TABLE

AXIAL LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY OF COLUMN BASED ON PERCENTAGE

OF REINFORCEMENT AND COLUMN SIZE FOR VARIOUS MIXES AND STEEL

Steel Grade Fy 415

CONCRETE GRADE Axial Load carrying Capacity in KN (P)

M15 P= (2.7205 p + 6) b D/1500
M20 P= (2.7005 p + 8) b D/1500
M25 P= (2.6805 p + 10) b D/1500
M30 P= (2.6605 p + 12) b D/1500
M35 P= (2.6405 p + 14) b D/1500
M40 P= (2.6205 p + 16) b D/1500

Steel Grade Fy 500

CONCRETE GRADE Axial Load carrying Capacity in KN (P)

M15 P= (3.29 p + 6) b D/1500
M20 P= (3.27 p + 8) b D/1500
M25 P= (3.25 p + 10) b D/1500
M30 P= (3.23 p + 12) b D/1500
M35 P= (3.21 p + 14) b D/1500
M40 P= (3.19 p + 16) b D/1500

Steel Grade Fy 550

CONCRETE GRADE Axial Load carrying Capacity in KN (P)

M15 P= (3.625 p + 6) b D/1500
M20 P= (3.605 p + 8) b D/1500
M25 P= (3.585 p + 10) b D/1500
M30 P= (3.565 p + 12) b D/1500
M35 P= (3.545 p + 14) b D/1500
M40 P= (3.525 p + 16) b D/1500

Note :-
1. The axial Load carrying capacity column is arrived based on the formula
Pu =0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Asc as per IS 456-2000.
2. Here in the Table P is Axial Load Carrying capacity of column in KN.
p is steel in percentage say percentage as 1
b is breadth of column in mm
D is depth of column in mm.
Three thumb rules to be followed are as follows:

1. Size of the Columns

2. Distance between Columns
3. Alignment of columns

Thumb rule no.1

Size of the columns

The size of the columns depends on the total load on the columns.

Minimum size of the column should not be less than 9x9.

9x9 columns are to be used for a single storey structure with M15 grade of
concrete.

In case, 9x9 column size is to be used for 1 and half storey structure, then it is
advised to use M20 grade concrete.

A safe and structurally sound column size for a 1 and half storey structure should not
be less than 12x9 using M15 grade concrete. This should be in your most preferred
and practical options list.

Thumb rule no.2

Distance between the columns

Try to maintain equal distance between the centres of two columns. Always plan a
column layout on a grid.

The distance between two columns of size 9x9 should not be more than 4m centre
to centre of column.

If larger barrier free distances are required then going for larger column size is to be
used.

The size of the columns increase because of two factors:

1. Increase in the distance between two columns (This increases the dimensions
of the columns as well the depth of the beam.)
2. Height of the building (Increase in the number of floors is directly proportional
to the dimensions of the columns.
Thumb rule no.3

Alignment of Columns

A rectangular grid is to be made for placing the columns. This helps in avoiding
mistakes and placing in columns can be done in the right way.

The columns can preferably be arranged in two different fashions:

1. In a straight line with the help of a grid

2. In a circular fashion for circular buildings.

Zigzag arrangement of columns is an absolutely wrong way of working out Structural

design. It should be remembered that when columns are erected, beams are laid
connecting the columns.

The Zigzag column placement causes three major issues:

1. Unbalanced load transfer

2. Problems in wall construction
3. Problems in laying beams

If these three thumb rules are followed by Civil Engineering and

Architecture students, implementation of wrong Structural design can be
prevented.

EINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS:

Sizing:
For preliminary design use square columns.
If the building height is 3 stories or less:
If beam span < 6000mm, h (mm) = 300
If 6000 < beam span < 9000, h = 350
If 9000 < beam span < 12000, h = 400

If the building height is 4 to 9 stories:

If beam span < 6000mm, h (mm) = 400
If 6000 < beam span < 9000, h = 500
If 9000 < beam span < 12000, h = 600