregulated discharge
Autor(es): Gao, L (Gao, Lei); Hou, CH (Hou, Caihong); Chen, Y (Chen, Yun); Barrett, D
(Barrett, Damian); Mallants, D (Mallants, Dirk); Li, WG (Li, Wanggen); Liu, R (Liu, Rui)
Fonte: JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Volume: 131 Pginas: 133-144 DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.061 Publicado: SEP 10 2016
Resumo: Australia's mining sector periodically suffered huge losses both directly and
indirectly from mismanagement of mine water during extreme climatic events. Mine water
managers still lack cost-effective tools and strategies to manage both climate-influenced
drought and flooding challenges. This paper aims to answer a fundamental question in mine
water management: how much can a water sharing approach do to reduce unpermitted
(unregulated) mine-affected water to overflow to the environment on a regional scale? To this
end, we built a climate-driven hierarchical systems model (C-HSM) of sixteen coal mines in
the Bowen Basin of Queensland, Australia. The C-HSM simulated the dynamics of the mine
water systems, which was then the basis to assess the potential of mine water sharing to
reduce unregulated discharge. We found that mine water sharing could greatly cut down
regional unregulated discharge during the 2010-2011 wet season (which included an extreme
flooding event). The cost of building such a regional-scale sharing infrastructure for
redistributing water was found to be competitive to the lost revenue due to reduced coal
production. The capital cost could potentially be further reduced by using existing water
pipelines such as those used for coal seam gas water management or considering cheap
transporting options. Once the sharing infrastructure has been installed, it can prevent periodic
suffering of mines from climate extremes. Combined with an actively regulated discharge
strategy, the water sharing approach could almost completely eliminate the unregulated
discharge and maintain mine water storages at a secure level. The capital and operational cost
for the combined approach can be considerably reduced and the shared water could be stored
at other sites (mines, water holding ponds from coal seam gas industry) and used for water-
limited periods.
This is the first work that explores the theoretical potential of mine water sharing to mitigate
the risk of unregulated discharge. The work presented here reveals that mine water sharing
could help mine water managers respond to a sudden change in extremes such as switching
from extreme 'dry' to extreme 'wet' conditions. A combined mine water sharing strategy
would be worth considering by mine water managers, due to its advantages in regards to
safety, relatively lower implementation costs, its effectiveness of reducing unregulated
discharge that may cause environmental harm and conserving excess water for future water-
limited periods. The ultimate value of water savings through a sharing scheme may be
considerable as it influences mining industry's social license-to-operate in the long term,
especially under conditions where there is a water security issue of decreasing availability and
increasing competition. The work also highlights the benefits of systems modeling in
supporting mine water managers with strategic decision making. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
Gao, Lei F-9698-2010 0000-0003-4272-9417
Chen, Yun C-8672-2011
Mallants, Dirk A-5727-2012 0000-0001-7282-1981
Barrett, Damian C-7972-2009 0000-0002-8215-4892
ISSN: 0959-6526
eISSN: 1879-1786
Registro 14 de 30
Ttulo: A comparison of health impacts assessment for PM10 during two successive years in
the ambient air of Kermanshah, Iran
Autor(es): Marzouni, MB (Marzouni, Mohammad Bagherian); Alizadeh, T (Alizadeh,
Touba); Banafsheh, MR (Banafsheh, Majid Rezaei); Khorshiddoust, AM (Khorshiddoust, Ali
Mohammad); Ghozikali, MG (Ghozikali, Mohammad Ghanbari); Akbaripoor, S (Akbaripoor,
Shayan); Sharifi, R (Sharifi, Rahman); Goudarzi, G (Goudarzi, Gholamreza)
Fonte: ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH Volume: 7 Edio: 5 Pginas: 768-
774 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2016.04.004 Publicado: SEP 2016
Resumo: Kermanshah as fairly important industrial city suffered from air pollution specially
dust storm during the recent decade. The main purpose of this study was to compare
quantitatively the health impacts of PM10 on citizens of Kermanshah city during two
successive years. The hourly data of PM10 was taken from Kermanshah Environmental
Protection Agency (KEPA) which was measured by Beta attenuation method. We used a
health effect model for quantification which was based on baseline incidence (BI), relative
risk (RR) and attributable proportion (AP). Our findings showed that 7.6, 11, 15.1, 13.5 and
7.6 percent of total mortality (TM), cardiovascular mortality (CM), respiratory mortality
(RM), hospital admission respiratory disease (HARD) and hospital admission cardiovascular
disease (HACD) were attributable to short term exposure to PM10, respectively in 2011. With
regarding to two years in view of short term health effects, we observed that 20 percent
reduction occurred in 2012 compared with 2011. We also concluded that 48 and 12 percent of
all health impacts were attributed to occurrence of Middle East Dust (MED) storms during
2011 and 2012, respectively. Copyright (C) 2016 Turkish National Committee for Air
Pollution Research and Control. Production and hosting by Elsevier B. V. This is an open
access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
ISSN: 1309-1042
Registro 15 de 30
Ttulo: Multi-scale land-use disaggregation modelling: Concept and application to EU
countries
Autor(es): Lamboni, M (Lamboni, Matieyendou); Koeble, R (Koeble, Renate); Leip, A
(Leip, Adrian)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE Volume: 82 Pginas: 183-
217 DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.04.028 Publicado: AUG 2016
Resumo: Changes of carbon stocks in agricultural soils, emissions of greenhouse gases from
agriculture, and the delivery of ecosystem services of agricultural landscapes depend on
combinations of land-use, livestock density, farming practices, climate and soil types. Many
environmental processes are highly non-linear. If the analysis of the environmental impact is
based on data at a relatively coarse-scale (e.g. farm, country, or large administrative regions),
conclusions can be misleading. For an accurate assessment of agri-environmental indicators,
data of agricultural activities and their dynamics are needed at high spatial resolution. In this
paper, we develop and validate a spatial model for predicting the agricultural land-use areas
within the homogenous spatial units (HSUs). For the EU-28 countries, we distinguish about
1.5 x 10(5) HSUs and we consider 30 possible land-uses to match with the classification used
in the Common Agricultural Policy Regionalized Impact (CAPRI) model. The comparison of
model predictions with independent observations and with a simple rule-based approach at
HSU level demonstrates that the predictions are generally accurate in more than 75 % of
HSUs. The frequent crops or land-use are better predicted. For non-frequent crops and/or
crops requiring specific cultivation conditions, the model needs further fine-tuning. (C) 2016
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-
ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
ISSN: 1364-8152
eISSN: 1873-6726
Registro 16 de 30
Ttulo: Toward improved simulation of river operations through integration with a hydrologic
model
Autor(es): Morway, ED (Morway, Eric D.); Niswonger, RG (Niswonger, Richard G.);
Triana, E (Triana, Enrique)
Resumo: Advanced modeling tools are needed for informed water resources planning and
management. Two classes of modeling tools are often used to this end-(1) distributed-
parameter hydrologic models for quantifying supply and (2) river-operation models for
sorting out demands under rule-based systems such as the prior-appropriation doctrine.
Within each of these two broad classes of models, there are many software tools that excel at
simulating the processes specific to each discipline, but have historically over-simplified, or at
worse completely neglected, aspects of the other. As a result, water managers reliant on river-
operation models for administering water resources need improved tools for representing
spatially and temporally varying groundwater resources in conjunctive-use systems. A new
tool is described that improves the representation of groundwater/surface-water (GW-SW)
interaction within a river-operations modeling context and, in so doing, advances evaluation
of system-wide hydrologic consequences of new or altered management regimes. Published
by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ISSN: 1364-8152
eISSN: 1873-6726
Registro 17 de 30
Ttulo: Participatory modelling for stakeholder involvement in the development of flood risk
management intervention options
Autor(es): Maskrey, SA (Maskrey, Shaun A.); Mount, NJ (Mount, Nick J.); Thorne, CR
(Thorne, Colin R.); Dryden, I (Dryden, Ian)
Resumo: Advancing stakeholder participation beyond consultation offers a range of benefits
for local flood risk management, particularly as responsibilities are increasingly devolved to
local levels. This paper details the design and implementation of a participatory approach to
identify intervention options for managing local flood risk. Within this approach, Bayesian
networks were used to generate a conceptual model of the local flood risk system, with a
particular focus on how different interventions might achieve each of nine participant
objectives. The model was co-constructed by flood risk experts and local stakeholders. The
study employs a novel evaluative framework, examining both the process and its outcomes
(short-term substantive and longer-term social benefits). It concludes that participatory
modelling techniques can facilitate the identification of intervention options by a wide range
of stakeholders, and prioritise a subset for further investigation. They can help support a
broader move towards active stakeholder participation in local flood risk management. (C)
2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Dryden, Ian C-8742-2017 0000-0003-4900-3571
ISSN: 1364-8152
eISSN: 1873-6726
Registro 18 de 30
Ttulo: Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Magnesia Spinel Brick
Production
Autor(es): Ozkan, A (Ozkan, Aysun); Gunkaya, Z (Gunkaya, Zerrin); Tok, G (Tok, Gulden);
Karacasulu, L (Karacasulu, Levent); Metesoy, M (Metesoy, Melike); Banar, M (Banar,
Mufide); Kara, A (Kara, Alpagut)
Fonte: SUSTAINABILITY Volume: 8 Edio: 7 Nmero do artigo: 662 DOI:
10.3390/su8070662 Publicado: JUL 2016
Resumo: Sustainable use of natural resources in the production of construction materials has
become a necessity both in Europe and Turkey. Construction products in Europe should have
European Conformity (CE) and Environmental Product Declaration (EPD), an independently
verified and registered document in line with the European standard EN 15804. An EPD
certificate can be created by performing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study. In this
particular work, an LCA study was carried out for a refractory brick production for
environmental assessment. In addition to the LCA, the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis was
also applied for economic assessment. Firstly, a cradle-to-gate LCA was performed for one
ton of magnesia spinel refractory brick. The CML IA method included in the licensed
SimaPro 8.0.1 software was chosen to calculate impact categories (namely, abiotic depletion,
global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, human toxicity,
ecotoxicity, ozone depletion potential, and photochemical oxidation potential). The LCC
analysis was performed by developing a cost model for internal and external cost categories
within the software. The results were supported by a sensitivity analysis. According to the
results, the production of raw materials and the firing process in the magnesia spinel brick
production were found to have several negative effects on the environment and were costly.
BANAR, MUFIDE 0000-0003-2795-6208
Gunkaya, Zerrin 0000-0002-7553-9129
ISSN: 2071-1050
Registro 19 de 30
Ttulo: Comparing the environmental performance of mixed and specialised dairy farms: the
role of the system level analysed
Autor(es): Marton, SMRR (Marton, Silvia M. R. R.); Zimmermann, A (Zimmermann,
Albert); Kreuzer, M (Kreuzer, Michael); Gaillard, G (Gaillard, Gerard)
10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.074 Publicado: JUN 15 2016
Resumo: Mixed crop-livestock systems are often considered more environmental friendly
compared to specialised systems, but due to the interactions between different farming
activities, it is not trivial to quantify possible benefits. Using life cycle assessment (LCA), we
tested different allocation procedures and system expansion through avoided burden to
compare the environmental impact of milk from either specialised or mixed dairy production
systems (product level). In a second approach, we compared the whole farming systems with
additive system expansion, where the functional unit comprised milk, live animals sold for
meat production and crops (farm level). On the product level, milk from the mixed farm had
higher non-renewable cumulative energy demand, terrestrial ecotoxicity and phosphorus use,
but lower aquatic eutrophication N, independently of the allocation method. For all other
impact categories, differences were not significant. On the farm level, results were partially
reversed. The mixed system had a lower energy demand and potassium use, while phosphorus
use was higher. All other differences were not significant on farm level. The different
rankings on product and on farm level were caused by the way manure was attributed to the
farming activities. In order to avoid allocation, manure management was sub-divided into
storage and application processes. Storage was attributed to dairy production, application to
dairy production only if applied on grassland or feed crops, and to cash crops when applied to
produce these crops. Manure applied on cash crop areas was thus out of the scope of the
product approach, and mineral fertilisers that could be saved within the cash crop production
were thus not attributed to milk production. We conclude that only system expansion was able
to cope with the complexity of mixed farming systems in LCA. Based on our results with
modelled farms, mixed farming showed the potential to reduce environmental impacts
compared to specialised farming. Nevertheless, due to the complexity of the system regarding
farm management and interactions between cropping and livestock activities, only an
assessment with real farm data could reveal the actual benefits of such systems. (C) 2016 The
Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Kreuzer, Michael E-7697-2015 0000-0002-9978-1171
Marton, Silvia 0000-0003-0928-3441
ISSN: 0959-6526
eISSN: 1879-1786
Registro 20 de 30
Ttulo: Predicting chronic copper and nickel reproductive toxicity to Daphnia pulex-pulicaria
from whole-animal metabolic profiles
Autor(es): Taylor, NS (Taylor, Nadine S.); Kirwan, JA (Kirwan, Jennifer A.); Johnson, C
(Johnson, Craig); Yan, ND (Yan, Norman D.); Viant, MR (Viant, Mark R.); Gunn, JM (Gunn,
John M.); McGeer, JC (McGeer, James C.)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Volume: 212 Pginas: 325-329 DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.074 Publicado: MAY 2016
Resumo: The emergence of omics approaches in environmental research has enhanced our
understanding of the mechanisms underlying toxicity; however, extrapolation from molecular
effects to whole-organism and population level outcomes remains a considerable challenge.
Using environmentally relevant, sublethal, concentrations of two metals (Cu and Ni), both
singly and in binary mixtures, we integrated data from traditional chronic, partial life-cycle
toxicity testing and metabolomics to generate a statistical model that was predictive of
reproductive impairment in a Daphnia pulex-pulicaria hybrid that was isolated from an
historically metal-stressed lake. Furthermore, we determined that the metabolic profiles of
organisms exposed in a separate acute assay were also predictive of impaired reproduction
following metal exposure. Thus we were able to directly associate molecular profiles to a key
population response - reproduction, a key step towards improving environmental risk
assessment and management. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an
open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
ID PubMed: 26854702
Gunn, John F-8057-2012
Kirwan, Jennifer 0000-0002-5423-1651
Yan, Norman 0000-0003-4870-6865
ISSN: 0269-7491
eISSN: 1873-6424
Registro 21 de 30
Ttulo: Multi-pollutant exposure profiles associated with term low birth weight in Los
Angeles County
Autor(es): Coker, E (Coker, Eric); Liverani, S (Liverani, Silvia); Ghosh, JK (Ghosh, Jo Kay);
Jerrett, M (Jerrett, Michael); Beckerman, B (Beckerman, Bernardo); Li, A (Li, Arthur); Ritz,
B (Ritz, Beate); Molitor, J (Molitor, John)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL Volume: 91 Pginas: 1-13 DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.011 Publicado: MAY 2016
Resumo: Research indicates that multiple outdoor air pollutants and adverse neighborhood
conditions are spatially correlated. Yet health risks associated with concurrent exposure to air
pollution mixtures and clustered neighborhood factors remain underexplored. Statistical
models to assess the health effects from pollutant mixtures remain limited, due to problems of
collinearity between pollutants and area-level covariates, and increases in covariate
dimensionality. Here we identify pollutant exposure profiles and neighborhood contextual
profiles within Los Angeles (LA) County. We then relate these profiles with term low birth
weight (TLBW). We used land use regression to estimate NO2, NO, and PM2.5
concentrations averaged over census block groups to generate pollutant exposure profile
clusters and census block group-level contextual profile clusters, using a Bayesian profile
regression method. Pollutant profile cluster risk estimation was implemented using a
multilevel hierarchical model, adjusting for individual-level covariates, contextual profile
cluster random effects, and modeling of spatially structured and unstructured residual error.
Our analysis found 13 clusters of pollutant exposure profiles. Correlations between study
pollutants varied widely across the 13 pollutant clusters. Pollutant clusters with elevated NO2,
NO, and PM2.5 concentrations exhibited increased log odds of TLBW, and those with low
PM2.5, NO2, and NO concentrations showed lower log odds of TLBW. The spatial patterning
of pollutant cluster effects on TLBW, combined with between-pollutant correlations within
pollutant clusters, imply that traffic-related primary pollutants influence pollutant cluster
TLBW risks. Furthermore, contextual clusters with the greatest log odds of TLBW had more
adverse neighborhood socioeconomic, demographic, and housing conditions. Our data
indicate that, while the spatial patterning of high-risk multiple pollutant clusters largely
overlaps with adverse contextual neighborhood cluster, both contribute to TLBW while
controlling for the other. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open
access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ID PubMed: 26891269
jerrett, michael 0000-0002-4121-0587
ISSN: 0160-4120
eISSN: 1873-6750
Registro 22 de 30
Ttulo: Environmental sustainability in industrial manufacturing: re-examining the greening
of Interface's business model
Autor(es): Rajala, R (Rajala, Risto); Westerlund, M (Westerlund, Mika); Lampikoski, T
(Lampikoski, Tommi)
10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.12.057 Publicado: MAR 1 2016
Resumo: In the face of mounting public environmental and societal concerns, firms are
incorporating sustain ability into their business models. However, previous research has paid
little attention to how companies can renew their business model to take better account of
environmental sustainability at the organizational level in their business ecosystems. This
study fills this gap in the literature through a longitudinal case study of the greening of the
business model of the US-based carpet manufacturer Interface. The findings delineate the
change in the company's business model, stressing the role of managerial agency in
organizational identity formation and in making a favorable change in the ecosystem. Hence,
the study examines the links between managerial agency, organizational identity, and business
ecosystems with regards to business model greening, and it discusses how shifts in managerial
thinking have enabled the company to build the capabilities needed for the change. The article
concludes by linking the findings to the body of knowledge on strategic change and providing
a new conceptualization of a company's business model greening. (C) 2015 The Authors.
Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
ISSN: 0959-6526
eISSN: 1879-1786
Registro 23 de 30
Ttulo: Spatial and temporal associations of road traffic noise and air pollution in London:
Implications for epidemiological studies
Autor(es): Fecht, D (Fecht, Daniela); Hansell, AL (Hansell, Anna L.); Morley, D (Morley,
David); Dajnak, D (Dajnak, David); Vienneau, D (Vienneau, Danielle); Beevers, S (Beevers,
Sean); Toledano, MB (Toledano, Mireille B.); Kelly, FJ (Kelly, Frank J.); Anderson, HR
(Anderson, H. Ross); Gulliver, J (Gulliver, John)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL Volume: 88 Pginas: 235-242 DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2015.12.001 Publicado: MAR 2016
Resumo: Road traffic gives rise to noise and air pollution exposures, both of which are
associated with adverse health effects especially for cardiovascular disease, but mechanisms
may differ. Understanding the variability in correlations between these pollutants is essential
to understand better their separate and joint effects on human health. We explored
associations between modelled noise and air pollutants using different spatial units and area
characteristics in London in 2003-2010.
We modelled annual average exposures to road traffic noise (L-Aeq,L-24 h. L-den, L-Aeq,L-
16 h, L-night) for similar to 190,000 postcode centroids in London using the UK Calculation
of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN) method. We used a dispersion model (KCLurban) to model
nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ozone, total and the traffic-only component of particulate
matter <= 2.5 mu m and <= 10 mu m. We analysed noise and air pollution correlations at the
postcode level (similar to 50 people), postcodes stratified by London Boroughs (similar to
240,000 people), neighbourhoods (Lower layer Super Output Areas) (similar to 1600 people),
1 km grid squares, air pollution tertiles, 50 m, 100 m and 200 m in distance from major roads
and by deprivation tertiles.
Across all London postcodes, we observed overall moderate correlations between modelled
noise and air pollution that were stable over time (Spearman's rho range: vertical bar 034-0.55
vertical bar). Correlations, however, varied considerably depending on the spatial unit: largest
ranges were seen in neighbourhoods and 1 km grid squares (both Spearman's rho range:
vertical bar 0.01-0.87 vertical bar) and was less for Boroughs (Spearman's rho range: vertical
bar 0.21-0.78 vertical bar). There was little difference in correlations between exposure
tertiles, distance from road or deprivation tertiles.
Associations between noise and air pollution at the relevant geographical unit of analysis need
to be carefully considered in any epidemiological analysis, in particular in complex urban
areas. Low correlations near roads, however, suggest that independent effects of road noise
and traffic-related air pollution can be reliably determined within London. (C) 2015 The
Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
ID PubMed: 26773394
Fecht, Daniela 0000-0002-0738-0013
ISSN: 0160-4120
eISSN: 1873-6750
Registro 24 de 30
Ttulo: Electric power grid interconnections in Northeast Asia: A quantitative analysis of
opportunities and challenges
Autor(es): Otsuki, T (Otsuki, Takashi); Isa, ABM (Isa, Aishah Binti Mohd); Samuelson, RD
(Samuelson, Ralph D.)
Fonte: ENERGY POLICY Volume: 89 Pginas: 311-329 DOI:
10.1016/j.enpol.2015.11.021 Publicado: FEB 2016
Resumo: Power grid interconnection has gained attention in Northeast Asia (NEA) as a
means to build an economically efficient power system and to effectively utilize renewable
energy, such as wind and solar resources in the Gobi Desert and hydro resources in Eastern
Russia.
In order to quantify the potential economic and environmental benefits from connecting
power grids and developing renewables in NEA, we build an NEA-wide multi-region power
system model using linear programming techniques. Our analysis considers power system
characteristics, such as the seasonal and daily electric load curves of the various NEA
economies.
Compared to a "no grid extension" scenario, increased access to renewables contributes
significantly to emissions reductions and fuel cost savings. However, the results imply modest
benefits in lowering total cost because of the large initial investments needed in developing
the renewables and the transmission lines. These limited total cost savings are likely to pose
an implementation challenge for NEA grid interconnections. Our results also suggest that grid
interconnections become more economically attractive in higher fuel price or lower initial
cost situations. The relevant planning organizations should carefully consider the initial cost
and future fuel price trends when considering how to interconnect power girds in an
economical manner. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access
article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.orgilicensesiby/4.0/).
Yap, Boon Kar D-6236-2015 0000-0002-3010-5087
Engineering, EE O-1179-2016
Otsuki, Takashi 0000-0002-0075-510X
ISSN: 0301-4215
eISSN: 1873-6777
Registro 25 de 30
Ttulo: Quantifying the adverse effect of excessive heat on children: An elevated risk of hand,
foot and mouth disease in hot days
Autor(es): Zhang, WJ (Zhang, Wangjian); Du, ZC (Du, Zhicheng); Zhang, DM (Zhang,
Dingmei); Yu, SC (Yu, Shicheng); Hao, YT (Hao, Yuantao)
Fonte: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT Volume: 541 Pginas: 194-
199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.089 Publicado: JAN 15 2016
Resumo: Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood
infection and has become a major public health issue in China. Considerable research has
focused on the role of meteorological factors such as temperature and relative humidity in
HFMD development. However, no studies have specifically quantified the impact of another
major environmental agent, excessive heat, on HFMD. The current study was designed to
help address this research gap.
Methods: Case-based HFMD surveillance data and daily meteorological data collected
between 2010 and 2012 was obtained from China CDC and the National Meteorological
Information Center, respectively. Distributed lag nonlinear models were applied to assess the
impact of excessive heat on HFMD and its variability across social-economic status and age
groups.
Results: After controlling the effects of several potential confounders, the commonly hot days
were found to positively affect the HFMD burdens with the relative risk (RR) peaking at
around 6 days of lag. The RR of HFMD in the Pearl-River Delta Region was generally higher
and persisted longer than that in the remaining developing areas. Regarding the inter-age
group discrepancy, children aged 3-6 years old had the highest risk of HFMD under
conditions of excessive heat where as those greater than 6 years old had the lowest. The lag
structure of the impact of the extremely hot days was quite similar to that of the commonly
hot days, although the relative effect of these two kinds of conditions of excessive heat might
vary across regions.
Conclusions: This study indicated significantly facilitating effects of excessive heat on
HFMD especially among those aged 3-6 and from developed areas. Results from the current
study were particularly practical and important for developing area-and-age-targeted control
programs in the context of climate change and urbanization. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published
by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
ID PubMed: 26409149
ISSN: 0048-9697
eISSN: 1879-1026
Registro 26 de 30
Ttulo: Systematic characterization of generation and management of e-waste in China
Autor(es): Duan, HB (Duan, Huabo); Hu, JK (Hu, Jiukun); Tan, QY (Tan, Quanyin); Liu, LL
(Liu, Lili); Wang, YJ (Wang, Yanjie); Li, JH (Li, Jinhui)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH Volume:
23 Edio: 2 Pginas: 1929-1943 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5428-0 Publicado: JAN
2016
Resumo: Over the last decade, there has been much effort to promote the management of e-
waste in China. Policies have been affected to prohibit imports and to control pollution.
Research has been conducted in laboratories and on large-scale industrial operations. A
subsidy system to support sound e-waste recycling has been put in place. However, the
handling of e-waste is still a concern in China and the issue remains unresolved. There has
been relatively little work to follow up this issue or to interpret continuing problems from the
perspective of sustainable development. This paper first provides a brief overview of
conventional and emerging environmental pollution in Chinese "famous" e-waste dismantling
areas, including Guiyu in Guangdong and Wenling in Zhejiang. Environmentalists have
repeatedly proven that these areas are significantly polluted. Importing and backyard
recycling are decreasing but are ongoing. Most importantly, no work is being done to treat or
remediate the contaminated environmental media. The situation is exacerbated by the rising
tide of e-waste generated by domestic update of various electronics. This study, therefore,
employs a Sales Obsolescence Model approach to predict the generation of e-waste. When
accounting for weight, approximately 8 million tons of e-waste will be generated domestically
in 2015, of which around 50 % is ferrous metals, followed by miscellaneous plastic (30 %),
copper metal and cables (8 %), aluminum (5 %), and others (7 %). Of this, 3.6 % will come
from scrap PCBs and 0.2 % from lead CRT glass. While more and more end-of-life
electronics have been collected and treated by formal or licensed recyclers in China in terms
of our analysis, many of them only have dismantling and separation activities. Hazardous e-
wastes, including those from PCBs, CRT glass, and brominated flame retardant (BFR)
plastics, have become problematic and probably flow to small or backyard recyclers without
environmentally sound management. Traditional technologies are still being used to recover
precious metals-such as cyanide method of gold hydrometallurgy-from e-waste. While
recovery rates of precious metals from e-waste are above 50 %, it has encountered some
challenges from environmental considerations. Worse, many critical metals contained in e-
waste are lost because the recovery rates are less than 1 %. On the other hand, this implies
that there is opportunity to develop the urban mine of the critical metals from e-waste.
ID PubMed: 26408118
Ttulo da conferncia: 2nd Contaminated Land, Ecological Assessment and Remediation
(CLEAR 2014) Conference - Environmental Pollution and Remediation
Data da conferncia: OCT 05-08, 2014
Local da conferncia: Chuncheon, SOUTH KOREA
ISSN: 0944-1344
eISSN: 1614-7499
Registro 27 de 30
Ttulo: The impact of low and intermediate-level radioactive waste on humans and the
environment over the next one hundred thousand years
Autor(es): Kautsky, U (Kautsky, Ulrik); Saetre, P (Saetre, Peter); Berglund, S (Berglund,
Sten); Jaeschke, B (Jaeschke, Ben); Norden, S (Norden, Sara); Brandefelt, J (Brandefelt,
Jenny); Keesmann, S (Keesmann, Sven); Naslund, JO (Naslund, Jens-Ove); Andersson, E
(Andersson, Eva)
Fonte: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY Volume: 151 Edio
especial: SI Pginas: 395-403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.06.025 Parte: 2 Publicado:
JAN 2016
Resumo: In order to assess the potential radiological risk to humans and the environment
from a geological repository for radioactive waste, a safety assessment must be performed.
This implies that the release and transfer of radionuclides from the repository into the surface
environment are calculated and that the effects in the biosphere are evaluated for an
assessment period up to one hundred thousand years according to Swedish regulations. This
paper discusses the challenges associated with the modelling of surface ecosystems over such
long time scales, using the recently completed assessment for the extension of the existing
repository for the low- and intermediate-level nuclear waste (called SFR) in Forsmark,
Sweden as an applied example.
In the assessment, natural variation and uncertainties in climate during the assessment period
were captured by using a set of climate cases, primarily reflecting different expectations on
the effects of global warming. Development of the landscape at the site, due to post-glacial
isostatic rebound, was modelled, and areas where modelling indicated that radionuclides
could discharge into the biosphere were identified. Transfers of surface water and
groundwater were described with spatially distributed hydrological models. The projected
release of radionuclides from the bedrock was then fed into a biosphere radio-nuclide
transport model, simulating the transport and fate of radionuclides within and between
ecosystems in the landscape. Annual doses for human inhabitants were calculated by
combining activity concentrations in environmental media (soil, water, air and plants) with
assumptions on habits and land-use of future human inhabitants. Similarly, dose rates to
representative organisms of non-human biota were calculated from activity concentrations in
relevant habitats, following the ERICA methodology.
In the main scenario, the calculated risk for humans did not exceed the risk criteria or the
screening dose rate for non-human biota, indicating that the repository design is sufficient to
protect future populations and the environment. Although the combination of radionuclides,
land-uses/habitats, type of most exposed population and area of exposure that contribute most
to the total dose shifts over time, the total calculated dose shows limited variability.
Significant reductions in the dose only occur during submerged periods and under periglacial
climate conditions. As several different water and food pathways were equally important for
endpoint results, it is concluded that it would be difficult to represent the biosphere with one
or a set of simplified models. Instead, we found that it is important to maintain a diversity of
food and water pathways, as key pathways for radionuclide accumulation and exposure partly
worked in parallel. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access
article under the CC BY license.
ID PubMed: 26183806
ISSN: 0265-931X
eISSN: 1879-1700
Registro 28 de 30
Ttulo: Applying Occam's razor to global agricultural land use change
Autor(es): Engstrom, K (Engstrom, Kerstin); Rounsevell, MDA (Rounsevell, Mark D. A.);
Murray-Rust, D (Murray-Rust, Dave); Hardacre, C (Hardacre, Catherine); Alexander, P
(Alexander, Peter); Cui, XF (Cui, Xufeng); Palmer, PI (Palmer, Paul I.); Arneth, A (Arneth,
Almut)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE Volume: 75 Edio especial:
SI Pginas: 212-229 DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.015 Publicado: JAN 2016
Resumo: We present a parsimonious agricultural land-use model that is designed to replicate
global land-use change while allowing the exploration of uncertainties in input parameters. At
the global scale, the modelled uncertainty range of agricultural land-use change covers
observed land-use change. Spatial patterns of cropland change at the country level are
simulated less satisfactorily, but temporal trends of cropland change in large agricultural
nations were replicated by the model. A variance-based global sensitivity analysis showed
that uncertainties in the input parameters representing to consumption preferences are
important for changes in global agricultural areas. However, uncertainties in technological
change had the largest effect on cereal yields and changes in global agricultural area.
Uncertainties related to technological change in developing countries were most important for
modelling the extent of cropland. The performance of the model suggests that highly
generalised representations of socioeconomic processes can be used to replicate global land-
use change. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article
under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Alexander, Peter 0000-0001-6010-1186
ISSN: 1364-8152
eISSN: 1873-6726
Registro 29 de 30
Ttulo: A backcasting approach for matching regional ecosystem services supply and demand
Autor(es): Brunner, SH (Brunner, Sibyl Hanna); Huber, R (Huber, Robert); Gret-Regamey,
A (Gret-Regamey, Adrienne)
Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE Volume: 75 Edio especial:
SI Pginas: 439-458 DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.018 Publicado: JAN 2016
Resumo: Ecosystem services (ES) modeling studies typically use a forecasting approach to
predict scenarios of future ES provision. Usually, these forecasts do not inform on how
specific policy alternatives will influence future ES supply and whether this supply can match
ES demand important information for policy-makers in practice. Addressing these gaps, we
present a multi-method backcasting approach that links normative visions with explorative
land-use and ES modeling to infer land-use policy strategies for matching regional ES supply
and demand. Applied to a case study, the approach develops and evaluates a variety of ES
transition pathways and identifies types, combinations and timings of policy interventions that
increase ES benefits. By making explicit ES sensitivity towards regional policy strategies and
global boundary conditions over time, the approach allows to address key uncertainties
involved in ES modeling studies. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an
open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Huber, Robert G-4880-2011 0000-0003-4545-456X
ISSN: 1364-8152
eISSN: 1873-6726
Registro 30 de 30
Ttulo: Regulation causes nitrogen cycling discontinuities in Mediterranean rivers
Autor(es): von Schiller, D (von Schiller, Daniel); Aristi, I (Aristi, Ibon); Ponsati, L (Ponsati,
Lidia); Arroita, M (Arroita, Maite); Acuna, V (Acuna, Vicenc); Elosegi, A (Elosegi, Arturo);
Sabater, S (Sabater, Sergi)
Fonte: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT Volume: 540 Edio especial:
SI Pginas: 168-177 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.017 Publicado: JAN 1 2016
Resumo: River regulation has fundamentally altered large sections of the world's river
networks. The effects of dams on the structural properties of downstream reaches are well
documented, but less is known about their effect on river ecosystem processes. We
investigated the effect of dams on river nutrient cycling by comparing net uptake of total
dissolved nitrogen (TDN), phosphorus (TIP) and organic carbon (DOC) in river reaches
located upstream and downstream from three reservoir systems in the Ebro River basin (NE
Iberian Peninsula). Increased hydromorphological stability, organic matter standing stocks
and ecosystem metabolism below dams enhanced the whole-reach net uptake of TDN, but not
that of TDP or DOC Upstream from dams, river reaches tended to be at biogeochemical
equilibrium (uptake release) for all nutrients, whereas river reaches below dams acted as net
sinks of TDN. Overall, our results suggest that flow regulation by dams may cause relevant N
cycling discontinuities in rivers. Higher net N uptake capacity below dams could lead to
reduced N export to downstream ecosystems. Incorporating these discontinuities could
significantly improve predictive models of N cycling and transport in complex river networks.
(C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC
BY-NC-ND license.
ID PubMed: 26233271
Acuna, Vicenc L-6608-2014 0000-0002-4485-6703
von Schiller, Daniel C-1384-2009 0000-0002-9493-3244
Elosegi, Arturo B-7796-2009 0000-0001-8809-8484
ISSN: 0048-9697
eISSN: 1879-1026

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Ttulo: Sustainable management of Great Lakes watersheds dominated by agricultural land

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