Tabie 5-1 Atmospheric Stability Classes for Use with the Pasquill-Gifford Dispersion Model‘? Nigtttime conditions+ Surface Daytime insolation? Thin overcast wind apecd or> 4/8 =3/8 (més) Strong Moderate Slight loweloud cloudiness <2 A B F FS 2-3 A-B Cc E F 34 B c De E 4-6 c Dé De De > C De pe D* Stability classes: A, extremely unstable B, moderately unstable slightly stable D, neutrally stable F, slighty stable F. moderately stable 10* ‘ a 108 8 5 e ° = F E > = 10? E 5 F 10" 10° o4 1 10 ot 1 10 Distance downwind, km Distance downwind, km Figure 5-10 Dispersion coetticients for Pasquill-Gifford plume model for rural releases.10% 108 10° 108 & s 10 10" 10! 10° 01 1 10 on 1 10 Distance downwind, km Distance downwind, km Figure 5-11 Dispersion coefficients for Pasquill-Gifford plume model for urban releases. Table 5-2 Recommended Equations for Pasquill-Gifford Dispersion Coefficients for Plume Dispersion’? (the downwind distance x has units of meters) Pasquill-Giftord stability class oy (m) ot) Rural conditions A 0.228(1 + 0.0001x)"'? 0.20" B 0.16%(1 + 0.0001%)"' oaax c O.12x(1 = 0.0001) 0.08x(1 + 0.0002x) °? D 0.08x(1 + 0.0001x) 0.06x(1 + 0.00154) E (0.06x(1 + 0.0001) o.03x(1 + 0:0003x) | F 0.04x(1 = 0.00018) 0.016x(1 + 0.00032) Urban conditions AB 0.32x(1 = 0.0004x)-"= O24x(1 + 0.00012)" D 0.22r(1 ~ 0,0008x) 0.20x D O.16x(1 + 0.0004x)-" Olax (1 + 0.0003x)"'? E O.ar(1 + ,0004x) 0.08e(1 + 0.0015x) '?oy im) o1 1 10 Distance dewnwind, km oz (m) 1 Distance downwind, km Figure 5-12 Dispersion coefficients tor Pasquill-Gifford puff model, Table 5-3 Recommended Equations for Pasquill- Gifford Dispersion Coef ients for Puff Dispersion'? (the downwind distance x has units of meters) Pasquill-Gittord a, (m) stability class or 0, (m) 0.18x9? 0.14x°% 0.10x°" 0.06x"* 0.04x°" 0.02x° TM oCAe> @(m) 0,60x"75 0.53x""3 0.34x 0.15x°" 0.10x"* 0.05208 oom 10‘Substance’ OSHA PEL? mg/m, 25° Acctakichyde Acetic acid Acetone Acrolein Acrylic acid (skin) Acrylonitrile (skin) ‘Ammonia Aniline (skin) Arsine Benzene* Biphenyl Bromine Butane Caprolactum (vapor) Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide ‘Carbon tetrachlocide' (skin) Chlorine 1780 02s 360 25, 2400 23 4s 35 19 02 3.0 10 07 ss 2g 30Table 2-8 (continued) TLV-TWA? OSHA PEL’ ‘Substance ppm mg/m?, 25°C ppm mg /m?, 25° Chloroform* 10 50 50 240 Cyclohexane 300 1030 300 1080 Cyclohexanol (skin) 50 200 50 200 Cyclohexanone (skin) 25 100 50 200 Cyelonexone 300 1010 300 ais Cyclopentane 600 1720 Diborane On 01 oa o1 1,1 Dichloroethane 100 405 100 400 1,2 Dichloroethylene 200 790 200 7 Diethylamine $ 1s 25 75 Diethyl ketone 200 705 Dimethylamine 10 18 10 18 Dioxane (skin) 25 90 100 300 Fthylacetate 400 1400 400 1400 Ethylamine 3 92 10 18 Ethyl benzene 100 435 100 45 Ethyl bromi¢e 5 2 200 300 Ethyl chloride 1000 2600 1000 2600 Ethylene dichloride 0 40 1 4 Ethylene oxide* 1 2 1 2 Ethyl ether 400 1200 400 1200 Ethyl mercaptan 0s 13 10 25 Fluorine 1 2 o. 02 Formaldehyde* 03 037 07s 1 Formic acid 3 94 5 9 Furfural (skin) 2 8 5 20 Gasoline 300 900 Heptane 400 1600 500 2000 Hexachloroethane 99 1 10 Hexane 176 500 1800 Hydrogen chloride 75 5 7 Hydrogen cyanide (skin) u 10 ul Hydrogen fluoride 26 3 26 Hydrogen peroxide 1s 1 14 Hydrogen sulfide 10 4 2 28 Iodine TLV-C:01 1 OL 1 Isobutyl alcoho! 50 150 100 300 Isopropyl alcohol 400 983 400 980 Isopropyl ether 250 1040 500 7100 Ketene 0s 09 0s 09 Maleic anhydride 0.25 1 0.25 1 Methyl acctate 200 606 200 610Table 2-8 (continued) OSHA PEL* Substance! ppm mg/m?,25°C ppm mg/m, 25°C Methyl acetylene 1000 1650 3000 1650 Methyl! alcohol 200 260 200 260 Methylamine s 64 10 12 Methyl bromide (skin) $ 20 20 80 Methyl ettloride 50 105 100 210 Methylene eltloride* 50 174 500 1740 Methyl ethy! ketone 200 590 200 5% Methyl tormate 100 2s0 100 250 Methyl isocyanate (skin) 0.02 0.05 00 005 Methy] mercaptan as 1 PEL-C:10 20 Naphthalene 10 50 10 50 Nitric acid 2 s 2 s Nitric oxide 25 30 25 30 Nitrobenzene (skin) 1 1 5 Nitrogen dioxide 3 36 5 8 Nitromethane 100 250 100 250 Nonane 200 1050 Octane 300 1400 500 2350 Oxalic acid 1 1 Ozone 02 oa 02 Peniane 170 1000 2950 Phenol (skin) s 19 s 19 Phosgene oa 04 oa os Phospliine 3 04 03 4 Phosphoric acid 1 1 Phthalic anhydride 1 ol 2 12 Pyridine 5 16 5 15 Styrene 50 213 100 425 Sulfur dioxide 2 2 5 2B Toluene (skin) 50 188 200 750 Trichloroethylene 50 20 100 540 Triethylamine 5 2 25 100 Turpentine 100 500 100 360 Vinyl acetate 10 a5 Vinyl chloride’ 5 B 1 256 Xylene 100 435, 100 435