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1887 ,
1880 // V 1881. . . 264277.
1887 , . ,
1881 . // V 1881. .
. 278320.

191
., .
 


2013
.. // . .
2(22). . . 162165.

 


 

2012 //
- . .. . 153160.

 

2007 // .
. 3(19): . - . . . 3962.
 

  

2008 .. .. // . . . IV.
. 5965.
 

  

2011 !.. ( .. .. ) //
: . 160-
.. . . . 195216.

 


1992 . . 166 .

 

2001 . . . . 179 .
  

1990 .. : //
: - .
. . 114117.
  

1993 .. .. //
. . . 3. . 4652.
  

2012 : .. //
- . ., . . 93103.
2012 : ..
// . . . 9:
: . . 315324.
   

1990/1991 . 4.
(1934 ) // . 4. . 3539.

Sergiy KUZMINYKH,
Anatoliy USACHUK

LETTERS FROM N. MAKARENKO TO E. MINNZ (CAMBRIDGE COLLECTION)

The article deals with the collection of letters by Ukrainian archaeologist M. Makarenko,
written to English archaeologist Professor E. Minnz in the period of 19271933. The letters are kept in
the Cambridge University Library. We provide the extracts from the letters that give the possibility
both to see the details of everyday life of the Ukrainian scientist and to understand better the details of
archaeological life in Kyiv at that time. The authors pay particular attention to the first analysis of the
excavations of Mariupol burial by M. Makarenko. There is the comparison of the letters with the
results of the unique cemeteries research written by M. Makarenko to E. Minnz and A. Tallgren.

192

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